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Congratulations to AYSO alumni Alex Morgan, Shannon Boxx, Rachel Buehler, Carli Lloyd and the entire U.S. Women's National Olympic Team. You make us proud!
American Youth Soccer Organization (AYSO)
Presents: The AYSO U10 & U12 Coaching Course
Section 2 Area D Region 218
Today’s Plan • Introductions • Plan (prefer - can opt for more than one)
– U9/10: 8-11:30 (class, field [9:15-11:00], test) – U12: 8-2:00 (class, field [9:15-noon], lunch, class,
test) • Sign appropriate roster!!!! • Bathrooms • Lunch order for U12s
U10-U12 Coaching Course Presented by:
Ron Unger UK Soccer Coaches
Referees Christi Postlethwaite, Bob Best
U10 & U-12 Coaching Course • Overview:
– AYSO Vision & Mission Statements – AYSO 6 Philosophies – Team Management – Training Overview for U-10 & U-12 Players – The Coaching Cycle – Objectives and Principles of the Game – Systems of Play – Teaching Methods – Techniques – Exam…
U10 & U12 Coaching Course
The AYSO National Coaching Program is accredited by:
The National Council for Accreditation of Coaching Education
(NCACE)…
AYSO Vision Statement
To provide world class youth soccer programs that enrich children’s lives
Mission Statement To develop and deliver quality youth
soccer programs, which promote a fun, family environment based on the AYSO Philosophies…
AYSO Philosophies
– Open Registration – Everyone Plays – Balanced Teams – Positive Coaching – Good Sportsmanship – Player Development…
AYSO Philosophies:
Everyone Plays • Our program’s goal is for kids to play
soccer—so we mandate that every player on every team must play at least half of every game.
Balanced Teams • Each year we form new teams as evenly
balanced as possible—because it is fair and more fun when teams of equal ability play…
AYSO Philosophies Open Registration • Our program is open to all children between 4
and 19 years of age who want to register and play soccer. Interest and enthusiasm are the only criteria for playing.
Positive Coaching • Encouragement of player effort provides for
greater enjoyment by the players and ultimately leads to better-skilled and better-motivated players…
AYSO Philosophies
Good Sportsmanship • We strive to create a positive
environment based on mutual respect rather than a win at all costs attitude, and our program is designed to instill good sportsmanship in every facet of AYSO…
AYSO Philosophies:
Player Development We believe that all players should be able to develop their soccer skills and knowledge to the best of their abilities, both individually and as members of a team, in order to maximize their enjoyment of the game…
U10 & U12 Coaching Course
U10 Program – Discovery! U12 Program - Technical polishing! Who are the most important coaches?
…. YOU ARE!
The Psychology of Coaching
The Psychology of Coaching
For the rest of this session, remember we are not talking about your child!...
Coaching U9 & U10 Players
Working with U9/10 Athletes
As coaches we need to recognize that each athlete is an individual with unique needs and that we treat them accordingly: Understand that players want to enjoy attending training and games…
Working with U9/10 Athletes Organize your training and games so that every athlete on your team has an opportunity to develop and maintain positive feelings of self-worth. Provide positive encouragement to all players for both accomplishments and mistakes…
Working with Young Athletes
Play in this very young age group is Meant to give a “taste” of the game, some experience in working together as a team, and, most of all, a positive introduction to the sports experience…
Coaching Special Needs Players • Find out what you can from parents / foster
openness. • By U6 – U10, parents should have a fairly
realistic idea of expectations. • May need additional repetitions & help. • Ask for help if needed so you can better
coach all players!! • Davis has a VIP program.
Things To Remember About The U9/10 Player
Avoid lecturing. Children at this age are starting to be self-critical, so make sure you are always positive in your approach…
What to Expect from U9/10 Players
• Physically still in early stages of development • Enthusiastic in competing • Practice new skills over & over to perfect them • Recall details with accuracy • Understand cause & effect • Join in games with moderate strategy
What to Expect from U9/10 Players
• They need reinforcement • Fear failure & peer rejection • Blame others, make excuses for
shortcomings/mistakes • Like talking and hanging out with friends • Like putting on “shows” for parents/friends • Like to be coach’s “helper” • Feelings can be easily hurt
24
U9/10 Discovery ! • Training and Game
– Up to 2 trainings per week – Game: 25 min halves – 7 side/ 9 roster/ One is designated KEEPER!!! – Penalty Kicks – Select Season – Offside (not plural!)
