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Overview
• 1970 – 1983 Mainframes and mini computers.
• Performance measurement tools & techniques.
• 1983 – 1995 Networked systems, multi‐layered software. Performance modelling tools and graphical workstations
• Conclusion: Industrial & academic impact
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Era Problemarea
Partners Techniques
1970..UnivacMainframesExec 8
Capacityplanning
•Univac Norway•Other computer centres
Software monitors;Benchmarks
1977.. NordMinisSINTRAN III
CPU speed;Interactiveresponse
•Norsk Data A/S •state institutions
h/w monitors; Interactor
1980..DMS1100SIBAS
Databaseapplications
•Bibsys group;•Norsk Data
Pilotsyntheticprototypes
1970 – 1983 Measurement‐based work
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1970...Measurement context:
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Measurement context:
Controlledsystem change
Controlledworkload
”what if…..?” questions
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1. Monitor the Production Workload2. Analyse the log files• H/w resource usage• Cluster analysis
3. Construct scaled‐down workload• Selection/tuning of programs & data• job sequence
4. Validate using software monitor• Average device utilisations: OK• Throughput: optimistic (+25%)
Benchmark as a workload model
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1977...Interactive Computing: ‐ testing a system with many
simultaneous users
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A small database system with test‐harness
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3 stages of system tuningRe‐entrantCode
Reorganisedsystem disc
RESPONSE TIMEsec.
Interactions per second
% Utilisation
Initial System
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era Application Partners Modelling tools
1983.. System sizing •Norsk Data•ICL
•Sp Structure & Performance
Graphicwork‐stations
Informationsystems
Systemering group (IDI):
Sp with queuingmodels
1989…Network systems
H/w timing& synchron‐isation
•ICL•STC commsnetworks
DEMOS activitydiagrams, PIT processinteraction tool.
Modellingenvironment
IMSE consortium
IMSE object store & user interface.
1983 – 1995 model – based work
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1983...Modelling in SP ‐ the Abstract Virtual Machine
operations data
Input /
output
processing
memory
storage
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SP at the hardware interface:Streaming of Video on Demand
memory
servercpu
SCSIbus
ATMnet
disk transferlogic
S‐bus
AAL transferlogic
SCSI controller
M‐bus
ATM adapterprocessor
Deliverythread
DiskThread
segmentscontainers
Legend
processingcommunications
memory
diskunits
Architecture: Telenor FoU circa 1995
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PIT Slotted Ring Model
1989... Simulation with PIT
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IMSE schematic
Experimenter
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Conclusion – technology impact• Industry applications: Interactor, PIT• Mutually beneficial industrial partnerships• Limited take‐up *:– Ahead of its time (SP ? )– Made irrelevant by other developments (PILOT)– Fell foul of emerging standards (Graphical interface in SP, PIT)
• Ongoing relevance: SP, PIT
*Ref: Three causes of technology failure Museum of computing, Boston, Mass.
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Conclusion – academic impactResearch: contributed with experimental techniques, new paradigms and concepts
Development: innovative tools and techniques
Teaching: well‐developed pensum, good experience with research‐driven teaching.
Future of the field of Performance Engineering: Visibility too low for prospective students. Important research challenges remain.
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