Convention on Physical Protection

7/30/2019 Convention on Physical Protection

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INFTAtA - INFCIRC/274/Rev. 1

May 1980International Atomic Energy Agency G E N E R A L Distr.I N F O R M A T I O N C IRC U LAR r i f , n " S S S S - J T S S S H

THE CONVENTION ON THE PHYSICAL PROTECTION OF NUCLEAR MATERIAL

1 The Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material was opened forsignature on 3 March 1980, pursuant to Artic le 18 1 thereof and following the conclusionof negot iations on 28 October 19792 The texte of the Conventionfl ] and of the Final Act of the Meeting of GovernmentalRepresentatives to Consider the Drafting of the Convention are reproduced in thicdocument for the information of all Member States3 Member States wil l be informed by an addendum to this document of the entry intoforce of the Convention pursuant to Article 19 1 thereof

fl) The text of the Convention was transmitted to the twenty-third (1979) regular sessionof the General Conference of the International Atomic Energy Agency, pursuant toparagraph 11 of the Final Act, as document INFCIRC/274

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CONVENTION ON THE PHYSICAL PROTECTION OF NUCLEAR MATERIAL

THE STATES PARTIES TO THIS CONVENTION,RECOGNIZING the right of all States to develop and apply nuclear energy for peaceful purposes and their legi t imate interests in the potent ial benef i ts to be derived from thepeaceful appl icat ion of nuclear energy,CONVINCED of the need for faci l i tat ing internat ional co-operat ion in the peacefulappl icat ion of nuclear energy,DESIRING to avert the potential dangers posed by the unlawful taking and use ofnuclear mater ia l .CONVINCED that offenc es r elat ing to nuc lear m ater ial are a matter of gra ve concernand that there is an urgent need to adopt appropriate and ef fec t ive m ea su re s to ens ure theprevent ion, detect ion and punishment of such offences,AWARE OF THE NEED FOR internat ional co-o per at ion to est ab l ish , in conformitywith the national law of each State Party and with this Convention, effective measures forthe phy sical protect ion of nuclea r ma teria l ,CONVINCED that this Convention should facil itate the safe transfer of nuclear

m at er i a l ,STRESSING also the importance of the physical protect ion of nuclear material indom est i c us e , s torage and transport ,RECOGNIZING the importance of ef fect ive physical protect ion of nuclear materialused for mil i tar y p ur po ses , and understanding that such mater ial i s and wi l l cont inue to beaccorded stringent physical protect ion,HAVE AGREED a s fol low s:

Art ic l e 1For the purpo ses of thie Convent ion:(a) "nuclear m aterial" mea ns plutonium exce pt that with isotop ic con centrat ionex cee din g 60% in plutonlum-238 ; uranium -233; uranium en riched in theisotope 235 or 233; uranium containing the mixture of i sotop es a s o ccu rrin gin nature other than in the form of ore or ore-residue; any material containingone or mor e of the foregoing;(b) "uranium enriched in the isotope 235 or 233" m ean s uranium containing theisotope 235 or 233 or both in an amount such that the abundance ratio of thesum of the se isoto pes to the isoto pe 238 is grea ter than the rat io of theisotope 235 to the isotope 238 occur ring in nature;(c) "internat ional nuclear transport" m ea ns the car riag e of a consignm ent ofnuclear material by any means of transportat ion intended to go beyond theterri tory of the State where the shipment originates beginning with the

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departure from a facil ity of the shipper in that State and ending with thear riv al at a faci l i ty of the re ce ive r within the State of ul t imate dest inat ionArt ic l e 2

1. This Convent ion shal l apply to nuclear material used for peaceful purposes whi le ininternat ional nuclear transport .2. With the except ion of art icles 3 and 4 and paragraph 3 of ar t ic le 5 , this Convent ionshal l a l so apply to nuclear m ater ia l used for peaceful pu rpos es wh i le in do m est i c use ,storage and transport3. Apart f rom the commitments express ly undertaken by States Part i es in the art i c l escovere d by paragraph 2 wi th respec t to nuclear ma ter ia l used for peaceful p urpo ses whi l ein dom est ic u se , stor ag e and tran spo rt , nothing in this Convent ion sh al l be interpretedas affect ing the sovereign rights of a State regarding the domest ic use, storage andtransport of such nuclear mater ia l .