• Techniques – Instep kick (left/right foot) – Push pass (left/right foot) – Ball control (inside of left/right foot) – Shooting (left/right foot) – Dribbling – Tackling (front block) – Goalkeeping, Collection and Starting the attack
25
U12 (Technical Polishing) • Game
– 30 min halves – 9 side/ 12 roster – Select Season
• Techniques – Instep drive (left/right foot) – Push pass (left/right foot) – Shooting (left/right foot) – Dribbling (close, vision, turning) – Static & Dynamic Ball Control – Tackling (front block) – Heading – Slide Tackling – Goalkeeper - Improve & enhance technique, introduce
the collapsed dive
Program Overview by Age Age Players ½ Duration Ball Teach
• U6 3 v 3 No GK 10 3 Instep Pass, TI • U7/8 5 v 5 No GK 20 3 Push Pass, Control • U9/10 7 v 7 w/GK 25 4 Tackling, Keeping • U12 9 v 9 w/GK 30 4 Header, technical
polishing • U14 11 v 11 w/GK 35 5 Read the game • U16 11 v 11 w/GK 40 5 Tactical development • U19 11 v 11 w/GK 45 5 Tactical speed
Team Management
• Off-the-field responsibilities affect team/players – be prepared!
• Organize the team: your first priority! 1. Develop a Team Goal 2. Develop a Coaching Philosophy 3. Conduct a Parents’ Meeting
Team Management • Develop a Team Goal
– Something not reliant on the win-loss record • More skilled players should grow too • Improvement in overall game/Law knowledge • “Players having FUN while learning about
soccer” is a good base for a team goal. You, the parents and players can build on that foundation…
Team Management
• Develop a Coaching Philosophy – Set appropriate expectations – Show respect to all players…
Why are you coaching? Why should you be coaching?
To “enrich” our lives!
Team Management • Conduct a Parent’s Meeting
– Discuss AYSO’s Vision & Mission Statements – Discuss the team’s goals – Explain your coaching philosophy – Explain short-sided soccer & why we play it – Educate parents briefly on the Laws of the Game
specific to this age group – Discuss player equipment needs – Set team policies (training, pregame arrival, honoring
the game) – Concussions
Team Management • Conduct a Parent’s Meeting
– Obtain help - some examples: • Assistant Coaches • Team Parent - good sportsmanship, roster, etc. • Referees (required) – at least two, get training • Snack/Green Coordinator • Picture Day Coordinator • First Aid Coordinator – bring back-up ice, 1st aid kit • Team Party Coordinator • Newspaper Correspondent • Photographer/Webmaster • AYSO volunteers for Region!
