Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Concordia University
HEC Montréal
Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM)
ENTREPRENEURSHIP – 80-465-11
Joint Ph.D. Program in Administration
Professors: Louis Jacques Filion (HEC Montréal) [email protected] 514-923-1957 Bakr Ibrahim (Concordia) [email protected] 514-848-2424, ext.2701 Coordinator: Louis Jacques Filion Secretary: Brigitte Campeau [email protected] 514-340-6322 Course objectives ● To know and understand the field of study of entrepreneurship ● To critically and creatively investigate key authors and the main trends of thought
in the field of study of entrepreneurship, through conceptual, empirical and practical works
● To understand the process of theory building ● To learn to design a potentially publishable paper Course overview The course addresses the classical writings in entrepreneurship and also encompasses a wide range of subjects typically related to entrepreneurship, such as innovation, new venture creation, intrapreneurship, spin-offs, opportunity, vision, family business and other concepts. The entrepreneurship literature is abundant, with more than 40 periodicals and dozens of conferences held every year. A selection of basic readings is proposed for each session, and additional papers are suggested for students who would like to go further. Teaching approach This course is organized in the form of a seminar. The main teaching method will be student presentations and group discussions. Students are expected to be well-prepared and able to discuss the readings. Because this is an entrepreneurship course,
the readings are approached from a creative as well as a critical perspective: what is each paper’s creative contribution and what could be done to improve it? Appendix One contains a proposed framework to analyse the readings. Each student will be invited to present a review of a book that deals with theory building in entrepreneurship (his or her choice, but to be approved by the course coordinator). The learning students derive from this course depends directly on the effort they are prepared to invest. Didactical Material • CODEX no
Evaluation ● Presentation of a seminar 10% ● Design of a paper (5-10 pages, plus bibliography) (session 4) 10% ● First draft of a paper (session 8) 10% ● Book review and presentation in class (session 10) 10% ● Final paper (session 13) 30% ● Presentation of the paper in class (session 14) 10% ● Class Contributions 20% Each student is invited to use the framework presented in Appendix One to assess the readings. The student responsible for the seminar must provide 1 to 2 pages of comments on each of the readings required that day. The main assignment of this course is to write a paper that will be submitted to a journal for publication. The journal to which the student plans to submit the paper must be approved by the course coordinator. In session 10, each student is required to present a book dealing with the theoretical construction of the field (no written report, only a class presentation). Class contribution is assessed on the basis of the student’s capacity to listen and react creatively and constructively. The class contribution will include the discussion in class about an article to be reviewed. A peer evaluation at the end of the course will count for 50% of the grade for class contributions.
Course content Week 1: Introduction to the Course Theory Building
Sutton, R.I. and Staw, B.M. (1995). What theory is not. Administrative Science Quarterly, 40: 371-384.
Weick, K.E. (1995). What theory is not, theorizing is. Administrative Science Quarterly, 40: 385-390.
DiMaggio, P.J. (1995). Comments on What Theory is Not. Administrative Science Quarterly, 40: 391-397.
Whetten, D.A. (1989). What constitutes a theoretical contribution? Academy of Management Review, 14: 490-495.
Eisenhardt, K.M. & M.E. Graebner (2007). Theory building from cases: Opportunities and challenges. Academy of Management Journal, 50 (1): 25-32.
Whetten, D.A. (2009). Modeling theoretical propositions. In: Huff, Anne (Ed.). Designing research for publication, Sage, Chapter 11: 217-250.
Miller, D. (2007). Paradigm Prison, or in praise of atheoretic research. Strategic Organization, 5: 177-184.
Suggested Readings
Eisenhardt, K. M. (1989). Building theories from case study research. Academy of Management Review, 14 (4): 532-550.
Ghoshal, S. (2005). Bad management theories are destroying good management. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 4 (1): 75-91.
Nord, W. (2005). Treats and some treatments: Responses by Kanter, Pfeffer, Gapper, Hambrick, Mintzberg, and Donaldson to Ghoshal’s “Bad management theories are destroying good management practices”. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 4 (1): 92-113.
McKelvey, B. (1997). Quasi-natural organization science. Organization Science, 8: 352-380.
Weick, K.E. (1989). Theory construction as disciplined imagination. Academy of Management Review, 14: 516-531.
Weick, K.E. (1992). Agenda setting in organizational behaviour: A theory-focused approach. Journal of Management Inquiry, 1: 171-182.
