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COMPUTER SYSTEM ORGANISATION A computer system consists of :-
1. Hard ware 2. Software
HARDWARE:- Hardware represents the physical and tangible components of the computer it self that is those components which we can be touched and seen.
For eg. Input devices, out put devices, CPU and all electronic ccts
SOFTWARE:- A sequence of instructions or set of instructions given to a computer to perform a particular task (or that tell the computer what to do, when to do) is called software or program
Software mainly two types
1. System or operating software 2. application software
HARD WARE
SOFT WAREFor
e.g. SYSTEM OR
OPERATING SOFTWARE
APPLICATION
SOFTWARE
INPUTDEVICES
OUTPUTDEVICES
MEMORYDEVICES
CPU
IN PUTDEVICE
ALU OUT PUTDEVICE
MAIN MEMORY
CONTROL UNIT
AUX MEMORY
CPU
DATA
CONTROL SIGNAL
BASIC DIGITAL COMPUTER
HARD WARE
BIOSOPERATING SYSTEMAPPLICATION SOFTWARE
USER
SYSTEM OR OPERATING SOFTWARE
APPLICATION
SOFTWARE
TYPES OF SOFTWARE
It is made up of control programs, It is a series set of instructions one or more programs that are basically designed to control the operation of computer system. It is also called operating system. It runs the computer and act as a scheduler. It controls the programs the flow of signal from CPU and various parts of the computer. System software or operating software makes the operation of the computer system more effective and efficient.
1. MS DOS 2. Windows3. Unix4. LINUX 5. Sun Solaris
Operating system can be organized in to four major types according to use.
1. Real time Operating system
2. Single user/single tasking OS
3. Single user/multi tasking OS
4. Multi user/multi tasking OS
1. Real time Operating system:-
It is very fast , relatively small OS. Real time OS’s are often also embedded OS’s. When they are built in to the circuitry of a device and are not loaded from the disk drive . A real time OS is needed to run real time applications , It may support multiple simultaneous tasks or single tasks .
Real time applications are needed to run medical diagnostics Eqpt, life support system, instruments and industry systems
2. Single user/single tasking:-
An operating system that allows a single user to perform just one task at a time is a single user/single tasking OS.
For eg:- To a user, a “task’ is a function such as printing document , writing a file to disk , editing a file or down loading a file.
Eg:- MS DOS Operating system
3. Single user/multi tasking :-It is one that allows a single user to
perform two or more functions at once. It takes a special operating system to keep two or more tasks running at once.
For eg: MS windows , Macintosh OS
The multi tasking features of these OS’s have greatly increased the productivity of people in a large variety of Jobs because they can accoplish more in a shorter period of time
4. Multi user/multi tasking It is an operating system that allows multiple
users to use programs that are simultaneously running on a single net work SERVER, called terminal SERVER. When computer is connected to a SERVER to access document files to edit , the client computer performs the processing work locally. Which gives each user a complete environment , called a user session on the server. Each user applications run within their user session on the server separate from all other user sessions.
The software that makes this possible is called a terminal client.
For eg :- Unix , Linux OS’s
MS DOS WINDOWS UNIX/LINUX
SOLARIES
SYSTEM OR OPERATING SOFTWARE
WINDOWS 3. .0, 3..1
WINDOWS 95
WINDOWS 98
WINDOWS 98 (SE)
WINDOWS NT
WINDOWS 2000
WINDOWS XP
WINWS ME
WINDOWS VISTA
1. Running the all other software’s2 Communicating with all peripherals devices3. Development of other software’s 4. Monitoring the use of various Hardware recourses such as memory, peripherals, CPU etc
OPERATING SYSTEM SUPPORTED
1. Job management 2. Task management3. Data or memory management4. Security5. Boot strap or booting6. Directory management7. File management8. Command interpreter9. Utility programs.