Team Management
• Parent’s Meeting – Honoring the Game – Set expectations for the parents as
spectators and supporters for their children – Remind them that they are to encourage
but not coach (No more yelling “KICK IT” or “SEND IT”)
– Set times and requirements for trainings and games as well as equipment needed…
Team Management
Training Sessions (Practice) COME PREPARED! Always have medical release forms. Know what will be worked on prior to arriving at the field…
Team Management • Coach’s minimum equipment list for training/games:
– Player medical release forms (always, every AYSO function!!!) – Roster w/phone numbers – Basic first-aid kit – Water container (filled with water), cups, ice – Soccer balls – Extra pair of shin guards – Marking pen for labeling – Whistle
• Player’s minimum equipment list: – Soccer ball - properly inflated – Wearing shin guards & socks to cover – Appropriate Clothing, Footwear – Water
Training Sessions (Practice) Have a training plan to build up from a static
activity (no pressure) to a game situation in the amount of time available Have equipment necessary for training Dress appropriately…
Team Management
• Training: – Warm up includes static and dynamic
stretching (the benefits to young children are to develop the habit of warming up muscles and stretching prior to physical exertion)
– Move through training plan at a steady pace, too much free time and players will find ways to entertain themselves…
Team Management Training Session – Be Prepared! • Free Play (keep away, FT Leader, CAUTION: no
unsupervised shooting!) • Warm Up & Stretch (NOT ballistic) • Introduce Technique (Say-Show-Do-Review; See-
Show-Say/PIE) • Skill-Based Activity using technique (dribbling, passing);
incorporating Principles of Play • (U10 & 12) Tactical Development based on last game;
incorporating Principles of Play • Build Up (ensure success) to Small-Sided Game • Cool Down & Stretch; Review • Remind players/parents of game day (times/location)…
Team Management • Training Sessions
– Allow players plenty of water! • Players should be allowed to get water when
they need it - not necessarily only when a break is scheduled
• Game Day – Make sure players know where and when they
should show up (30-45 min. prior to game)…
Team Management
• Game Day – Have medical release forms or don’t play
(referee’s are not responsible to ensure you have the forms, you are)
– Have equipment to warm up and decent game balls if you are Home team
– Ensure players remove ALL jewelry. Bandaids over earrings are not an option…
Team Management GAME DAY APPROACH: • Prior to game – reinforce skill/tactic from training • Substitution breaks – water (anytime!); positions • Half time
– new positions – make only 1 major correction – listen to what players see/think is happening in game
• After game – Have SHORT review of game – Get feedback from players on their play performance (what
did we do well/ what can we improve; what one thing did another player do well)
– Remind players of next training, etc.
Objectives and Principles
• Objective is a goal or purpose, what is to be achieved.
• Principles of Play are what is needed to attain your objectives
• Players must understand both the objectives for the game and how to apply the principles to accomplish the objectives…
Objectives and Principles
• The players are taught the objectives and principles through training sessions, not during the game
• The ones who also need to understand these but will be the most difficult to teach is the parents…
Objectives of the Game
Only two:
Win!
Do not finish 2nd
Objectives of the Game
Attacking Objectives Defending Objectives
Score Prevent Scoring
Advance the Ball Delay the Opponents
Maintain Possession Regain Possession
Principles of Play
For each attacking principle, there is a defending principle to counter it
Attacking countered by Defending
Penetration Delay
Depth Depth
Width Concentration
Mobility Balance
Creativity Composure
Principles of Play
D A
Penetration/Delay 1 v 1
Principles of Play
D
A D
A
Depth 2 v 2
Principles of Play
Concentration D
Depth D
A Penetration
A Width
A Depth
Delay D
Principles of Play
D Balance
D Depth D Concentration A Depth
A Width
D Delay A Pen A Mobility
Principles of Play
D Balance
D Depth D Concentration A Depth
A Width
D Delay A Pen A Mobility
A Creativity D Composure
Systems of Play U-12 9vs9
2-3-3
G
Defenders Midfielders Strikers
Goalkeeper
Systems of Play 4-3-1
G
Systems of Play
G
1-1-6
Teaching Methods
The Coaching Cycle
To Develop Match Characteristics
Finishing Short/long play
Short combined with long play Risk
Ability to possess Transition Each training session must
include Technical (skills), Tactical development and Conditioning
Control the level of difficulty by changing the
Space, Speed, Opposition
Training session use Free play Warm-up Build Up
Tactical activities End with small games
Every training session should improve player and team performance Using information gathered from last game
Teaching Methods
• P.I.E. – Positive – Instructional – Encouraging Anyone (players/parents/referees/employees/etc.)
who only hears what they do wrong will start to believe they cannot do anything right and lose the will to try…
Teaching Methods
• Say, Show, Do and Review Say – Explain the skill or technique Show – Demonstrate the skill or technique Do – Have players perform the skill Review – Review, correct (in a positive
manner) and confirm proper technique
Teaching Methods
• See, Show, Say See – Coaches must observe players’ performance
during games and training to see if proper technique or method is being used (also known as the “Coaching Eye”)
Show – Describe what you see the player doing that needs to be corrected and show them the correct way
Say – Once a player(s) performs the skill, tactic, or strategy effectively let them know! Say it out loud for all to hear...
