Contributions to Arabic metrology. I: Early Arabic glass weights and measure stamps acquired by the American Numismatic Society, 1951-1956 / by Georges C. Miles

8/9/2019 Contributions to Arabic metrology. I: Early Arabic glass weights and measure stamps acquired by the American Nu…

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T S AN D M O NO G R A H S

eatiseson sub ectsrelating

y medalsanddecorations.

N CO M M T T E

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STA F

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t i v e C o m m o n s A t t r i b u t i o n - N

o n C o m m e r c i a l - S h a r e A l i k e

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in onesenseacontinuationo

heNumismaticNotesandMono-

A rabic GlassWeightsandStamps NNM

1 94 ) a nd a rl y Ar ab ic G la ss W e i gh ts a nd

N N M N o . 1 20 N . . 1 9 51 ; i n

ginningo anewenterprise. During

havehadthegood ortunetoe amine

seearlyA rabic metrologic alob ec tsand

ic ientlye tensivetobringw ithin

templationo a airlycompletec orpus

ry gyptianA rabic glassweightsand

oreundertakingthiscomprehensive

itwouldseemdesirabletobringoutin

tlogues suc hasthepresent the

h havebeenabletoe amine.

apsothersinprivateor publiccollec-

eavailablethroughpublic ations w ith

tiono otherstudents , athorough

yananalysiso thedatawhic hthese

urunderstandingo historic almetrology

scriptiono atleastseven

odmanysc atteredpiec es. Aside rom

heMuseumo theA meric anNumis-

hpresented haveinmindthe

rc ollec tionsintheUnitedStates o

oneinA thens. A parto thegreat

slamicArtinCairohasrecently

ereremainsamasso materialinthat

willeventuallybepublished.

C r e a

t i v e C o m m o n s A t t r i b u t i o n - N o n C o m m e r c i a l - S h a r e A l i k e

/ h t t p : / / w w w . h a t h i t r u s t . o r g / a c c e s s_

u s e # c c - b y - n c - s a - 4 . 0


6/149

mpilero f thepartialC a irocata logue

tly engagedinthepublicationof

etdesM daillesinP aris. The

hil l ipsco llectionintheB rit ishMuseum

whileletushopethatM.M. J ung-

logueofhisgreatcollection

wouldhaveseriousshortcomings.1

NMNos.11 1and120 named

nNumismaticSocietyhasac uired

ss weightsandstamps andthese

ntvolume.Thenumberof pieces

monographswasappro imately

srvedthatthesenew accessionse ceed

bythis Society.Amongthe

0areofpreviouslyunpublished

ucehithertounrecordedofficials

ghtof theTulunidK humaraw ayhb.

rdfor thefirsttimedowninto the

hcentury ( 3rdcenturyof theHi rah ,

1arecorrectlyattributed dow ntothe

. D. . A mongthepharmaceutica lmeasure

ithhithertounrecordedor un-

( n o . 12 , h o ne y ( n o . 1 3 , j u u b e

h ey ( n o .8 5 , a n d d ri e d po m eg r an a te ( n o s.

ollowsfairly closelythat

11 butthecategori a tionof

piecesissomewhatdifferent.The

chrono logica lly (nos. 1-95 .

l s c h ro n ol o gi c al l y ( n o s . 9 - 1 97

h ro n ol o gi c al l y ( n o s . 19 8 -2 0 1 .

softhese pagesI learnedwithsorrowofthe

hinCa iroonMarch12 1958. H isco llection I am

d.

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icia ls a lphabetically ( nos. 202-210 .

ghts( nos. 211-238 .

.

nidentif ieddisk -w eights( nos.

ndunidentif iedring-weights( nos.

u s ve s se l s ta m ps ( n o s. 2 2 - 28 0 .

esselstamps( nos. 281-292 .

V thepiecesofeachof f icialare

rder:coinweights disk-weights

mps.Within eachsub-divisionof

gementisindescendingorderof

o ri e s V I a n d V I I . C at e go r y V I I I

y (A rabic byseedorsubstance.

sareomittedwhenasimilar type

A GSuppl. I nthephysica lde-

ediameter( inmill imeters isgiven

rtheco loro f theglass fo llow edby

.

ecometotheMuseumof the

cietyfromanumberofdifferent

owingthelettersANS( aftercolor

remuseumaccessionnumbers the

13

ouisH. Schroeder

uisH. Schroeder( purchasedf rom

w York

rdT.Newell

ananti uedea lerinNew Y ork

atafew pieceswereac uiredbefore1951butw erenot

and120.

