Contributions to Management Science

More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/1505

Alina Mihaela Dima

Editor

Doing Business in Europe

Economic Integration Processes, Policies,and the Business Environment

EditorAlina Mihaela DimaUNESCO Chair for Business AdministrationBucharest University of Economic StudiesBucharest, Romania

ISSN 1431-1941 ISSN 2197-716X (electronic)Contributions to Management ScienceISBN 978-3-319-72238-2 ISBN 978-3-319-72239-9 (eBook)https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72239-9

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Preface

In the present context, doing business in Europe is a challenging endeavour. The

evolution of the ongoing integration process in the context of EU enlargement is a

phenomenon that has a twofold impact: on people and businesses alike. In a

changing and challenging European environment, companies should redesign

their business strategy in order to cope with common rules and practices but also

with the multi-specific consumer behaviour. On the other hand, managing a busi-

ness in a complex environment is not an easy task especially when it comes to

addressing the needs of the consumers, and, in this case, corporate social respon-

sibility becomes an essential dimension in the activity of the company. The main

issues related to European integration and EU policies offer the necessary knowl-

edge to improve business competitiveness in an ever-growing Europe. The main

issues related to European integration and EU policies provide the necessary

knowledge to improve business competitiveness in Europe.

The book brings together an international panel of experts within the field of

economic integration and international business conveying the absolute link

between the two dimensions: the impact of the integration process(es) on the

business environment. The multiple perspectives are highlighted through the

numerous examples and case studies showing concretely how “local business”

becomes “international business” in the light of opportunities, constraints and

overall historical changes. Therefore, the book has as its study focus the integration

group that is considered to have reached the highest economic integration level: the

European Union. As such, starting with the regional and global economic integra-

tion framework, going through the multicultural structure that makes everything

possible and how the union came to be, the book shows how the common policies of

the EU impact businesses and entrepreneurship within both the common market

and the Member States.

For students taking European integration or international business and entrepre-

neurship courses (or adjacent), learning about the intricacies of how EU became

what it is today often proves a rather challenging undertaking, but the multitude of

applications and cases, by country and by concept, illustrating the theory with

v

detailed analysis of the specific effects of the integration process on the business

environment, should make it far more achievable. Nevertheless, the book ultimately

proves to be a useful tool for both academics and business people with any sort of

interest in the European issues and business. The readers of the book will gain

advantages such as having the knowledge of the specific issues defining the

economic and political context in Europe, understanding the main concepts related

to integration accompanied by cases and examples, analysing main EU sectoral

policies and constraints for people and businesses, also defining the main chal-

lenges of the EU enlargement and identifying the main advantages and disadvan-

tages of doing business in Europe in the present context.

The book envisages international collaboration by authorship, reviewers, edito-

rial board and readers. Using the format of an edited book with international

participation, this offers to the integration process different views and perspectives.

The different affiliation of the prestigious authors from various countries provides a

different perspective over the integration process and its effects on the businesses in

each country. The book includes many examples, applications, study cases and case

studies by country where we could analyse in detail the specific effects of the

integration process on the business environment.

Bucharest, Romania Alina Mihaela Dima

vi Preface

Contents

European Union Between the Big Bang and the Big Crunch . . . . . . . . . 1

Vicenc Fernandez Alarcon, Shahrazad Hadad, and Simona Irina Goia

(Agoston)

The Single European Market: Challenges for Doing Business . . . . . . . . 21

Dumitru Miron

European Union Trade Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

Dumitru Miron

European Cohesion Policy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

Gabriela Carmen Pascariu and Cristian Incaltarau

The Relationship Between Competition Policy and Innovation in the

European Business Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105

Alina Mihaela Dima, Ramona Cantaragiu, and Laura Gabriela Istudor

The Euro and European Monetary Policy: A Critical View . . . . . . . . . . 125

Cristian Paun

Fiscal Policy of the EU: Implications for Romania . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149

Ionut Dumitru and Ionela Dumitru

The European Energy Union (EEU): From Dream to Reality . . . . . . . . 171

Adrian Tantau, Holger Berg, and Maria Alexandra Maassen

EU Policy for Digital Society . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195

Thierry Burger-Helmchen and Georgeta-Madalina Meghisan-Toma

Social Entrepreneurship Across the European Union: An

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213

Christine Volkmann, Simona Irina Goia (Agoston), and Shahrazad Hadad

The Role of Social Enterprises at European Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235

