Context-aware Resource Sharingfor People-centric SensingJorge Vallejos1, Matthias Stevens1,2, Ellie D’Hondt1, Nicolas Maisonneuve3, Wolfgang De Meuter1, Theo D’Hondt1,Luc Steels2,3

1Software Languages Lab, VUB2Artificial Intelligence Lab, VUB

3Sony Computer Science Lab Paris

Context-aware resource sharing for people-centric sensing WSRCC’09

Research into new communication paradigms that empower communities to raise awareness of environmental issues and support community action

Motivation

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Context-aware resource sharing for people-centric sensing WSRCC’09

Research into new communication paradigms that empower communities to raise awareness of environmental issues and support community action

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Ever more popular and cheaper smart phones

User-generated content

Growing interest for environmental issues

Motivation

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Context-aware resource sharing for people-centric sensing WSRCC’09

People-centric Sensing

• Higher granularity: use of mobile technology (as opposed to fixed infrastructure)

• People-centric exposure: People actively involved in the pollution monitoring process

• Added semantics: Data qualification for improved quality and quantity

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Context-aware resource sharing for people-centric sensing WSRCC’09

NoiseTube[Maisonneuve et al, 09]

• Realtime loudness algorithm: mobile phones as noise sensors

• GPS-based Location

• Tagging interface to add context information to the data (e.g. time, noise source, annoyance level)

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Hands-on project for monitoring and mapping noise pollution

Context-aware resource sharing for people-centric sensing WSRCC’095

Realtime visualisation on mobile phones (e.g. risk level) and web-based visualisation

NoiseTube[Maisonneuve et al, 09]

Implemented in Java (J2ME CLDC/MIDP), mainly tested on Nokia N95 8GB smart phone. Data submission to server over GPRS/3G

Context-aware resource sharing for people-centric sensing WSRCC’096

GPSInternetaccessMic

Sensing constrained to local (mobile phone’s) resources

Context-aware resource sharing for people-centric sensing WSRCC’096

GPSInternetaccessMic

Sensing constrained to local (mobile phone’s) resources

Use of environmental resources

Context-aware resource sharing for people-centric sensing WSRCC’09

Context-aware Resource Sharing

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GPSInternetaccessMic

Sensing constrained to local (mobile phone’s) resources

Use of environmental resources

Context-aware resource sharing for people-centric sensing WSRCC’09

Context-aware Resource Sharing

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• Zero infrastructure

• Volatile connections

• Resource diversity

Use of environmental resources

Context-aware resource sharing for people-centric sensing WSRCC’09

• Decentralised service discovery

• Non-blocking communication to deal with network failures

• Context-dependent behavioural adaptations

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Programming Languagesfor Context-aware Systems

Context-aware resource sharing for people-centric sensing WSRCC’09

• Decentralised service discovery

• Non-blocking communication to deal with network failures

• Context-dependent behavioural adaptations

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Programming Languagesfor Context-aware Systems

OO scripting languageRuns on J2ME/CLDC phones

Lisp dialectUse LispWorks

Context-aware resource sharing for people-centric sensing WSRCC’09

MetroSense [Campbell et al, 09]

• Network symbiosis: Sensor networks can use existing network resources e.g. communication, routing, security

• Asymmetric design: Take advantage of resource available at other nodes

• Scoped interactions

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General purpose architecture for public sensing

Context-aware resource sharing for people-centric sensing WSRCC’09

Why new languages?- To minimize accidental complexity

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Context-aware resource sharing for people-centric sensing WSRCC’09

Why new languages?

“No Silver Bullet - Essence and Accidents of Software Engineering”

(F. Brooks, 1986)

Essential complexity is inherent and unavoidable, accidental complexity is caused by the approach chosen to solve the problem.

- To minimize accidental complexity

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Context-aware resource sharing for people-centric sensing WSRCC’09

Case Study

• Currently working on a case study in Brussels Region[D’Hondt, 09]

• Generalisation of NoiseTube for studying atmospheric pollution and urban microclimates

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Context-aware resource sharing for people-centric sensing WSRCC’09

ReferencesNoiseTube

[Maisonneuve et al, 09] N. Maisonneuve, M. Stevens, M. E. Niessen, P. Hanappe, and L. Steels. Citizen Noise Pollution Monitoring. In dg.o ’09: Proceedings of the 10th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research, pages 96–103. Digital Government Society of North America / ACM Press, May 2009.

Community memories for sustainable urban living

[D’Hondt, 09] E. D’Hondt. Community memories for sustainable urban living. IWOIB project proposal, July 2009.

AmbientTalk

[Cutsem et al, 07] T. Van Cutsem, S. Mostinckx, E. Gonzalez Boix, J. Dedecker, and W. De Meuter. AmbientTalk: ob ject-oriented event-driven programming in Mobile Ad hoc Networks. In Proceedings of the XXVI International Conference of the Chilean Computer Science Society (SCCC 2007), pages 3–12. IEEE Computer Society, 2007.

Lambic

[Vallejos et al, 09] J. Vallejos, P. Costanza, T. Van Cutsem, and W. De Meuter. Reconciling Generic Functions with Actors. In ACM SIGPLAN International Lisp Conference, Cambridge, MA, USA, 2009.

MetroSense

[Campbell et al, 09] A. T. Campbell, N. D. Lane, E. Miluzzo, R. A. Peterson, H. Lu, X. Zheng, M. Musolesi, K. Fodor, S. B. Eisenman, and G.-S. Ahn. The Rise of People-Centric Sensing. IEEE Internet Computing, 12(4):12–21, July/August 2008.

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