CONCEPTS AND THEMES IN SOCIAL STUDIES

Mr. Cartledge Social Studies Class

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What is the topic of today’s lesson?

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What are the Eight Themes of Social Studies?

• Conflict and Change• Culture• Human Environment

Interaction• Location• Movement/Migration• Power, Authority, &

Governance• Production, Distribution,

& Consumption• Time, Change, &

Continuity

Conflict and Change

• When conflict happens between or within societies, the result is CHANGE• When you have conflicts with your friends does it change your

friendship?• Why do you make changes in your life?• Why does change always follow conflict?

• When conflict happens between or within societies, the result is CHANGE

Class Discussion

• What examples did you come up with? Raise your hand and share with the class if you are called upon.

Here’s what you need to understand:Humans, our society, and the environment affect each other.

Examples of how people can interact with their environment

Hoover Dam

LAKE MEAD

How man can control his environment

• How is the landscape changed when neighborhoods are built?

WHEN NATURE ATTCKS!!!!

Man can make sturdy building, but when the foundation gives, the building crumbles.

Winds can whip through with power, enough to twist and crush to defy man’s innovation.

These waves were cause by an underwater earthquake many miles away

Our Environment affects us in other ways too.

• How does the environment effect food choice?• What jobs are available or unavailable

because of the physical geography near us?

Movement/Migration

• What you need to know:The movement or migration of people and ideas affects all societies involved.

• Things to think about:• How have your ideas, opinions, likes and dislikes changed

since going from elementary school to middle school?• What are some of the cultural differences within different

regions of the U.S.?• What are some reasons people move?• Have you ever heard a good idea from somebody else and

used it yourself?

Movement/Migration

Movement/Migration

ABSOLUTE LOCATION

• The exact spot on earth where a place can be found

• Uses LONGITUDE and LATITUDE or other very specific/detailed directions to explain where it is located.

Remember: A HALF

Circle consists of a total of

90

Latitude AKA PARALLELS

• Run parallel to the equator (they NEVER touch)

• Run East to West• MEASURE degrees North and South from the

Equator

80N

0N Equator

60N40N

20N

20S40S60S80S

90N

90S

There are twenty

degrees between

each of these particular

drawn lines.

Remember: A Circle

consists of a total of

180

Longitude AKA MERIDIANS

• Run from pole to pole (they ALWAYS touch at Poles)

• Run North to South• MEASURE degrees East and West from the

Prime Meridian

There are twenty

degrees between each of these

particular drawn lines.

0N

Pri

me

Mer

idia

n

20

W40

W60

W80

W20E40E60E80E90E90

W

Remember: A Circle

consists of a total of

180

Longitude AKA MERIDIANS

• Unlike Latitude Lines, which only get as high as 90, Longitude Lines get as high as 180

There are twenty

degrees between

each of these particular

drawn lines.

1

80N

In

tern

atio

nal

D

atel

ine

160 W140

W120

W

100

W160

E

140E

120E

100E

90E90

W

SO WHEN WE PUT IT ALL TOGETHER!

Relative Location

• The location of one place on earth in relation to another place

• Never really specific and ALWAYS compared to the location of another spot

GIVE GRANNY A

KISS

MIGRATE

• To Move from one area to another• I have migrated from Greeneville, TN to Bay

Minette, AL to Mobile, Alabama to Bullhead City, AZ to Rincon, GA to Conyers, GA to Covington, GA….

List and Explain the five themes of Geography:

THEME EXPLANATIONLocation Where place is located in space

Place Area with a distinct group of physical features

Region Places with common physical/human characteristics

Movement People, animals, plants, and ideas go from one place to another

Human-environment interaction

When humans depend on, adapt to, and modify the world around them

What physical processes can cause places to change over time?

•Volcanic Eruptions, earthquakes, hurricanes, and glacial movement cause change

How do push and pull factors cause migration?

• Difficult Conditions PUSH people to leave a place

• The promise of better conditions PULLS people to a new place

What are some ways people have adapted to their environment?

• Building new homes from local material (igloo, log cabin)

• Learning new work skills (learning to fish near lakes, rivers, or oceans)

• Eating locally grown food (peaches)