Carmen Paunescu and Roger Evans

vii

Entrepreneurship of Family Businesses in the European Union . . . . . . . 255

Łukasz Sułkowski, Andrzej Marjanski, and Joanna Sułkowska

The Effects of European Integration in the Tourism Industry:

Consequences of the Last Accession Waves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271

Luminita Nicolescu and Maria-Irina Ana

Sociotechnical Challenges of Transition Economy SMEs During EU

Integration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295

Narasimha Rao Vajjhala and Kenneth David Strang

From Successful SMEs to Entrepreneurial Society and the Importance

of the Entrepreneurial Mindset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315

Lavinia Rasca, Alecxandrina Deaconu, and Sheb True

The Creative Economy in Romania, a Key Factor of Economic

Integration in the European Union . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329

Sorin-George Toma, Daniel Peptenatu, Ion Andronache,

Helmut Ahammer, Radu-Daniel Pintilii, Cristian-Constantin Draghici,

and Adrian Gabriel Simion

Differentiation Strategy and Rankings in Higher Education: Role of

Rankings in Building a Strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351

Magdalena Iordache-Platis

Big Business Bias? European Policy at the Expense of Small and

Alternative Ventures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 371

Volker Rundshagen and Markus Raueiser

Innovation Support Strategies for Enhancing Business Competitiveness

in the European Union: Programmes, Objectives and Economic Impact

Assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 393

Francesco Bellini and Fabrizio D’Ascenzo

Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in Enterprises on

the Over The Counter (OTC) Markets in European Union: Case Study

of Polish NewConnect Market . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413

Jacek Wozniak and Wioletta Wereda

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 447

viii Contents

About the Authors

Helmut Ahammer, PhD, is assistant professor with the Institute of Biophyiscs,

Medical University of Graz. His research areas include nonlinear image analyses

and software development. Address: 6, Neue Stiftingtalstraße, A-8010 Graz,

Austria.

Maria-Irina Ana is a PhD student at the Bucharest University of Economic

Studies and holds a master’s degree in international business management and a

bachelor’s degree in international business and economics at the Faculty of Inter-

national Business and Economics, within the Bucharest University of Economic

Studies. Her thesis is on international marketing strategies, with research interests

also pertaining to tourism and hospitality, European Union trade and policies,

international economics, international education, marketing management, quanti-

tative analysis and internationalizing business strategies.

Ion Andronache is senior researcher with the Research Center for Integrated

Analysis and Territorial Management (CAIMT), University of Bucharest. His

research areas include fractal analysis, textural image analysis, ramification pat-

terns and medical geography. Address: 4-12, Regina Elisabeta Av., Sector 3, Bucha-

rest, Romania.

Francesco Bellini (degree in economics, MSc in economics and management of

technological change, PhD in technological innovation management) is research

director at Eurokleis, a spin-off of the University of Rome La Sapienza where he is

research fellow at the Department of Management. He professor of finance at the

International Telematic University UNINETTUNO and scientific consultant for a

number of private and public bodies. During his professional career, he worked in

about 30 EC projects coordinating 4 of them (MIRACLES FP5-GRD1-2001-40047,

ix

MTM FP5- IST 1999-11100, MIETTA FP4-LE4-8343 and MAXICULTURE

FP7-ICT 601070). He is author of three books and about 70 publications. He has

an extensive experience in innovation impact assessment and foresight.

Holger Berg is project coordinator in the research unit “Circular Economy” of the

Wuppertal Institute for Climate, Environment and Energy. His professional exper-

tise includes sustainable entrepreneurship and innovation in renewable energy and

resource efficiency, behavioural and experimental aspects of sustainable consump-

tion and learning and resource efficiency in SMEs. Holger is specifically interested

in the chances of and effects of digital transformation. He has worked as an expert

for several national and international organizations. He teaches entrepreneurship

and business ethics.

Thierry Burger-Helmchen is full professor in management science. He is

researcher at BETA-UMR 7522 CNRS (A+AERES). He is the author of more

than 20 articles in peer-reviewed journals (referenced AERES, CNRS, FNEGE),

and he has published several books (textbooks and research books) on econom-

ics and management. He was invited editor of several special issues in econom-

ics of innovation and economics of strategy (Journal of Innovation Economics,

Journal of Strategy and Management, International Management). Lately, he

directed three books on entrepreneurship and on the economics of creativity. He

managed and/or participated in several research projects (financed by Unistra,

ANR, Region Alsace, EU or private companies). Recently, he obtained the

Syntec Prize for the best academic article in strategy with significant practical

reach.

