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Krause Fund Research
Spring 2015
Consumer Staples Dr Pepper Snapple Group, Inc. (NYSE: DPS)
Recommendation: HOLD
Analysts
Di Yan
Leslie Wille
Yuqing Fang
Company Overview
Dr Pepper Snapple Group, Inc. (NYSE: DPS) is a leading
integrated brand owner, manufacturer, and distributor of non-
alcoholic beverages in the United States, Canada, and Mexico.
It is headquartered in Plano, Texas. In 2008, Dr Pepper Snapple
was spun off from its parent company Cadbury Schweppes and
started being publicly traded in the U.S. Dr Pepper Snapple has
three business segments including Beverage Concentrates,
Packaged Beverages, and Latin America Beverages. The
Packaged Beverages segment has always been the chief
revenue producer for the company, which created 71% of
revenues in 2014.
Stock Performance Highlights
Market Capitalization $14.85B
Share Outstanding 192.96M
52 Week Range $52.33 – $81.45
Beta Value 0.60
Average Daily Volume 1.03M
Key Statistics
Book Value Per Share $11.89
EPS (ttm) $3.56
Dividend Yield 2.50%
Dividend Payout $1.92
Price/Earnings (ttm) 21.64
Price/Sales (ttm) 2.87
Price/Book (mrq) 12.57
Financial Ratios
Return on Assets (ttm) 8.94%
Return on Equity (ttm) 30.76%
Operation Margin (ttm) 19.25%
Current Ratio 1.17
Debt to Equity 1.1
Current Price $77.79
Target Price $79.95
DPS Is Worth Waiting!
Dr Pepper Snapple has stable revenue growth each year,
with an average increase of 2% from 2010-2014. Since the U.S.
economy is healthy and experiencing an increasing demand in
the consumer staple sector due to the growing population
nationwide, we expect a 1.27% increase in net sales in 2015. In
addition, due to volatile commodity prices in recent months, we
expect approximately a 1% decrease in the proportion of the cost
of goods sold in sales in 2015.
Growth for beverage industry has been sluggish in recent
years, thus we merely estimate a 1.4% continuing value growth
rate for Dr Pepper Snapple after 2019.
Since consumers are increasingly concerned about health
and wellness, they are changing their preferences towards much
healthier drinks. The demand for carbonated soft drinks will
decrease as consumers have shifted towards non-carbonated
beverages such as water, ready-to-drink teas, and sports drinks.
Therefore, if Dr Pepper Snapple cannot effectively anticipate the
changes in consumers’ preferences and then quickly develop
new products in response, its sales could suffer. In addition,
developing and launching new products can be risky and
expensive, and some of its competitors may be better able to
respond to these changes, either of which could negatively affect
its business and financial performance.i
As environmental issues become more of a concern, the
effects that large amounts of plastics and other materials used for
packaged beverages have on it will harm the beverage industry.
12-Month Stock Performance (S&P 500 in Red)
Figuee1: Source: Yahoo! Finance
AprilApril 21, 2015
2
After we analyzed Dr Pepper Snapple by integrating the U.S.
economy, the beverage industry, and its company specific
performance, we expect a fair value of $79.95 for Dr Pepper
Snapple in 2015, which is very similar to the current stock price.
Therefore, we recommend holding Dr Pepper Snapple. The U.S.
economy is expected to grow and continue to be healthy in the
short term. However, since the beverage market in the U.S. is
already mature, the sluggish growth of the beverage industry in
the U.S. slows down the growth of companies within it.
Therefore, it is better for Dr Pepper Snapple to seek overseas
opportunities, although there are risks associated with such
expansion like differences in currency rates and changes in
governmental policies. Although disposable income is expected
to increase, consumer spending has still been soft in recent
months.ii Therefore, we suggest that investors can still wait and
see how Dr Pepper Snapple reacts to the risks it exposes and how
it creates its own strategic advantage over other companies.
Gross Domestic Product
Real Gross Domestic Product is a vital and commonly used
determinant to measure the economic performance of a country.
The Real GDP is defined as the nominal GDP adjusted by the
inflation rate that reflects the market value of goods and services
measured annually.iii Since nearly two-thirds of GDP is driven
by individual’s consumption, it is an important indicator of the
consumer staples sector.
According to the graph below by the Federal Reserve Bank of St.
Louis, the U.S. Real GDP has historically remained in an upward
trend except during the recessions.
Figure2: Source: Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louisiv
Below is a chart showing the percentage change of Real Gross
Domestic Product. As seen in the chart, the Real GDP increased
by 2.5% on average in 2014, with -2.1%, 4.6%, 5.0%, and 2.2%
in quarters 1-4 respectively.
Figure 3: Source: Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louisv
Based on the projections of authority institutions, including the
International Monetary Fund, the European Commission, and the
Federal Reserve, the Real GDP in 2015 will increase
approximately 3.15%, and 3.06% in 2016.vi Furthermore, new
job openings will give more opportunities to people and boost
the economy. However, the impact of the federal funds rate
adjustment in 2015 on stocks, along with the economic
slowdown in the Eurozone, will also slow down the growth of
the U.S. GDP. In addition, the decrease the CCI in January and
soft spending in February indicate that people prefer saving more
than spending. Therefore, we predict that the Real GDP will
increase by 2.6%, as it did in the last quarter of 2014, within the
next six months. We also estimate that the Real GDP will
increase approximately 3.0% in the next 2-3 years.
Unemployment Rate
We think it is an important indicator because unemployment
rates can reflect the well-being of an economy in a country. For
example, during the 2007-2009 recession, the unemployment
rate was remarkably high and reached 10% in 2009.
Alternatively, when an economy stays healthy, it experiences a
low unemployment rate.
As seen in the graph below by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the
unemployment rate gradually recovered to a lower rate after the
recession in 2008 and 2009.vii
Figure 4: Source: Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louisviii
Since 2010, the unemployment rate has continued to decrease by
an average of 0.1% each year. Additionally, the unemployment
rate decreased to 5.5% by February this year and held steady at
5.5% in March. Based on the projections of International
3
Monetary Fund, European Commission, and the Federal Reserve,
the unemployment rate in 2015 will be approximately 5.6%, and
5.4% in 2016. ix Referring to the news posted on the Board of
Governors of the Federal Reserve System, “labor market
conditions have improved further with strong job gains and a
lower unemployment rate.” Hence, we predict that the
unemployment rate will probably not change a lot in the short
term, it will only decrease by 2%, as compared to 5.8% in the
fourth quarter of 2014 since jobless people still need time to find
work. In the long term, our group predicts that the
unemployment rate will remain low and stay around 5.5%.x
We believe that the low unemployment rate will have positive
impacts on consumer staple sectors. Lower unemployment rate
can indicate an increase in purchasing power of customers, and
thus promotes consumer spending.
Consumer Price Index
The CPI is important for understanding the consumer staples
industry because it reflects changes in price due to rising costs of
food, beverages, drugs, personal and household items, tobacco,
and alcohol.xi The CPI has risen at a relatively steady rate for the
last 10 years, due in part to a rise in food and beverage prices.
The price of meat, grains, fruits and vegetables, and dairy
products have increased in the last several years due to droughts,
disease among animals, extremely cold weather, and a citrus
greening disease in Florida. In general, the price of all foods and
beverages using ingredients from these categories were affected
by the calamities. This is due to the fact that the price of products
not directly affected rose when more people started to turn to
cheaper options, thusly causing them to go into higher demand.xii
Since the minimum wage has also increased substantially in the
last ten years, prices within the beverage industry have increased
because the average American can afford to pay higher prices for
their drinks.xiii
Below is a graph representing the steady rise in the CPI from
1990-2014.xiv
Figure 5: Source: Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
CPI increased 2.04% last year and 1.93% on average in the last
three years. xv So, the inflation rate is steadily increasing.
We believe the CPI for the consumer staples industry will
continue to steadily increase by about 2% in the short term, and
by 2.2% in the next two-three years. We believe it will be very
similar to the national expected inflation rate because there will
only be a small level of growth within the industry. Although an
increase in the minimum wage may cause the CPI to decrease to
some degree, it will likely be offset by increases in the price of
consumer goods. xvi , xvii In conclusion, an increasing CPI will
cause consumers to have less confidence in the consumer staples
industry because they will have less purchasing power.
Interest Rate
The federal funds rate is the interest rate at which banks and
other depository institutions lend money to each other.
Increasing the federal funds rate will decrease the supply of
money and increase short-term interest rates, and vice versa.xviii
Therefore, the federal funds rate can be seen as a benchmark for
analyzing interest rates in financial markets. The federal funds
rate has been at a low level of 0.25% for more than 4 years after
the 2008 financial crisis.
Figure 6: Source: Trading Economics | U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis
According to the data retrieved in Brankrate (n.d.), the prime rate
has been 3.25% for a year. Therefore, we believe that within the
next 6 months, the prime loan rate will remain unchanged or
change very little until the federal funds rate is adjusted to some
extent. We are more likely to expect the interest rate at the end of
June 2015 to be 3.20%-3.30%. xix Thus, companies in the
consumer staples sector still can save a lot in cost of debt, and
this will give rise to a good stock performance within 6 months.
This is due to the fact that a lower cost of debt will result in
lower interest expenses and more free cash flows to raise
investors’ estimate for the company’s stock price.
According to the long-term forecast from Mortgage-X, the prime
loan interest rate will increase to approximately 4.00% at the end
of 2015. We expect the interest rate to achieve at least 4.75% in
the next 2-3 years.xx
Demographics
The population in America is expected to increase by another
100 million people by 2050. The number of people aged 65 and
older are expected to increase from 13%-20% by the middle of
the century, but the working class is estimated to increase by
42%. Birth rates are also expected to escalate causing a small
population bubble. This is because the children of the youngest
baby boomers will begin to have children of their own, and the
4
grandchildren of the early baby boomers will begin to have
babies as well. Birth rates in the U.S. have been higher in the last
decade than they have in the last 45 years.xxi
Below is a chart representing expected population growth in the
United States between 2010 and 2050.xxii
Figure 7: Source: The American Century
Greater amounts of consumer goods, including staple items such
beverages, will need to be produced to support such large
population growth. This will cause the consumer staples industry
to grow, but it will be at a very gradual rate as the population
expands throughout the next 35 years.xxiiiWe expect the industry
to grow by approximately 1.5-2% in the next 2-3 years due the
population boom and the rise in Real GDP.
Capital Market Outlook
The market outlook for the beverage industry is positive. Real
GDP is expected to increase by 3% in the short term, giving rise
to a healthier economy. Unemployment is expected to decrease
by .2%, which will also give a boost to consumer staples
industries and increase purchasing power. CPI is anticipated to
increase by 2%, and interest rates will remain low. We believe
that the positive changes in Real GDP and unemployment rates
will outweigh the effects of a rising CPI and low interest rates on
the industry. The population is also expected to grow
considerably in the next 20 years, which will raise demand for
staple items.xxiv For these reasons, we estimate that the beverage
industry will grow by approximately 1.4% in the next 5 years.