Application software or application packages are set of one or more programs designed to carry out operations for a specified application/ purpose is called application software or application package.For e.g. 1. Object oriented application
2. Data base oriented application
WORD PROCESSING
SPREAD SHEET
DATA BASE APPLICATION
OBJECT ORIENTED APPLICATIONSOFTWARES
WORD STAR
MS WORD
NOTE PAD
WORD PAD
LOTUS
MS EXCEL
TALLY
E-COMMERCE
D BASE
FOXPRO
MS ACCESS
ORACLE
PAGE MAKER
COREL DRAW
PHOTO SHOP
MS POWER POINT
APPLICATION SOFTWARE
1. May 1990 - Windows 3.02. May 1992 - Windows 3.13 July 1993 - Windows NT 4.04 Aug 1995 - Windows 955 Sept 1998 - Windows 986. Dec 1998 - Windows 98 (SE)7. 1999 - Windows Me8 1998 - Windows 98 9. 2000 - Windows 200010. 2000 - Windows NT11. 2001 - Windows XP 12. 2006 - Windows Vista
WINDOWS OPEARTING SYSTEM History of windows:-
1. It has GUI (Graphical user interface) base system2. It is supported and encourage to 32/64 bits operation3. Multi tasking system4. It is allowed to place the file/folder on the Desktop and work from there.5 Supported long file names up to 255 characters6. Supported multiple users with their own setting such desk top Icon’s
Contd-2
7 It is supported to make built in peer to peer networking to access file and folder each other.
8. it is corporate “object linking and embedding” (OLE) ie user could easily create compressive documents combining information from several different application program.9. It is supported to “Plug and Play” standard for hardware developed by PC makers.10 It has a new mail system called Microsoft exchange
for all the types of messages such as E/Mail, Internet.11. Microsoft system information .12 Windows system update i.e. maximum drivers are
available.
-2-
MS DOS ORGANISATIONMS DOS consists of three main system program files as .SYS and .COM
1 IO .SYS2. MS DOS .SYS3. Command.Com
COMMANDS OF MS DOS1 Internal commands2. External commands
MS DOS1 It is work on CUI bases.2. Key board is used as input device.
3. Low memory space is required to load the OS (17 KB)
4. Single tasking system
5. No memory sharing facilities
6. It can not support the graphics 7. It can not support the MPEG file8. It can not support with Internet & E-
Mail.9. There is no system to recover the
deleted file up to DOS 5 Version
10. File length will be limited ie up to eight character with extension of three letters.
WINDOWS1. It is work on GUI bases.2. Key board and Mouse both used as
input device.3. It requires min 16 MB memory
4. Multi tasking system
5. Memory can be share with another computer
6. It can support the graphics 7. It can support the MPEG file8. It can support with Internet & E-Mail.
9. There a provision to recover the deleted file
10. File length will be up to 255 characters with extension of three letters.
CPU : P- IV 3 GHz/I3/I5/I7M/ BOARD : INTEL 845/G seriesRAM : 4GB OR HIGHERHARD DISK : 1 TBF/DRIVE : 1.44 MBM/M KIT : SOUND CARD , CR ROM SPEAKERS , MICKEYBOARD : 104 KEYS OR HIGHERMONITOR: : COLOR MODEM: : BROADBANDMOUSE: : 2/3 BUTTON SERIAL / PS/2/USB CABINET : ATX/Mimi TowerPRINTER : LASER / DMPLAN CARD : 10/100/1OOO Mbps
It is made up of control programs, It is a series set of instructions one or more programs that are basically designed to control the operation of computer system. It is also called operating system. It runs the computer and act as a scheduler. It controls the programs the flow of signal from CPU and various parts of the computer. System software or operating software makes the operation of the computer system more effective and efficient.
CPU : P- IV 2.4 GHzM/ BOARD : INTEL 845 GELLYSDRAM : 256 MB OR HIGHERHARD DISK : 40 GBF/DRIVE : 1.44 MBM/M KIT : SOUND CARD , CR ROM SPEAKERS , MICKEYBOARD : 104 KEYS OR HIGHERMONITOR: : COLOR MODEM: : 56.6 kbpsMOUSE: : 2/3 BUTTON SERIAL / PS/2 CABINET : ATX/Mimi TowerPRINTER : LASER / DMPLAN CARD : 10/100 Mbps PCI
MOUSE KEY BOARD
PRINTER MONITOR
RAM MEMORYFDD
HDD
CD ROM DRIVE
CPULAN CARD
MOTHER BOARD
MOUSE KEY BOARD
CU ALU CACHEMEMORY
PRINTER MONITOR
CD-RCD-RW
DVDS
SEMI CONDUCTORMEMORY
MAGNETIC TAPEMEMORY
OPTICALMEMORY
FLOPPY HARD DISK
RAMROM
SRAM DRAM DDR RAM
SD RAM
PROM EPROM EEPROM
INPUTDEVICES
CPU DEVICES
OUTPUTDEVICES
MEMORYDEVICES