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Connection, concentration and diffusion: mobilizing library services
2nd M-Libraries Conference, Opening Keynote, UBC, Vancouver, 23 June 2009Lorcan Dempsey, VP OCLC
Dave225 4:00am thought about conference keynotes - if you get more than a few nuggets of wisdom from a keynote, you need to read more.7:13 AM May 27th from web
Dave225 @lorcanD … My 4am point was that a keynote can only speak broadly & can rarely connect to your needs11:38 AM May 27th from TwitterFox
Prelude:
normal
if unevenly distributed
http://www.annelyjudafineart.co.uk/
Presidential election 08/09
Brownpau. http://www.flickr.com/photos/brownpau/2788253333/
American IdolVoting participation
Acquired by Amazon“We are an image recognition based mobile marketing company. Our Snap.Send.Get™ solution converts any image into a 100% opt-in interactive mobile ad”
http://www.freshlymobile.com/uw-mobile-usage-statistics/UW%20Mobile%20Stats-Details/David Morton, U Washington
Three related thoughts
1. Expectations
2. Consumer switchGreater investment and innovation in
consumer/retail space than in education/work space.
Gmail?PLE?
3. Workflow switchYou need to fit into my workflow. I won’t
fit into yours.
Mobile communications is more about communications than
about mobility
Diffusion of communications andcomputational capacity into a growing part of our research, learning and social lives.
Mobile communications more widely adopted more quickly than any other technology.Manuel Castells
Generations …
Youth culture that finds in mobile communications an adequate form of expression and reinforcement …
There is a clear correspondence between the emergence of a global youth culture, the networking of social relationships, and the connectivity potential provided by wireless communications …Manuel Castells et al
Safe autonomy: management of autonomy and security
Changed pattern of sociability: selective construction of peer groupssupported by accessibility and micro-coordination
Collective and individual identityHigh value associated with consumption, fashion, …
Games and entertainmentBased on Castells et al
Networks 1
Clouds and crowds
Concentration and diffusion
Mesh
Multiple connection points
Offer different grades of experience (the desktop, cell phone, xBox or Wii, GPS system,
smartphone, netbook, …).
Optimized for different purposes.
Cloud
Move to the cloud a natural accompaniment of a mesh of connection points.
Available on the network across multiple devices and environments.
Concentration – network level
Diffusion - workflow
This means that an exclusive focus on the institutional Web site as the
primary delivery mechanism and the browser as the primary consumption environment is increasingly partial.
BBC
From a conceptual point of view, the widgetization adopted by Facebook, iGoogle and netvibes weighed strongly on our initial thinking. We wanted to build the foundation and DNA of the new site in line with the ongoing trend and evolution of the Internet towards dynamically generated and syndicable content through technologies like RSS, atom and xml. This trend essentially abstracts the content from its presentation and distribution, atomizing content into a feed-based universe. Browsers, devices, etc therefore become lenses through which this content can be collected, tailored and consumed by the audience. [BBC Internet Blog]
American Idol
‘Consumable’ siteDownloadsGamesVideos
Voting participation
Community
Links to youtube, iTunes etc
Features
Atomization• Snippets, ringtones, tags,
ratings, feeds, abstracts, …
Action-oriented • Find out• Get - Pay• Vote – rank, relate,
recommend• Share - with selective social
networkAttention• Rank, relate, recommend• Specialized (course)• Get to relevance quickly• At point of need• Location aware
Aggregate
• Use other platforms as appropriate
Networks 2
Change how we coordinate ourresources to achieve goals.
Incremental social synchronization: micro-coordination
But they’re really nice! OK .. See you there at 3 …
On demand space: the example of Starbucks Ad hoc rendezvous
Timeshifting
Bristol University survey:More video on networkhttp://ancientgeeks.wordpress.com/2007/03/30/what-do-students-use-the-internet-for/#more-8
Space
The fact that people are no longer tied to specific places for functions such as studying or learning, says Mr. Mitchell, means there is a ‘huge drop in demand for traditional, private, enclosed spaces’ such as offices or classrooms, and simultaneously ‘a huge rise in demand for semi-public spaces that can be informally appropriated to ad hoc workspaces’.
In the 20th Century architecture was about specialized structures – offices for working, cafeterias for eating, and so forth.
William Mitchell, Economist, Apr 10th 2008
http://www.economist.com/specialreports/displaystory.cfm?story_id=10950463 (pay wall)
zipcarZipcar’s available vehicles report their positions to a control centre so that members of the scheme can find nearby vehicles through a web or phone interface. Cars are unlocked by holding a card, containing a wireless chip, up against the windscreen. Integrating cars and back-office systems via wireless links allows Zipcar to repackage cars as a flexible transport service. Each vehicle operated by Zipcar is equivalent to taking 20 cars off the road, says Mr Griffith, and an average Zipcar member saves more than $5,000 dollars a year compared with owning a car.