We believe it will perform better in 5 years than in the next year
because an increase in population and employment rates will take
time.
The table below demonstrates how sectors within the consumer
staples industry have performed relative to each other in the S&P
500 in the last 5 years. In general, those that have performed the
best are food and staples retailing, tobacco, beverages, and food
products.xxv
Figure 8: Source: Fidelity, “Consumer Staples”
Industry Overview
The non-alcoholic beverage industry in the consumer staples
sector covers eight main product lines: carbonated soft drinks,
sports beverages, bottled water, energy drinks, fruit drinks,
value-added water, ready-to-drink tea, ready-to-drink coffee.xxvi
Figure 9: Source: Beverage Industry Analysis 2014
Major players, including Dr Pepper Snapple, Coca-Cola,
PepsiCo, Monster, and National Beverage, in this mature
industry compete with each other intensely. However, the
beverage industry is quite a defensive industry that it is not
sensitive to the changes in economic and financial environment.
Companies in this industry create revenues simply by
manufacturing beverages, though some companies, like Monster,
will outsource their manufacturing process and earn the margins
from such.
Industry Trend and Recent Developments
Based on the Beverage Industry Analysis in 2014, people tend to
choose more healthy drinks. For example, the consumption of
energy drinks, soft drinks, and high-caloric coffee has been
falling, while the price of bottled water has remained
competitive. xxvii According to respondents of the beverage
industry’s annual New Product Development Outlook survey,
51% of companies plan to launch new products in 2015. In
addition, “high protein” and “natural” are most likely to be the
latest trends for 2015.xxviii Another trend is a shift in consumers’
preference towards non-carbonated beverages like ready-to drink
tea and coffee and bottled water.xxix
The most recent trends in the beverage industry indicate a
preference change of people towards healthier beverages, which
5
is a positive sign for the whole consumer staple industries since
healthier beverages are usually more expensive than carbonated
soft drinks. However, since people are more concerned about
environmental issues, using more eco-friendly bottles and cans
will be a future trend in the beverage industry.
Competitive Landscape
The beverage industry within the U.S. is somewhat mature, and
has three major players, the Coca-Cola Company, PepsiCo Inc.,
and Dr. Pepper Snapple Group. The Coca-Cola owns
approximately 29.5% of the soda market within the U.S., while
PepsiCo owns an estimated 20.3%, and Dr Pepper Snapple
Group controls 9.9%.xxx Each has reached economies of scale
and which makes it difficult for new entrants to come into the
market. The main threat of new entrants exists overseas, where
there is expected to be a large amount of growth in the industry
in the long term.xxxi
Growth in store brands in the beverage industry has remained
stagnant in the last 2-3 years because they have a hard time
entering the market due to market domination by the major
players in the industry. This is true in the beverage industry
because PepsiCo Inc. and the Coca-Cola Company have a large
amount of global sales and spend a huge amount of time on
marketing and innovation.xxxii In addition, the average consumer
also is more willing to spend more on staple items, like
beverages, as the economy recovers from the recession of 2008
because they have a greater amount of purchasing power. So
they are more likely to trade up from store brand products to
brand name products. xxxiii For these reasons, we expect Dr
Pepper Snapple Group sales to increase by 1.27%-1.81% in the
next two years.
Companies within the beverages industry are expected to achieve
higher product margins and will therefore earn higher profits in
the short term as the price of beverages rise due to inflation.xxxiv
Although commodity costs have been volatile, net profits are
still expected to increase for major companies in the industry due
to their ability to hedge. xxxv This is demonstrated in the
forecasted income statement below; we expect Dr Pepper
Snapple Group’s net earnings to increase by 0.83 % on average,
over the next 5 years.
Although the market for soft drinks is expected to decrease in the
next five years because of rising health awareness among
consumers, each of major manufacturers’ sales are expected to
remain high due to refreshed product lines and an increase in “all
natural products.xxxvi So, PepsiCo Inc., the Coca-Cola Company,
and Dr. Pepper Snapple Group, will likely continue to be major
players within the industry.xxxvii
Key Investment Positives and Negatives
The positive news for the beverage market is that the population
is expanding both nationally and globally. Hence, there will be
an increased demand for beverages worldwide.xxxviii Dr Pepper
Snapple will target fast growing population segments, such as
the Hispanic community in the U.S., to drive its market growth
since it has already been a leader of flavored CSD beverage
markets in the U.S. In addition, Dr Pepper Snapple will focus to
grow its brands by continuously providing new solutions to meet
consumers' changing preferences and needs. Its solutions include
new and reformulated products, improved packaging design, and
pricing and enhanced availability. xxxix According to Beverage
Industry Magazine, Dr Pepper Snapple announced a number of
new products for 2015, including Snapple Whoa-Conut, Snapple
Straight Up, Snapple Lady LiberTea, and Mott’s Tropical Ba-
Na-Na. About 54% of the company’s innovation pipeline
focuses on health and wellness products across the non-
carbonated as well as carbonated beverage categories. xl
However, people are becoming more concerned about the
environment in general. The effects that large amounts of
plastics and other materials used for packaged beverages have on
the environment will harm the beverage industry. xli
Catalysts for Growth/Change
Domestic Market: The U.S. population has grown by0.73% in
the last 3 years. xlii This will raise the demand for beverages,
which will keep it healthy.xliii
Environmental Issues: Environmental issues are a concern
for the beverages industry since some materials used to
package beverages take decades to degrade and pollute the
soil. However, the increased use of green materials for
packaged beverages, such as recycled bottles and boxes, can
help mitigate these environmental concerns.xliv
Business Description
Business Segments and Brand Portfolioxlv
Dr Pepper Snapple
operates in three
business segments.
The Packaged
Beverages segment
produced most of
the company’s
revenues in 2014.
Beverage Concentrates: The major products in this segment are
carbonated soft drinks (CSDs), which owned 38.8% market
share in the U.S. Although PepsiCo and Coca-Cola are the two
largest competitors for Dr Pepper Snapple in the packaged
beverages segment, they are its two largest customers in the
beverage concentrates segment. They created 27% and 21% of
Dr Pepper Snapple’s segment revenues in 2014 respectively.
Packaged Beverages: Dr Pepper Snapple manufactures and
distributes not only its own brands, but also third-party owned
Figure 9: Source: NetAdvantage
6
brands and some private label beverages in the U.S. and Canada.
Wal-Mart was the largest customer, which produced 16% of net
sales in this segment in 2014.
Latin America Beverages: In 2014, this segment created net
revenues of $532 million, 91% of which was from Mexican
operations. Carbonated mineral water, vegetable juice, and
grapefruit flavored CSDs were the most popular products in this
segment.
Dr Pepper Snapple offers flavored carbonated soft drinks (CSDs)
and non-carbonated beverages (NCBs), including ready-to-drink
teas, juices, juice drinks, water, and mixers. The company sells
its flavored CSD products primarily under the brands Dr Pepper,
Canada Dry, 7UP, A&W, Crush, Sunkist soda, Schweppes, RC
Cola, and Squirt, and NCB products primarily under the
Hawaiian Punch, Snapple, Mott's, and Clamato brands. Kraft’s
business is mainly based on collaboration with bottlers,
distributors, and retailers.xlvi
Figure 10: Source: Dr Pepper Snapple 2014 10-K
Corporate Strategyxlvii
Enhancement of leading brands: Dr Pepper Snapple will
continue to invest more in leading products, which created the
most revenues and built reputation for the company, to upgrade
the market awareness and boost company profits. Dr Pepper
Snapple will mainly focus on innovating a new marketing
strategy, advancing distribution systems, and going along with
consumer trends to enhance of its leading brands.
Rapid Continuous Improvement (RCI) initiative: In 2011, Dr
Pepper Snapple launched the Rapid Continuous Improvement
(RCI) initiative, which utilized the Lean and Six Sigma methods
to improvement operation efficiency. RCI has improved the
company’s cash productivity by millions of dollars and has
lowered its capital expenditure requirements as well.
Route-to-Market: Investment in Information Technology allows
Dr Pepper Snapple to chase the most recent market data and
remain the top choice for its third-party partners, including
bottling and delivering companies.
Increase Presence in Key Channels: Dr Pepper Snapple aims to
increase its supplies in key channels, including convenience
stores, vending machines, and other independent retail stores, to
improve awareness and enlarge the consumer basis.
Life Cycle
According to the financial data retrieved from NetAdvantage and
Dr Pepper Snapple’s 10-K report, we noticed that its investing
cash flow and financing cash flow were l negative from 2010 to
2014, which indicated that cash flow was used to update capitals
and repay long-term debt. Furthermore, both net sales and net
income fluctuated over a narrow range within 5 years. Therefore,
we believe that Dr Pepper Snapple is currently in the maturity
stage.xlviii
Figure 11: Source: Dr Pepper Snapple 10-K Reports
Financial Summary
Dr Pepper Snapple had stably increasing revenues from 2011 to
2013 and achieved significant progress in revenues during 2014.
Dr Pepper Snapple also realized 12.66% increase in its net
income, compared with an average increase of 1.01% in 2013
and 2012. The decent growth rates of revenues and net income as
well as EPS probably can be attributed to the company’s
emphasis on financial leverage. Dr Pepper Snapple held more
long-term debt in 2014 than it did in the previous three years;
however, its annual capital expenditures have been decreasing
year by year. Besides, Dr Pepper Snapple’s dividend payout also
has been going up since 2011, which is favored by investors.
Overall, Dr Pepper Snapple’s financial performance is
satisfactory in 2014 mainly because of its significant rise in sales
and profitability, and its investor preferred dividend payout
policy.
Figure 12: Source: Yahoo! Finance
Analysis of Recent Earnings Releases
Dr Pepper Snapple Group reported that EPS were $3.59 in 2014.
Compared with last year, EPS increased 17% due to a decrease
in stock shares. Net sales increased 3% in the fourth quarter and
2% in the year. In addition, net income increased by almost 13%
because of the higher net sales, savings on cost of sales and
savings on pension plan withdrawals. The main products that
7
contribute to the sales of Dr Pepper Snapple are beverage
concentrates, packaged beverages, and Latin America beverages.
Among these products, packaged beverages are sold the most
annually. However, Latin America beverages achieved the
highest sales volume increase and the highest sales percentage
increase.xlix
On December 31, 2015, Dr Pepper Snapple estimated that net
sales could be up approximately 1% as compared to the year
ending December 31, 2014. Commodity costs for the year
ending December 31, 2015, could be down approximately 1% on
a constant volume/mix basis as compared to the year ending
December 31, 2014. l
Our group forecasts that the net sales of Dr Pepper Snapple in
2015 will increase by 1.27% compared to the year 2014. Since
commodity prices are expected to have a high volatility in 2015
and Dr Pepper Snapple also faces an increase in logistics and
employee costs from third-party carriers, we expect a lower cost
of goods sold for Dr Pepper Snapple in 2015 with higher selling,
general, and administration costs.li Due to the favorable impact
of fair value hedges and the repayment of 6.12% senior
unsecured notes in May 2013, interest expense decreased
approximately 11% in 2014, compared with the year prior.