Any Questions??
• Come to COACHES’ TIPS CLINIC!! – SATURDAY, April 13, 8:00-12:00 (day after
first games) – Meet coach mentors – Learn how to run a successful training – Get answers from coach instructors and
referees – Learn laws of the game & ref signals – Review techniques
Coach Training Resources • Today’s Coach Trainers – see Board • Coach Mentors (new!) • www.davisayso.org • www.ayso.org - “coaches” at bottom; games, Catz soccer • www.aysotraining.org – on- line training • www.aysostore.com – supplies, videos, books • Ron Unger – Regional Coach Trainer -
[email protected] • JP Marie – Area Coach Administrator -
[email protected] • Jock Hamilton - Section 2 Coach Trainer/Administrator–
[email protected] • Regional Coach Admin’s (RCA) - [email protected] • Divisional Coach Admin’s (DCA) – for your Division
Video Resources
• CATZ Soccer – available at www.ayso.org – $30 for 6 month subscription – complete division-specific training sessions – resources for coaches and players
CATZ Soccer
CATZ Soccer
Let ‘em Play
• National AYSO DVD - $25 • U6-U12 Techniques & Activities
and now…to the field!
Any Questions?
one more thing…
What is the BEST teacher of the game?
The game itself!
Kids just want to PLAY! See you on the field! ...
Thank you for coaching!!!
U12 – Positions, More Principals of Play &
Systems of Play (time allowing!)
Positions
• Position – The place a player stands every time play
is started: Examples from other sports - • Football – Before each snap of the ball the left
tackle is always on the left next to the left guard, the center always snaps the ball, etc.
• Baseball – The outfielders and infielders are always in their positions prior to the pitch…
Soccer is a game of movement!! No fixed positions (areas of responsibility)
• Keepers (or goalkeeper) • Defenders (backs, sweeper, stopper) • Midfielders (left, center, right) • Attackers (forwards, wings, strikers)
• All children play all field positions, but not in
the same game! (exception – keeper)
Position/Player Concepts
• If they have the ball – We’re all defenders!
• If we have the ball - We’re all attackers! (not offensive!)
Position/Players Characteristics
• Goalkeepers – Agility – Quick reflexes – Sure hands – Courage to get the ball – Ability to distribute the ball – Ability to read the game – And want to play in goal…
Positions
Positional Responsibilities (Player responsibilities)
What’s needed from a player during the attack or in defense is this.
Make relative decisions based on:…
U-12 Coaching Course
Me
TeammateOpponent
TimeUp a GoalDown a Goal
Goal DefendingGoal Attacking
And read it all in seconds!
What is the score?
Positions
• What makes soccer different from other more traditional American Sports?
– With very little exception (kickoffs and penalty kicks) play is not stopped after the attack fails, the defense wins the ball, or even when the ball crosses the touch or goal lines and has to be put back into play.
Positions Coaches must teach all players that they need to play both sides-of-the ball. We all attack and we all defend! When a player makes a creative run up field but possession is lost the whole team must now defend… (transition!)
Positional Responsibilities
• POSITION
– Goalkeeper
– Defender
– Midfielder
– Strikers
• Opponent with Ball
– Stop scoring attempt
– Stop scoring attempt – Regain possession
– Delay attack – Regain possession
– Regain possession – Delay attack
• OWN TEAM WITH BALL
– Begin Attack
– Maintain Possession – Advance Ball
– Advance ball – Maintain Possession
– Score – Advance ball – Maintain possession
Laws of the Game
Laws of the Game
Law 1 Field of Play – 50 x 100 yards – Standard markings and areas
Law 2 The ball – Size 4
Law 3 Number of players – 9 v 9 – 12 on the roster…
LAW 4: THE PLAYERS’ EQUIPMENT
Essential Facts Regarding Players’ Equipment: • Jersey, shorts, footwear, and shinguards
covered by stockings are required. • The goalkeepers must be distinguishable
from all other players on the field. • Players may not wear anything that could
endanger either themselves or another player.
