Construction Crane Rule

8/10/2019 Construction Crane Rule

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Rigging, Signals, PowerLine Safety & Assembly /

Disassembly in

Construction SafetyStandard WAC 296-155

Chuck Lemon

Crane Safety Manager


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Topics to be Covered

Crane Requirements for Const.ActivitiesRigging & Signal Person

Part L Changes

Power Line Requirements

Assembly / Disassembly


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296-155-Part L Phase 1- Effective January 1, 2010 (Crane Safety Rule)

Crane Certification

Operator Certification

Crane Types

Includes: Mobile, Articulating, Tower craneswhen used in the construction industry


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296-155-Part L Cranes Included (performing construction activities)

Mobile Cranes Crawler Cranes

Lattice Boom Hydraulic Telescoping Boom

Articulating Rough Terrain Cranes Tower Cranes Self Erecting Tower Cranes

Derricks Digger Derricks

Exempt(crane certification and operator certification)

Cranes


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Washington State Crane Rule Phase 2-Effective February 1, 2012

WAC 296-155, Safety Standards for Construction Workers,

Part L

As effective as OSHA

Incorporated Latest ASME Requirements for Slings and

Rigging Hardware

270 pages


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296-155 Part L

Crane certification

Crane proof load testing-

requirements

Crane certifier qualifications and

accreditation

Crane Operator qualifications and

certification

Signals and Signal personqualifications

Rigging and Rigger qualifications

Crane inspection and operational

requirement

Duties of assigned personnel

Assembly/disassembly

Mobile, Tower, Articulating Overhead

cranes , and Derricks

Wire Rope Inspections

Power line safety

Training

Safety devices and Operational aids

Personnel lifting requirements

Rigging and rigging hardware

Table of Contents (Readers Digest Version)


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Signal Persons Qualifications 296-155-53302


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Signal Person (Required as of Feb 1, 2012) This applies to construction activities which involve cranes,

derricks, and powered industrial trucks wh ich have been

con f igured to hoist and lower by means of a winch or hoo k

A Qualified Signal Person is required when: Point of operation is not in full view of operator

View of direction of travel is obstructed

Site specific safety concerns which the operator or

person handling the load determines it necessary

working near energized power lines and a dedicated

spotteris used, this spotter must also be a qualified

signal person


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Signal Person Qualifications

Qualification Requirements:

Know and understand the type(s) of signalswhich will be used

Competent in the application of the type of

signals used

Have a basic understanding of equipment

operation and limitations, crane dynamics, andboom deflection


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Signal Person QualificationsAs of February 1st, 2012


Verbal orwritten test AND practical test

Documentation from qualified evaluator

must be on site

A Third Party Qualified Evaluator

An Employer Qualified Evaluator

Employer qualification is not portable


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Qualified Rigger (296-155-53306)


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What did the Rule say Before?

WAC 296-155-329 Qualified personRigging.

Qualified personA person who, by possession of a

recognized degree or certificate of professionalstanding, or who, by extensive knowledge, training,

and experience, has successfully demonstrated the

ability to solve or resolve problems relating to the

subject matter. Also has authorization or authority bythe nature of their position to take prompt corrective

measures to eliminate them. The person shall be

knowledgeable in the requirements of this part.


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Riggers (contd)


Know and understand the

requirements of applicable ASMEstandards (such as B30.9,Slings

and B30.26, Rigging Hardware)

Know and understand the type of

sling and hitches used includingremoval criteria for rigging gear

Be competent in the application of

the type of hitches used


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Riggers (contd)


Basic understanding of the applicable

slings, rigging hardware, winch,below-the-hook lifting devices and

their limitations

Know and understand rigging related

conditions, such as load weight

estimation, center of gravity, effect ofangles on rigging components and

basic hand signals, as applicable.


