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Computer Integrated Design
introduction
current state
● still documentation
● want to change that
● designers must become fluent
designing with CAD● 3-D modelling
● allows change in viewpoints● 2-D by product
● object-oriented modelling● not graphic primitives● means by which represent information about a design
3D modelling
15/30
3D modelling
5
3D modelling
life cycle● brief● concept● developed detail● manufacture / construction● operation● destruction / demolition
represent and manipulategraphic and non-graphic
information
new designs● new forms
● possible through use of computers
● complex geometries ● too difficult to construct● can’t visualize otherwise● Mitchell Beyond the Tower: Constructing Complexity in the Digital Age
Gehry
10
parametrisation● changing values of variables
● control of complex curved surfaces ● ship, aircraft, automobile design
● must be presented visually● not in mathematical equations
● NURBS● Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines
Hernandez C R B (2006). Thinking parametric design:introducing parametric Gaudi, Design Studies, 27(3):309-324
use of computers
does not upsetthe creative act
computers in design● aid with sketches & ideas
● develop themes / concepts
● facilitate production dwgs
● analyses to satisfy functional reqmnts
● speed manufacturing process
● control operation/maintenance15
3 aspectsof digital representation in design
● digital expression of form● way in which sketching & physical modelling can be transformed into digital representation
● digital integration of information● how functional aspects can be modelled so that analyses can be carried out● also includes CAD/CAM
● digital organization of office practice● presentation of information & communication between designers & clients● extent of change of work practices
CAD toolsare
whatever designersmake of them
integration& automation● automate processes in design
● automatic transfer of information
● design for manufacture● DfM, DfX
CADthe driver
the construction process
● 4-D CAD
● CAD modelling to represent the construction process
● staged
user participation
● involvement of clients
● community involvement
● presentation of alternatives● implications – environment, cost, …
20
Stata Center - MIT
Great Court British Museum
Kunsthaus Graz
Kunsthaus - Graz
● blob architecture - BIX media facade● non-euclidean geometry
● modelling based on B-spline surface modelling
● distorted sphere● pulling control points
Kunsthaus - Graz
● different models● for different aspects● structure, cladding, ventilation, …
25
Kunsthaus Graz
Szalapaj P.(2005). Contemporary Architecture and the Digital Design Process, Architectural Press, Amsterdam
Schematic initial computer model (fig. 5.1)
Kunsthaus Graz
Early CAD model of skin form (fig 5.5)
Detailed CAD model of cladding system (fig 5.6)
Kunsthaus Graz
CAD model showing perspexcladding system (fig 5.9)
CAD model showing primary and secondarystructural elements (fig 5.8)
Kunsthaus Graz
Aerial view of rendered CAD model with transparency (fig 5.11)
CAD model with sectional cuts indicatingscale of spaces (fig 5.10)
Kunsthaus Graz
Structural CAD model withbridge element (fig 5.15)
Structural CAD model (fig 5.16)
30
Kunsthaus Graz
3-D contour model with clamp geometry (fig 5.20)
CAD model of cladding panels (fig 5.22)
Kunsthaus Graz
Level 6 plan (fig 5.28)
Level 3 plan (fig 5.25)32