Therefore, our group expects that the interest expense will
remain low in 2015.
Products and Markets
Dr Pepper Snapple produces non-alcoholic beverages including
various carbonated soft drinks, lemonade, bottled water, juice,
tea, root beer, mixes, energy drinks, ginger ale, and chocolate
drinks. Its largest market segment is carbonated soft drinks with
a 20.7% market share. lii
As can be seen in the chart above, most of Dr Pepper Snapple’s
revenue is generated from packaged beverages, and sales within
the U.S. liii The beverage concentrates segment is namely
comprised of beverages with lots of sweeteners, artificial syrups,
and flavorings. The Latin America segment includes carbonated
mineral water, fruit and vegetable flavored carbonated soft
drinks, juice, and bottled water. The packaged beverage segment
includes any products that do not fall into either of these
categories, and is namely composed of carbonated soft drinks,
along with some non-carbonated beverages such as juice.
We expect packaged beverage revenues to grow 3.73% in the
next 5 years due to the steady amount of growth expected for the
beverages industry. We do not anticipate it to be as high as the
industry however, because consumers are becoming increasingly
conscious of the environment and unnecessary amounts of
packaging is unfavorable. Revenue from the beverage
concentrates segment is expected to decrease by 1.03% by 2019.
This is because demand for sugary drinks is decreasing due to a
rising level of health awareness among consumers. liv Latin
America beverage revenues are estimated to increase by 9.10%
by 2019 because most of the products in this segment are
healthier than in the other segments, and demand for them is
expected to rise due to consumers’ rising health awareness. lv
Figure 13: Source: MarketLine Advantage
In 2013, 88% of Dr Pepper Snapple Group’s net sales were from
the U.S., 8% were from Mexico, and 4% were from Canada.
49% of Dr Pepper Snapple’s total products were distributed and
sold in the U.S. in 2013. lvi
Dr Pepper Snapple sells to two main types of customers, bottlers
and distributors or retailers. Their largest customer in retail is
Wal-Mart, which accounts for about 12% of their net sales. lviiPepsiCo also had 12% of its sales from Wal-Mart in 2014, and
the Coca-Cola Company had 15%. lviii , lix Dr Pepper Snapple
Group is also working to strengthen brand awareness form
product extensions to encompass new trends emerging within the
beverages industry, such as drinks with less sugar and lipids. lxIn
order to address changing consumers’ needs, they often develop
shopper programs, reformulate their products, and change their
packaging designs. lxi
Products and Distribution Dr Pepper Snapple sells carbonated soft drinks ("CSDs") and
non-carbonated beverages ("NCBs") not only in the U.S, but also
in the Mexico, Canada and the Caribbean. Dr Pepper Snapple
distributes different products to accommodate and satisfy each of
the four markets.
Manufacturing process and distribution: Dr Pepper Snapple
operates 20 manufacturing facilities across the U.S. and
Mexico. They produce 90% of their products and manufacture
beverages in a variety of packaging materials while the
remaining 10% of its products are manufactured by third parties.
Dr Pepper Snapple also has a very effective distribution network
since 113 principal distribution centers and warehouses are
geographically dispersed to ensure products meet consumer
demand. lxii
Raw materials costs and suppliers: Dr Pepper Snapple primarily
uses aluminum cans and ends, glass bottles, PET bottles and
caps, paper products, sweeteners, juice, fruit, water and other
ingredients to make products. The cost of such raw materials can
fluctuate substantially. In addition, the company is significantly
impacted by the changes in fuel costs due to the large truck fleet
operated in its distribution businesses. Dr Pepper Snapple has
contracts with a relatively small number of suppliers. So, it keeps
the use of commodities forward contracts and supplier pricing
agreements to mitigate the exposure to volatility in the prices of
8
certain commodities and hedge the risk of adverse movements in
commodity prices. lxiii Due to the impact of a 10% change (up or
down) in market prices for these commodities where the risk of
adverse movements has not been hedged in December 2014, Dr
Pepper Snapple estimates there to be an increase or decrease of
approximately $21 million to their income from operations for
the year ending December 31, 2015. lxiv
Competition
Dr Pepper Snapple is primarily involved in the non-alcoholic
beverages industry, which is dominated by two giants – Coca-
Cola and PepsiCo, which occupy almost 75% market share.lxv Dr
Pepper Snapple ranked third in the industry, and other key
beverage producers, including Monster Beverage and National
Beverage, also play a crucial role in making this industry highly
competitive by inventing new ingredients and flavors and
creating innovative marketing ideas continuously.
The table below shows financial ratios and comparative values of
the leading companies within the beverage industry compared to
Dr Pepper Snapple. Dr Pepper Snapple has the lowest P/E ratio
among its competitors, implying that Dr Pepper Snapple might
be less attractive to investors. Monster has the highest P/E ratio
compared with other companies. Even PepsiCo and Coca-Cola,
both of which already have very large market capitalizations and
are the most stable and mature companies in this industry, have
lower P/E ratios than Monster. Dr Pepper Snapple also has a
moderate leverage rate (D/E), moderate ROE, and low current
ratio compared with its competitors. Although its EPS ratio is the
second highest among its competitors, Dr Pepper Snapple’s high
EPS might be attributed to the repurchase of stock shares, which
reduces its outstanding shares compared to its competitors.
Figure 14: Source: Yahoo! Finance
Approximately 64% and 17% of Coca-Cola and PepsiCo’s
valuation, respectively, comes from carbonated soft drinks
(CSDs), and 80% of Dr Pepper’s net volume sales are CSDs. In
addition, the domestic market is also a major contributor to those
three companies’ net sales. Therefore, the recent trend in the
deceasing demand for soft drinks in the U.S. will be a risk for all
three companies. The table below shows that the volume and unit
price changed for the 3 largest companies in the carbonated soft
drink industry. Dr Pepper has not been as aggressive as its peers
in terms of price increases. Thus, the total dollar sales of Dr
Pepper Snapple have grown by 0.7%.lxvi
Figure 15: Source: Forbes
In addition to financial performance, we noticed that Dr Pepper
Snapple did have a decent stock performance the last year.
Below is the graph of its one-year stock price change. Before
Coca-Cola announced the purchase of a 17% stake of Monster,
which seemed like a win-win transaction for both companies,lxvii
Dr Pepper Snapple was still the company that maintained the
greatest percentage increase in stock price. Overall, under the
pressure of two giants, Coca-Cola and PepsiCo, and the dark
horse Monster, Dr Pepper Snapple actually performed
satisfactorily in the last 12 months.
Figure 16: Source: Yahoo! Finance
Other Topics
Since 12% of Dr Pepper Snapple Group’s sales are in Canada
and Mexico, the value of the U.S. dollar relative to each
country’s respective currency affects Dr Pepper Snapple’s
earnings.lxviii Currently the value of the U.S. dollar is greater than
both the Canadian dollar and the peso, and it is expected to
remain strong. lxix Unless the value of the Canadian dollar and
the peso increase relative to the U.S dollar, Dr Pepper Snapple
may experience decreased revenue in the short term.
Dr Pepper Snapple owns approximately 2,300 trademarks in the
U.S., Mexico, and Canada, with trademarks for most of its
brands in the U.S. In many other countries, trademarks to some
of their leading brands are owned by other companies or
competitors such as Coca-Cola.lxx
Catalysts for growth/change
Since environmental issues have become more important in
recent years, we expect Dr Pepper Snapple to focus more on
corporate social responsibility, which includes caring more for
the environment, in 2015.
Emerging markets are another business opportunity for Dr
Pepper Snapple since DPS does not have any business in
emerging markets. However, there are also risks associated with
such expansion like differences in currency rates and changes in
governmental policies.
9
S.W.O.T. Analysis
Strengths
Strong brand portfolio: Dr Pepper Snapple covers a wide range
of non-alcoholic beverage brands. It is the #1 flavored CSD
company in the U.S., and is the only major beverage concentrate
company with year-over-year market share growth in the CSD
market in the last five years. Additionally, Dr Pepper, which is
the company’s largest brand, is the second favorite flavored CSD
in the U.S. Dr Pepper Snapple is also continuously launching
innovations and brand extensions for almost 83% of its
brands.lxxi
Broad geographic manufacturing and distribution coverage: As
of December 31, 2013, Dr Pepper Snapple had 18 manufacturing
facilities and 113 principal distribution centers and warehouse
facilities in the U.S., as well as two manufacturing facilities and
eight principal distribution centers and warehouse facilities in
Mexico. In addition, Dr Pepper Snapple’s warehouses are
generally located at or near bottling plants and geographically
dispersed to ensure the products are available to meet consumer
demand.lxxii
Strong operating margins and stable cash flows: The breadth of
Dr Pepper Snapple’s brand portfolio has enabled it to generate
strong operating margins, which have delivered stable cash
flows. These cash flows enable it to consider a variety of
alternatives, such as investing in business, repurchasing shares of
common stock, paying dividends to stockholders and reducing
debt.lxxiii
Weaknesses
Limited worldwide market distribution: Compared to its main
competitors, Dr Pepper Snapple’s targeted areas seem somewhat
narrow; it only acquired the majority of its revenue from
Northern America, including the U.S., Canada, and Mexico.lxxiv
Consumers’ preference toward healthier food: Nowadays, more
and more people are aware of the harm that is caused by having
too many soft drinks and drinks with high calories. However, Dr
Pepper Snapple’s revenue streams are mainly from
manufacturing and distributing soft drinks or other high-sugar
beverages.lxxv
Opportunities
Although the beverages industry in the U.S. is mature, there is
room for the industry to grow in foreign, emerging markets such
as China and Latin America.lxxviDr. Pepper Snapple already has
operations in Latin America, as well as in some other countries,
which could put it ahead of smaller competitors in the long term.
For this reason, we predict that DPS’s percentage of sales due to
beverages in Latin America will increase by 15.6% this year.
Threats
One major threat, which poses itself against Dr. Pepper Snapple,
is governmental regulations throughout North America. In 2013,
new policies in Mexico called for an additional peso for every
liter of carbonated soft drinks sold due to rising concerns about
obesity and health care costs. lxxvii Other federal, state, or city
governments could impose regulations such as these in the
future, which could lower Dr. Pepper Snapple’s annual earnings
considerably.
Dr. Pepper Snapple relies on a few large retailers, such as Wal-
Mart, for a hefty portion of its business.lxxviii This poses a threat
to Dr. Pepper Snapple because if an agreement ended with any of
these companies, their sales would decrease dramatically. Since
several of these retailers are so powerful, they also can resist
efforts made by Dr. Pepper Snapple to increase prices.