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Riggers (contd)

Qualification Documents:

(July 31, 2012) Changed to:

(February 1, 2013)

Written andPractical test

Documentation from qualified

evaluator must be on site A Third Party Qualified Evaluator

An Employer Qualified Evaluator

Employer's qualification is not

portable


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Qualified Rigger Whenrequired: During hoistingactivities whileAssemblingor

Disassembling a crane or derrick

Whenever workers are : Hooking, unhooking, guiding the load or

in the initial connection of a load to a component or

structure andare within the fall zone

This applies to all con struct ion mater ial handl ingactivit ies, including cranes, derricks, powered industrial

trucks, excavators, backhoes , loaders, come-a-longs,

chain falls, etc. The Department is looking at developing a

separate set of requirements for Material Handling not

involving Cranes.


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Qualified Riggers and Signal Persons

Qualified Rigger________________________________

Date _______________________

Rigging Type:

Chain Slings

Wire Rope

Synthetic

Metal Mesh

Rigging Hardware:

Shackles

Turnbuckles

Eye Bolts

Wire Rope Clips

Third Party Evaluator __________________________

Employer Evaluator ___________________________

Evaluator Signature___________________________

Evaluator Company____________________________

The employer must make the documentation for whichever option is usedavailable at the site while the rigger or signal person is employed by the

employer.

The documentation must specify each type of rigging and signaling type

The documentation must specify each type of signalingSample Documentation

Qualified Signal Person__________________________

Date _______________________

Signaling Type:

Voice

Hand

Radio

Other_______________

Crane Type:

Mobile

Tower

Articulating

Overhead

Third Party Evaluator _________________________

Employer Evaluator ___________________________

Evaluator Signature ___________________________

Evaluator Company____________________________


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Power Line Safety 296-155-53408


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Power Line Safety Requirements(Part L before 2/1/2012)

For energized power lines rated at or

below 50kV the minimum approach

distance shall be 10 ft.

For lines rated over 50 kV., minimum

clearance between the lines and any

part of the crane or load shall be 10

feet plus 0.4 inch for each 1 kV.

over 50 kV., or twice the length ofthe line insulator, but never less than

10 feet


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Power Line Safety Requirements(Table 4)

Minimum Clearance Distances Table

Voltage Minimum clearance distance

up to 50 (kV) 10 (feet)

over 50 to 200 15

over 200 to 345 20

over 345 to 500 25

over 500 to 750 35

over 750 to 1,000 45


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Power Line Safety Requirements

Identify the Work Zone

Define the work zone by

demarcating boundariessuch as flags, or a device

such as arange limit

deviceor a range control

warning deviceandprohibitingthe operator

from operating past those

boundaries.


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If the crane or load COULD get closer than 20/50feet of Power Lines in the Work Zone

Crane operations near power

lines, use one of 3Options Option 1 -Deenergize & GroundPower lines

Option 2 - Maintain 20/50 foot

clearance

Option 3 - Obtain power line

voltage from Utility Owner/Operator

and ensure the crane or rigging

does not get closer than the

distances listed in Table 4


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Power Line Safety Requirements Options 2 and 3require the following:

Conduct a planning meeting with crane

operator, & all workers who will be in the area

of crane & load

This meeting must address the location of the

power lines and the steps that will be

implemented to prevent encroachment-

electrocution

If tag lines are used they must be

nonconductive

Erect elevated warning line, barricade, or line

of signs, in view of the operator, equipped with

flags or similar high-visibility markings

(opt 2 = 20/50 feet; opt 3 = Table 4)


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Nonconductive

Nonconductivemeans that, because of thenature and condition of the materials used,

and the conditions of use (including

environmental conditions and condition of the

material), the object in question has the

property of not becoming energized (that is, ithas high dielectric properties offering a high

resistance to the passage of current under the

conditions of use).


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Power Line Safety Requirements Options 2 and 3 also requires atleast one of the following:

Proximity Alarm *

Dedicated Spotter that is also a

Qualified Signal Person

Range Control Warning Device

Range Movement Limiter

Insulating Link *

*Currently, Proximity alarms

and Insulating Linksdo not

meet the National Recognized

Testing Laboratory (NRTL)

requirements.