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ungfle isch C a iro

tioninNew York

enberg New Y ork

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w York

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nC airo

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ew York

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man New York

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ra b e C a ir o 1 9 30 .

TheC hemistryandP harmacyofV egetableDrugs

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: E. vonB ergmann " D ieNomina lederMiin reform

inSit ungsberichtederphil. -hist. C .

i s s e ns c ha f te n L X V ( W i e n 1 8 70 ,

oo le C atalogueofA rabicGlassWeightsintheB rit ish

1 8 9 1 .

E stampillesetpo idsfa iblesenverreomeyyadeset

rabeduC aire( E x tra itdesM langesI slam-

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pensatoryof theU nitedStatesofA merica 25thed.

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aphs No. 1n New York 1948 .

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maticNotesandMonographs No. 120 New

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aco llectionF ou uet( M moires. . . de laMission

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d di e D e s t il l at i on e n vo n Y a q û b b . I s h q

u ng e n fu r d ie K u n d e d es M o rg e nl a nd e s X X X ,

hofandG. P . Sobhy TheA bridgedV ersionof " The

ofA hmadibnMuhammadal-Gh f i î by

g( B arhebraeus , TheEgyptianUniversity

ublicationno. 4 C a iro 1932-1940.

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etrology

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2 .7 4.

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etrology

r g la ck in g .

oege 91.

c a. 9 9 1 0 1 A. H . : 7 17 7 2 0 A. D .

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ollowing istonthisstamp

dec ipherment. Thethreeletterso f er

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ecombinationsonlya ewspellrec ogni able

tteronlytwoorthreehaveac ceptable

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ph y , pp . 5 - 1 5 .

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ctionsof the liverandspleen and

c. I nclassica lGreek timesthef ig

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es itwasreputedtobeeffective

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nningsores toothacheandpo isonous

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, 1 8 3 ( G u nt h er p p . 90 - 91 .

o l . 23 1 p p . 32 - 3 27 n o . 43 9 .

1 9 1 G r ie v e I , p p . 31 1 -3 1 3 A l l p or t p p . 11 5 2 2 8

I I I , 21.

Shurayh p. 152 no . 1.

20 4 .

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etrology

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n b . S h u ra y h p . 1 5 2 n o . 9 .

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l s 7

s t o o i nt m en t .

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p . 4 9.

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ably thesameasthese a lsoUniversity

a ck i ng H a y y n s n a me . I n a l l ca s es t h e di e

theglassstamp andhenceHayy n s

preserved.Thesepiecesareim-

lyestablishthe identityo Y a id

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cimensare listedinHayy nb. Shurayh p. 151 nos. 4 6.

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l s 9

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p . 1 0.

e ischw rotemein1952thathehadaw eighto i3 4

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uriouspiece bearingnoe ecutive

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enominationassatr “ row series ;

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l s 2

a i d i n o f i c e as p r e e c t in t h e ye a r

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mp andno. 60 be low arevery

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iderations. Thef irst isthatno . 60is

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l s 2

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inct butthere iso courseacho iceo

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u u be . I 2 2 A .H . : 7 9 /4 0 A. D .

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e o n ab ,

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ypreservedonno.64.

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i , n ib . Se eM uh it I I , p . 20 5 L i s n X I I , p . 22 7

y S up pl em en t I I , p .6 7 .

1 55 1 92 B e d ev ia n n os . 3 6 51 3 6 5 ; S ha ra , s .v . si dr

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V o l .X X V I , n o. 11 65 a nd X X V I " , n o. 22 12 .

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th en a m e o Al l [ h :

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en t I I , p . 5 9 ; c . H . W e h r A r ab is ch es W ö r te rb uc h ( L e ip -

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a n d or d er e d th e a mi r

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n g o i t m e as u re

m e as u re s o ‘ I s ' s : F o u u e t

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1 2 A .H . : 7 45 7 49 A .D .