We used different valuation models, including the Discounted
Cash Flow/ Economic Profit model, Dividend Discount model
and Relative Valuation model to estimate the intrinsic value of
Dr Pepper Snapple. The following table shows our calculated
results:
The DCF and DDM yield very similar results, but we believe
that the DCF is our best model since it contains most of our
assumptions as compared to the other models. The value
calculated from the Relative P/E model rests upon Dr Pepper
Snapple’s major competitors in the beverage industry. Since only
four peers are comparable to Dr Pepper Snapple, which is a
narrow set, we do not think that Relative P/E model is our best
model.
Revenue Decomposition
DPS is decomposed into three main segments, including
beverage concentrates, packaged beverages, and Latin America
beverages. Since the whole U.S. economy is healthy and the
whole beverage industry is still growing at a very slow rate, our
group expects a total 1.27% increase in the net sales of Dr
Pepper Snapple.
Beverage concentration: According to the analysis from the
IBIS World Report for Dr Pepper Snapple, beverage
concentrates are expected to decline at an annual rate of
0.05% in the next five years. This is mainly because the
demand for sugary juices is declining due to changing
consumer preferences, and most of the beverage
concentrates Dr Pepper Snapple Group produces are for
CSDs, followed by juice. lxxix Therefore, our group mostly
agreed with what the IBIS World Report estimates. We
expect that the beverage concentrates will decrease
approximately 0.05% in the next five years.
10
Packaged beverages: The packaged beverages segment is
the main segment of Dr Pepper Snapple since almost 71% of
sales are from this segment. In 2015, our group forecasts its
net sales will decrease by 0.1% due to sluggish demand in
the CSD space.lxxxIn addition, since people tend to care more
about environment issues, they prefer to choose more eco-
friendly products, which will have a negative influence on
packaged beverages.
Latin America beverages: Since 2013, the Latin America
beverages segment has been growing rapidly, by 11.06% in
2013 and 15.15% in 2014. The Latin America beverages
segment participates mainly in the carbonated mineral water,
flavored CSD, bottled water and vegetable juice categories,
with particular strength in carbonated mineral water,
vegetable juice and grapefruit flavored CSDs categories.
Due to the changing preference of people towards healthier
drinks, and because the Latin America beverages segment
sells much healthier beverage products compared with the
other two segments, our group forecasted a 15.5% growth in
this segment in 2015, with a lower growth rate in later years.
Cost of Goods Sold
Since people are changing preferences towards healthier drinks,
the volume of soft drinks of DPS is decreasing, which lowers the
cost of goods sold. Since the price of the majority of Dr Pepper
Snapple’s input costs are expected to decline in 2015, we expect
a decrease in cost of good sold of Dr Pepper Snapple. lxxxi
Selling, General, and Administrative Expense
For the year ended December 31, 2014, selling, general and
administrative ("SG&A") expenses increased $62 million
compared to the prior year. This was due to higher logistics costs
from third-party carriers and increased employee costs from
performance-based incentive compensation. In addition, based
on the historical data from Dr Pepper Snapple’s financial
documents, we found that the average spending on SG&A was
around 38% of net sales from 2011-2014. Therefore, our group
estimates that the selling, general, and administration cost will
increase by 0.17% compared to that of 2014, which will equate
to 38.3% of the net sales in 2015.
Depreciation
We used the historical average 10.2% depreciation rate to
determine the future depreciation amount. In addition, forecasted
depreciation is used to estimate the net property, plant and
equipment on the balance sheet.
Weighted Average Cost of Capital Data Change
The weighted average cost of capital (WACC) is the rate that a
company is expected to pay on average to all its security holders
to finance its assets.lxxxii Dr Pepper Snapple’s weighted average
cost of capital is calculated at 5.43%.
We applied the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) to
calculate the cost of equity. DPS has a relatively low beta of 0.73
and the risk-free rate is calculated by using the current yield to
maturity (YTM) of the 30-year U.S. Treasury bond. The market
risk premium is 4.62%, using the U.S. historical geometric
average. Based on the CAPM, we obtained the cost of equity at
5.91%. Pre-tax cost of debt of DPS is 4.25% by using the YTM
of DPS’s 23-year bond. After a 34.58% marginal tax rate, after-
tax cost of debt is calculated at 2.78%. Since DPS does not issue
any preferred shares, no calculation regarding preferred stock is
in the WACC. After considering the market value of equity and
debt (including the PV of operating leases), we obtained the final
weighted average cost of capital of 5.43%. The WACC is
relatively low in our model because of the low risk-free rate, low
after-tax debt rate, and low beta.
Dividend Discount Model (DDM)
By using the Dividend Discount Model, we got the intrinsic
value of Dr Pepper Snapple at $76.01, adjusted to $76.81 on
April 21, 2015. Our result was based on the assumptions of CV
growth rate at 1.40% and CV ROE at 32%. Dr Pepper Snapple is
currently involved in a highly competitive industry. Therefore, as
a company that is defensive to market changes, we expect the
EPS growth rate to be only 1.4%. Dr Pepper Snapple has been
paying out dividends for several years, which provides us with
consolidated historical evidence for future forecasting. However,
it is still difficult for us to have full control of the dividend
payout policy because high dividends do not always significantly
indicate a satisfactory current performance or bright future.
Relative Price to Earnings (P/E) Model
The relative P/E does not provide a good estimate of the intrinsic
value of Dr Pepper Snapple Group. It provides a price of $83.72,
which is close to the range of $52.00-$82.00, which we believe is
the appropriate price for the stock. We believe it is a poor
measure of the intrinsic value of Dr Pepper Snapple Group
however because there are very few major companies within the
beverage industry. So, if one company’s earnings change, the
estimate given by the model will change easily.
This model also gave a P/E of 21.1, which we believe is low
relative to Dr Pepper Snapple Group’s peers (see figure 11).
It is low compared to its peers because it has a low expected
level of growth. The P/E value from the model is almost the
same as the value we calculated in our DDM model however, of
21.21. If the P/E were higher, it would cause the stock price in
the model to increase, and vice versa.
DCF /EP Models
We believe this model provides the best estimate of Dr Pepper
Snapple Group’s intrinsic value because it incorporates most of
our expectations about the future growth of DPS, as well as our
estimations for the WACC and the current state of the economy.
We estimated CV growth of NOPLAT to be approximately 1.4%
because growth in the beverage industry is expected to be
smaller than growth in the foods industry. lxxxiii This is mainly
because the market is so heavily dominated by major players,
which makes it hard for the industry to grow significantly. Real
11
GDP also is only expected to increase by 3.15% in 2015, so the
CV growth of NOPLAT had to be less than that.
We also believe this model gives a slightly better estimate of Dr
Pepper Snapple Group’s intrinsic value than the DDM because
we felt we had more control over the assumptions used. We felt
more comfortable with our CV growth of NOPLAT than with
our CV growth of EPS because more of our own assumptions
and forecasts were used to calculate NOPLAT. If we had
estimated the CV growth of NOPLAT to be 2% instead of 1.4%,
the intrinsic value in the DCF would have risen by 15.16%. If we
had estimated it to be 1%, the intrinsic value would have
decreased by 7.8%.
Finally, we believe the DCF is a better estimate than the relative
P/E model because the relative P/E model considers the average
earnings per share of other companies within the industry. Since
there are only a few major players within the beverages industry,
we feel that this is not as accurate of an estimate because the
results can easily change if one company’s earnings change.
Dividend Discount: Our group created five sensitivity analysis
tables in order to better understand how key assumption changes
will influence the final results of intrinsic value in our models.
Since we believe DCF model gives us a better intrinsic value of
Dr Pepper Snapple, we tested the adjusted price in DCF models.
CV Growth of NOPLAT & Beta
The first sensitivity analysis table created is to test the impact of
continuing value growth of NOPLAT and beta on price. Beta
measures a stock's volatility, the degree to which its price
fluctuates in relation to the market. lxxxiv Beta is also a critical
variable that influences the cost of equity and thus influences the
cost of capital. Continuing value growth of NOPLAT is another
important factor to test since continuing value growth of
NOPLAT indicates the future growth rate of Dr Pepper Snapple.
According to our test result, an increase in beta will lower the
price while an increase in continuing value growth of NOPLAT
will raise the stock price. When the beta increases from 0.73-
0.74, which is 1.4% increase, the tested price decreased by
approximately $1. When continuing value growth of NOPLAT
changes by 0.02%, the price fluctuates by $0.32-$0.36. Since
the continuing value growth of NOPLAT has already been
expected to be very low for Dr Pepper Snapple, it will not
greatly influence the tested stock price.
Risk Free & CV ROIC
Continuing value of return on invested capital is calculated by
the NOPLAT divided by the beginning invested capital. It is a
critical assumption in calculating DCF model. In addition, the
risk-free rate is used in the WACC calculation. Therefore, we
tested those two variables to see how the targeted DCF price
would change. Based on the sensitivity analysis, the change of
the risk-free rate has more influence on the change of the price
while continuing value of return on invested capital has subtle
influence on the change of price. When ROIC increases by 0.5%,
targeted price grows by $0.10. However, when the risk-free rate
changes merely by 0.05%, the price changes around $1.00,
which is 10 times the price change compared with what resulted
from the change in ROIC.
Cost of Equity & After-Tax Cost of Debt
Cost of equity and after-tax cost of debt are both important to
test since it is calculated in the WACC. After running the test,
we found that both elements have great impacts on the change of
the adjusted price. However, the price fluctuates more when the
cost of equity changes and the after-tax cost of debt is held
constant. Instead, the price changes less when the cost of equity
is held constant.
SGA/Sales & COGS/Sales
Our group tested two vital assumptions in the operating variables,
SGA/Sales and COGS/Sales. The proportion of cost of goods
12
sold and selling, general and administration in sales is crucial to
test because those two assumptions can influence the NI income
greatly. When both of these costs increase by 0.3%, price
changes by $1.40-$1.60. The higher the proportion of those costs,
the lower the price will be. Both of the operating variables have
great impact on the final stock price. ??
CV Growth of NOPLAT & Capital Expenditure
Capital expenditures are essential to every company. We mixed
the structural assumption, which is the continuing value growth
of NOPLAT, and an operating assumption to test the price
change of Dr Pepper Snapple. Compared with the continuing
value growth of NOPLAT, capital expenditures have less
influence on the tested price. When capital expenditures increase
to $180 million, which is a 0.058% increase, price changes only
by $0.20. Alternatively, when the continuing value growth of
NOPLAT changes by 0.02%, price changes by $0.30-$0.40.