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Power Line Safety Requirements If Dedicated Spotter is used, 5 rqmt.must be met:

1. Spotter must be in continuouscontact

with operator

2. Be equipped with a visual aid to assistin identifying minimum clearance

distance

Examplesof visual aid include:

Clearly visible line painted on

ground, clearly visible line ofstations, line-of-site landmarks (such

as a fence post and building corner)


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Power Line Safety Requirements If Dedicated Spotter is used cont.:

3. Be positioned to effectivelygauge

the clearance distance

4. Where necessary, use equipmentthat enables spotter to communicate

directly with operator, such as radio

or telephone

5. Give timely information to theoperatorso that the required

clearance distance can be

maintained


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29

Could you get within 20

feet of a power line?

YES NO

Option #1

Deenergize &

GroundEncroachment

Prevention Measures

Option #3

Ask Utility for

Voltage and

Use Table 4(with minimum

clearance distance)

Option #2

20-foot

Clearance

No Further

Action

Planning Meeting

If Tag Lines are Used, They Must

be Nonconductive

Elevated Warning Lines,

Barricades, or Line of Signs

PLUS (Choose One):

Proximity Alarm*,Spotter, Range

Control Warning Device, Range

Limiter, or Insulating Link*


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Operation INSIDE Table 4

ALLof the following MUSTbe met: (41 items)

Notify Crane Safety Program at L&I

(360) 902-4943 or [email protected]

Employer determines it is infeasible to perform

job without breaching minimum approach

distances After consultation with utility owner/operator it is

determined infeasible to deenergize & ground

power lines orrelocate the power lines


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Operation INSIDE Table 4 cont.

Power Line owner/operator determines the

minimum clearance distance

Hold a planning meeting with utility

owner/operator to determine the procedures

to be followed in order to prevent electrical

contactprocedures must include: Deactivation of device that automatically

reenergizes circuit in event of power line contact

Employ a dedicated spotterSpotter must:


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Be equipped with a visual aid to assist in

identifying the minimum clearance distance

Be positioned to effectively gauge clearancedistance

Use equipment that enables the dedicated spotter

to communicate directly with the operator

Give timely information to the operator

Dedicated spotter must be a Qualified Signal

Person(see WAC 296-155-53302)


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Have an elevated warning line in view of the

operator with high-visibility flags

Use an insulating link* installed at a point

between the end of the load line and the load

All employees who may come into contact

with the equipment must wear gloves rated forthe voltage involved

Use nonconductive rigging


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Use range limiter (if equipped) that is set to

prevent breaching minimum clearance

distance

If tag line is used it must be nonconductive

Barricade a perimeter at least 10 feet away

from crane to prevent unauthorized entry Employees must be prohibited from touching

the load line above the insulating link


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Only essential employees are permitted in the

area of the crane and load

The cranemust be properly grounded

Insulating line hose or cover-up must be

installed by the utility owner/operator

Procedures are documented and available on-site

The following personnel must meet with the

utility owner/operator to discuss procedures:


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Operation INSIDE Table 4 cont. Crane user, crane operator, ALLworkers that will

be in the area of the crane or load

Employer must ensure procedures areimplemented

Employer must identify one person who will

direct the implementation of the procedures

If a problem occurs implementing the

procedures orit is found that the procedures

are inadequate, new procedures must be

developed ordeenergize power lines


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Operation INSIDE Table 4 cont. All safety devices, operational aids must meet

manufacturers procedures for use

The employer must train each employee andcrew member assigned to work with the crane

as follows:

Procedures to be followed to prevent electrical

contact

Information regarding the danger of electrocution

from the operator simultaneously touching the

crane and ground


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Operation INSIDE Table 4 cont. The importance of the operator remaining inside

the cab except where imminent danger of fire,

explosion, or other emergency that necessitates

leaving the cab The safest means of evacuating from the crane

that may be energized

The danger of potentially energized zone around

the crane (step potential) The need for crew in the area to avoid approaching

or touching the crane or load


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Operation INSIDE Table 4 cont. Safe clearance distance from power lines

Power lines are presumed energized unless utility

owner/operator confirms them insulated

The limitations of an insulating link, proximityalarm, and range control device

The procedures to be followed to properly ground

crane and limitations of grounding


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Power Line Safety

Crane assembly/disassembly below energized power

lines is prohibited.

