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Consequence for U.S. dairy herds of imposing different SCC standards. U.S. milk quality measures. Bulk tank somatic cell count (BT-SCC) Monitored by USDA Data from 4 of 10 FMOs Accounts for nearly 50% of U.S. milk supply Herd test-day somatic cell count (TD-SCC) Herds in DHI - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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H. Duane NormanAnimal Improvement Programs LaboratoryAgricultural Research Service, USDA Beltsville, MD [email protected]
NDHIA – 2011 (1)
Consequence for U.S. dairy herds of imposing different SCC standards
NormanNDHIA – 2011 (2)
U.S. milk quality measures Bulk tank somatic cell count (BT-SCC)
Monitored by USDA Data from 4 of 10 FMOs Accounts for nearly 50% of U.S. milk
supply
Herd test-day somatic cell count (TD-SCC) Herds in DHI Accounts for 94% of U.S. DHI herds
NormanNDHIA – 2011 (3)
U.S. SCC (all breeds)
NormanNDHIA – 2011 (4)
BT-SCC limits
Country
SCC limit(cells/mL)
Australia 400KCanada 500KE.U. 400KNew Zealand 400KNorway 400KSwitzerland 400KU.S. 750K
CA 600K
NMPFproposed SCC limits
Date Cells/mL1-1-2012 600K1-1-2013 500K1-1-2014 400K
NormanNDHIA – 2011 (5)
200
225
250
275
300
325
98 00 02 04 06 08Year
SCC
(100
0s)
U.S. and Canadian SCC
U.S. TD-SCC
QuébecBT-SCC
OntarioBT-SCC
NormanNDHIA – 2011 (6)
150
200
250
300
350
400
90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08Year
SCC
(100
0s)
U.S. and New Zealand SCC
U.S. TD-SCC
New ZealandTD-SCC
NormanNDHIA – 2011 (7)
200225250275300325350
94 96 98 00 02 04 06 08Year
SCC
(100
0s)
U.S. and Irish SCC
U.S. TD-SCC
Irish BT-SCC
NormanNDHIA – 2011 (8)
U.S. versus E.U. SCC monitoring
Individual farmIndividual farmSCC sample
2 consecutive3-month means over limit
3 of 5 consecutive samples over limit
Producer suspension
Geometric mean of 3 monthly BT-SCC
Consecutive monthly BT-SCC
Value used
400K cells/mL750K cells/mLBT-SCC limit
E.U.U.S.Program characteristic
NormanNDHIA – 2011 (9)
Geometric versus arithmetic means
SCC (cells/ml)Example
1Example
2Month 1 400,000 300,000Month 2 500,000 400,000Month 3 600,000 700,000Arithmetic mean 500,000 467,000Geometric mean 493,000 438,000
NormanNDHIA – 2011 (10)
Export concerns E.U. change in SCC sampling point from
bulk truck or plant silo to individual farm 3-month mean (E.U.) used as single
reference for period, which allows more time to reduce future SCC
Geometric mean (E.U.) mathematically lower than arithmetic mean (U.S.) and requires recalculation
NormanNDHIA – 2011 (11)
SCC noncompliance comparison
DHI herds and FMO herds Current E.U. and U.S. SCC standards as
well as 3 NMPF proposed standards Percentage of herds Percentage of milk supply
Examined by month, herd size, and state
NormanNDHIA – 2011 (12)
DHI Data SCS converted to SCC for 14,854 DHI herds
Herd requirements 15–26 tests (Jan. 2009 – Oct. 2010) ≥10 cows for all test days
Herd TD-SCC used as proxy for BT-SCC Each cow SCC weighted by her TD milk yield
NormanNDHIA – 2011 (13)
FMO Data SCC scores (Jan. 2009 – Oct. 2010) from
FMO:
Upper Midwest Central Mideast Southwest
● Included 31,830 producers
NormanNDHIA – 2011 (14)
DHI herd SCC noncompliance – month
NormanNDHIA – 2011 (15)
FMO herd SCC noncompliance – month
NormanNDHIA – 2011 (16)
SCC milk noncompliance in DHI herds -month
NormanNDHIA – 2011 (17)
SCC milk noncompliance in FMO herds -month
NormanNDHIA – 2011 (18)
SCC noncompliance in DHI herds – means*
NoncomplianceSCC standard Herd, % Milk, %750K, current U.S. 0.9 0.2600K, proposed U.S. 2.7 0.7500K, proposed U.S. 6.2 2.0400K, proposed U.S. 14.1 5.8400K, current E.U. 7.8 3.1*November 2009 – October 2010
NormanNDHIA – 2011 (19)
SCC noncompliance in FMO herds – means*
NoncomplianceSCC standard Herd, % Milk, %750K, current U.S. 1.0 0.2600K, proposed U.S. 4.7 1.4500K, proposed U.S. 11.0 3.8400K, proposed U.S. 23.3 10.1400K, current E.U. 16.1 6.7*November 2009 – October 2010
NormanNDHIA – 2011 (20)
SCC DHI herd noncompliance – herd size
NormanNDHIA – 2011 (21)
SCC FMO herd noncompliance – herd size
NormanNDHIA – 2011 (22)
SCC herd compliance – state
Current U.S., 750K
Current E.U., 400K
Proposed U.S., 500K
Proposed U.S., 600K
Proposed U.S., 400K
<5%5–9.9%10–24.9%25–50%
NormanNDHIA – 2011 (23)
Conclusions E.U. changes in SCC enforcement led to
reconsideration of stricter U.S. standards
If 400K U.S. SCC limits were used, noncompliance would be higher than if current E.U. standard was applied
For U.S. producers to meet stricter SCC standards, sound management and culling for milk quality need to be emphasized. Is DHI the answer?
NormanNDHIA – 2011 (24)
Acknowledgment
Many thanks to Jason Lombard, USDA:Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service:Veterinary Services, Centers for Epidemiology and Animal Health, Fort Collins, CO
for providing the results for the FMO herds.