Art i c l e 3Each State Party shal l take appropriate steps within the framework of i t s nat ionallaw and consis ten t with internat iona l law to ens ure a s far as prac t ica ble that , duringinternational nuclear t ransport , nuc lear mater ia l w i thin i t s t err i to ry , or on board a shipor aircraft under i ts jurisdict ion insofar as such ship or aircraft i s engaged in thetranspo rt to or from that State, i s prote cted at the lev els d esc rib ed in Ann ex I.

Art i c l e 41. Each State Party shal l not export or authorize the export of nuclear material unlessthe State Party has received assurances that such material wi l l be protected during theinternat ional nuclear transport at the levels described in Annex I.2. Each State Party shal l not import or authorize the import of nuclear material from aState not party to th i s Convent ion unless the State Party has rece ived assurances that suchmaterial wi l l during the internat ional nuclear transport be protected at the levels describedin Annex I.3. A State Party shal l not al low the transi t of i t s terri tory by land or internal waterwaysor through i ts airports or seaports of nuclear material between States that are not part iesto this Convent ion un les s the State Par ty has recei ved a ss ur an ce s as far as pract icab le thatthis nuclear material wi l l be protected during internat ional nuclear transport at the levelsdescribed in Annex I.4 Eac h State Pa rty sha ll apply within the fram ewo rk of its nationa l law the le v el s ofphysical pr otect ion des cr ibe d in Annex I to nuclear mater ia l be ing t ransp orted f rom a partof that State to another part of the sam e State through internat ional w at er s or air spa ce.5 . The State Par ty resp on sible for rec e iv in g as su ra nc es that the nu clear ma ter ia l wi l lbe protected at the lev el s des crib ed in Annex I acco rdin g to par agr aph s 1 to 3 shal l identi fyand inform in advance States which the nuclear material i s expected to transi t by land orInternal waterways , or whose a irport s or seaport s i t i s expected to enter ,6 . The resp on sibi l i ty for obtaining ass ura nc es referr ed to in parag raph 1 may betra ns fer re d, by mutual ag ree m en t , to the State Par ty involved in the trana por t as theimport ing State .7. Nothing in thi s ar t ic le shal l be interpre ted aa in any way affect ing the terr i toria lsov ere ignty and jurisd ict ion of a State, including that ov er i ta air sp ac e and terr i tor ial sea

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Artic le 51. States Parties shall identify and make known to each other directly or through theInternational Atomic Energy Agency their central authority and point of contact havingresponsibi l i ty for physical protect ion of nuclear material and for co-ordinating recoveryand re spo ns e operation s in the event of any unauthorized r em ov al, us e or altera tion ofnu clea r m ateria l or in the event of cred ible threat thereof.2. In the case of theft, robbery o r any other unlawful taking of nucle ar m ater ial or ofcre dib le threat thereof. State s Pa rt ies shall , in acco rda nce with their national law ,provide c o-operation and as s ist an ce to the maximu m feasib le extent in the recov ery andpro tectio n of such m ater ial to any State that so requ est s. In par ticu lar:

(a) a State Party shall take appropriate st ep s to inform a s soon as poss ible otherSta tes , which appear to it to be conc erned , of any theft, rob ber y or otherunlawful taking of nuclear material or credible threat thereof and to inform,where appropriate , international organizat ions;( as appropriate , the States Pa rt ies concerned shal l exchan ge information witheach other or international organ ization s with a view to protec ting threatenednuclear mater ial , verifying the integrity of the shipping containe r, or rec ove ringunlawfully taken nuclear material and shall:

(i) co-o rdin ate their efforts through diplom atic and other agr eed cha nne ls;( i i) render ass ista nc e, i f requested;

( i ii ) ensure the return of nuclear ma terial s tolen or m iss in g as a consequen ceof the above-mentioned eventsThe means of implementat ion of this co-operation shal l be determined by the States Part iesconcerned .3. States Par t ies shal l co-op erat e and consult as approp riate , with each other direct lyor through international or gan izati ons , with a view to obtaining guidance on the desig n,maintenance and improvement of systems of physical protect ion of nuclear material ininternational transport.

