Connective Tissue

Characteristics•Is abundant makes up parts of organs

•Consists of cells separated by abundant extracellular matrix

•Structure is diverse and performs a variety of functions

• Encloses(around organs) & separates(layers between muscle, vessels, & nerves

• Connects(tendons are cable that connect muscle to bone

• Support & moves (cartilage & bones supports joints move

• Storing (fat energy bones minerals)

• Cushion & Insulate(adipose pads organs/conserve heat

• Transport(blood moves subs)

• Protect(Immune cells fight toxins/Bones shield for injury

Extra cellular matrix

• Has 3 main components

• These components give connective tissue their functional characteristics

• Ex bone bearing weight/tendons withstanding tension/blood moving substances

• 1.Protein fibers• 2.Ground substance

such as protein & nonprotein materials, macrophages, mast cells, lymphocytes, collagen, reticular, elastic, fibroblasts, osteoblasts, & chondroblasts

• 3.Fluid

Fibrocartilage

• Function:flexible capable of withstanding pressure

• Location:symphysis pubis, intervertebral discs, knee & jaw joints

• Structure:collagen fibers arranged in thick bundles,elastin, & chondrocytes

Hyaline Cartilage

• Function: reduces friction at ends of long bones, basis for making compact bone

• Location: at the ends of long bones, where ribs attach to sternum, nose, and embryonic skeleton

• Structure: chrondrocytes, elastin, collagen, firm,

smooth, & glassy

Elastic Cartilage

• Function: provides rigidity with flexibility so elastic fibers return to original shape after stretching

• Location: ex. ear, epiglottis, & ear tubes

• Structure:elastic fibers,collagen, proteoglycans, & chondrocytes

Compact Bone

• Function: provides great strength, support by forming shell, stores minerals

• Location: outer portions of bones & shafts of long bones

• Structure: hard matrix made of osteocytes, lacuna, central canal,and lamellae

• Vascular

Cancellous Bone

• Function: has scaffolding to provide strength & support w/o weight of compact bone

• Location: ends of long bone, b/t skull bones, inside vertebra, & pelvis

• Structure: lattice scaffolding with trabeculae, & spaces holding hemotopeotic tissue

Dense Regular Collagenous

• Function: ability to withstand great pulling forces in direction of fibers, & stretch resistant

• Location: tendons & ligaments

• Structure: matrix composed of collagen fibers running in the same direction

Adipose tissue

• Function: to protect organs, hold vitamins, insulates

• Location: around organs, under skin

• Structure: composed of adipocytes (open ringlets of fluid)

Dense regular elastic connective

• Function: capable of stretching & recoiling in direction of fiber

• Location:ligaments b/t vertebrae(nuchal),

& vocal cords• Structure:matrix of

regularly arranged collagen fibers, elastin, fibroblasts

Loose or areolar connective

• Function: loose packing or support of other tissues

• Location: widely distributed especially located in the basement membrane, between glands, & muscles

• Structure: elastin,collagen,fibroblast, macrophages & lymphocytes

Reticular Tissue

• Function: frame work of lymphatic tissue

• Location: spleen, lymph nodes, bone marrow, & liver

• Structure: many reticular fibers irregularly arranged

Blood

• Function: production of new blood cells(marrow)

• Location: yellow marrow of bone and in red marrow of cancellous

• Structure: red blood cells and white blood cells