Week 2: Introduction to Entrepreneurship/Definition Issues
Schumpeter, J. (1934). The theory of economic development. Oxford : Oxford University Press. Fundamentals of economic development, Chapter II : 65-74; Entrepreneurial Profit, chapter IV : 128-156.
Gartner, W.B. (1990). What are we talking about when we talk about entrepreneurship? Journal of Business Venturing, 5: 15-28.
Shane, S. & S. Venkataraman (2000). The promise of entrepreneurship as a field of research. Academy of Management Review, 25 (1): 217-226.
Bruyat, C. & P.A. Julien (2001). Defining the field of research in entrepreneurship. Journal of Business Venturing, 16 (2): 17-27.
Wiklund, J., P. Davidson, D.B. Audretsch & C. Karlsson (2011). The Future of
Entrepreneurship Research. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 35 (1): 1-9.
Filion, L.J (1998). From entrepreneurship to entreprenology: The emergence of a new
discipline. Journal of Enterprising Culture, 6 (1): 1-23.
Filion, L.J. (2011). Defining the entrepreneur. In: Dana, L.P. (Ed.) World Encyclopedia
of Entrepreneurship. Cheltenham, UK and Northampton, MA, USA, Edward Elgar: 41-
52.
Connelly, B. & D.D. Ireland (2010). The power and effects of entrepreneurship
research. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 34 (1): 131-149.
Suggested Readings
Cornelius, B., H. Landström & O. Persson (2006). Entrepreneurial studies: The dynamic research front of a developing social science. Entrepreneurship Theory & Practice, 375-398.
Katz, J.A. (2003). The chronology and intellectual trajectory of American entrepreneurship education 1876-1999. Journal of Business Venturing, 18 (2): 283-300.
Knight, F.H. (1921). Risk, uncertainly and profit. Chicago, University of Chicago Press.
Enterprise and profit. Chapter IX: 264-290.
Welter, F. & F. Lasch (2008). Entrepreneurship research in europe: Taking stock and
looking forward. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 32 (2): 241-248.
Dean, M.A., C.L. Shook & G.T. Payne (2007). The past, present, and future of
entrepreneurship research: Data analytic trends and training. Entrepreneurship Theory
and Practice, 31 (4): 601-618.
Week 3: Entrepreneurship from the Perspective of Different Disciplines
Baumol, W.J. (1990). Entrepreneurship: Productive, unproductive and destructive. Journal of Political Economy, 98 (5): 893-921.
Casson, M. (1982). The entrepreneurs: An economic theory. Barnes and Noble.
Basic concepts of the theory, the concept of coordination. Chapter 2: 41-56.
The entrepreneur as coordinator. Chapter 3: 57-66.
Kirzner, I. (1973). The Entrepreneur. Chicago, University of Chicago Press.
Competition and entrepreneurship. Chapter 2: 30-87.
Hagen, E. (1960). The entrepreneurs as rebel against traditional society. Human Organization, 19 (4): 185-187.
McClelland, D. (1976). Preface, The achieving society. Princeton, Van Norstrand, 2nded.: vii-xii.
Explaining economic growth. Chapter 1: 1-35.
Achieving societies in the modern world. Chapter 3: 63-106.
Ibrahim, A.B. & J.R. Goodwin (1986). Perceived causes of success in small business. American Journal of Small Business, 2 (2): 41-50.
Suggested Readings
Brockhaus, R. (1982). The Psychology of the Entrepreneurs. In: Kent, C., Sexton, D. & Vesper, K. (Eds.) Encyclopedia of Entrepreneurship. Englewood Cliffs, Prentice Hall: 39-56.
Kets de Vries, M. (1977). The entrepreneurial personality - A person at the crossroads. Journal of Management Studies, 14 (1): 34-47.
Miller, D. (1983). The Correlates of entrepreneurship in three types of firms. Management Science, 29: 770-791.
D. Miller, D. (2012). A reflection on EO research and some suggestions for the future: Miller (1983) Revisited. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, in press.
Week 4: Questioning the Status of the Field
Gartner, W.B., P. Davidsson & S.A. Zahra (2006). Are you talking to me? The nature of community in entrepreneurship scholarship. Entrepreneurship Theory & Practice: 321-331.
Low, M.B. & I.C. MacMillan (1988). Entrepreneurship: Past research and future challenges. Journal of Management, 14: 139-161.
Davidsson, P., M.B. Low & M. Wright (2001). Editors’ Introduction: Low and MacMillan Ten years on – Achievements and future directions for entrepreneurship research. Entrepreneurship Theory & Practice 25 (4): 5-16.