“Connected cars”, which sport links to navigation satellites and communications networks—and, before long, directly to other vehicles—could transform driving, preventing motorists from getting lost, stuck in traffic or involved in accidents. And connectivity can improve entertainment and productivity for both driver and passengers… There is also scope for new business models built around connected cars, from dynamic insurance and road pricing to car pooling and location-based advertising. “We can stop looking ata car as one system,” says Rahul Mangharam, an engineer at the University of Pennsylvania, “and look at it as a node in a network.”
Connected cars
Economist June 6-12 2009
http://www.economist.com/displaystory.cfm?story_id=13725743
Fragmentation
• Behaviors– Residents and visitors
• Grades of experience– Phone, Desktop, …
• Preferred communication channels– FB, Twitter, Texting, email, ….
For residents and visitors see Dave White http://tallblog.conted.ox.ac.uk/index.php/2008/07/23/not-natives-immigrants-but-visitors-residents/
Libraries
• Then: vertically integrated around collection
• Now: moving apart in network environment
Space Expertise
CollectionsSystems and services
SpaceInfrastructure <> customer relations
• Opportunity cost • Changes in social and academic aspects of learning require space.
Connaway et al: data from an ongoing study of Virtual Reference Servicesindicate that even where people are physically in the library they mayprefer to use chat reference than seek out a f2f encounter. Personal communication from Lynn Silipigni Connaway (29 July 2008) based on unpublished analysis of telephone interviews in the Seeking synchronicity: Evaluating virtual reference services from user, non–user, and librarian perspectives project, athttp://www.oclc.org/research/projects/synchronicity/default.htm.
Value
• Higher value activity– Access to scarce resources –
people, equipment, specialist advice, exhibition, …
– Cognate activities – GIS, reading, ..
• Open?• Ad hoc rendezvous• Manage academic and
social aspects of learning
Gleason Lib, U Rochester, S Gibbons
People: a signed network presence
The challenge for libraries is to make themselves invisible, by delivering services into user workflows in network environments.
Libraries must also demonstrate value in the context of growing competition for resources. This suggests that it is important for the library itself, its people, to become more visible .
• Marketing and assessment• Physical presence and engagement• Interact with research and learning practices• Available when the work is happening– 2 am?
• A ‘signed’ network presence
Case Western Reserve U
Indiana UU Washington
Collections, systems and services
Mobilize into workflow
Add community
What is the record?
Collections
Licensed• Commoditization of journal
literature – get what you want from 3 or 4 suppliers?
Books• Increasing digital availability
– Amazon, Google, …
Institutional outputs• Video, podcast, …• Digitized materials, …• Location: institution,
network level
Personal• Photos, presentations,
coursework, …• Institutional responsibility?
…
Books in 20 years?Mike Shatzkin
• Publishers: connect databases to networks
• Publishers: understand communities of content consumers
• Publishing skills applied to aggregations – niche or nugget
• All in the cloud. Tethered.• Subscription models common;
per-item sales relatively rare• Crowd-sourced content;
crowd-sourced editing and curation; tagging organizing
• Multiple reading devices• POD
http://www.idealog.com/stay-ahead-of-the-shift-what-publishers-can-do-to-flourish-in-a-community-centric-web-world
Services and systems
Reconfigure
Enhance
Mobilize existing services
• Reference/enquiry• Collections to go
(on a drive etc)• Presentations/visibility
(videos and podcasts about library activity)
• Alerting/current awareness
• Mobile sites• Communications and
referral• Booking
(rooms, equipment, …)• Syndication
(FB, Twitter, RSS, widgets, toolbars, …)
Some systemic service issues
• Socializing• Personalizing• Specialising • Atomizing
• Licenses• Management• Scale
Reading avoidance: Carole PalmerPpt: http://www.oclc.org/programsandresearch/dss/ppt/dss_palmer.ppt
Attention
Scale
Specialist
Consumer environment
Library Network services
ProcessingStoragePreservationReplication
DiscoverySocial networkingAnalysisVisualization
Prefabricated: LMS, …Composition environments: FB, igoogle, FireFox, ..Bricolage: RSS, …
Cf Tile. http://www.sero.co.uk/jisc-tile.html
Social sitesReading sitesCommunityDigital assets
Aggregations
Thank you
http://orweblog.oclc.org
http://www.twitter.com/lorcand