S

.

u rmu s a t

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. p p . 14 1 5 .

a “ w h e y i s de i ne d as m h a l- u bn m as l m as l ah

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3 A . H . : 75 0 A. D .

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f r g. l ac ki ng .

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nameo theartisanw homanu actured

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gestedbyGrohmann.

06 . I n a d di t io n t o th e r e e r en c e gi v en i n f o o t n ot e 2 1 th e re

P a p yr i i n t he E g y pt i an L i b ra r y I I ( C a ir o 1 9 6 ,

. n o . 16 2 b e lo w. O t h e r o cc u rr e nc e s o h i s na me a r e E A G

a n d be lo w n o .I O I . I n E A G S up pl . p . 4 , I s ta te d th at I

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S

u ar te rq i s t.

8 .

6 ( f r g. l ac ki ng .

2 0 2 1 c . C ai ro 1 6 – 1 66 w he re

t indicatedinthetranscription.

composite:no.10 isonly

. : 7 50 / 1 A. D .

i r ec t or 1 6 1 7 A . H . : 7 5 – 7 5 5 A. D .

S

- u a r te r q i st .

sorderedby

S al i h b. ' A l i ( m a y k ee p [ h i m s t ra i gh t

t he ma ki ng o i t: o ne - u ar te r

u ll m ea su re .

7 .

1 6 0 c . F o u u e t Co l le c ti o n 1 4 1

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– 1 41 A. H .: 75 1 7 5 A .D .

1 - 7 6 A . D .

T S

k ha rr b ah .

7 . 01 .

C a i ro 2 7 2 9 . T he C o pt i c no t at i on

i s di sc us se d in E A G S up pl . p p. 3 1 3 2 c . t he

Thevarietieso theseCopticnumerals

A . Mallon sGrammaireC opte( B e irut

n d it w i ll b e n ot e d th a t th e f i g u r es f o r 3 0 a n d

andsimilarw eights.

l y be l on g t o th e s ec o nd t e rm o ‘ A s im s o f i c e b u t

cesherebecausehisf irsttermprobablybeganbe ore

a p yr u sk u nd e p . 1 01 a n d al s o V . G a rt h au s en D i e

tenundC hrono logie inA ltertumundimB y antinischen

G r i e ch i sc h e P a l ae o gr a ph i e 2 n d e d . L e i p i g 1 9 1 ) ,

theCopticderivationf romtheGreekisapparent.

“ Z umWeiterlebendergriechischenZ ahlenbuchstaben ”

1 9 27 p p . 7 – 8 1 h a s po i nt e d ou t t ha t t he C o pt s t oo k

ostwithoutchange.Seealso withrespect

ssweights J ung le isch Notationsconventionnelles

0I f i n d it d i f i c ul t t o ac c ep t t he e p l an a ti o n th a t th e

a l e c o uc h v o ul a nt d i re u n e t c. s i gn i i c an t c om p le t .

ullyunderstandthisargumentandsomeo theother

estingarticle.Seealso myremarksunder

w .

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ci al s 4

h ar r b ah .

s u ar e :

b a . W ei gh t | o f a ls t hi rt y kh ar r b ah .

5 . 77 .

I

cursivelettersareverysimilarto

wh i ch ‘ A s im s n a me a p pe a rs i n f u l l.

tthispiecealso belongsto

4 7 7 5A .D .

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e- ha l r at l o g r e as e.

8 .

V I

arrangemento piecesissuedby theauthorityo a l-

irst thosebearinghisnamealone then thosea lso

subordinate.

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55/149

ci al s 45

n e- u ar te rq i s t.

edby

er va nt o A ll h ‘ A bd u-

t h e B e l ie v er s :

G i -

v e j u s t me as ur e a nd n ot b -

n g th e d e r a ud e rs ” o n e - u a r t er

u ll m ea su re .

X 3 7 .

3 4 .

I

.I I .5areuncertain.Similarto

ethea lignmentisnotentire lycorrectly

ac k c um i n.

e d th e Se rv an t o A -

‘ A b dul l [ h ,

m m an de r o t h e B e li ev er s ,

ki ng o i t m ea su r e

i n b l a -

ea su re .