Crane assembly/disassembly inside Table 4 is

prohibited.


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Non-Exempt

Crane

Crane Exempt

52900-53300

Excavator

W /rigging

Excavator

W/O rigging

Forklift W/O

attachment

Forklift W

hook winch

Crane

Certification Yes N/A EXEMPT EXEMPTFollow

296-863

Follow

296-863

Operator

Certification Yes N/A EXEMPT EXEMPTFollow

296-863

Follow

296-863

**QualifiedRigger **

53306

WhenRequired

296-155-55600(1)

WhenRequired

296-155-55600(1)

WhenRequired

296-155-55600(1)

WhenRequired

296-155-55600(1)

WhenRequired

296-155-55600(1)

WhenRequired

296-155-55600(1)

**Qualified

Signal

Person **

53302

When

Required296-155-53406(1)

When

Required296-155-53406(1)

EXEMPT EXEMPT EXEMPTWhen

Required296-155-53406(1)

Power Line

296-155

Part L

Applicable Applicable EXEMPT EXEMPT EXEMPT Applicable

Power Line

296-155

Part IN/A N/A Applicable Applicable Applicable N/A


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Power Lines

296-155-Part L or Part I

Operator

Certification

Equipment

Certification


(Part L 53302)

?

Qualified Rigger

(Part L 53306)

?


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Power Lines

296-155-Part L or Part I


(Part L 53302)

?

Qualified Rigger(Part L 53306)

?

Operator

Certification

Equipment

Certification

863


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Assembly/Disassembly


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Assembly/Disassembly Crane assembly or disassembly must be

controlled by an Assembly/Disassembly (A/D)

Director

Must comply with:

Manufacturer procedures,

or

Employer procedures, which must bedeveloped by a qualified

person.


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Assembly/Disassembly Procedures Assembly/Disassembly procedures must address:

Ways to prevent unintended dangerous movement or

collapse of any part of the equipment;

Adequate support and stability of all parts of the equipment;and

Positioning employees involved in the assembly/disassembly

operation that will minimize their exposure to unintended

movement or collapse of the equipment.

The A/D director must follow any manufacturerprohibitionsthat apply to the assembly/disassembly

operation.


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Assembly/Disassembly Director

Crane assembly or disassembly must be controlled by

an Assembly/Disassembly Director.

An assembly/disassembly director is an individual

who meets the criteria forboth a competent person

and a qualified person, or by a competent person

who is assisted by one or more qualified persons.

TheA/D director must know & understand the

applicable assembly/disassembly procedures.


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The A/D director must ensure that the crew

members understand allof the following: Their tasks

The hazards associated with their tasks

The hazardous positions & locations that they need

to avoid


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Assembly/Disassembly Director must cover

12 Key Hazards with their crew:

1. Adequate site and ground conditions

2. Sufficient blocking for load and stability

3. Suitable boom and jib pick points

4. Identify center of gravity5. Stability for pin removal

6. Consider wind speed and weather


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12 Key Hazards (continued):

7. The suitability of blocking material

8. Verification of the loads for assist cranes

9. Snagging of cables or components

10.Struck by counterweights

11.Boom hoist brake failure12.Loss of backwards stability


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Rigging 296-155-556 - 562 70 Pages

Slings

Chain Wire Rope

Metal Mesh

SyntheticRope Slings, Web Slings, Round Slings

Includes Design

Maintenance & Repair

Testing

Use


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Rigging 296-155-556 - 562

Rigging Hardware Shackles

Turnbuckles

Eyebolts & Eye Nuts

Swivel Hoist Rings

Wire Rope Clips

Wedge Sockets

Includes Design

Maintenance & Repair

Testing

Operation


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Rigging 296-155-556 - 562

Lifting Device by Types Structural & Mechanical Lifters

Vacuum Lifters Lifting Magnets

Grapples

Includes

Design Maintenance & Repair

Testing

Operation


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Questions?

Chuck Lemon

[email protected]