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CONCRETE HOME LUNCHEON
& FORUM
Wednesday, Jan 22nd, 2014 – 11:30 – 1:30 p.m.
THANK YOU TO OUR
GENEROUS SPONSORS!
Building to a Higher Standard: Resilience in Residential Construction
Donn C. Thompson, AIA, LEED AP BD+C
Portland Cement Association
2014 Concrete Homes Luncheon & Forum
January 22, 2014
3
• The cost of natural disasters continues to increase because codes are not providing adequate property protection
• Stronger building codes could help reduce burden of disaster recovery by making communities more resilient
• Major events like Katrina and Sandy demonstrate the impact these storms have on local residents, their environment, and their economy
• Concrete systems offer resilient solutions to enable communities to build stronger, and maintain more stable, more sustainable communities
4
Introduction
Increasing Cost of Natural Disasters
Combined Losses US: Thunderstorm, Hail, and Tornado*
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
'50-'59 '60-'69 '70-'79 '80-'89 '90-'99 '00-'09
*Property Casualty Service in 2010 $ 1,000 m
Combined Losses US: Tropical Storm and Hurricane*
0
20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
'50-'59 '60-'69 '70-'79 '80-'89 '90-'99 '00-'09
*Property Casualty Service
0
100
200
300
400
500
Tornado Losses vs. Number of EF3-EF5*
'50-'59 '60-'69 '70-'79 '80-'89 '90-'99 '00-'09
*National Weather Service
0
4
8
12
16
20
'50-'59 '60-'69 '70-'79 '80-'89 '90-'99 '00-'09
Hurricane Losses vs. U.S. Strikes*
*National Weather Service
What’s going on?
Frequency of storms is not increasing
Cost of damage from storms is increasing
The causes…
Weakening of building codes
Property protection takes back seat to life safety priorities
We have spread out more
More construction in harms way
Relaxation of Building Standards
Federal requirements to ensure the quality of construction backed by Federal loans
All about property protection
Stringent passive fire protection
Stringent sound transmission loss criteria
Model Codes (‘70s - ‘80s)
• Introduced in the late 1970’s
• Originally based on the Federal property protection standards
• Consensus process has moved codes:
• From property protection to life safety
• From prescriptive material specific provisions to performance based requirements.
Consolidation of Model Codes (‘97-‘00s)
• The merger resulted in the least common denominator for passive fire protection.
• Most aggressive trade-offs for sprinklers were also included from any one code.
=
Spread of Development
14
1995 EF 5
2004 EF 4
2013 EF 5
OKC - 2013
Spread of Development
15
1995 EF 5
2004 EF 4
1995 EF 5
2013 EF 5
OKC - 1954
Bottom line…
• The increase in amount of damage from disaster events:
• Construction is less robust because codes are less restrictive
• There is more construction out there
• Spread across a wider and wider area
• Increased vulnerability and overall likelihood of damage
Mitigation Response – Balanced Planning and Development
• Disasters
– They happen when:
• Human development encroaches upon natural systems
• If we weren’t here…
– All these major events would be…
• Natural Occurrences
18
Nature vs. Human Development
• Tempering the Conflict between two ecologies – Natural vs. Artificial
• Extent of disruption
– Depends on choices made by Society
• How much we choose to be fortified for these events
• How much we choose to build for resilience and sustainability
19
Nature vs. Human Development
• We need to rethink our priorities… – Relation to the natural environment
– Our building practices
• If its built stronger, it is more sustainable
• Promote a healthy, balanced, fully functioning ecosystem – People: Provide quality of life benefits
– Planet: Buffer the environmental
impacts of natural hazards
– Profit: Community continuity • Jobs
• Places to live
• Places to shop
20
Nature vs. Human Development
• Katrina by the numbers – Social Impacts – New Orleans
• 80% of city flooded
• 70% of occupied housing
– 134,000 units damaged by the storm
• Population dropped by over 50% - July 2006
• 6-years later
– Only 76% of pre-storm population
– People Displaced • 1 million
• 273,000 in relief shelters
• 114,000 FEMA trailers
21
Hurricane Katrina People Costs
Source: Greater New Orleans Community Data Center 2013