Ramona Cantaragiu currently teaches entrepreneurship and other business sub-

jects as an associate teaching assistant at the Bucharest University of Economic

Studies. In 2016, she received her PhD from the same university for her work on

academic entrepreneurship in Romanian social sciences. As a junior expert in

academic entrepreneurship, she was part of the team which elaborated the institu-

tional strategy of BUES for the period 2014–2016. Her research interests are in the

fields of academic entrepreneurship, knowledge management, social entrepreneur-

ship, creative industries and higher education. Since 2012, she has also been the

technical and language editor of the international journal Management & Market-

ing: Challenges for the Knowledge Society, published by the Society of Business

Excellence and De Gruyter.

x About the Authors

Paun Cristian, PhD, is professor at the

Bucharest University of Economic Studies,

Faculty of International Business and Eco-

nomics. His lectures are on international

finance, international financial markets

and institutions, international investments

and international risk management. He

obtained his PhD with a doctoral thesis

on international investment risk manage-

ment in 2005. He was habilitated to coor-

dinate PhD students in 2017 with a

habilitation thesis on crisis contagion and

solutions. From 2016, he is the vice dean of

the Faculty of International Business and

Economics being responsible for research

activities. From 2009, he was elected CEO

of Romanian Society for Economics, a

professional association of Romanian economists that was created in 1991. He was

executive director of Research Centre on International Business and Economics

between 2012 and 2016. He coordinated as director of two national research grants:

one project focused on risk aversion of Romanian investors (2008–2009) and one

project focused on crisis contagion in Eastern European Countries (2013–2015). He

wrote more than 60 academic articles published in various local and international

academic journals (including 10 ISI ranked articles). He participated as member of

research team to many research projects coordinated by the Bucharest University of

Economic Studies or Romanian Academy. He is consultant in the field of finance and

risk management and blogger since 2008 and invited to various publications from

Romania and various TV shows as expert on economic problems.

Profil Research Gate: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Paun_Cristian

Profil Google Scholar: https://scholar.google.com/citations?user¼OH0Z1JgAAAAJ

Professional Blog: http://cristianpaun.finantare.ro

Fabrizio D’Ascenzo (degree in economics, PhD in commodities science) is full

professor of production management and ICT in the Faculty of Economics of

Sapienza University of Rome and is the director of the Department of Management.

He is deputy rector of Sapienza University for the relationships with companies and

is the director of the postgraduate course of Sapienza University in European

Projects. He has been responsible for two Tempus projects CD-JEP 25165-2004

and ETF-JP-00237-2008 of Sapienza University. He is responsible for the master’scourse “Economy of enterprise, Quality and Innovation” conducted in partnership

with the University of Economics (UNECON) of St. Petersburg in Russia which is

the result of the first Tempus project of the two cited above. He is responsible for

the agreements of Sapienza with the University of California—Berkeley and with

About the Authors xi

the University MGIMO of Moscow. He is author and co-author of more than

100 books and papers published in Italy and abroad.

Alecxandrina Deaconu, PhD, is professor at the Bucharest University of Eco-

nomic Studies, Department of Management. She teaches at the Faculty of Man-

agement and Business Administration Faculty in foreign languages. Her expertise is

in the fields of business management, human resources management and organi-zational behaviour. She is trainer in programmes for multinational companies and

public institutions from Romania and researcher in numerous European and

national research projects. She has published scientific and professional books

and participated in national and international conferences. She is also member of

the editorial board of scientific journals and coordinates and assesses doctoral thesis

in the management field. Between 2008 and 2016, Alecxandrina Deaconu was vice

dean of the Faculty of Business Administration, in foreign languages.

Alina Mihaela Dima is a full professor

at the Bucharest University of Economic

Studies, Faculty of Business Administra-

tion, and since November 2011, she is

the director of the UNESCO Department

for Business Administration. Alina Dima

has graduated in 1998 from the Interna-

tional Business and Economics Faculty

(REI) within the Bucharest University of

Economic Studies; she has a master’sdegree in economics, specialization in

Intra-European Transactions and a PhD

in economics since 2007 with specializa-

tion in international business and eco-

nomics. Her main research fields of interest are international business,

competition policy, European integration and higher education. She has coordi-

nated two national projects related to competition policy and higher education in

Europe financed by UEFISCDI. She is one of the founding members and the vice-

president of the association “Society for Business Excellence”; chief editor of the

journal Management & Marketing: Challenges for the Knowledge Society indexed

in more than 20 international databases (Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI),