• Casts or splints, jewelry, watches and articles of adornment are not allowed…
LAW 5: THE REFEREE
Essential Facts Regarding the Referee: Should interfere with the game as little as possible, penalize only deliberate breaches of the Law, and not whistle for trifling or doubtful offenses…
LAW 6: THE ASSISTANT REFEREES
• Indicate when the ball is out of play. • Indicate which side is entitled to a goal kick, corner kick or
throw-in. • Indicate when a player may be penalized for being in an offside
position. • May signal any misconduct, incident, or breach of the Laws
which occurred out of view of the referee • Assistant referees’ decisions may be overruled by the referee. • Referee decisions may not be overruled by an assistant
referee. • Referees may consult with and accept the decision of neutral
assistant referees to determine whether or not a legal goal was scored…
LAW 7: THE DURATION OF THE MATCH
Essential Facts Regarding the Duration of the Game:
• Two equal periods (halves)- length varies with age.
• The referee is the sole time keeper for the match… adding time for time lost…
LAW 8: THE START AND RESTART OF PLAY
Essential Facts Regarding the Start of Play: KICK-OFF • at the beginning of the match. • at the beginning of the second half. • following a goal. • at the beginning of overtime periods…
LAW 8: THE START AND RESTART OF PLAY
Essential Facts Regarding the Start of Play: KICK-OFF • The team winning the coin toss chooses
which goal it will attack in the first half. The other team must kick off.
• Play is started with a kick-off from the center mark…
LAW 8: THE START AND RESTART OF PLAY
Essential Facts Regarding the Start of Play: KICK-OFF • Players must be in their own half • Defenders must be at least ten yards from
the ball until the ball is in play. • The ball is in play when it has been kicked
and moved forward…
LAW 8: THE START AND RESTART OF PLAY
Essential Facts Regarding the Start of Play: KICK-OFF • The player taking the kick-off shall not touch the ball
a second time. (“double touch” penalty is an indirect free kick for opposing team.)
• A goal may be scored directly from a kick-off. • The kick-off shall be retaken for any infringement
occurring before the ball is in play…
LAW 8: THE START AND RESTART OF PLAY
Essential Facts Regarding the Start of Play: DROPPED BALL • Play is restarted with a dropped ball
where the ball was when the play was stopped while the ball was in play: – following an injury where no foul occurred. – for outside interference...
LAW 8: THE START AND RESTART OF PLAY
Essential Facts Regarding the Start of Play: DROPPED BALL
– for needed repairs to the ball or field equipment…
– for any cause not mentioned in the Laws…
LAW 8: THE START AND RESTART OF PLAY
Essential Facts Regarding the Start of Play: DROPPED BALL • Ball is in play once it has touched the
ground. • Retaken if it is touched by any player
before it has touched the ground or if it goes out of play without being touched by a player…
LAW 9: THE BALL IN AND OUT OF PLAY
• Essential Facts Regarding Ball In and Out of
Play: • The ball remains in play until the entire ball has
crossed the outside edge of either the goal line or touch line either on the ground or in the air.
• The ball is out of play when the referee has stopped play.
• The ball remains in play unless signaled out of play by the referee…
LAW 10: THE METHOD OF SCORING
• The ball must completely cross the goal line between the goalposts and under the crossbar (legally) for a goal to be scored.
• Only the referee may award or disallow a goal. • The referee may accept the opinion of a neutral
assistant referee regarding a possible goal that the referee did not see.
• The position of the ball is what matters, not the position of the goalkeeper…
LAW 11: OFFSIDE
Essential Facts Regarding Offside: Sit back relax and enjoy the ride!
You are offside if, in the opinion of the referee, you gain an advantage from being
ahead of the ball when it is touched or played by a teammate…
LAW 11: OFFSIDE
QUESTIONS?
LAW 11: OFFSIDE
POSITION 1.Ahead of the ball, and 2.In the opponent’s half of the field, and 3.Behind the 2nd-to-last defender
A player in offside position may not participate in that play…
LAW 11: OFFSIDE
POSITION
WHEN JUDGED?