A r t i c l e 61. States Part ies shal l take appropriate measures consistent with their nat ional law topro tect the confidentiality of any information w hich they re ce iv e in confidence by virtu e ofthe provisions of this Convention from another State Party or through participation in anactiv ity carr ied out for the imp leme ntation of this Convention. If State s Par tie s provid rinform ation to international orga nizat ions in confiden ce, st ep s shall be taken to en sur ethat the confidentiality of such information is protected.2. State* Parties shall not be required by this Convention to provide any informationwhich they are not permitted to communicate pursuant to national law or which wouldjeopardize the security of the State concerned or the physical protection of nuclearma t e r i a l .

Art ic le 71. The intentional commission of:

(a) an act without lawful authority which const i tutes the rec eip t , po ss es s io n, use ,transfer , a l terat ion, disposa l or disp ersal of nuclear m ateria l and which causes

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or is l ikely to cause death or serious injury to any person or substant ial damageto property;(b) a theft or robbery of nu clea r m ate ria l ;( c) an em bez zlem ent or f raudulent obtaining of nuclear ma ter ia l ;(d) an act const i tut ing a demand for nuclear m ater ial by threat or une of force or byany other form of int imidat ion;(e) a threat:

( i ) to us e nuclea r ma teria l to cause death or se ri ou s injury to any perso n orsubstant ia l property damage, or( i i) to comm it an of fenc e de scr ib ed in sub-paragraph (b) in ord er to compel anatur al or legal pe rs on , internat ional organ izat ion or State to do or torefrain f rom doing any act ;

; f) an attempt to co m m it any offence d escr ibed in para gra phs (a) , (b) or (c) ; and(g) an act which con st i tu tes part icipat ion in any offence des cr ibe d in pa ragraphs (a) to (f)

shal l be made : punishable offence by each State Party under i ts nat ional law.2. Each State Party shal l make the of f ences descr ibed in th i s art i c l e punishable byappropriate penalt ies which take into account their grave nature.

Art i c l e 81 . Each State Party shal l take such m ea su re s as may be ne ce ss ar y to estab l i sh i t sjurisd ict ion ov er the offen ces set forth in art icle 7 in the fol lowing c a se s:

(a) when the offence is com mitted in the terri tor y of that State or on board a shipor a ircraf t regi s t ered in that State;(b) when the al leg ed offend er is a national of that Sta te.

2. Each State Party shal l l ikewise take such measures as may be necessary to establ i shi t s jur i sdict ion over these of f ences in esses where the a l l eged of fender i s present in i t sterri tory and i t does not extradite him pursuant to art icle 11 to any of the States mentionedin paragraph 1.3. This Convent ion does not exc lude any cr iminal Juri sdict ion exerci sed in accordancewith nat ional law.4. In addi tion to the State s P ar t i e s m ent ioned in parag raphs 1 and 2 , each State Partymay, consi s t ent wi th internat ional law, establ i sh i t s Juri sdict ion ovar the of f ences act forthin art i c l e 7 when i t i a involved in internat ional nuc lear t ranspo rt a s the sxport ing orimport ing State .

Art i c l e 8Upon being sat i s f i ed that the c i rc um stan ce* so warrant , the State Party in whose

terr i tory the a l l eged of fender i s pre sen t shal l take appropriate me a su re s , includingdetent ion, under i ta nat ional law to ensure hi s presence for the purpose of prosecut ion orextrsd i t ion. M eas ure s taken accord ing to th i s ar t i c l e sh al l be not i f ied wi thout delay to the

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S ta tes req u i re d to e s t ab l i s h ju r i s d i c t i on p u rs u an t to ar t i c l e 8 an d , wh ere ap p rop r i a te , a i lo t h e r S t a t e s c o n c e r n e dA r t i c l e 1 0

T h e S ta te Par ty i fl wh o s e t er r i to ry the a l l e ge d o f fen d er 16 p r es en t s h a l l , i f it d oesn o t ex tr ad i te h i m , s u b m i t , w i thou t exce p t i on wh ats o eve r an d wi th ou t u n d u e d e l ay , th ecas e to i t s com p eten t au th o r i t i e s for th e p u rp os e o f p r os e cu t i o n , th rou gh p r oc ee d i n gs i naccord an ce wi th th e l aws o f th a t S ta te .Art i c l e 11