13
Important Disclaimer
This report was created by students enrolled in the Security
Analysis (6F:112) class at the University of Iowa. The report
was originally created to offer an internal investment
recommendation for the University of Iowa Krause Fund and its
advisory board. The report also provides potential employers and
other interested parties an example of the students’ skills,
knowledge and abilities. Members of the Krause Fund are not
registered investment advisors, brokers or officially licensed
financial professionals. The investment advice contained in this
report does not represent an offer or solicitation to buy or sell
any of the securities mentioned. Unless otherwise noted, facts
and figures included in this report are from publicly available
sources. This report is not a complete compilation of data, and its
accuracy is not guaranteed. From time to time, the University of
Iowa, its faculty, staff, students, or the Krause Fund may hold a
financial interest in the companies mentioned in this report.
14
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Dr. Pepper Snapple Group, Inc.
Key Assumptions of Valuation Model
Ticker Symbol DPS
Current Share Price $77.79
Current Model Date 4/20/2015
Fiscal Year End Dec. 31
Pre‐Tax Cost of Debt 4.25%
Beta 0.73
Risk‐Free Rate 2.54%
Equity Risk Premium 4.62%
CV Growth of NOPLAT 1.40%
CV Growth of EPS 1.40%
Current Dividend Yield 1.92
Marginal Tax Rate 34.58%
Effective Tax Rate 34.60%
After Tax Debt 2.78%
CV growth of ROIC 23.43%
Cost of Equity 5.91%
WACC 5.43%
Dr. Pepper Snapple Group, Inc.
Revenue Decomposition
6199.37 6328.16
Fiscal Years Ending Dec. 31 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015E 2016E 2017E 2018E 2019E
Beverage Concentrates 1,156 1,193 1,221 1,229 1,228 1,227 1,227 1,227 1,226 1,225
Growth 8.75% 3.20% 2.35% 0.66% ‐0.08% ‐0.05% ‐0.01% ‐0.04% ‐0.06% ‐0.05%
Packaged Beverages 4,098 4,292 4,358 4,306 4,361 4,357 4,378 4,413 4,462 4,524
Growth ‐0.32% 4.73% 1.54% ‐1.19% 1.28% ‐0.10% 0.50% 0.80% 1.10% 1.40%
Latin America Beverages 382 418 416 462 532 615 705 772 851 928
Growth 7.00% 9.42% ‐0.48% 11.06% 15.15% 15.55% 14.71% 9.44% 10.32% 8.98%
Total Net Sales 5,636 5,903 5,995 5,997 6,121 6,199 6,311 6,412 6,539 6,678
Change in Total Net Sales 1.90% 4.74% 1.56% 0.03% 2.07% 1.27% 1.81% 1.60% 1.99% 2.11%
2.06%
% of Sales 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015E 2016E 2017E 2018E 2019E
Beverage Concentrates 20.51% 20.21% 20.37% 20.49% 20.06% 19.80% 19.45% 19.13% 18.75% 18.35%
Packaged Beverages 72.71% 72.71% 72.69% 71.80% 71.25% 70.28% 69.38% 68.83% 68.23% 67.75%
Latin America Beverages 6.78% 7.08% 6.94% 7.70% 8.69% 9.92% 11.17% 12.04% 13.02% 13.89%Total 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
Dr. Pepper Snapple Group, Inc. 37.66% 39.97% 36.68% 37.74% 37.95% 38.00% 38.07% 37.69%Income Statement 26.38% ‐40.41% 30.57% 32.57% 34.29% 34.29% 34.29% 34.29%
(Millions, except per share data) 35.69% ‐14.94% 34.58% 36% Fiscal Years Ending Dec. 31 2012 2013 2014 2015E 2016E 2017E 2018E 2019E
Net sales 5,995 5,997 6,121 6,199 6,311 6,412 6,539 6,678 Cost of sales 2,500 2,499 2,491 2,492 2,531 2,584 2,622 2,691 Gross profit 3,495 3,498 3,630 3,707 3,780 3,828 3,917 3,987 Selling, general & administrative expenses 2,268 2,272 2,334 2,374 2,423 2,462 2,521 2,568 Multi-employer pension plan withdrawal - 56 - - - - - - Depreciation & amortization 124 115 115 116 124 129 134 141 Other operating expense, net 11 9 1 8 8 8 8 8 Income from operations 1,092 1,046 1,180 1,208 1,225 1,229 1,254 1,270 Interest expense 125 123 109 110 118 117 117 116 Interest income 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 2 Other expense (income), net 9 (383) - - - 14 - 14 Earnings from continuing operations before income taxes 978 542 1,073 1,101 1,109 1,101 1,139 1,143 Provision (benefit) for income taxes 349 (81) 371 396 399 396 410 411 Income before equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries 629 623 702 705 710 704 729 731 Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries, net of tax - 1 1 1 1 - 1 1 Net income 629 624 703 706 711 704 730 732 Year end shares outstanding 205.29 197.98 192.96 188.00 183.33 178.94 174.79 170.89
Basic EPS $ 2.99 $ 3.08 $ 3.59 3.71$ 3.83$ 3.89$ 4.13$ 4.24$ Dividends per common share $ 1.36 $ 1.52 $ 1.64 1.67$ 1.76$ 1.80$ 1.92$ 1.94$
Dr. Pepper Snapple Group, Inc.
Balance Sheet 0.30 0.31 0.32 0.29 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30
(Millions)
Fiscal Years Ending Dec. 31 2012 2013 2014 2015E 2016E 2017E 2018E 2019E
AssetCurrent AssetCash & cash equivalents 366 153 237 236 269 256 234 251 Accounts receivable, trade, net 602 622 617 637 650 655 670 683 Inventories 197 200 204 222 216 217 223 229 Deferred tax assets 66 66 67 38 15 20 25 20 Prepaid expenses & other current assets 104 78 86 106 102 99 99 104 Total current assets 1,335 1,119 1,211 1,239 1,252 1,248 1,252 1,287 Gross Property, plant & equipment 2,365 2,452 2,542 2,728 2,912 3,098 3,290 3,484
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization (1,163) (1,279) (1,401) (1,517) (1,642) (1,770) (1,904) (2,045) Property, plant & equipment, net 1,202 1,173 1,141 1,210 1,270 1,327 1,385 1,439 Investments in unconsolidated subsidiaries 14 15 14 14 14 14 14 14 Goodwill, net 2,983 2,988 2,990 2,990 2,990 2,990 2,990 2,990 Other intangible assets, net 2,684 2,694 2,684 2,682 2,684 2,684 2,681 2,680 Other non-current assets 580 127 159 160 149 161 157 162 Non-current deferred tax assets 130 85 74 63 53 43 36 30 Total assets 8,928 8,201 8,273 8,359 8,412 8,467 8,515 8,603
Liabilites & EquityCurrent LiabilitiesAccounts payable 283 271 289 286 293 296 304 309 Deferred revenue 65 65 64 68 68 67 67 67 Short-term borrowings & current portion of long-term obligations 250 66 3 - 500 - 724 250 Income taxes payable 45 33 10 29 24 21 25 23 Other current liabilities 589 595 672 615 618 625 632 622 Total current liabilities 1,232 1,030 1,038 998 1,503 1,010 1,753 1,272 Long-term obligations 2,554 2,508 2,588 2,399 1,982 2,555 1,857 2,335 Non-current deferred tax liabilities 630 755 801 817 759 801 846 869 Non-current deferred revenue 1,386 1,318 1,250 1,247 1,315 1,312 1,339 1,375 Other non-current liabilities 846 313 302 610 577 530 466 497 Total liabilities 6,648 5,924 5,979 6,073 6,136 6,208 6,261 6,348
Stockholders' Equity Common Stock and Additional paid-in capital 1,310 972 660 668 677 685 694 702Retained earnings (accumulated deficit) 1,080 1,393 1,771 1755 1736 1710 1697 1690Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (110) (88) (137) (137) (137) (137) (137) (137) Total stockholders' equity 2,280 2,277 2,294 2286 2275 2258 2254 2255 Total liabilities and stockholder's equity 8928 8201 8273 8359 8412 8467 8515 8603
Dr. Pepper Snapple Group, Inc.
Cash Flow Statement
(Millions) Fiscal Years Ending Dec. 31 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Net income (loss) 528 606 629 624 703 Depreciation expense 185 198 203 196 199 Amortization expense 38 34 37 38 36 Amortization of deferred financing costs 5 - - - - Amortization of deferred revenue (37) (65) (65) (65) (65) Employee stock-based compensation expense 29 34 35 37 48 Deferred income taxes 37 (498) 91 138 43 Loss (gain) on early extinguishment of debt 100 - - - - Provision for doubtful accounts 1 - - - - Loss (gain) on disposal of property & intangible assets 8 - - - - Unrealized loss (gain) on derivatives (1) - - - - Other adjustments, net (1) 24 (18) 35 21 Inventories 19 29 17 (30) (8) Other current & non-current assets (20) (21) (21) 456 (25) Other current & non-current liabilities 1,672 1 (29) (556) 58 Trade accounts payable (48) (30) 10 (6) 29 Income taxes payable 22 521 (468) (6) (12) Trade & other accounts receivable (2) (73) 37 (22) (5) Net change in other operating assets & liabilities 29 - - - - Net cash flows from operating activities 2,535 760 458 866 1,022 Acquisition of business - - - (10) (19) Purchase of property, plant & equipment (246) (215) (193) (179) (170) Purchase of intangible assets - (3) (7) (5) (1) Investments in unconsolidated subsidiaries (1) (2) - - - Proceeds from disposals of property, plant & equipment 18 3 7 1 8 Other cash flows from investing activities 4 - - (2) (3) Net cash flows from investing activities (225) (217) (193) (195) (185) Proceeds from senior unsecured notes & senior unsecured credit facility - 1,000 500 - - Repayment of senior unsecured notes & senior unsecured credit facility (978) (400) (450) (25) - Net issuance of commercial paper - - - 65 (65) Repurchase of shares of common stock (1,113) (522) (400) (400) (400) Proceeds from Issuance of common stockDividends paid (194) (251) (284) (302) (317) Deferred financing charges & debt reacquisition costs paid (1) - (4) - - Tax withholdings related to net share settlements of certain stock awards - - - (13) (16) Proceeds from stock options exercised 6 20 22 15 41 Excess tax benefit on stock-based compensation - 10 16 6 11 Other cash flows from financing activities - (9) (3) (1) (1) Net cash flows from financing activities (228) (152) (603) (880) (747) Effect of exchange rate changes on cash & cash equivalents 5 (5) 3 (4) (6) Net Change in cash & cash equivalents 30 391 (338) (209) 90 Cash & cash equivalents at beginning of year 280 315 701 366 153 Cash & cash equivalents at end of year 315 701 366 153 237
Dr. Pepper Snapple Group, Inc.