When ball is touched or played by a teammate…
LAW 11: OFFSIDE
POSITION
Not a violation to be in offside position.
What happens next?...
LAW 11: OFFSIDE
INVOLVEMENT 1.Interfering with play, or 2.Interfering with an opponent, or 3.Gaining an advantage by being in that
position…
LAW 11: OFFSIDE
EXCEPTIONS
1. Throw in 2. Corner kick 3. Goal kick
LAW 11: OFFSIDE
RESTART
• The punishment for being offside is an indirect free kick for the opposing team.
• The indirect free kick is taken from the location of the offside player…
LAW 12: FOULS AND MISCONDUCT
Essential Facts Regarding Fouls: • Indirect Free kick fouls • Direct Free kick fouls • Cautionable Offenses – yellow card • Sending Off Offenses – red card…
LAW 12: FOULS AND MISCONDUCT
Essential Facts Regarding Fouls: DIRECT FREE KICK FOULS • Seven require that the fouls be committed carelessly, recklessly, or with excessive force. • The other three require only that they be committed…
Law 13: Free Kicks
Read the book!...
Law 14 The Penalty Kick
Read the Book!...
Law 15: The Throw-in
Essential Facts Regarding Throw-In: • Ball crosses completely over a touchline • Team that last touched the ball, loses possession • Opposing team takes the throw-in from the point
where the ball left the field. • The thrower must face the field and part of both feet
must remain on or behind the touch line. • The ball must be thrown with both hands from
behind and over the head….
Law 15: The Throw-in
• The ball is in play as soon as it is both released and has entered the field of play.
• No “double touch” (penalty is an indirect free kick for the opposing team from the point of the infraction).
• If the ball is improperly thrown in, it shall be retaken by a player of the opposing team.
• A goal may not be scored directly from a throw-in. • Defender can’t interfere – must stay back at least
two yards….
Law 16: The Goal Kick
Essential Facts Regarding Goal Kick: • Ball crosses the goal line, last touched by the
attacking team • Defending team places the ball anywhere within
the goal area. • The ball is in play once it has been kicked beyond
the penalty area. • Opposing players must remain outside the penalty
area until the ball is kicked into play beyond the penalty area….
Law 16: The Goal Kick
• A goal may be scored directly from a goal kick, but only against the opposing team.
• No “double touch” (penalty is an indirect free kick for the opposing team).
• Exception to the Offside Law is permitted for the first person to receive the ball from a goal kick…
Law 17: The Corner Kick
Essential Facts Regarding Corner Kick: • When the ball crosses the goal line, last touched by
defending team • Attacking team places ball within the corner arc
nearest to where it went out. • A goal may be scored directly from a corner kick. • The ball is in play after it has been kicked and
moves. • Opposing players must remain ten yards from the
ball until it is kicked into play…
Law 17: The Corner Kick
• The corner flag must not be moved or removed during the taking of the corner kick.
• No “double touch” (penalty is an indirect free kick for the opposing team).
• Exception to the Offside Law is permitted for the first person to receive the ball from a corner kick…
Read the Law Book
Game Officials are Humans Too!
Thank you…
Read the Law Book
Game Officials are Humans Too!
Coach Training Resources • Today’s Coach Trainers – see Board • www.davisayso.org • www.ayso.org - “coaches” at bottom; games, Catz soccer • www.aysotraining.org – on- line training • www.aysostore.com – supplies, videos, books • Ron Unger – Regional Coach Trainer -
[email protected] • JP Marie – Area Coach Administrator -
[email protected] • Jock Hamilton - Section 2 Coach Trainer/Administrator–
[email protected] • Regional Coach Admin (RCA) - [email protected] • Divisional Coach Admin’s (DCA) – for your Division
Next Step
• U-12 Exam
Techniques
• Dribbling • Ball Control
– Inside of the foot – Sole of the foot – Top of the thigh
• Instep kick • Inside of foot push pass…
Techniques
• Heading – Not to be taught prior to U-12 age groups
• Throw-in • Tackling – front block (not sliding) • Goalkeeping…