Ireland, R.D. & J.W. Webb (2007). A cross-disciplinary exploration of entrepreneurship research. Journal of Management, 33 (6): 891-927.
Sarasvathy, S.D. (2004). The questions we ask and the questions we care about: Reformulating some problems in entrepreneurship research. Journal of Business Venturing, 19: 707-717.
Suggested Readings
Bull, I. & G.E. Willard (1993). Towards a theory of entrepreneurship. Journal of Business Venturing, 8: 183-195.
Week 5: Entrepreneurial Cognition/ Entrepreneurial Process
Mitchell, R.K., L.W. Busenitz, B. Bird, C.M. Gaglio, J.S. McMullen, E.A. Morse & J.B. Smith (2007). The central question in entrepreneurial cognition research. Entrepreneurship Theory & Practice, 31 (1): 1-27.
Krueger, N.F. (2007). What lies beneath? The experiential essence of entrepreneurial thinking. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 31 (1): 123-138.
Leitch, C.M., F.M. Hill & R.T. Harrison (2010). The philosophy and practice of interpretivist research in entrepreneurship: Quality, validation and trust. Organizational Research Methods, 13 (1): 67-84.
Baker, T. & R.E. Nelson (2005). Creating something from nothing: Resource construction through entrepreneurial bricolage. Administrative Science Quarterly, 50: 329-366.
Filion, L.J. (2004). Operators and visionaries: Differences in the entrepreneurial and managerial systems of two types of entrepreneurs. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, 1 (1/2): 35-55.
Baron, R.A. (2008). The role of affect in the entrepreneurial process. Academy of Management Review, 34 (2): 328-340.
Suggested Readings
Aitken, H.G.J. (1965). Entrepreneurial research: The history of an intellectual innovation. In: Aitken, H.G.J. (Ed.) Explorations in enterprise. Cambridge, MA., Harvard University Press: 3-19.
Livesay, D. (1982). Entrepreneurial history. In Kent, C., Sexton, D. & Vesper, K. (Eds.) Encyclopedia of Entrepreneurship, Prentice Hall: 7-15.
Filion, L.J (1991). Vision and relations: Elements for an entrepreneurial metamodel. International Small Business Journal, 9 (2): 26-40.
Ucbasaran, D., P. Westhead & M. Wright (2001). The focus of entrepreneurial research: Contextual and process issues. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, Summer: 57-80.
Aldrich, H.E. & C.M. Fiol (1994). Fools rush in? The institutional context of industry creation. Academy of Management Review, 19 (4): 645-670.
Katz, J. & W.B. Gartner (1988). Properties of emerging organizations. Academy of Management Review, 13 (3): 429-441.
Gartner, W. (1985). A conceptual framework for describing the phenomena of venture creation. Academy of Management Review, 10 (4): 696-706.
Week 6: Opportunity
Shane, S.A. (1999). Prior knowledge and the discovery of entrepreneurial opportunities. Organization Science, 11 (3): 448-469.
Bhidé, A.V. (2000). Planning vs opportunistic adaptation. In: The origin and evolution of new businesses. Oxford University Press. Chapter 2: 53-68.
Vaghely, I.P. & P.A. Julien (2010). Are opportunities recognized or constructed? An information perspective on entrepreneurial opportunity recognition. Journal of Business Venturing, 25 (1): 73-86.
Sarasvathy, S. D. (2001). Causation and effectuation: Toward a theoretical shift from economic inevitability to entrepreneurial contingency. Academy of Management Review, 26 (2): 243-263.
Gregoire, D.A., P.S. Barr & D.A. Shepherd (2010). Cognitive processes of opportunity recognition: The role of structural Alignment. Organization Science, 21 (2): 413-431.
Short, J.C., D.J. Jr. Ketchen, C.L. Shook & R.D. Ireland (2010). The concept of “Opportunity” in entrepreneurship research: Past accomplishments and future challenges. Journal of Management, 38 (1): 40-65.
Suggested Readings
Sarasvathy, S.D. (2008). Understanding effectuation: Dynamics of the effectual process. In: Effectuation. Elements of entrepreneurial expertise. Cheltenham : Edward Elgar. Chapter 5: 96-121.
Clydesdale, G. (2010). Creativity and opportunity recognition. In: Entrepreneurial
opportunity. The right place at the right time. New York and London : Routledge. Chapter 2: 13-
31.