I

black cumin anditsmedicinal

S up p l. p p . 16 1 7 .

C um i n an d V i n e ga r f o r H i c c u ps ” i n A rc h ae o lo g y V o l . 4

2 – 2 4.

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su re o w he y ? ) .

ervanto

h ‘ A b du ll h

m a nd e r o t he B e l i e ve r s

i t m ea s ur e

) , f u ll

9 .

I

3 6 .

g r ee n 4 0 .

o llection 151—152. C asanovadidnot

ew ordinthene ttothe lastlineand

ineso theletters.Seethe

w h ey ” u n d er n o . 8 5 a b ov e a n d c .

o w.

lk b . Y a i d

T S

n r.

hingsorderedby

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m m an d er o t h e B e -

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ci al s 47

b d a l -M a li k b . Y a i d .

verydark brow n 29 4. 22.

o pa u e a ub e rg i ne 2 9 4 . 1 .

I

. E A G 5 9 ( i n co mp l et e , w i th t h e wo r d

helasttw o lines. F orC hael( K ay l

, a bo ve a nd n os . I 2 2 1 2 , b el ow .

.

orderedby

A l l h ‘ A b d-

C om ma nd er o t he B e -

: w eight

, f u l l

e

A bd al -M al i k b . Y a i d ? ) .

V I I

6 0 a ls o ah al d in r h as a d i f e re nt

reverseappearstobe thesaneasthe

ethetranscription“ K ay l onthe

ctedtoreadasitdoesabove. B utthe

nthesepiecesasw ellasonF ou uet

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rhemwiththesamereverse legend( read

" ) t h e na m ei n t he c e nt e r is J . S .

( ? ) .

A l l h :

A ll h

A b du ll h C om ma nd er

e l i ev e rs :

w ei gh t o ( o ne -t hi rd ) ,

h t.

e

. 15 + ( a b ou t 1 /4 m i ss i ng .

ablethat theunintelligblewordon

d ed t o b e cl : f o r t he p i ec e i c o mp l et e

bourhoodo I . 4 grams. O necannot

-Malik b. Ya idw asthepre ect.

bS a i d

T S

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t h e Co m ma n de r o t h

l ie ve rs w ei gh t

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1. 41.

T V I I

, w h er e t he s t ar o n t he r e ve r se ( i a n y

t he r s n a me a r e o f t h e f l a n .

irector 141A . H. : 75 / 9A . D.

s to . . . . .. ? ) .

en a m e o A ll h :o r d e ro ]

s b .K a [ b . ...

u a r t e r[ q i s t ]

. .. f u ll m ea su re a t [ t h e ha nd s o ]

b . S h ur a h bi l l .

u uetC o llection 14 , w herethe

4 1 1 4 A . H . : 7 5 9 7 6 0 A. D .

T

r .

A ll h :

o r de re dN aw a lb .F u r t

ne s ty : we i gh t o o n e- h al

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ci al s 5

V I I

rrectly read.

S

n e- u ar te rq i s t.

A l l h :

dtheamirMuhamma. d

a t h th e ma k in g o i t

u ar te r q i st f u ll m ea su re

ha nd s o ‘ A bd ul l h

oE AG 75 whichwaserrone-

t. A re-e aminationo thepiece

ub , precedingthewordqist.

hitesesame-seed.

t he n am e o A l l h : or d er ed

a m ir M u ha m ma d b .

' a th t he m ak in g [ o i t ,

s ur eo j u l u l n

. . . .

T V I I

niversityCollege 15 , andF ou uet

o th o w hi c h ar e o bs c ur e i n th e f i t h l in e a nd

thepre ect arethesame. F or

e E A G S u pp l . p p . I 7 — I 9 .

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n b . Y a i d

1 52 A . H . : 7 59 7 6 9 A. D .

T

i ya h.

m pr i nt :

e

5 + J " A t th eh an ds o ‘ A bd al -R a hm n b.

6 .2 .

I I

w hi c h we i gh s 6 .2 2 g ra m s ( 9 6 g r ai n s .

s f r a ct io ns s ee E A G p p. 1 7 1 , a nd

a lso Grohmann P apy rusk unde

. n o . 91 a b ov e f o r a t hr e e- o un c e we i gh t .

t .

