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Parallel processing RISC VS CISC
Asst.Prof.Dr. Supakit Nootyaskool
IT-KMITL, Thailand
Computer System Organization & Operating System
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Objective
• Recognized type of parallel processing.
• Describe the difference between reduce instruction set
computer and complex instruction set computer.
• Understand technology of System-on-chip.
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Topic
• SoC
• FPGA
• Embedded system
• RISC
• CISC
• Parallel processing
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Digital circuit evolution
1.Discretecircuit
2.IC
3.Embedded
4.SoC
https://hackaday.com/2019/09/17/building-video-pong-with-discrete-components/
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Digital circuit evolution
1.Discretecircuit
2.IC
3.Embedded
4.SoC
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Digital circuit evolution
1.Discretecircuit
2.IC
3.Embedded
4.SoC
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What is SOC ?
• A system on a chip (SoC) is a IC chip integrated devices as
I/O port, sound, GPU, sound processor, etc., include to a IC
chip.
• Embedded system is a circuit board having a microcontroller,
I/O, memory, timer, analog to digital converter, etc., include to a
circuit board.
• Both SoC and Embedded system is programmable chip but..
– SoC is a digital circuit programing
– Embedded system is a machine language programming.
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SoC vs Embedded System
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SoC is FPGA technology• SoC is marketing name telling user know
advance
programable devices to the chip.
• FPGA is digital chip technology
• FPGA = Field programmable gate array is IC that programmer can
write the digital circuit or firmware to the chip.
• FPGA program with hardware description language (HDL) having
two favor languages– VHDL (IEEE1076)– Verilog (IEEE1364)
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Example VHDL as AND gate
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Comparing FPGA with CPU
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Activity 7.1 Program a digital circuit to FPGA chip
• A AND B
• A OR B
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Activity 7.2 Writing ASM in C language
• Test the example code below in OnlineGDBwebsite.
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World of CPU instruction set • CPU instruction set in commands
run on the CPU
that build or defined by the CPU maker
• Intel’s CPU on the computer system uses architecture name
x86.
• Instruction set = machine codes.
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Two Specific Computing in the CPU
• Computer architecture of the CPU has two categories.
– Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC)
• CPU name list: PowerPC, Atmel’s AVR, Microchip PIC, ARM
processors,
– Complex Instruction Set Computer (CISC)
• Intel processors
– Hybrid RISC/CISC• AMD processors
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Activity 7.3 List of CPU today
• Search CPU name from the Internet and write to the list
below…
– Intel 8088
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RISC vs CISC
• Suppose the code below comparing
CISCmov ax, 10mov bx, 5mul bx, ax
RISCmov ax, 0mov bx, 10mov cx, 5add ax, bxloop cx, begin
begin:
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RISC vs CISC
• Suppose the code below comparing
CISCmov ax, 10mov bx, 5mul bx, ax
RISCmov ax, 0mov bx, 10mov cx, 5add ax, bxloop cx, begin
begin:
1
1
30
1
1
1
1
1
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Activity 7.4 How do you calculate 10 x 3 in binary?
• 10 = 1010 5 = 011
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Parallel Processing Categories
1. Multi-core
– Two or more processor module in a CPU chip.
– All CPU in the chip share resources both memory, and I/O.
2. Symmetric multiprocessing (SMP)
– A mainboard (PCB) installed two or more processor
– Some user called multiprocessor, multi-CPU
– Resource sharing
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Multicore processor
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Symmetric Multicore processor• Xeon E5-2600v4 has 4 cores in the
chip
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Symmetric Multiprocessing
2CPU (1core per CPU)
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Parallel Processing Categories
3. Cluster computing
• A group of computer or servers are connected in a local
network.
• Load balance management
• Master/Slave
4. Distributed, Grid computing
• A group of computer or server are connected in the
Internet.
• Very large tasks are divided into subtasks and assigned to the
computer on the Internet.
• Checking time completely, when a computer does not submit the
result on time the master will assign the work to a new
computer.
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Cluster computing
• Some system called High Performance Computing (HPC)
• Application name building cluster computing:
– Matlab
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Parallel Processing Categories
• 5) Cloud computing platform is a centralized distribution of
resources for distributed deployment through a software system.
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Activity 7.5 What is Seti at home
• Search “Seti at home” and explain
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Distributed processing