Zhao, H., S.E. Seibert & G.T. Lumpkin (2010). The relationship of personality to entrepreneurial intentions and performance: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Management, 36 (2): 381-404.
Munoz C., C.A., S. Mosey & M. Binks (2011). Developing opportunity-identification capabilities in the classroom: Visual evidence for changing mental frames. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 10 (2): 277-295.
Week 7: Ethnic Entrepreneurship
Dalziel, M. (2008). Immigrants as extraordinarily successful entrepreneurs: A pilot study of the Canadian experience, Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship, 21(1): 23-36.
Menzies, T.V., L.J. Filion, G.A. Brenner & S. Elgie (2007). Measuring ethnic community involvement: Development and initial testing of an index. Journal of Small Business Management, 45 (2): 267-282.
Brenner, G.A., T.V. Menzies, L. Dionne, L.J. Filion (2010). How location and ethnicity affect ethnic entrepreneurs in three Canadian cities. Thunderbird International Business Review, 52 (2): 153-171.
Kariv, D., T.V. Menzies, G.A. Brenner, L.J. Filion (2009). Transnational networking and business performance: Ethnic entrepreneurs in Canada. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 21 (3): 239-264.
Perreault, C., G. A. Brenner, T. Menzies & L.J. Filion (2008). Social capital and business performance: Ethnic enterprises in Canada. Journal of Business and Globalisation, 10: 1-16.
Menzies, T., G.A. Brenner & L.J. Filion (2006). Deregotary myths about women entrepreneurs: Is there any substance to the myths in relation to visible minority women entrepreneurs in Canada? Management International, 10 (3): 111-121.
Caterine, D.V. (2004). The construction of an ethnic identity in religious traditionalism: An ethnographic survey. In: Stiles, C.H. & Galbraith, C.S. (Eds.) Ethnic entrepreneurship: Structure and process. Elsevier/Jai, Part III: 219-239.
Suggested Readings
Wakkee, I., P. Groenewegen & P.D. Englis (2010). Building effective networks: Network strategy and emerging virtual organizations. In: Honig, B., Drori, I. & Carmichael, B. (Eds.) Transnational and immigrant entrepreneurship in a globalized world. Toronto: University of Toronto press. Chapter 4: 75-99.
Week 8: Break week Week 9: Family Businesses
A. B. Ibrahim, K. Soufani and J. Lam (2001). A Study of succession in a family firm. Family Business Review, 14 (3): .
Ibrahim, A.B. & J. McGuire (2011). Family business research: An assessment and future direction. International Journal of Entrepreneurship & Small Business. 12, 1: .
Miller, D., I. Le Breton-Miller, R. Lester & R. Cannella (2007). Are family firms really superior performers? Journal of Corporate Finance, 13: 829-858.
Le Breton-Miller, I. & D. Miller (2006). When and why do family businesses outperform? Governance, long-term orientations, and sustainable capability. Entrepreneurship Theory & Practice, 30: 731-746.
Miller, D., I. Le Breton-Miller & B. Scholnick (2008). Stewardship vs. stagnation: An empirical comparison of small family and non-family businesses, Journal of Management Studies, 45 (1): 50-78.
Arregle, J.-L., M.A. Hitt, D.G. Sirmon & P. Very (2007). The development of organizational social capital: Attributes of family firms. Journal of Management Studies, 44 (1): 73-95.
Habbershon, T.G. & M. Williams (1999). A resource-based framework for assessing the strategic advantage of family firms. Family Business Review, 12: 1-25.
Week 10: Book Presentations Week 11: Entrepreneurship and Research Methodologies
Smith, K.G., M.J. Gannon & H.J. Sapienza (1989). Selecting methodologies for entrepreneurial research: Trade-offs and guidelines. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 14 (1): 39-49.
Chandler, G.N & G.N. Lyon (2001). Issues of research design and construct measurement in entrepreneurship research: The past decade. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 25:
Short, J.C., D.J. Jr. Ketchen, J.G. Combs & R.D. Ireland (2010). Research methods in entrepreneurship: Opportunities and challenges. Organizational Research Methods, 13, 1: 6-15.
Grégoire, D.A., M.X. Nöel, R. Déry & J.P. Béchard (2006). Is there conceptual convergence in entrepreneurship research? A co-citation analysis of the Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research, 1981-2004, Entrepreneurship Theory & Practice: 333-374.