A l l h :

nd s o

a hm n

o ne -h al

u ll m ea su re .

I I

ol eg e 1 7 C a ir o 3 1 9 ( . . .

11 .

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ci al s 55

e- u ar te rq i s t.

2 7.

2 2 C a ir o 3 2 0 .

m

A . H . : 7 62 7 6 9 A. D .

T S

4 J e

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7 ; c . B M 1 4 1 5 l ac ki ng t he c re sc en t

o g er s J R A S 1 7 , n o . 16 .

r .

5 . ..

2 . I .

C a ir o 1 9 7- 2 00 ( i n co m pl e te .

r .

4 .

. . . .[ A t th e ha nd s o M u ha mm ad b .

. Sh ur a h b il ] .

T V I I

iversityC ollege 164 w herethe

nis incomplete.On U niversity

similarreversearea thenameo the

eservedandcertainlyseemsto be

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ci al s 57

a lthough ashere the lastgroup

itten.ThelegendA-5 inplaceo

S

s t.

-

b. H å -

m a t t he h an ds o

o ne -h al

f u ll

I I

mportantpiece f ordespite its

t ion( it ischippedatthe lowerright

rmstheassociationo Sa lamahw ith

T he a pp ro i ma te d at es o S al am ah s o f i ce

ta in. I nE A G( pp. 127-12 ) I very

ti y inghimw ithSa lamahb. R a ā ’ ,

veryshortperiodf romtheendo

162A . H. I havenow placedSa lamah

tw eenY a idb. HatimandMuhammad

hisassociationw iththesetw omen w ith

4 1 5 7 A. H .

mp.

ed t he a mi r

b .H ă t im

hk eephimstra ight.

oege 169 170( lastl inemisread .

na m es i s p r es e rv e d on t h e di s k- w ei g ht E A G 8 2 .

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irector sometimeca. 144-157A . H. : 762 774A . D.

T S

re e k ha r r b a h.

ht

e

6 . 8 .

I I I

4 . 1 -H + , " l a la ck in g .

o llection 60.

amah seep. 57 above. Sometime

d157A.H .Salamahmusthave

_ e w it h Y a i d b . H a t im a nd w i th

andstillw ithinthesameperiodbut

F inanceD irector. I tw asinthe latter

issued theseweightsandnos.

c ur i ou s t ha t h e ne v er g i ve s h is f a t he r s

do notbeartheusuale ecutive

3 0 k h ar r b ah .

5 . 2 .

5 . 1 .

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5 . 0 .

I o o C a ir o 3 7 2- 8 0 .

o r 3 0 s ee E A G p . I I , E A G S up pl .

a rr b a h.

5 . 02 .

V I I I

oege 190( 77. 1grains= 5. 00

8 1 ( w e ig h t no t g iv e n . J u n g l e is c h

nelles p. 272 hasoneinhisco llection

Thew eighto thesepiecesf a irly

etheoreticalw eighto 26k harr bah

G p . I o . T h e Co p ti c n ot a ti o n f o r 2 0 o n th i s

lestheGreek f orm thanitdoes

evariety . Thef igurefor6 isq uite

tiono thef ormonno. 106 above.

ethathisno . 56 , mentionedonp. 271o thesame

w eightw ith I gather thesamesymbols isa lso26

orsomereasonw hichI donotunderstandheinter-

ni ying29.Asthepiece isnotillustratedonecan

ngo thesymbolsonp. 269 w hichdi f ersinno

thatf orhis26-kharrabahpieceonp. 272. F urther-

o symbolsclosely resemblehisdraw ingo thesym-

p . 2 70 p r es e nt i ng “ n u m r o s d o r dr e s a ns d o ut e

u co p te m ai s f o r te me n t d f o r m s p a r l u s ag e n u m -

r o isservi paginerlespremiersmanuscritsarabes.

underno. 106 p. 42 above.

o p . ci t un de r no . 10 6 , T a , 5 ( a M S o 8 3 5 A .D . a nd

3 9A.D . .

s t a bl e ( l o c. c i t u n de r n o. 1 0 6 .