Cash Flow Statement
Fiscal Years Ending Dec. 31 2015E 2016E 2017E 2018E 2019E
Net income (loss) 706 711 704 730 732 Depreciation expense 116 124 129 134 141 Change in trade receivable (20) (13) (5) (15) (13) Change in Inventories (18) 6 (1) (6) (6) Change in prepaid expense & other current assets (20) 4 2 0 (5) Change in trade accounts payable (3) 7 3 8 5 Change in deferred revenue 4 (1) (0) (0) (0) Change in income taxes payable 19 (5) (3) 4 (1) Deferred income taxes 56 (25) 48 46 34 Change in other current liabilities (57) 3 7 7 (10) Change in deferred revenue-long term (3) 68 (3) 27 36 Net cash flows from operating activities 781 878 882 935 914
Acquisition of business 0 0 0 0 0
Capital expediture (186) (184) (186) (192) (195) Purchase of intangible assets 2 (1) 0 3 1 Change in investments in unconsolidated subsidiaries (0) (0) (0) (0) (0) Change in other assets (1) 11 (12) 4 (5) Net cash flows from investing activities (185) (174) (198) (185) (199) Change in current short term portion ‐3 500 ‐500 724 ‐474Repurchase of shares of common stock (400) (400) (400) (400) (400) Proceeds from issuance of common stock (ESOP) 8 8 8 8 8 Chang in other long-term liabilities 308 (33) (47) (63) 31 Dividends paid (322) (330) (330) (343) (340) Change in other non-cureent liabilities (189) (417) 573 (698) 477 Change in accumulated other comprehensive income 0 0 0 0 0 Net cash flows from financing activities (597) (672) (696) (772) (697) Effect of exchange rate changes on cash & cash equivalents Net Change in cash & cash equivalents ‐1 32 ‐12 ‐22 17
Cash & cash equivalents at beginning of year 237 236 269 256 234
Cash & cash equivalents at end of year 236 269 256 234 251
Dr. Pepper Snapple Group, Inc. 38.02% 38.34% 0.17%
Common Size Income Statement 0.0156185 0.0199902 0.82%
41.32%Fiscal Years Ending Dec. 31 2012 2013 2014 2015E 2016E 2017E 2018E 2019E
Net sales 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 100.00%
Cost of sales 41.70% 41.67% 41.02% 40.20% 40.10% 40.30% 40.10% 40.30%
Gross profit 58.30% 58.33% 59.30% 59.80% 59.90% 59.70% 59.90% 59.70%
Selling, general & administrative expenses 37.83% 37.89% 38.13% 38.30% 38.40% 38.40% 38.55% 38.45%
Multi-employer pension plan withdrawal ‐ 0.93% ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐
Depreciation & amortization 2.07% 1.92% 1.88% 1.88% 1.97% 2.01% 2.05% 2.11%
Other operating expense, net 0.18% 0.15% 0.02% 0.13% 0.13% 0.12% 0.12% 0.12%
Income from operations 18.22% 17.44% 19.28% 19.49% 19.40% 19.17% 19.18% 19.02%
Interest expense 2.09% 2.05% 1.78% 1.77% 1.87% 1.82% 1.79% 1.73%
Interest income 0.03% 0.03% 0.03% 0.05% 0.05% 0.03% 0.03% 0.03%
Other expense (income), net 0.15% ‐6.39% ‐ 0.00% 0.00% 0.22% 0.00% 0.21%
Earnings from continuing operations before income taxes 16.31% 9.04% 17.53% 17.77% 17.58% 17.16% 17.42% 17.11%
Provision (benefit) for income taxes 5.82% ‐1.35% 6.06% 6.40% 6.33% 6.18% 6.27% 6.16%
Income before equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries 10.49% 10.39% 11.47% 11.37% 11.25% 10.98% 11.15% 10.95%
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries, net of tax ‐ 0.02% 0.02% 0.02% 0.02% 0.00% 0.02% 0.01%
Net income 10.49% 10.41% 11.49% 11.39% 11.27% 10.98% 11.16% 10.97%
Year end shares outstanding 3.42% 3.30% 3.15% 3.03% 2.91% 2.79% 2.67% 2.56%
Basic EPS 0.05% 0.05% 0.06% 0.06% 0.06% 0.06% 0.06% 0.06%
Dividends per common share 0.02% 0.03% 0.03% 0.03% 0.03% 0.03% 0.03% 0.03%
Dr. Pepper Snapple Group, Inc.
Common Size Balance Sheet(% of sales, 2 decimals)Fiscal Years Ending Dec. 31 2012 2013 2014 2015E 2016E 2017E 2018E 2019E
AssetCurrent AssetCash & cash equivalents 6.11% 2.55% 3.87% 3.81% 4.26% 4.00% 3.58% 3.76%Accounts receivable, trade, net 10.04% 10.37% 10.08% 10.28% 10.31% 10.22% 10.25% 10.23%Inventories 3.29% 3.34% 3.33% 3.57% 3.42% 3.39% 3.41% 3.43%Deferred tax assets 1.10% 1.10% 1.09% 0.62% 0.24% 0.31% 0.38% 0.30%Prepaid expenses & other current assets 1.73% 1.30% 1.40% 1.70% 1.61% 1.55% 1.51% 1.56% Total current assets 22.27% 18.66% 19.78% 19.99% 19.83% 19.46% 19.14% 19.28%Gross Property, plant & equipment 39.45% 40.89% 41.53% 44.00% 46.14% 48.31% 50.30% 52.18%
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization -19.40% -21.33% -22.89% -24.48% -26.01% -27.61% -29.12% -30.62%Property, plant & equipment, net 20.05% 19.56% 18.64% 19.52% 20.13% 20.70% 21.18% 21.55%Investments in unconsolidated subsidiaries 0.23% 0.25% 0.23% 0.23% 0.22% 0.22% 0.21% 0.21%Goodwill, net 49.76% 49.82% 48.85% 48.24% 47.38% 46.63% 45.72% 44.78%Other intangible assets, net 44.77% 44.92% 43.85% 43.27% 42.52% 41.85% 41.00% 40.14%Other non-current assets 9.67% 2.12% 2.60% 2.58% 2.36% 2.51% 2.39% 2.43%Non-current deferred tax assets 2.17% 1.42% 1.21% 1.02% 0.85% 0.67% 0.56% 0.46% Total assets 148.92% 136.75% 135.16% 134.85% 133.29% 132.04% 130.21% 128.83%
Liabilites & EquityCurrent Liabilities 1.56%Accounts payable 4.72% 4.52% 4.72% 4.61% 4.64% 4.62% 4.65% 4.63%Deferred revenue 1.08% 1.08% 1.05% 1.10% 1.07% 1.05% 1.03% 1.01%Short-term borrowings & current portion of long-term obligations 4.17% 1.10% 0.05% 0.00% 7.92% 0.00% 11.07% 3.74%Income taxes payable 0.75% 0.55% 0.16% 0.47% 0.38% 0.33% 0.38% 0.35%Other current liabilities 9.82% 9.92% 10.98% 9.92% 9.79% 9.75% 9.67% 9.32% Total current liabilities 20.55% 17.18% 16.96% 16.11% 23.81% 15.75% 26.80% 19.05%Long-term obligations 42.60% 41.82% 42.28% 38.70% 31.41% 39.85% 28.40% 34.96%Non-current deferred tax liabilities 10.51% 12.59% 13.09% 13.19% 12.03% 12.50% 12.94% 13.02%Non-current deferred revenue 23.12% 21.98% 20.42% 20.12% 20.84% 20.46% 20.47% 20.59%Other non-current liabilities 14.11% 5.22% 4.93% 10.37% 9.68% 8.86% 7.81% 8.33% Total liabilities 110.89% 98.78% 97.68% 97.97% 97.23% 96.82% 95.75% 95.07%
Stockholders' Equity Common Stock and Additional paid-in capital 21.85% 16.21% 10.78% 10.78% 10.73% 10.69% 10.61% 10.52%Retained earnings (accumulated deficit) 18.02% 23.23% 28.93% 28.31% 27.50% 26.67% 25.95% 25.30%Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) -1.83% -1.47% -2.24% -2.21% -2.17% -2.14% -2.09% -2.05% Total stockholders' equity 38.03% 37.97% 37.48% 36.88% 36.06% 35.22% 34.46% 33.77% Total liabilities and stockholder's equity 148.92% 136.75% 135.16% 134.85% 133.29% 132.04% 130.21% 128.83%
Dr. Pepper Snapple Group, Inc.
Value Driver Estimation
Fiscal Years Ending Dec. 31 2012 2013 2014 2015E 2016E 2017E 2018E 2019E
Revenue 5,995 5,997 6,121 6,199 6,311 6,412 6,539 6,678
Less: Cost of sales 2,500 2,499 2,491 2,492 2,531 2,584 2,622 2,691
Less: Selling, general & administrative expenses 2,268 2,272 2,334 2,374 2,423 2,462 2,521 2,568
Less: Depreciation & amortization 124 115 115 116 124 129 134 141
Less: Other operating expense, net 11 9 1 8 8 8 8 8
Plus: Implied interest on operating leases 9.44 9.61 8.63 9.15 9.60 10.04 10.47 10.88
EBITA 1,101 1,112 1,189 1,218 1,234 1,239 1,265 1,281
Marginal Taxes 37.66% 39.97% 36.68% 37.74% 37.95% 38.00% 38.07% 37.69%
Provisions (benefits) for taxes 349 (81) 371 396 399 396 410 411
Plus: Tax shield on interest expense 47 49 40 42 45 44 45 44
Less: Tax shield on income 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Plus: Tax shield on other expense (income) 3 (153) ‐ ‐ ‐ 5 ‐ 5
Plus: Tax shield on multi‐employer pension plan withdrawl ‐ 22 ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐
Plus: Tax shield on implied interest of operating Leases 4 4 3 3 4 4 4 4
Total adjusted taxes 402 (159) 413 440 447 449 458 464
Change in deferred taxes 91 138 43 56 (25) 48 46 34
NOPLAT 790 1,409 818 833 762 838 853 852
Operating Current Assets:
Normal Cash 60 60 61 62 63 64 65 67
Accounts Receivable 602 622 617 637 650 655 670 683
Inventory 197 200 204 222 216 217 223 229
Prepaid Expenses and other current assets 104 78 86 106 102 99 99 104
Non Interest‐Bearing Current Liabilities:
Accounts Payable 283 271 289 286 293 296 304 309
Deferred Revenue 65 65 64 68 68 67 67 67
Income Taxes Payable 45 33 10 29 24 21 25 23
Net Operating Working Capital 570 591 605 643 646 651 661 682
Net Property, Plant, and Equipment 1,202 1,173 1,141 1,210 1,270 1,327 1,385 1,439
Net Intangible Assets 2,684 2,694 2,684 2,682 2,684 2,684 2,681 2,680
PV of Operating Leases 222 226 203 215 226 236 246 256
Net Other Operating Assets 2,906 2,920 2,887 2,898 2,910 2,920 2,927 2,936
Less: Other Operating Liabilities 1,386 1,318 1,250 1,247 1,315 1,312 1,339 1,375
Invested Capital 3,292 3,366 3,383 3,503 3,511 3,586 3,635 3,683
NOPLAT 790 1409 818 833 762 838 853 852
Beg. Invested Capital 2790 3292 3366 3,383 3,503 3,511 3,586 3,635
ROIC 28.32% 42.80% 24.31% 24.62% 21.76% 23.87% 23.77% 23.4253%
NOPLAT 790 1409 818 833 762 838 853 852 Capital Expediture 502 74 17 120 8 75 49 48 FCF 288 1,335 801 713 755 763 803 804
Beg. Invested Capital 3,292 3,366 3,383 3,503 3,511 3,586 3,635 3,683
ROIC‐ WACC 22.90% 37.38% 18.88% 19.19% 16.34% 18.45% 18.35% 18.00%EP 639 1,231 636 649 572 648 658 654
Dr. Pepper Snapple Group, Inc.
Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) Estimation
WACC 5.43%
Pre‐Tax Cost of Debt 4.25%
Marginal Tax Rate 34.58%
After‐Tax Cost of Debt 2.78%
Beta 0.73
Risk‐Free Rate 2.54%
Equity Risk‐Premium 4.62%
Cost of equity 5.91%
Shares Outstanding 192,957,696
Share Price $77.79
Market value of equity $15,010,179,171.84
Market Value of Debt (Including PV of Operating Leases) $2,794,000,000.00
Market value of firm $17,804,179,171.84
Dr. Pepper Snapple Group, Inc.
Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) and Economic Profit (EP) Valuation Models
(Millions)
Key Inputs:
CV Growth 1.40%
CV ROIC 23.43%
WACC 5.43%
Cost of Equity 5.91%
Fiscal Years Ending Dec. 31 2015E 2016E 2017E 2018E 2019E
DCF Model
Period 1 2 3 4 4
FCF $ 712.96 $ 754.54 $ 763.46 $ 803.12 $ 803.78
Continuing value (CV) of FCF $ 19,891.70
PV of FCF Discounted by WACC $ 676.27 $ 678.88 $ 651.56 $ 650.14 $ 16,102.61
Value of Operating Assets $ 18,759.46
Plus: Excess Cash $ 175.06
plus: Other non‐current asset $ 160.00
Less: Long term Debt $ 2,588.00
Less: Short term Debt 3.00$
Less: ESOP 44.34$
Less: PV of Operating Leases 203.00$
Less: Investments in unconsolidated subsidiaries 14.00$
Less Other non-current liabilities 302.00$
Less Other current liabilities 672.00$
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries, net of tax 1.00$
Value of Equity 15,267.18$
Shares Outstanding 192.96$
Intrinsic Value (per share) 79.12$
Adjusted Value (per share) 79.95$
Fiscal Years Ending 2015E 2016E 2017E 2018E 2019E
EP Model
Period 1 2 3 4 4
Economic Profit to Discount 649.34$ 572.35$ 647.77$ 657.98$ 654.34$
Continuing Value (CV) 16,256.54$
PV of FCF Discounted by WACC 615.93$ 514.96$ 552.83$ 532.64$ 13,159.89$
PV (Economic Profit) 15,376.25$
+ Beginning Invested Capital (T=0) 3,383.21$
Value of Operating Assets 18,759.46$
Plus: Excess Cash $ 175.06
plus: Other non‐current asset $ 160.00
Less: Long term Debt 2,588.00$
Less: Short term Debt 3.00$
Less: ESOP 44.34$
Less: PV of Operating Leases 203.00$
Less: Investments in unconsolidated subsidiaries 14.00$
Less Other non-current liabilities 302.00$
Less Other current liabilities 672.00$
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated subsidiaries, net of tax 1.00$
Value of Equity 15,267.18$
Shares Outstanding 192.96$
Intrinsic Value (per share) 79.12$
Adjusted Value (per share) 79.95$
Dr. Pepper Snapple Group, Inc.
Dividend Discount Model (DDM) or Fundamental P/E Valuation Model
Fiscal Years Ending Dec. 31 2015E 2016E 2017E 2018E 2019E
EPS 3.71$ 3.83$ 3.89$ 4.13$ 4.24$
Key Assumptions CV growth 1.40%
CV ROE 32%
Cost of Equity 5.91%
Future Cash Flows Period 1 2 3 4 4
P/E Multiple (CV Year) 21.21
EPS (CV Year) 4.24$
Future Stock Price 89.85$
Dividends Per Share 1.67$ 1.76$ 1.80$ 1.92$ 1.94$
Future Cash Flows 1.67$ 1.76$ 1.80$ 1.92$
Future Cash Flows (CV) 89.85$
Discounted Cash Flows 1.58$ 1.57$ 1.51$ 1.52$ 71.40$
Intrinsic Value 76.01$
Adjusted Value 76.80$
Dr. Pepper Snapple Group, Inc.Relative Valuation Models
EPS EPS Est. 5yrTicker Company Price 2015E 2016E P/E 15 P/E 16 EPS gr. PEG 15 PEG 16
KO The Coca‐Cola Company $40.55 $1.99 $2.14 20.4 18.9 4.87 4.18 3.89
PEP Pepsico, Inc. $95.62 $4.66 $5.05 20.5 18.9 6.77 3.03 2.80
KRFT Kraft Foods Group, Inc. $87.11 $3.24 $3.48 26.9 25.0 4.43 6.07 5.65 MNST Monster Beverage Corporatio $138.40 $3.37 $4.03 41.1 34.3 19.6 2.10 1.75
Average 22.6 21.0 4.4 4.1
DPS Dr. Pepper Snapple Group, Inc $77.79 $3.71 $3.83 21.0 20.3 3.37 6.2 6.0
Implied Value:
Relative P/E (EPS15) $ 83.73
Relative P/E (EPS16) 80.31$
PEG Ratio (EPS15) 55.30$
PEG Ratio (EPS16) 53.07$
Dr. Pepper Snapple Group, Inc.
Key Management Ratios
Fiscal Years Ending Dec. 31 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015E 2016E 2017E 2018E 2019E
Liquidity RatiosCurrent Ratio CA/CL 0.92 1.08 1.09 1.17 1.24 0.83 1.24 0.71 1.01
Quick Ratio (Cash+ST Securities+AR)/CL 0.70 0.79 0.75 0.82 0.87 0.61 0.90 0.52 0.73
Cash Ratio Cash/CL 0.37 0.30 0.15 0.23 0.24 0.18 0.25 0.13 0.20
Activity or Asset‐Management RatiosInventory Turnover Net Sales/AR 9.30 9.96 9.64 9.92 9.73 9.70 9.79 9.76 9.78
Receivable Turnover COGS/Inventory 11.72 12.69 12.50 12.21 11.25 11.71 11.89 11.75 11.76
Fixed Assets Turnover Net Sales/PPE, net 5.12 4.99 5.11 5.36 5.12 4.97 4.83 4.72 4.64
Financial Leverage RatiosDebt Ratio Total Debt/Total Assets 0.21 0.14 0.13 0.13 0.12 0.18 0.12 0.21 0.15
D/E Ratio Total Debt/Total SE 0.69 1.00 1.12 1.10 1.13 1.05 0.87 1.13 0.82
Interest Coverage EBITA/Interest Expense 9.08 8.81 9.04 10.90 11.07 10.44 10.63 10.81 11.08
Profitability RatiosNet Profit Margin Net Income/Revenues 10.27% 10.49% 10.41% 11.49% 11.39% 11.27% 10.98% 11.16% 10.97%
Gross Profit Margin Gross Profit/Revenues 57.90% 58.30% 58.33% 59.30% 59.80% 59.90% 59.70% 59.90% 59.70%
Return on Assets Net Income/Total Assets 6.53% 7.05% 7.61% 8.50% 8.44% 8.45% 8.32% 8.57% 8.51%
Return on Equity Net Income/Total SE 24.64% 27.79% 27.37% 30.87% 30.77% 31.10% 30.95% 32.33% 32.49%
Payout Policy RatiosPayout Ratio Div. per share/EPS 43.68% 45.48% 49.35% 45.68% 45.06% 45.85% 46.29% 46.45% 45.87%
Total Payout Ratio (Dividend+ Repurchase)/Net Income 1.11 1.09 1.14 1.03 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.02 1.01
Present Value of Operating Lease Obligations (2014) Present Value of Operating Lease Obligations (2013) Present Value of Operating Lease Obligations (2012)
Operating Operating Operating
Fiscal Years Ending Dec. 31 Leases Fiscal Years Ending CV Growth of NOPLAT Leases Fiscal Years Ending 80.7292588603138 Leases
2015 47 2014 58 2013 71
2016 40 2015 53 2014 58
2017 32 2016 44 2015 51
2018 24 2017 36 2016 41
2019 21 2018 28 2017 33
Thereafter 75 Thereafter 73 Thereafter 94
Total Minimum Payments 239 Total Minimum Payments 292 Total Minimum Payments 348
Less: Interest 36 Less: Interest 41 Less: Interest 50
PV of Minimum Payments 203 PV of Minimum Payments 251 PV of Minimum Payments 298
2011
Capitalization of Operating Leases Capitalization of Operating Leases Capitalization of Operating Leases
Pre‐Tax Cost of Debt 4.25% Pre‐Tax Cost of Debt 4.25% Pre‐Tax Cost of Debt 4.25%
Number Years Implied by Year 6 Payment 3.6 Number Years Implied by Year 6 Payment 2.6 Number Years Implied by Year 6 Payment 2.8
Lease PV Lease Lease PV Lease Lease PV Lease
Year Commitment Payment Year Commitment Payment Year Commitment Payment
1 47 45.1 1 58 55.6 1 71 68.1
2 40 36.8 2 53 48.8 2 58 53.4
3 32 28.2 3 44 38.8 3 51 45.0
4 24 20.3 4 36 30.5 4 41 34.7
5 21 17.1 5 28 22.7 5 33 26.8
6 & beyond 21 55.4 6 & beyond 28 55.0 6 & beyond 33 70.5
PV of Minimum Payments 202.9 PV of Minimum Payments 251.5 PV of Minimum Payments 298.5
Number of Options Outstanding (shares): 1,529,235
Average Time to Maturity (years): 8.20
Expected Annual Number of Options Exercised: 186,492
Current Average Strike Price: 45.27$
Cost of Equity: 5.91% *note left this number alone for now since haven't calcu
Current Stock Price: $77.79
2015E 2016E 2017E 2018E 2019E
Increase in Shares Outstanding: 186,492 186,492 186,492 186,492 186,492