Scopus, Cabell’s, Index Copernicus, CEEOL, EBSCO, RePEc, DOAJ, Ulrich and

ProQuest) and published by De Gruyter German Publishing House; and President

of the International Conference on Business Excellence (indexed in Thomson

Reuters ISI Web of Science (WOS) Conference Proceedings Citation Index). She

has presented various papers at academic conferences in Romania and outside, and

she has published more than 70 articles, books and papers in prestigious national

and international journals, such as Transylvanian Review of Administrative Stud-

ies, Amfiteatru Economic Journal, Business Review Cambridge (BRC), Interna-

tional Journal of Liability and Scientific Enquiry (IJLSE) and Romanian Journal of

xii About the Authors

Economic Forecasting. She is the single editor of the book Handbook on Researchon Trends in European Higher Education Convergence (2014) published by IGI

Global USA, she is the co-author of 17 chapters in international edited books and

she is a member in the Scientific Committee of the International Conference ECIC

organized by Academic Conferences and indexed ISI Proceedings.

Cristian-Constantin Draghici, PhD, is assistant professor with the Faculty of

Geography, University of Bucharest. His research areas include tourism, territorial

systems and economic geography. Address: 1, Nicolae Balcescu Avenue, Sector

1, Bucharest, Romania.

Ionela Dumitru, PhD, is senior lecturer at the Faculty for Business Administration

(with teaching in foreign languages), the Department for Business Administration.

In 2004, she graduated from the Faculty of Economic Studies in Foreign Languages

(English Section), and in 2006, she graduated the Master Program “Models of

Excellence in Business”, the Academy of Economic Studies, Bucharest. She earned

her PhD in 2009, with a dissertation entitled “The Evaluation of Intellectual Capital

of Universities”.

She is founder member of Society for Business Excellence. She published two

university textbooks in Management and two books on organizational intellectual

capital as author or co-author.

Ionut Dumitru, PhD, is professor of finance at the Faculty of Finance, Insurance,

Banking and Stock Exchange, Department of Money and Banking, within the

Bucharest University of Economic Studies. Also, he is chairman of the Fiscal

Council of Romania, chief economist at Raiffeisen Bank Romania and vice-

president of the Association of Financial and Banking Analysts of Romania

(AAFBR), affiliated to EFFAS (the European Federation of Financial Analysts

Societies). He graduated from the Faculty of Finance, Insurance, Banking and

Stock Exchange, has a master’s degree in “Financial and Monetary Policies and

Strategies” within the Doctoral School of Finance and Banking (DOFIN) and

obtained his PhD degree in finance at the Bucharest University of Economic

Studies. Mr. Dumitru is a member of the Romanian Association for the Club of

Rome and SOREC—Romanian Society of Economics.

Roger Evans is a specialist with the Estonian University of Life Sciences (Eesti

Maaülikool) and owner of a small project development/management company

working in the field of rural community and tourism development, micro-business

development, social entrepreneurship, training and curriculum development for

rural tourism, craft and local food production, rural community and rural develop-

ment education in the Baltic States and Europe. He is working with the Estonian

Government, Tallinn City Government and the Estonian Social Enterprise Network

to create opportunities for increasing social enterprise.

About the Authors xiii

Vicenc Fernandez Alarcon is director in the UNESCO Chair of Higher Education

Management at Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya and professor in the Depart-

ment of Management at the same university. He received a PhD in innovation

management in pharmaceutical industry, but in the last years he has focused on

organizational behaviour. He has been a visiting researcher at Newcastle University

(UK) and visiting professor at Beijing Jiaotong University (China). His research

interests include organizational behaviour, organizational knowledge and decision-

making. He has published in several international journals, such as Journal of

Organizational Change Management, Cities, International Journal of Simulation

Modeling, Sustainability, Technological Forecasting and Social Change and Team

Performance Management.

Simona Goia (Agoston) is an associate professor at the Bucharest University of

Economic Studies (ASE), Faculty of Business Administration in Foreign Lan-

guages. She holds a PhD in the field of business administration since 2011, and

she teaches within the German and English department of the faculty. Her scientific

interests include social entrepreneurship, educational policies, intellectual capital

and European policies. Simona Goia (Agoston) has wide international experience

and in this respect should be mentioned two DAAD scholarships in Germany, each

of them for one academic year—one for studies and later on for research and

teaching—and two other doctoral and postdoctoral research stays in Spain. Besides

her teaching and research activity, she is engaged in various other projects espe-

cially in the field of education carried out in collaboration with national and

international organizations.