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Metrology

2 4 k ha r r b a h.

f a ls

d t we n -

b ah .

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l le c ti o n 6 1 U n i v e rs i ty C ol l eg e 1 8 .

t am p .

; C a ir o 3 1 2- 1 5.

"

D i r ec t or s o me t im e c a. 1 5 2 1 5 7 ( ? ) A . H . : 7 6 9 7 7 4

T S

ha rr b ah .

s m al l c hi p m is s in g .

ro p os e d id e nt i i c at i on o ‘ U m a r w i th ‘ U m a r b . Y a h y

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ci al s 6

3 5 " C ai ro 3 7 0 3 7 1 . F o r t he

ng 3 3 , s e e E A G S u pp l . p p . 3 1 3 2 .

6 above andthe3 closelyresembles

stableaswellastheGreek f ormina

n d se v er a l MS S o t h e 9t h c en t ur y .

3 2 k h a r r b a h .

.2 .

1 6 . 2 .

21 .

6 .1 7.

I I I

. 9 ( f r g. l ac ki ng .

2o a C ai ro 3 6 - 6 7.

h ar r i ab a h.

egh t

t hi rt y

2 .

I I I

R A S 1 7 , n o. 6 F o u u et C ol le ct io n

ty C ol l eg e 2 1 5 C ai r o 3 6 2 ( p o i n ts o m it t ed i n

veandbelowthenameand symbolsonthispiece

bed theyaree actlyashere .

o p . ci t u n de r n o. 1 0 6 , T a . 4 b a nd 5 .

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Metrology

p.

s o

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. F o u u e t Co l le c ti o n 1 9 7 w i th . . . . . .

me.

i n d th e n am e o ‘ U m a r b . Y a h y

amassigninghimroughly tothe

b . Sa i d ( c a . 15 2 1 5 7 A. H . b e ca u se o

eron twounpublisheddisk-

eseenintheB enak iMuseuminA thens.

entityo ‘ U marb. Yahy w iththeman

‘ U maronthecoinw eights( nos.

ypothesisisbasedontheargumentthat

resemblancebetweentheseweights

n o s. I 4 5 1 5 2 a b ov e , w h os e d at e s

withMuhammadb.Sa idand

a h y .

? ) A .H . : 7 69 7 74 ( ? ) A . D .

T S

A l l h :

b . Sa i d

d in r .

r . M . C h at i d ak i s D i r e c t or f o r f u r ni s hi n g me w i th

ndotherglassweightsin hischarge.

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lamah.

4. 23.

207( reversemarginef faced ;

arobverseandreverseareas buta

d U niversityC ollege 185 w ith

ameinthe reversearea which

w ithYa ldb. Hatim hashitherto

be lievethatI now havethecorrect

e ad a ^ . " b y w ei g ht " w h ic h i s

r ea d S u ey y ( ? ) ; G r o hm an n r ec o gn i e d

w hichcannotbereadherenoronmany

ensw hichI havee amined but

possibil ityonno. 1 3 be low 47

cribes( C a iro nos. 203-207 , ya3^ ,

. 193 thatthefirstgroupof letters

isclearlyimpossible.

be litt ledoubtthatthenameisanA rabic

aC opticversionof theGreek ( ult ima-

chappearsinpapy riintheforms

p ou g Z o u ai po u , S ou ^ p i , S or p i , e tc . ( i . e. S ev e-

eryw eightbearingthenamethat

edthefourthletterto beaj wronglyengraved

tyC ollege 185 .

N a me n bu c h ( H e i de l be r g 1 9 22 , c o l. 3 9 1 G u st a v

so n en n am e n de r K o p t e n ( S t ud i en z u r E p i g r ap h ik u n d

I , S ch ri ft 2 L e ip i g 1 92 9 , p . 10 3 a nd ( a s ho rt en ed

ariantA rabicformappearstobe^- . r , Saba-

f247A . H. ( A . Grohmann A rabicP apy riin

I I , C ai r o 1 93 , p p. 1 82 -1 83 .