Kisfalvi, V. & S. Maguire (2011). On the nature of institutional entrepreneurs: Insights
from the life of Rachel Carlson. Journal of Management Inquiry, 20 (2): 152-177.
Suggested Readings
Aldrich, H., A. Kalleberg, P. Marsden & J. Cassell (1989). In pursuit of evidence: Sampling procedures for locating new businesses. Journal of Business Venturing, 4: 367-386.
Busenitz, L. W., G.P. West III, D. Shepherd, T. Nelson, G.N. Chandler & A. Zacharakis (2003). Entrepreneurship research in emergence: Past trends and future directions. Journal of Management, 29 (3): 285-308.
Week 12: Entrepreneurial Teams / Trust / Networks
Ruef, M., H. Aldrich & N. Carter (2003). The structure of founding teams: Homophily, strong ties and isolation among US entrepreneurs. American Sociological Review, 68 (2): 195-222.
Harper, D.A. (2008). Towards a theory of entrepreneurial teams. Journal of Business Venturing, 23 (6): 613-626.
Welter, F. & D. Smallbone (2006). Exploring the role of trust in entrepreneurial activity. Entrepreneurship Theory & Practice: 465-476.
Shane, S. & D. Cable (2002). Network ties, reputation, and the financing of new ventures. Management Science, 48 (3): 364-381.
Granovetter, M.S. (1983). The strength of weak ties: A network theory revisited. Sociological Theory, 1: 201-233.
Suggested Readings
Granovetter, M.S. (1973). The strength of weak ties. The American Journal of Sociology, 78 (6):1360-1380.
Week 13: Special Topics
Carroll, G. & E. Mosakowski (1987). The career dynamics of self-employment. Administrative Science Quarterly, 32: 570-589.
Stewart, W. & P. Roth (2001). Risk propensity differences between entrepreneurs and managers: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86: 145-153.
Aldrich, H. (1990). Using an ecological perspective to study organizational founding rates. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 14 (3): 7-24.
Shane, S. (2002). Selling university technology: Patterns from MIT. Management Science, 48 (1): 122-137.
Fisher, J.L. & J.V. Koch (2008). The Scientific Evidence. In: Born, not made. The entrepreneurial personality. Westport, CT & London, UK: Praeger. Chapter 2: 19-38.
Suggested Readings
White, R., S. Thornhill & E. Hampson (2006). Entrepreneurship and evolutionary biology: The relationship between testosterone and new venture creation. Organization Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 100 (1): 21-34.
Locke, E.A. & J.R. Baum (2007). Entrepreneurial motivation. In: Baum, J.R., Frese, M. & Baron, R. (Eds.) The Psychology of Entrepreneurship. Chapter 5: 93-112.
Ahl, H. (2006). Why research on women entrepreneurs needs new directions. Entrepreneurship Theory & Practice: 595-622.
De Bruin, A., C.G. Brush, F. Welter (2007). Advancing a framework for coherent research on women’s entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 31 (3): 323-340.
Dew, N., S.R. Velamuri & S. Venkataraman (2004). Dispersed knowledge and an entrepreneurial theory of the firm. Journal of Business Venturing, 19: 659-679.
Oviatt, B.M. & P.P. McDougall (2005). Defining international entrepreneurship and modeling the speed of internationalization. Entrepreneurship Theory & Practice: 537-554.
Fairlie, R. (2002). Drug dealing and legitimate self-employment. Journal of Labour Economics, 20 (3): 538-566.
Yunus, Muhammad (2010). Building Social Business. New York: Public Affairs (Perseus Books).
Week 14: Paper Presentations Selected Bibliography
Appendix1 Title of paper 1. What kind of phenomena and/or problems are the authors concerned with
describing and/or explaining? 2. By what methods do they think such knowledge can be acquired? By what methods
do they think such knowledge can be applied? What are alternative methods? 3. What are the key concepts? How are these concepts connected? 4. What kind of data do they collect? 5. What are their major contributions?
(a) More descriptive information about a particular phenomenon? (b) A new conceptual scheme (useful way of thinking) for (I) investigation and
research; (ii) improved practice; or (iii) both? (c) A new method or a refinement of an old one? (d) New findings (empirical generalizations, correlations, statements that a
significant relationship exists between X and Y, causal relations)? (e) A new theoretical explanation for the findings?
6. What assumptions are they making with respect to values, human nature, method? 7. What are some of the major weaknesses of their work? How might these weaknesses
be addressed? What are your main suggestions to improve the paper? 8. Additional comments?
1 Adapted from Scott Shane