Shahrazad Hadad is currently a teaching assistant at the Bucharest University of

Economic Studies. Since 2012, she teaches within the Faculty of Business Admin-

istration (English section): business management, European business environment,

business decision processes and social entrepreneurship to undergraduates. In 2015,

she was awarded PhD in business administration—economics—corporate social

entrepreneurship. She was engaged in SOPHRD “Performance and excellence in

doctoral and postdoctoral research in Romanian economics science domain”

(159/1.5/S/142115) and was awarded the distinction for remarkable results in

research. In 2013, she participated in the elaboration of the Institutional Strategy

of ASE as a junior expert in social entrepreneurship. Since 2012, she has been

technical and language editor for the international journal Management & Market-

ing: Challenges for the Knowledge Society. She has participated in various inter-

national and national academic conferences publishing numerous scientific articles.

She is one of the organizers of “International Conference on Business Excellence”

(2016–present).

Cristian Incaltarau is researcher at the Centre for European Studies (CES) of

Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi (UAIC). He holds a PhD in economics and

international business from UAIC. His main research interest is related to the

bilateral influence between labour mobility and development (internal/international

xiv About the Authors

migration and the impact in the origin region/country, economics of remittances,

migration transition drivers). His research is also related to EU cohesion policy

implementation and structural funds absorption drivers.

Magdalena Iordache-Platis is professor of economics and marketing with an

experience of more than 25 years of in teaching and research. She is author of

several articles, books and chapters published nationally and internationally, chair

at several conferences, invited speaker and participant at many others, former dean

of the Faculty of Business and Administration and project manager or member in

different European and national projects dedicated to quality assurance, doctoral

studies, awareness building, etc. Currently, She is vice-rector in charge of quality

assurance and business relationship and coordinator of the quality assurance pro-

cesses at institutional level and of other external evaluation processes. She is also

responsible for data submission to global rankings and developing partnership with

different stakeholders and organizer of many events dedicated to employability and

soft skills for students. Areas of interest include academic leadership, strategic

management, university–industry cooperation, intellectual capital, educational

marketing and management.

Laura Gabriela Istudor is a PhD student at the Bucharest University of Economic

Studies. The field of research of her thesis is creative economy and the knowledge-

based society, with a focus on innovation and entrepreneurship. She holds a

bachelor’s degree in business administration and a master’s in entrepreneurship

and business administration within the Bucharest University of Economic Studies.

Maria Alexandra Maassen is assistant professor at the Bucharest University of

Economic Studies, UNESCO Chair for Business Administration. Ms. Maassen has

a PhD in business administration from the Bucharest University of Economic

Studies (2012–2015). Her PhD thesis research focuses on the subject of business

models in renewable energy with case study on wind energy in Germany, the

Netherlands and Romania. In 2014, Maria Maassen was also guest researcher at

the Wageningen University, the Netherlands. She is also a member of the Business

Excellence Society since 2015 and has participated in the organizing committee of

the Business Excellence Society conferences since 2016.

Andrzej Marjanski is PhD of management sciences. He works as associate dean

of the Faculty of Management and head of the Chair of Entrepreneurship and

Family Businesses at the University of Social Sciences in Lodz, Poland.

Hi is a member of IFERA—International Family Research Academy, the Inter-

national Atlantic Economic Society and the Family Business Initiative Association

(IFR). In the period 2009–2010, he participated as expert in the work of the research

team “Research family companies in Poland” realized by Pentor for PARP. Hi was

a member of National Council of Entrepreneurship at the Ministry of Economy

(2013–2015). Since 2011, he is the chair of the Family Businesses Scientific

Conference.

About the Authors xv

His research interests focus on the issue of family businesses, management of

SMEs and entrepreneurship. He participated as expert in several research projects

and on commissions for the evaluation of economic projects. He has published over

90 publications.

Georgeta-Madalina Meghisan is associate professor and PhD in management

and marketing science at the University of Craiova, Faculty of Economics and

Business Administration, Romania. She is Scientific Researcher III at the Roma-

nian Academy, National Institute of Economic Research “Costin C. Kiritescu”,

Bucharest, Romania. She is the author of more than 20 articles in international

database journals, and she has published several books in marketing and manage-

ment. She was awarded the Third Prize for Economics Literature in the field of

Commerce-Tourism by AFER (Association of Economic Faculties from Romania)

for the book Strategies on the Mobile Telecommunications Market from Romania,Shaker Verlag Publishing House, Aachen, Germany (2012).

