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Denotation vs. Connotation
• Denotation is the dictionary or literal meaning of a word.
• Connotative words create suggestions and evoke emotions in the reader’s mind.
Ms. Jordan
Denotation = Dictionary Definition
If you want to know what a word means – look it up in the dictionary…. book version or online version. That’s simple!
Ms. Jordan
Word Choice Creates and Connotative Effect
Notice the difference…• I love him to the depths of my soul.• I’m really crazy about him.Which one evokes more emotion?
Ms. Jordan
Words Chosen by an Author Can Trick the Reader Into Feeling
Authors choose specific words for a purpose.
Also, the author knows the reader is often unaware of this, which makes it even more effective.
Ms. Jordan
Emotional Impact
Author’s words create connotations
Connotations creates tone
Connotations and tone create emotion
Ms. Jordan
Author’s Tone
Tone is the author’s attitude toward a subject.
An author’s tone is implied. The reader must infer.
The reader must “read between the lines” to infer author’s tone.Ms. Jordan
Examples of Author’s Tone
Through words the author may show the reader that she is…
… depressed, cynical, angry, outraged, sympathetic, positive, sentimental, ironic, vengeful, intense, religious, etc.
Ms. Jordan
More Examples of Tone
• Solemn• Serious• Objective• Personal• Disapproving • Violent• Hostile• Affectionate
Ms. Jordan
Often an author’s tone influences the mood and atmosphere of the plot.
An author’s tone Mood or atmosphereMs. Jordan
Example of Tone-Mood Connection
An author writes a horror novel using a serious and sinister tone.
The tone helps to create a scary atmosphere and a frightened and nervous mood for the reader.
Ms. Jordan
Example Two of Tone-Mood Connection
An author writes a satire using a playful and sarcastic tone.
The tone helps to create a humorous mood for the reader.
Ms. Jordan
Connotation, denotation, emotion, and tone all have an influence on the characterization.
• What kind of person would say certain things?.• How would certain people react differently to
certain words or phrases?
Word Choice and Characterization
Ms. Jordan
Impact on our Reading
Question an author’s choice of words!Authors choose specific words for a
reason.How do words affect the tone, plot,
mood, characters and you as a reader?
Ms. Jordan