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ECUADOR FACING THE NEW RULES OF COMPETITION: EXPERIENCE IN COMPLIANCE, CHALLENGES AND GOALS Santiago Reyes Mena [email protected] Quito - Ecuador. CONTENT. Overview of Antitrust Law Compliance Programs : Experiences Cultural challenges and legal challenges. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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ECUADOR FACING THE NEW RULES OF COMPETITION: EXPERIENCE IN COMPLIANCE,
CHALLENGES AND GOALS
Santiago Reyes Mena [email protected]
Quito - Ecuador
CONTENT
1. Overview of Antitrust Law
2. Compliance Programs: Experiences
3. Cultural challenges and legal challenges
OVERVIEW OF ANTITRUST LAW
OVERVIEW OF ANTITRUST LAW Ecuador signed the Cartagena Agreement (today
Andean Community - CAN) on 26.05.1969.
The Andean Community adopted Decision 608 entitled "Standards for the protection and promotion of free competition in the Andean Community", on 29.03. 2005.
Considered restrictive behaviors for competition agreements which have the purpose or the effect of: Price fixing, conditions Allocate markets, Restrict the supply or demand; Prevent or hinder access or permanence of current or
potential competitors; Coordinate positions in public tenders.
OVERVIEW OF ANTITRUST LAW
The President of the Republic signed a Executive Decree No. 1614 27.03.2009 whereby:
Establishes rules for the implementation of 608 Decision of the Andean Community of Nations
Creates an agency named as Subsecretaría de la Competencia y Defensa del Consumidor as part of the Ministry of industries and productivity.
OVERVIEW OF ANTITRUST LAW
• INVESTIGATIONS
Air TransportMobile
PharmacistSupermarkets
Soft DrinksSugarFlour
* A company was fined
According to the National Institute of statistics and Census, Ecuador is a concentrated economy.
Several driven competition law bills, one was approved in 2002 by the National Congress buy vetoed by the Vice-President.
Ecuador's Constitution of 2008 enshrined in several articles with constitutional precepts of competition.
OVERVIEW OF ANTITRUST LAW
RULES OF COMPETITION(COMPETITION LAW) Ley Orgánica
de regulación y Control del Poder de Mercado / 13.10.2011
First internal Competition law which abolish Executive Decree No. 1614.
One of its objectives is the prevention, prohibition and punishment of collusive agreements.
Provides the creation of Superintendencia de Control de Poder de Mercado (Agency).
The designation of the Superintendent and the creation of the Agency are still in process.
The Agency will have broad powers to investigate and punish cartels in Ecuador.
(COMPETITION LAW) Ley Orgánica de regulación y Control del Poder de Mercado / 13.10.2011
Civil liability Action for compesation for damages must be exercised
before a civil judge.
Criminal responsibility The Agency may notify the Attorney General of the State. Criminalize cartel was considered on a few Bills of the Law
Corrective action. If it fails or they have delayed, partially or flawed, the
Agency may, for collusive agreements designate a temporary auditor of the economic operator, in order to oversee the implementation of the corrective measures.
RULES OF COMPETITION
(COMPETITION LAW) Ley Orgánica de regulación y Control del Poder de Mercado / 13.10.2011
Infringements.
Minor offenses with fines up to 8% of the total turnover of the company.
Serious offenses with fines up to 10% of the total turnover of the company.
Very serious offenses with fines up to 12% of the total turnover of the company.
RULES OF COMPETITION
(COMPETITION LAW) Ley Orgánica de regulación y Control del Poder de Mercado / 13.10.2011
Cartel or any type of collusive behaviour
There is a Leniency Programm
There are serious and very serious offences
Will be judged regardless if it constitutes a conduct typified and penalized under the Penal law.
Very serious offences, they may impose a fine up to 500 SAU to the legal representatives or persons involved in the agreement or decision.
RULES OF COMPETITION
(COMPETITION LAW) Ley Orgánica de regulación y Control del Poder de Mercado / 13.10.2011
Cartel or any type of collusive behaviour
Recidivism is considered an aggravating circumstance and the penalties will not be lower than the previous.
The Agency may impose fines in successive and unlimited way in case of recidivism.
If the benefit obtained as a result of a contrary conduct are exceeding the thresholds of infringements, the Agency will penalized the offender with an amount identical of such benefits, without prejudice to punish recidivism.
RULES OF COMPETITION
COMPLIANCE PROGRAMS: EXPERIENCES
COMPLIANCE PROGRAMS: EXPERIENCES
1. Multinational undertakings continue running their Compliance Programs
More relevance of the Compliance Officer
Act facing uncertainty and adoption of conduct with a competitor or a trade association.
Train to avoid the risk of possible agreements with competitors. Promote behavior of the code of conduct. Coordinate reforms to the internal work regulations.
2. Local undertakings demonstrate two types of reaction
Local undertakings with positive reaction :
Undertakings willing to change of business behavior and attitude of their representatives.
Diagnosis of their commercial behavior in their sector and professional support
Promotion of a culture of respecting the rules of competition
Implementation of Compliance Programs and creation of codes of conduct
Limit what is allowed and what it is not allowed to deal with competition.
COMPLIANCE PROGRAMS: EXPERIENCES
Local undertakings with negative reaction:
Rejection and/or disregard of the rules of competition
Continuation of modus operandi with the competition
Belief of a negative impact on sales
NO professional support
NOT promoting a culture of respecting the rules of competition
Rejection and/or ignorance over the implementation of codes of conduct and Compliance programs.
COMPLIANCE PROGRAMS: EXPERIENCES
3. Trade Associations.
Development of activities to report on the Competition Law and its enforcement.
Incorporation of precepts of competition in their Code of Ethics.
Creating guides behavior for its members.
COMPLIANCE PROGRAMS: EXPERIENCES
CULTURAL AND LEGAL CHALLENGES
CULTURAL AND LEGAL CHALLENGES
Change in business attitude in every generation of the company's management
Create a culture that rejects cartels
Promote the concept of transparent business
Creation and acceptance of Compliance program
Promotion of a culture of competition and guides behavior in trade associations
Ethics of competition.
Once the Agency is created it must:
Strive to be a technical entity and maintain an institutional reputation.
Train their staff in the fight against cartels.
Agreed models of cooperation with other competition authorities in order to fight against cartels.
Promote and guide through practical guides and normative techniques on the behaviour of economic operators in:
Public procurement, Integrity Pacts and cartels Exchange of information between competitors
CULTURAL AND LEGAL CHALLENGES
Labor Law
Public employees of the Agency must establish a secure political, social and economic environment.
Ecuadorian rules lays down the right to audit the employees e-mails.
Undertakings do not provide disciplinary measures when their employees are involved in cartels.
CULTURAL AND LEGAL CHALLENGES
Attorney-Client Privilege
The laws of Ecuador do not establish specifically the confidentiality of relations between client and attorney or between companies and their in-house counsel.
CULTURAL AND LEGAL CHALLENGES