Control of Hazardous Energy-ppt

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By:

Amylene C. Aligan

Jennifer Quino



What you need to knowWhat you need to know

yWhy Lock-Out and Tag-Out?(widely referred to as the ́ control of hazardous energyµ)

y Energy control program components

y Application of energy control devices



SCOPE AND APPLICATIONSCOPE AND APPLICATION

Three core components of energy control

program:

y energy control procedures

y employee training

y periodic inspections



SCOPE AND APPLICATIONSCOPE AND APPLICATION

y What is ´lockout/tagoutµ?

"Lockout/tagout" (LOTO) refers to specific

practices and procedures to safeguard

employees from the unexpectedenergization or startup of machinery and

equipment, or the release of hazardous

energy during service or maintenanceactivities.



DefinitionDefinition

HAZARDOUS ENERGY

´electrical, mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic, chemical,

thermal, or any other form of energy that could

cause injury due to the unintended motionenergizing, startup, or release of such stored or

residual energy in machinery, equipment, piping,

pipelines, or process systemsµ



Forms of energyForms of energy

y P otential Energy. Stored energy that can be

drawn upon to do work.

y K inetic Energy . Energy resulting from

moving objects.




y F lammable/Explosive Energy . Energyconverted from the combustion of gases,liquids, solid chemicals, and vapors.

y C hemical Energy. The capacity of asubstance to do work or produce heatthrough a change in its composition.

y Electrical Energy. Energy generatedthrough the conversion of other formssuch as mechanical, thermal, or chemicalenergy.




y T hermal Energy . Energy transferred from

one body to another as the result of a

difference in temperature.

y P neumatic and Hydraulic . Pneumatic and

hydraulic energy refers to the energy

inherent in the pressure that a gas or

liquid is under.



How does energy become hazardous?How does energy become hazardous?

y Energy in any form becomes hazardous

when it builds to a dangerous level or is

released in a quantity that could injure a

worker.



ENERGY CONTROLENERGY CONTROL

PROGRAM COMPONENTSPROGRAM COMPONENTS

y Energy Control ProceduresIt is the management's obligation to establish energy

control procedures.

Situation in which employer need not developLOTO procedure:

1. The machine or equipment has a single energysource which can be readily identified and

isolated2. The isolation and locking out of the energy

source will completely de-energize anddeactivate the machine or equipment;





3. A single lockout device will achieve a lock-out

condition;

4. The servicing or maintenance does not createhazards for other employees; and

5. The employer has had no accidents involving

the unexpected activation or re-energization

of the machine or equipment during servicing

or maintenance.





Procedures must include the points listed below.

1. A specific statement of the intended use of

the procedure.2. Specific procedural steps for shutting down,

isolating, blocking, and securing machines or

equipment to control hazardous energy.





Procedures must include the points listed below.

3. Specific procedural steps for the placement,

removal, and transfer of lockout devices ortagout devices, and a description of who has

responsibility for them.

4. Specific requirements for testing a machine or

piece of equipment to determine and verify

the effectiveness of lockout devices, tagout

devices, and other energy control measures.





W hat are the requirements for the use of tagout

devices when lockout devices are NOT capable of

being used? 1. The tags must be attached where the lockout

devices would be.

2. The employer must demonstrate (prove) that

the tagout system will provide protection at

least as effective as locks and will assure full

employee protection.





Examples include:

1. removing and isolating a circuit element;

2. blocking a controlling switch;

3. opening an extra disconnecting device; and

4. removing a valve handle to reduce the

potential for any inadvertent energizationwhile the tags are attached.





y Training And Communication

T he employer is required to provide effective training

for all employees covered by the lockout/tagout

standard and ensure that all employees understand

the purpose, function, and restrictions of the energy

control program.





Different levels of training for the three

categories of workers:

1. Authorized ² lock out or tag out equipment

and service or maintain the equipment2. Affected - operate equipment serviced

under lockout or tagout procedures or work

in an area affected by the procedures.

3. Other employees - work around orotherwise might be in the vicinity of

equipment





When must your employees receive LOTO

retraining?

y their job assignments change;

y energy-control procedures change;y equipment or work processes present new

hazards; or

y when they don't follow energy-control

procedures.





y Periodic Inspections

- to ensure that the energy control procedures

continue to be implemented properly, workers arefamiliar with their responsibilities and any deviations

or procedural inadequacies that are observed are

corrected.





Either the employer or the inspector must

document each inspection with the following

information:1. The equipment on which the procedure is

used.

2. The date of the inspection.

3. The workers included in the inspection.

4. The person who did the inspection.



MATERIALS AND HARD WAREMATERIALS AND HARD WARE

y Lockout/Tagout (LOTO) Device




LOTO Device Criteria

1. Durable. Lockout devices must work under

the environmental conditions in which they

are used.2. Standardized. Lockout and

tagout devices must be

designated by color, shape,

or size.




LOTO Device Criteria

3. Substantial. Lockout devices and tagout devices

must be strong enough that they can't be

removed inadvertently.4. Identifiable. Any employee who sees a lockout

or tagout device must recognize who attached

it and understand its purpose.



APPLICATION OF ENERGY APPLICATION OF ENERGY

CONTROL DEVICES CONTROL DEVICES

Basic Steps in Controlling Energy

y identify energy sources;

y de-energize equipment by isolating or blocking

the energy sources;y dissipate potential (stored) energy that could

affect the equipment;

y lock out the equipment's energy-isolating

device; and/or

y tag out the energy-isolating device only if you

can't lock it out.





y Machine or equipment isolation

List of safe practices for de-energizing equipment.

1. Disconnecting motors from the equipment

2. Isolating electrical circuits3. Disconnecting equipment from energy

sources

4. Blocking the fluid flow in hydraulic, pneumatic,

or steam systems with control valves or bycapping or blanking the lines.

5. Blocking equipment parts that could bemoved by gravity





List of possible sources of stored energy.

1. Capacitors

2. Coiled springs

3. Elevated machine members

4. Rotating fly wheels

5. Air, gas, steam, chemical, and water systems





y Energy-Isolating Devices

-prevent energy from being transmitted from an

energy source to equipment1. manually operated electrical circuit breakers;

2. main disconnect switches;

3. line valves; and

4. blocks.





y Applying Lockout/TagoutDevices

Locking out is a procedure for securing an

energy-isolating device in an off, closed, or

neutral position.Tagging out is a procedure for placing a warning

tag or sign ³ a tagout device ³ on an

energy-isolating device.

*Bottom line: If you can lock it out, do not use tags.





y Releasing Stored Energy

After the energy-isolating device has been locked

out or tagged out, all potentially hazardousstored or residual Energy must be relieved,

disconnected, restrained, and otherwise

rendered safe.





y Verifying Machinery or Equipment

Isolation

An authorized employee must verify that the machine

or equipment has been properly isolated and de-energized



THANK YOU VERY MUCH!

© 2011 SM_ AJ

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Control of Hazardous Energy-ppt