Dumitru Miron, PhD, has published 21 books as single author, coordinator or one

of the co-authors and over 30 scientific papers analysing the main challenges

European and international affairs are confronted with and presenting interesting

points of view and solutions. He was project manager or team member for more

than 10 research and development projects. As a member of Bologna Follow-Up

Group and participant of Bergen 2005 and London 2007 Bologna conferences, he

promoted internationalization dimension of education. He was for three mandates

(2000–2012) vice-rector of the Bucharest University of Economic Studies and dean

of the Faculty of International Business and Economics. Between 2005 and 2008,

Dumitru Miron was State Secretary for Higher Education and European Integration

with the Ministry of Education. He is one of the members of Team Europe and

holds courses and conferences in international trade, trade policies and European

business environment (a Jean Monnet course).

Luminita Nicolescu is a professor at the Faculty of International Business and

Economics, Bucharest University of Economic Studies (ASE), Romania. She holds

a PhD from Canterbury Business School, University of Kent, UK, and her main

fields of interest are marketing, international marketing, international business,

higher education and management of SMEs. She has an extended publishing

experience as she has published over 50 books and chapters in books and over

70 papers and articles in journals, both Romanian and from abroad. One of her main

activities of interest is academic research, illustrated by the fact that she coordi-

nated and participated as a research team member in more than 30 research projects

conducted at national and international level.

Gabriela Carmen Pascariu is professor of economics and European economy at

the Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza”

University of Iasi. She is also director of the Centre for European Studies; Jean

Monnet Chair Ad Personam holder in EU sustainable development, regional

xvi About the Authors

cohesion and European policies; and a Team Europe expert. With over 25 years of

teaching and research experience, she is currently an expert and evaluator in

different commissions and a member in several national and international associ-

ations; she is the editor in chief of Eastern Journal of European Studies. Her key

areas of expertise are the economics of the European integration, regional economy

and policies, tourism and regional development.

Carmen Paunescu is a professor of entrepreneurship at the UNESCO Department

for Business Administration, the Bucharest University of Economic Studies (ASE)

from Romania. She is a fellow of various faculty development programmes in the

field of entrepreneurship, like European Entrepreneurship Colloquium on

Participant-Centered Learning—EECPL 2007 run by Harvard Business School—

or European Entrepreneurship Colloquium—EEC 2009 run by European Founda-

tion for Entrepreneurship Research. Carmen benefited from different scholarships

as visiting researcher at various universities in Europe and the USA. Her main

research interests lie in the area of theories, applications and strategic issues of

social entrepreneurship, social value creation, corporate entrepreneurship and busi-

ness continuity. Her articles have been published in international journals, such as

Journal of Business Economics and Management and Amfiteatru Economic.

Daniel Peptenatu, PhD, is assistant professor with the Faculty of Geography,

University of Bucharest. His research areas include territorial management and

economic geography. Address: 1, Nicolae Balcescu Av., Sector 1, Bucharest,

Romania.

Radu-Daniel Pintilii, PhD, is lecturer with the Faculty of Geography, University

of Bucharest. His research areas include geography of tourism, statistical analysis

and GIS. Address: 1, Nicolae Balcescu Av., Sector 1, Bucharest, Romania.

Lavinia Rasca, PhD, is co-founder, professor of strategy, entrepreneurship and HR

and advisory board member of the Institute for Business Administration in Bucha-

rest (ASEBUSS) and co-founder, general manager and board member of EXEC-

EDU—a leading Romanian training company.

She has worked with thousands of students, managers and entrepreneurs, in

undergraduate programmes, executive MBA and MBA programmes, short courses,

PHARE, ACDI, UDAID, EU programmes, in consulting.

Educated at HBS, Cambridge, IESE, UW, WSU, etc., she holds a PhD in

entrepreneurship.

She has authored and co-authored research papers, articles and books and was

speaker in conferences, TV and radio programmes. She has been included in the list

of Top 100 Successful Women—Capital, Top 200 Most Powerful Business

Women—Business Magazine, Top 1000 most important business people—ZF,

The Encyclopedia of Romanian Personalities—Who is who, etc. She is member

of HR Club and Society for Business Excellence, co-founder and first president of

Professional Women Network Romania.