Average Strike Price: 45.27$ 45.27$ 45.27$ 45.27$ 45.27$
Increase in Common Stock Account: 8,442,496 8,442,496 8,442,496 8,442,496 8,442,496
Change in Treasury Stock 400,000,000 400,000,000 400,000,000 400,000,000 400,000,000
Expected Price of Repurchased Shares: 77.79$ 82.39$ 87.26$ 92.42$ 97.88$
Number of Shares Repurchased: 5,142,049 4,854,993 4,583,961 4,328,061 4,086,445
Shares Outstanding (beginning of the year) 192,957,696 188,002,139 183,333,638 178,936,169 174,794,600
Plus: Shares Issued Through ESOP 186,492 186,492 186,492 186,492 186,492
Less: Shares Repurchased in Treasury 5,142,049 4,854,993 4,583,961 4,328,061 4,086,445
Shares Outstanding (end of the year) 188,002,139 183,333,638 178,936,169 174,794,600 170,894,647
Effects of ESOP Exercise and Share Repurchases
VALUATION OF OPTIONS GRANTED IN ESOP
Ticker Symbol DPS
Current Stock Price $78.79
Risk Free Rate 1.99%
Current Dividend Yield 1.92%
Annualized St. Dev. of Stock Returns 16.67%
Average Average B‐S Value
Range of Number Exercise Remaining Option of Options
Outstanding Options of Shares Price Life (yrs) Price Granted
Range 1 1,529,235 45.27 8.20 30.27$ 46,292,017$
Total 1,529,235 45.27$ 8.20 40.84$ 46,292,017$
$79.95 0.68 0.69 0.7 0.71 0.72 0.73 0.74 0.75 0.76 0.77 0.78 0.79
1.28% 82.67 81.69 80.73 79.79 78.86 77.95 77.06 76.19 75.33 74.49 73.66 72.85
1.30% 83.03 82.05 81.08 80.13 79.19 78.28 77.38 76.50 75.63 74.79 73.95 73.13
1.32% 83.40 82.40 81.43 80.47 79.53 78.61 77.70 76.81 75.94 75.09 74.25 73.42
1.34% 83.77 82.77 81.78 80.82 79.87 78.94 78.02 77.13 76.25 75.39 74.54 73.71
1.36% 84.15 83.13 82.14 81.16 80.21 79.27 78.35 77.45 76.56 75.69 74.84 74.00
1.38% 84.53 83.50 82.50 81.52 80.55 79.61 78.68 77.77 76.88 76.00 75.14 74.30
1.40% 84.91 83.88 82.87 81.87 80.90 79.95 79.01 78.10 77.20 76.31 75.45 74.60
1.42% 85.30 84.26 83.24 82.24 81.25 80.29 79.35 78.43 77.52 76.63 75.75 74.90
1.44% 85.69 84.64 83.61 82.60 81.61 80.64 79.69 78.76 77.84 76.95 76.06 75.20
1.46% 86.08 85.02 83.98 82.97 81.97 80.99 80.03 79.09 78.17 77.27 76.38 75.51
1.48% 86.48 85.41 84.37 83.34 82.33 81.35 80.38 79.43 78.50 77.59 76.69 75.82
1.50% 86.89 85.81 84.75 83.71 82.70 81.71 80.73 79.77 78.84 77.92 77.01 76.13
1.52% 87.29 86.20 85.14 84.09 83.07 82.07 81.08 80.12 79.17 78.25 77.34 76.44
1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9
$79.95 23.18% 23.23% 23.28% 23.33% 23.38% 23.43% 23.48% 23.53% 23.58% 23.63% 23.68% 23.73%
2.24% 86.43 86.44 86.45 86.47 86.48 86.49 86.50 86.51 86.53 86.54 86.55 86.56
2.29% 85.28 85.29 85.30 85.32 85.33 85.34 85.35 85.36 85.38 85.39 85.40 85.41
2.34% 84.15 84.17 84.18 84.19 84.20 84.21 84.23 84.24 84.25 84.26 84.27 84.29
2.39% 83.05 83.07 83.08 83.09 83.10 83.11 83.13 83.14 83.15 83.16 83.17 83.18
2.44% 81.98 81.99 82.00 82.01 82.02 82.04 82.05 82.06 82.07 82.08 82.09 82.11
2.49% 80.92 80.94 80.95 80.96 80.97 80.98 80.99 81.00 81.02 81.03 81.04 81.05
2.54% 79.89 79.90 79.91 79.93 79.94 79.95 79.96 79.97 79.98 79.99 80.01 80.02
2.59% 78.88 78.89 78.90 78.92 78.93 78.94 78.95 78.96 78.97 78.98 78.99 79.01
2.64% 77.89 77.90 77.91 77.93 77.94 77.95 77.96 77.97 77.98 77.99 78.00 78.01
2.69% 76.92 76.93 76.94 76.96 76.97 76.98 76.99 77.00 77.01 77.02 77.03 77.04
2.74% 75.97 75.98 75.99 76.00 76.02 76.03 76.04 76.05 76.06 76.07 76.08 76.09
2.79% 75.04 75.05 75.06 75.07 75.08 75.09 75.11 75.12 75.13 75.14 75.15 75.16
2.84% 74.13 74.14 74.15 74.16 74.17 74.18 74.19 74.20 74.21 74.22 74.23 74.24
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
$79.95 2.53% 2.58% 2.63% 2.68% 2.73% 2.78% 2.83% 2.88% 2.93% 2.98% 3.03% 3.08%
5.61% 87.65 87.43 87.21 86.99 86.77 86.55 86.34 86.12 85.91 85.69 85.48 85.27
5.66% 86.47 86.26 86.04 85.83 85.61 85.40 85.19 84.98 84.77 84.56 84.35 84.14
5.71% 85.32 85.11 84.90 84.69 84.48 84.27 84.07 83.86 83.65 83.45 83.25 83.04
5.76% 84.20 83.99 83.79 83.58 83.38 83.17 82.97 82.77 82.57 82.37 82.17 81.97
5.81% 83.10 82.90 82.69 82.49 82.29 82.09 81.89 81.70 81.50 81.30 81.11 80.91
5.86% 82.02 81.82 81.63 81.43 81.23 81.04 80.84 80.65 80.46 80.26 80.07 79.88
5.91% 80.91 80.72 80.53 80.33 80.14 79.95 79.76 79.57 79.38 79.19 79.01 78.82
5.96% 79.93 79.74 79.56 79.37 79.18 78.99 78.81 78.62 78.43 78.25 78.07 77.88
6.01% 78.92 78.74 78.55 78.37 78.18 78.00 77.82 77.64 77.45 77.27 77.09 76.91
6.06% 77.93 77.75 77.57 77.39 77.21 77.03 76.85 76.67 76.49 76.32 76.14 75.96
6.11% 76.96 76.79 76.61 76.43 76.25 76.08 75.90 75.73 75.55 75.38 75.21 75.03
6.16% 76.01 75.84 75.66 75.49 75.32 75.14 74.97 74.80 74.63 74.46 74.29 74.12
6.21% 75.08 74.91 74.74 74.57 74.40 74.23 74.06 73.89 73.73 73.56 73.39 73.23
0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
$79.95 38.7% 39.0% 39.3% 39.6% 39.9% 40.2% 40.5% 40.8% 41.1% 41.4% 41.7% 42.0%
36.5% 97.67 96.06 94.45 92.84 91.23 89.62 88.01 86.39 84.78 83.17 81.56 79.95
36.8% 96.06 94.45 92.84 91.23 89.62 88.01 86.39 84.78 83.17 81.56 79.95 78.34
37.1% 94.45 92.84 91.23 89.62 88.01 86.39 84.78 83.17 81.56 79.95 78.34 76.73
37.4% 92.84 91.23 89.62 88.01 86.39 84.78 83.17 81.56 79.95 78.34 76.73 75.12
37.7% 91.23 89.62 88.01 86.39 84.78 83.17 81.56 79.95 78.34 76.73 75.12 73.50
38.0% 89.62 88.01 86.39 84.78 83.17 81.56 79.95 78.34 76.73 75.12 73.50 71.89
38.3% 88.01 86.39 84.78 83.17 81.56 79.95 78.34 76.73 75.12 73.50 71.89 70.28
38.6% 86.39 84.78 83.17 81.56 79.95 78.34 76.73 75.12 73.50 71.89 70.28 68.67
38.9% 85.00 83.39 81.78 80.16 78.55 76.94 75.33 73.72 72.11 70.50 68.89 67.28
39.1% 83.60 81.99 80.38 78.77 77.16 75.55 73.93 72.32 70.71 69.10 67.49 65.88
39.4% 82.20 80.59 78.98 77.37 75.76 74.15 72.54 70.93 69.32 67.70 66.09 64.48
39.6% 80.81 79.20 77.59 75.98 74.36 72.75 71.14 69.53 67.92 66.31 64.70 63.09
39.9% 79.41 77.80 76.19 74.58 72.97 71.36 69.75 68.13 66.52 64.91 63.30 61.69
$79.95 (120) (130) (140) (150) (160) (170) (180) (190) (200) (210) (220) (230)
1.28% 79.15 78.91 78.67 78.43 78.19 77.95 77.72 77.48 77.24 77.00 76.76 76.52
1.30% 79.48 79.24 79.00 78.76 78.52 78.28 78.04 77.80 77.56 77.32 77.08 76.84
1.32% 79.81 79.57 79.33 79.09 78.85 78.61 78.37 78.12 77.88 77.64 77.40 77.16
1.34% 80.15 79.91 79.66 79.42 79.18 78.94 78.69 78.45 78.21 77.97 77.73 77.48
1.36% 80.49 80.24 80.00 79.76 79.51 79.27 79.03 78.78 78.54 78.30 78.05 77.81
1.38% 80.83 80.59 80.34 80.10 79.85 79.61 79.36 79.12 78.88 78.63 78.39 78.14
1.40% 81.18 80.93 80.69 80.44 80.19 79.95 79.70 79.46 79.21 78.97 78.72 78.48
1.42% 81.53 81.28 81.03 80.79 80.54 80.29 80.05 79.80 79.55 79.31 79.06 78.81
1.44% 81.88 81.63 81.38 81.14 80.89 80.64 80.39 80.15 79.90 79.65 79.40 79.15
1.46% 82.24 81.99 81.74 81.49 81.24 80.99 80.74 80.49 80.25 80.00 79.75 79.50
1.48% 82.60 82.35 82.10 81.85 81.60 81.35 81.10 80.85 80.60 80.35 80.10 79.85
1.50% 82.96 82.71 82.46 82.21 81.96 81.71 81.45 81.20 80.95 80.70 80.45 80.20
1.52% 83.33 83.08 82.82 82.57 82.32 82.07 81.81 81.56 81.31 81.06 80.81 80.55
CV Growth
of NOPLAT
SGA/Sales
Cost of Equity
Risk free
Capital Expenditure
CV Growth
of NOPLAT
Beta
CV ROIC
After Tax Rate
COGS/Sales