• Sandy by the numbers – Social Impacts – 6,477 storm survivors in shelters at peak of the disaster
– 43% of FEMA assistance registrations from renters • 64% from NYC low income
• 67% from NJ low income
22
Super Storm Sandy People Costs
Source: Hurricane Sandy Rebuilding Task Force Report, August 2013
• Sandy by the numbers – Social Impacts – 650,000 homes damaged or destroyed
23
Super Storm Sandy People Costs
Source: Hurricane Sandy Rebuilding Task Force Report, August 2013
• Katrina by the numbers – Environmental Impacts – Debris Volumes
• Harrison County Mississippi 9 square mile area – 4.5 million cubic yards vegetative
– 7.2 million cubic yards non-vegetative
– 11.7 million cubic yards total
• Volume of Louisiana Superdome
– 4.6 million cubic yards
– Filled over 2.5 times
24
Hurricane Katrina Planet Costs
Source: Science and Storms: the USGS Response to the Hurricanes of 2005
• Sandy by the numbers – Environmental Impacts
– 100 million gallons of raw sewage released
• Hewlett Bay 2 days following Sandy
– Wastewater treatment plants closed up and down Atlantic Coast
• Fear of contamination of drinking water aquifers, pipes, wells
25
Super Storm Sandy Planet Costs
Source: Hurricane Sandy Rebuilding Task Force Report, August 2013
• Sandy by the numbers – Economic Impacts – $65 billion in damages and economic loss
• $58 million in damages to the recreational fishing sector
• 200,000 small business closures due to damage or power outages
• 2 million working days lost
• Physical facility damage
• Inventory damage
• Supply chain disruption
• Tourism
26
Super Storm Sandy Profit Costs
Source: Hurricane Sandy Rebuilding Task Force Report, August 2013
• Katrina by the numbers – Economic impacts – Insurance Payouts - Private:
• $41.1 billion on 1.7 million claims
– Vehicles
– Homes
– Businesses
– Insurance Payouts – NFIP: • $16.1 billion
27
Hurricane Katrina Profit Costs
Source: CNN Library
Examples of Resilient Exterior Wall Systems
4 Wall Types for Resilient Structures
Removable
Form
Cast in place
w/ Simulated
Siding Finish
ICF w/ Conc.
Brick Veneer
Pre-cast w/
Applied
Thin Brick
Reinforced
Masonry
w/ Stucco
Resilient Attributes Of Concrete
Strength and Stiffness
Wind Driven Debris Resistance
Inorganic Composition
Water Resistance
Decay Resistant
Insect Resistant
Non-combustible
Versatile and Customized Design Options
North Topsail Beach, NC
• Reinforced concrete for extreme wind resistance
• Also ability to stop penetration of wind blown debris
32
Concrete Safe Rooms
Entire precast concrete
gymnasium is a storm shelter
Coastal Application with ICF
34
• Union Beach, NJ
• 19th Century technology trying to meet 21st Century challenges
35
• Tale of Two Homes
Union Beach, NJ
36
• Tale of Two Homes
Union Beach, NJ
– Strong building codes would provide sustainable benefits
• Both for buildings and the communities in which they exist
– Adequate property protection should be an important part of building code development
– As the Tale of Two Homes demonstrates: • Concrete systems offer effective resilient solutions
• Stronger concrete buildings helps to maintain sustainable community continuity through:
– Social safety and protection
– Reduced environmental impacts
– Greater economic stability
37
In Conclusion
Building to a Higher Standard: Resilience in Residential Construction
38
Donn C. Thompson, AIA, LEED AP BD+C Portland Cement Association [email protected] 847.972.9166
Resilient ICF Construction
Buddy Hughes Territory Manager Logix Insulating Concrete Forms
2014 Concrete Homes Luncheon & Forum January 22, 2014
39
Resilient Homes Panel Discussion
2014 Concrete Homes Luncheon & Forum
January 22, 2014
40
– Gary Brown, VP Marketing/International, • Amvic Building System
– Bill Clymer, Regional Sales Manager, • Nudura Insulated Concrete Forms
– Mike Garrett, CEO • BuildBlock Building Systems
– Buddy Hughes, Territory Manager, • Logix Insulating Concrete Forms
– Brian Medford, Regional Sales Manager, • Fox Blocks Insulated Concrete Forms
– Clark Ricks, Editorial Director, • ICF Builder Magazine
41
Resilience Panel Discussion
Building to a Higher Standard: Resilience in Residential Construction
Portland Cement Association
Booth C4213
2014 Concrete Homes Luncheon & Forum
January 22, 2014
42