About the Authors xvii

Markus Raueiser is Vice President of International Development and Dean of

International Business at Cologne Business School. He joined that institution in

2006 following an appointment as CEMS officer at Universitat zu K€oln. He

completed his doctorate in 2005 in the field of economic geography as guest

researcher at Copenhagen Business School with a thesis on the biotech cluster of

the Oresund region. He also gained practical experience outside academia, partic-

ularly through assignments with (Deutsche Bank, WDR in Cologne and KPMG

Peat Marwick in New York). His major research interests are European business,

policy and higher education as well as regional economic clusters in Europe.

Markus Raueiser is a member of the Academy of Management, divisions of

Management Education and Development (MED) and International Management

(IM).

Volker Rundshagen In April 2017, Volker Rundshagen joined Stralsund Univer-

sity of Applied Sciences as professor for general management, leisure and tourism

management. Previously, he was lecturer in business and tourism at Cologne

Business School. His work experience includes assignments with tour operators,

airlines and tourism consultancies. He holds MA in tourism management of the

University of Brighton and a University of Louisville MBA degree. In 2016, he

completed his Doctor of Business Administration (Higher Education Management)

at the University of Bath with a thesis on business schools in the neoliberal era. His

major research interests are the role of business schools in society and pluralist

business and tourism higher education. Volker Rundshagen is a regular research

paper presenter at the Academy of Management and an active member of its

divisions of Management Education and Development (MED) and Critical Man-

agement Studies (CMS).

Adrian Gabriel Simion is master’s student at the Faculty of Geography, Univer-

sity of Bucharest. His research areas include cartography and GIS. Address: 4-12,

Regina Elisabeta Av., Sector 3, Bucharest, Romania.

Kenneth David Strang has over 35 years of career experience in business, project

management, consulting and education. He has more than 200 mostly single-

authored scholarly publications including research methods, and he was a contrib-

utor to the ISO/Project Management Body of Knowledge. He is a professor and a

programme coordinator at the State University of New York. He has been teaching

and supervising undergraduate, graduate and doctoral students since 1997 across

five disciplines: business administration, management information systems, mar-

keting/consumer behaviour, supply chain management and economics/statistics.

Ken has a doctorate in project management (business research), an MBA (strategic

management), a BSBA (marketing) and an AS (IT) all with summa cum laude/

honours. Also, he is an internationally licensed project management professional.

Dr. Strang has lifetime grants + projects valued over $7 million+. Also, he has won

several honours including the Emerald Literati, Duke of Edinborough community

xviii About the Authors

service award and several presidential citations. He is the founder/editor-in-chief of

the well-indexed International Journal of Risk and Contingency Management as

well as being associate editor of several other reputed international journals. He is

and was a board of director, CEO and president, and he has worked for organiza-

tions such as Blue Cross and IBM. He volunteers for many non-profit organizations

and universities.

Joanna Sułkowska holds a PhD in medical sciences. She is the Assistant Director

of the Institute of Health and Chair of Management of the University of Social

Sciences, Lodz, Poland. She participated as an expert in several research projects

and sat on commissions for the evaluation of economic projects. She is also a

consultant in implementation projects in medical institutions. Her research interests

include management in health care services, quality management of medical

services, development strategies, organizational culture, human capital and man-

agement in the medical sector and entrepreneurship and management of family

businesses. She is the author, co-author and editor of over 60 publications.

Łukasz Sułkowski is professor of economics specializing in the discipline of

management sciences. He works as the head of the Chair of HEI Management

Department at the Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland, and as the Head Chair

of Management of the University of Social Sciences, Lodz, Poland. He is also the

Program Director of Clark University, MA, USA, Branch Campus in Poland.

Professor Sułkowski is the vice-president and head of advisory team for interna-

tionalization of the Polish Accreditation Committee. He is a member of several

academic societies including Academy of Management (AM), Reseau des Pays du

Groupe de Visegrad (PGV) and Polish Accreditation Committee (SAC Presidium).

He is a member of scientific councils and a reviewer in several renowned Polish and

foreign scientific journals. He has published over 300 works, the main areas of

which include cognitive and methodological problems of management and market-

ing, entrepreneurship and management of family businesses, organizational culture

and human capital and management in the medical sector.

Adrian Tantau is professor at ASE Bucharest, UNESCO Chair for Business

Administration. Between 2012 and 2016, he was dean of the Faculty of Business

Administration. Between 2012 and 2016, he was president of Society for Business

Excellence. Between 2009 and 2013, he was member in the board of the company

Hidroserv Portile de Fier S.A., Drobeta Turnu Severin.

Mr. Adrian Tantau has a PhD in electrical engineering and PhD in manage-

ment. His research activity is focused on business models in energy, especially

renewable energy, energy security and energy efficiency. At present, he is coordi-

nating PhD thesis in this field.

