Concepts of Database Concepts of Database Management, Fifth Management, Fifth

EditionEdition

Chapter 8: Chapter 8:

Database AdministrationDatabase Administration

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Objectives

Discuss the need for database administration (DBA)

Explain the DBA’s responsibilities in formulating and enforcing database policies for access privileges, security, disaster planning, and archiving

Discuss the DBA’s administrative responsibilities for DBMS evaluation and selection, DBMS maintenance, data dictionary management, and training

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Objectives

Discuss the DBA’s technical responsibilities for database design, testing, and performance tuning

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Database Administration (DBA)

Resource that supervises database and use of DBMS

DBA functions are usually performed by a group

May refer to one person also called a database administrator

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Figure 8.1:DBA Responsibilities

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Policy Formulation and Enforcement

Access Privileges

Users access the database only in ways in which they are entitled

Security

Access restrictions ensure database is secure

Passwords, encryption, and views implement security

Effective password protection critical

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Figure 8.2: Access Privileges for Sam

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Figure 8.3: Access Privileges for Paige

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Figure 8.4: Access Privileges for Valerie

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Figure 8.5: Attempted Security Violation by Brady

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Figure 8.6: Attempted Security Violation by Paige

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Figure 8.7: DBMS Supplies Security Features

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Figure 8.8: Supplemented Security Features

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Policy Formulation and Enforcement

Disaster Planning

Protection against physical damage

Use DBMS backup and recovery tools with supplements where needed

Disaster recovery plan

Archiving

Place to keep corporate data

Mass-storage device used for archiving

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Figure 8.9:Movement of Data to Archive

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Other Database Administrative Functions

DBMS Evaluation and Selection Data definition Data restructuring Nonprocedural languages Procedural languages Data dictionary Concurrent update Backup and recovery Security Integrity

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Other Database Administrative Functions (Con’t.)

Replication and distributed databases Limitations Documentation and training Vendor support Performance Portability Cost Future plans Other considerations

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Other Database Administrative Functions (Con’t.)

DBMS Maintenance

Configuration changes

Upgrades for new releases

Problem resolution

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Other Database Administrative Functions (Con’t.)

Data Dictionary Management

Is essentially database catalog with wider range of information

Updates the data dictionary

Establishes naming conventions for tables, fields, etc.

Creates data integrity rules

Training

How to use DBMS and database

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Technical Functions

Database Design

Establishes sound methodology for database design

Creates documentation standards

Manages changes

Testing

DBA controls production system

Grants privileges to programmers to modify and test software

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Figure 8.11: Interaction Between Test and Production Systems

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Technical Functions (con’t.)

Performance Tuning

DBA attempts to get best performance with funding constraints

Create indexes, splitting tables, changing table design

Denormalization - process that creates a table not in 3NF to optimize performance

JOINs may be too costly to just scan data

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Figure 8.12: Customer Table

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Figure 8.13a: Split Customer Table

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Figure 8.13b: Split Customer Table

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Figure 8.14: Including Part Descriptions in OrderLine Table

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Summary Database administration (DBA) - person or group

responsible for supervising database and use of database management system (DBMS)

DBA formulates and enforces policies about

Users who can access database

Portions of database they may access

In what manner they can access database

DBA formulates and enforces policies about security

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Summary DBA

Creates and implements backup and recovery procedures

Formulates and enforces policies that govern the management of an archive for data

Leads effort to evaluate and select new DBMS Installs and maintains DBMS after it has been

selected and procured Maintains data dictionary, establishes naming

conventions for its contents, and provides information from it to others in the organization

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Summary DBA

Coordinates and provides database and DBMS training

Verifies all information-level database designs, completes all physical-level database designs, and creates documentation standards

Controls production system, which is accessible only to authorized users

Tunes database design to improve performance