Constructing the Brazilian Greenhouse Gas

Measurement network

Luciana V. Gatti1, Alexandre Martinewski1, John B. Miller2, Emanuel Gloor3, Luana S. Basso1, Lucas G. Domingues1, Caio S. C. Correia1, V. F. Borges1, M. H. Santos1, H.R. Rocha4, Marcos H. Costa5, Ed Dlugokencky2, A. Crotwell2, Kirk W Thoning2, Pieter

Tans2

1 IPEN/CQMA/LQA (Nuclear and Energy Research Institute), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil2 NOAA/ESRL/GMD (Global Monitoring Division), Boulder, Colorado, US3University of Leeds, School of Geography, UK4IAG/USP Instituto Astronomico e Geofisico, Sao Paulo, Brazil5MCT - Ministry of Science and Technology – Climate Global Change

50% Global Tropical Forest

~ 120Pg above ground biomass

Amazon river discharge ~20% of

Global fresh water input to ocean

~20% Global biodiversity

Vertical Profiles started Dec 2000 – NOAA/CMDL/CCGG

2003 GHG IPEN Lab was constructed in NOAA and

2004 – 2009 GHG analysis at IPEN

(Funded by NASA – Ecology)

2009-2013 – Funded by FAPESP

2006 IPEN/NOAA/INMET started GHG

flasks measures weekly at Arembepe

GAW Global station –

Closed Jan 2010 by INMET

2010 – Started biweekly Vertical Profiles at:

RBA, TAB and ALF

- Coast flasks samples Salinopolis and Natal

379

381

383

385

387

389

391

393

395

9/20/06 4/8/07 10/25/07 5/12/08 11/28/08 6/16/09 1/2/10

CO

2 (p

pm)

CO2 Arembepe - IPEN,NOAA, Ascension

IPEN NOAA

CO2, CH4, N20, SF6 and CO

365

370

375

380

385

390

395

400

00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12

CO

2m

ixin

g ra

tio (

ppm

)

CO2 - mean vertical profile - SAN

ASC RPB SAN

Sampling with Aircraft Vertical Profiles in Amazon Basin

MAGICC System

PFP and PCP

382.00

384.00

386.00

388.00

390.00

392.00

394.00

396.00

11/01/09 01/31/10 05/03/10 08/02/10 11/02/10 02/01/11 05/04/11 08/03/11 11/03/11

CO

2 m

ixin

g r

ati

o (

pp

m)

CO2 RBA

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

370 375 380 385 390 395 400 405

altit

ude

(m)

CO2 (ppm)

Rio Branco

382.00

384.00

386.00

388.00

390.00

392.00

394.00

396.00

Aug-09 Nov-09 Feb-10 May-10 Aug-10 Nov-10 Feb-11 May-11 Aug-11 Nov-11

CO

2m

ixin

g ra

tio (p

pm

)

ASC RPB TAB

TAB

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

375 380 385 390 395 400 405 410

alti

tud

e (m

)

CO2 (ppm)

Tabatinga70 120 170 220 270

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

377 382 387 392

CO (ppb)

alti

tud

e (m

)

CO2 (ppm)

TAB (8/26/11)

380

382

384

386

388

390

392

394

396

398

01/01/10 04/11/10 07/20/10 10/28/10 02/05/11 05/16/11 08/24/11C

O2

mix

ing

rat

io (

pp

m)

CO2 ALF

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

380 382 384 386 388 390 392 394 396 398 400 402

alti

tud

e (

m)

CO2 (ppm)

Alta Floresta

0

500

1000

1500

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2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

370 380 390 400 410

SAN

Flask sampling in surface in Brazilian coast sites

CH4 Vertical Profiles

CH4 concentration

Portable Compressor

unit and Flask Unit

Determining background:

fractions of NH and SH Air

t

dzCC

F

km

z

bggásSITEgás

gás

∫=

−=

4

0

])()[(Background

ASCASCRPBRPBbggás CfCfC +=)(

Determining background: SF6

as transport tracer

ASCRPB

RPBASC

RPBSANASC

ff

CC

CCf

−=−−=

1365

370

375

380

385

390

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

CO

2 m

ixin

g ra

tio (

ppm

)

ASCRPBThis studyFortaleza

Back trajectories that arrives in the aircraft sites 0.5; 2 and 4km

Constructing a Brazil Network in

Climate Change Observation System

-Vertical Profiles-CO2, CH4, N2O,

CO and SF6

Constructing a Brazil Network in

Climate Change Observation System

-Towers

CO2 flux towerEddy covariance

- Create a protocol for tower measures

with automatic calibrations

- Central Laboratory Facilities (LQA/IPEN)

for calibrate all standards used in GHG

measures

- Comparison program with towers using

flasks

Thank you

NOAA/ESRL/GMDNASAWMONERCFAPESPMCT/BRAZIL GOV.