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CONTROL

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DEFINITION

Control is the process of monitoring activities to ensurethat they are being accomplished as planned and

correcting any significant deviations.

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CONTROLPROCESSSTEPS

Establish standards of performance, goals, or

targets against which performance is evaluated.

Measure actual performance

Compare actual performance

against chosen standards

Evaluate results and take corrective action

when the standard is not being achieved.

1.

2.

3.

4.

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ESTABLISHINGSTANDARDS

Measurable or tangible - Those standards which can bemeasured and expressed are called as measurable

standards. They can be in form of cost, output,

expenditure, time, profit, etc.

Non-measurable or intangible- There are standards

which cannot be measured monetarily. For example-performance of a manager, workers attitudes towards a

concern.

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THECONTROLPROCESS

Objectives StandardMeasure

actualperformance

Compare

actualperformancewith standard

Is standard

being attained?

Is varianceacceptable?

Is standardacceptable?

Revisestandard

Do

nothing

Donothing

Identifycause ofvariation

Correctperformance

No

No

No

Yes

Yes

Yes

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FEATURESOFCONTROLLINGFUNCTION

1. Controlling is an end function- A function which comes once theperformances are made in conformities with plans.

2. Controlling is a pervasive function- which means it is performed bymanagers at all levels and in all type of concerns.

3. Controlling is forward looking- Controlling always looks to future so thatfollow-up can be made whenever required.

4. Controlling is a dynamic process- changes have to be made whereverpossible.

5. Controlling is related with planning- Planning and Controlling are two

inseparable functions of management. Without planning, controlling is ameaningless exercise and without controlling, planning is useless.Planning presupposes controlling and controlling succeeds planning.

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CONTROLTYPES Feedforward:use in the input stage of the process.

Concurrent: gives immediate feedback on how inputs are converted intooutputs.

Feedback: provides after the fact information managers can use in the

future.

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FEEDFORWARDCONTROL

Preliminary control

Managers anticipate problems before they arise.

They are accomplished before a work activity begins.

They make sure that proper directions are set and thatthe right resources are available to accomplish them.

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CONCURRENTCONTROLS

Focus on what happens during the work process.Sometimes called steering controls, they monitor

ongoing operations and activities to make sure

that things are being done correctly Allows managers to correct problems as they arise

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FEEDBACKCONTROL

They take place after an action is completed. They focus

on end results, as opposed to inputs and activities. Customer reaction to products are used to take

corrective action in the future.

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RELATIONSHIPBETWEENPLANNINGAND

CONTROLLING

1.Planning precedes controlling and controlling succeeds planning.

2.Planning and controlling are inseparable functions of management.

3.Activities are put on rails by planning and they are kept at right place throughcontrolling.

4.The process of planning and controlling works on Systems Approach which is asfollows :

PlanningResultsCorrective Action

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KARISHMASDILEMMA

Supervisor of an Engineering firm in Pune

Morale in her office quite low, recently

The workers have gone back to 9.00 a.m to 5 p.m

work schedule after being on flexi time for nearly

two years

Directive came down allowing to place her officeon flexi time, she spelled out her rules carefully

to people

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CONTD.,

All employees were to work during the coreperiod from 10.am to 2 p.m.

They could work the rest of the eight hour day atanytime between 6 a.m to 6 p.m

Everything went along well for a long time

Morale was high, and all the work seemed to getdone

In November 2008, the chief factory manager

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CONTD.,

In November 2008, the chief factory managerfound that Karishmasworkers were averaging

seven hours a day

Some of them had been working only during the

core period for more than 2 months

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CONTD.,

When Karishma's departmental head receivedthe factory managersreport, he told Karishma to

return the office to regular working hours

Karishma was upset and disappointed with her

people

Discuss!!!!!!!!!