He is member at European Foundation for Entrepreneurship Research, since

2006; member at Scientific Committee at International Conference on Business

Excellence, Brasov 2009–2014; and member at Scientific Committee at Interna-

tional Conference Business Excellence in Energy, Bucharest 2016, 2017.Also, he

About the Authors xix

is honorary member at Romanian National Committee at Global Energy

Council, in 2014.

Sorin-George Toma, PhD, is professor with the Faculty of Administration and

Business, University of Bucharest. His research areas include entrepreneurship,

business, strategy and marketing. Address: 4-12, Regina Elisabeta Av., Sector

3, Bucharest, Romania.

Sheb True, PhD, is professor of marketing, senior international officer, special

assistant to the dean for strategic initiatives, director of the B.B.A. International

Business major, director of the GAVE Program and director of the RSPV Paul

D. Coverdell Fellows Program at the Michael J. Coles College of Business at

Kennesaw State University. Prior to Coles College, he served on the faculty at

Loyola Marymount University (California) and was the associate director of the

Global Comparative Management Systems Graduate Program. In addition, he has

taught marketing and leadership courses at universities in Asia, Europe (Institute

for Business Administration—ASEBUSS, Bucharest) and the Americas.

Dr. True has published more than 50 research articles in academic journals and

conference proceedings and edited 5 books. He has led the strategic redevelopment

of the MBA programme at Kennesaw State University that resulted in the first

rankings of the programme—#22 in the USA by Bloomberg BusinessWeek.

Narasimha Rao Vajjhala is the chair of the computer science and software

engineering departments and an assistant professor at the American University of

Nigeria, Yola, Nigeria. He holds a doctorate in management in organizational

leadership with specialization in information systems and technology. He has

over 15 years of teaching experience. He is a senior member of Association of

Computer Machinery (ACM) as well as Institute of Electronic and Electrical

Engineers (IEEE) and is also a certified project management professional (PMP).

His research interests include knowledge management, knowledge sharing in

transition economies, cross-cultural management, technology acceptance, cloud

computing and big data.

Christine Volkmann is head of the Chair of Entrepreneurship and Economic

Development and the UNESCO Chair in Entrepreneurship and Intercultural Man-

agement. Since 2008, she is also director of the Institute for Entrepreneurship and

Innovations Research at Schumpeter School of Business and Economics at the

University of Wuppertal. In 2011, she initiated the foundation of the interdisciplin-

ary Jackstadt Research Center for Entrepreneurship and Innovation and serves as

chairwoman of the executive committee. From 1999 to 2008, she was professor at

Westphalian University of Applied Sciences, where she was awarded the

“UNESCO Chair of Entrepreneurship and Intercultural Management” in 2005.

She is a renowned member of the national and international scientific entrepreneur-

ship community, e.g. as a former member of the EFER scientific advisory board and

currently as a jury member of the EY Entrepreneur of the Year Award. She has

xx About the Authors

worked as an advisor for various EU organizations and is committed to several

foundations, including the German Academic Scholarship Foundation. In previous

years, she gained practical experience, especially in large corporate enterprises.

WiolettaWereda, PhD, has been an academic teacher since 2000. Currently, she is

employed as assistant professor at the Faculty of Economic and Legal Sciences at

the University of Natural Sciences and Humanities in Siedlce. She also works at the

Institute of Organization and Management at the Military University of Technology

in Warsaw. She cooperates with many universities from different countries due to

Erasmus Plus Programme. Wioletta Wereda is the author and co-author of more

than 100 publications. Her research interests are focused on customer relationship

management (CRM), stakeholder relationship management (SRM), inter-

organizational relationships and trust and modelling of intelligent organizations

in the private and public sectors. Since 2003, she has been involved in the organi-

zation of International Scientific Conferences and Workshops, as well as in other

international initiatives, in both the scientific and practical spheres. In addition,

Wioletta Wereda has been involved for many years in cooperation with local

authorities and the business community.

Jacek Wozniak, MA, is a teaching assistant at the Faculty of Cybernetics at the

Military University of Technology in Warsaw (Institute of Organization and Man-

agement). The areas of his scientific interests are risk and innovation management,

information resources management, business process efficiency analysis, as well as

analysis of the hidden costs, and the use of IT tools supporting decision-making

processes. Jacek Wozniak is the author or co-author of dozens of chapters in

monographs and articles in scientific journals.

About the Authors xxi