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na lsinisincompletebecauseo lack o

therearespecimens( suchas

below onw hichthenameappearsto

a t e r se a rc h in g u ns u cc e ss u l ly f o r a C op t ic

tbe transliteratedintoArabicin

cometotheconclusionthatwhatappears

ttersbe orethewaw isactuallyaslip

ngraverandthattheelementsare

ntheotherspecimens. I t isindeed

uldhavebeentwocra tsmen

seproducts inthesameshop

sametimew ithnamesidentica le cept

woletters.

r .

-

mm ad

o n e- h al .

e o

s ] .

e h an d s o S a i d . . . .. . . . .

I I I

o 2 0 ( r e ve r se m ar g in e f a c ed ;

a d i n r w i th - l l & - - - in t h e re v er s e

t y Co l le g e 1 5 ( a l so a d i n r w i th p a rt

reservedinthemargin. F orthenamein

scussion underno.162 above.

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ci al s 65

-

d

r-

I I I

T

.

am eo A ll ] h ( ? ) :

t he a m i r ( ? )

ma d i b n S a i d :

. .. . . .

3 0 . 8 ( f r g. .

V I I I

bla ttheendo the lastlineappears

aring-w eighto Muhammadb.

b e lo w , o n a r at l i n th e U n i v er s it y C ol l eg e

, anotherratlintheF ou uetC o llection

sno. 51 , andonsevera lotherunpublished

abletosuggestane planationo its

rhapsre latedtothesymbolonan

214 be low , w hichinturnisprobably

e ightsdiscussedbyM. J ung le isch

ationsen' ab ad surdespoidsarabes

tn d e l I n s ti t ut d E g y pt e 1 9 5 0 1 9 51

e a r I c a nn o t go a l on g w it h M . J u n g l e is c h s

ymbolisa datewrittenaccording

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Metrology

T

A ll h :

am i r

. Sa i d

u ll w ei gh t.

o

t o p an d p ar t o o n e si d e , w i dt h 6 2 h e i g ht 5 0 + ,

: 3 5 s t am p B : 2 1 1 7 0. 2 0+ .

I I I

o llection 50( symbolatendo 4th

t . C . no . 165 above.

S

q i s t .

A l l h :

r

b. Sa id

st

l ar g e ri m f r g .

3 4 .

( o n e - u a rt e r la c ki n g .

Thename“Sa id appearstobe

nno. 167 onthetw oothersit isin-

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ci al s 67

rterq ist.

A l l h :

r

b . Sa i d

u a r t e rq i s t f u ll

4 .

X

l le c ti o n 1 6 , a n d Ca i ro 2 0 5 2 0 6

re c tl y t ra n sc r ib e d as b e in g o n th e 5 th l i ne .

7 5 A .D .

T S

me o A ll h : or de r

dMuhammad

o theB elievers

i ve h i m lo n g en o y me n t:

r

a ct ur eo a -

h j i r ] .

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bicMetrology

” A t th e ha nd s o M uh am ma d b.

X

uh j i r ( ? ) , s ee E A G p . 12 , a nd

b e lo w M u h am m ad b . S ul a ym n E A G

. n o s. 1 7 4 1 7 5 b e lo w.

e o A l l h : o rd e r o ]

Muhammad

t h e B e l ie v er s

nthim longen oyment:

r

. J " A t th eh an ds o t he am ir [ Y a hy ,

andero

X

vebeenabletorestorethenameinthe

owledgeo asimilarpiecein the

c t io n i n Al e a n dr i a w h er e “ Y a h y " i s

, be low adisk -w eighto his. A ha l

heUniversityC o llegeco llection

# 1 A l J , . . . i s d ou b tl e ss h i s al s o.

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ci al s 69

r .

J e

h :

o

ll

m irMuhammad

probablysim ilartoB M 20( last

ranscribed“. . . SMR ” ) .

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Metrology

. ..

I . 4 .

p r ob a bl y s im i la r t o B M 2 1 2 2

a nd U n i ve rs it y Co ll eg e 2 00 2 0 .

-

.

T I X

26. Seethediscussionthere

n am e I s m ‘ i l b . I b r a h im

Documents

Contributions to Arabic metrology. I: Early Arabic glass weights and measure stamps acquired by the American Numismatic Society, 1951-1956 / by Georges C. Miles