1. T h e o f fen ces i n ar t i c l e 7 s i a l l b e d eem ed to b e i n c l u d ed a s ex trad i tab l e o f f en c es ina n y e x t r a d i t i o n t r e a t y e x i s t i n g b e t w e e n S t a t e s P a r t i e s S t a t e s P a r t i e s u n d e r t a k e t o in c l ud eth os e o f f en ces a s ex tra d i tab l e o f f e n ces i n ev er y fu tu re ex t rad i t i on t rea ty to b e con c l u d edb e t w e e n t h e m .2. i f a S ta te Par ty wh i ch ma k es ex t rad i t i on con d i t i on a l on th e ex i s t e n c e o f a t rea tyre ce i v es a req u es t for ex trad i t i on f rom an oth er S ta te Par ty wi th wh i ch i t h a s n o ex tr ad i t i on t rea ty , i t may a t i t s op t i on con s i d er th i s Con ven t i on a s th e l ega l b as i s for ex trad i t i oni n re s p e c t of th os e o f f en ces E xtra d i t i on s h a l l b e s u b je c t to th e o th er con d i t i on s p rov i d edby the law of the requested State .3. S ta tes Pa rt i e s wh i ch d o n o t mak e ex trad i t i on con d i t i on a l on th e ex i s t en ce o f a t rea tys h a l l r e c o g n i z e t h o s e o f f e n c e s a s e x t r a d i t a b l e o f f e n c e s b e t w e e n t h e m s e l v e s s u b j e c t to t hecon d i t i on s p rov i d ed b y th e l aw o f th e req u es ted S ta te .4 . E ach of th e o f f en ces s h a l l b e t rea ted , for th e p u rp os e o f ex trad i t i on b e tween S ta tesP a rt ie s , as i f i t had been com m itte d not on ly in the p la ce in wh ich i t oc cu rr ed but a l so int h e t e r r i t o r i e s o f t he S t a t e s P a r t i e s r e q u i r e d t o e s t a b l i s h t h e i r j u r i s d i c t i o n i n a c c o r d a n c ewi th p aragrap h 1 o f ar t i c l e 8 .

A r t i c l e 1 2An y p ers o n regar d i n g wh om p r oce ed i n g s are b e i n g ca rr i ed ou t i n con n ect i on wi th an yo f th e o f f e n ces s e t for th in ar t i c l e 7 s h a l l be gu aran tee d fa i r t re a tm en t a t a l l s ta ge s o ft h e p r o c e e d i n g s .

A r t i c l e 1 31. S t a t e s P a r t i e s s h a l l a f f o r d o n e a n o t h e r t h e g r e a t e s t m e a s u r e o f a s s i s t a n c e i ncon n ect i on wi th cr i m i n a l p r oce ed i n gs b rou gh t i n re s p ec t o f th e o f f en c es s e t for th ina r t i c l e 7 , i n c lu d i n g t he s u p p ly o f e v i d e n c e a t t h e i r d i s p o s a l n e c e s s a r y f o r th e p r o c e e d i n g s .T h e l aw o f th e S ta te req u es ted s h a l l ap p l y i n a l l ca s es .2. T h e p rov i s i on s o f p aragrap h 1 s h a l l n o t a f f ec t ob l i ga t i on s u n d er an y o th er t rea ty ,b i l a ter a l or m u l t i l a ter a l , wh i ch gover n s or w i l l govern , i n wh o l e or in p art , mu tu a la s s i s t a n c e in c r i m i n a l m a t t e r s .

A r t i c l e 1 41. E ac h S ta te Pa rty s h a l l i n form th e d ep os i tar y of i t s l aw s and reg u l a t i on s wh i ch g i vee f f e c t t o t h i s C o n v e n t i on . T h e d e p o s i t a r y s h a ll c o m m u n i c a t e s u c h i n f o r m a t i o n p e r i o d i c a l l yt o a l l S t a t e s P a r t i e s ,2. T h e S t a te P a r t y w h e r e an a l l e g e d o f f e nd e r i s p r o s e c u t e d s h a l l , w h e r e v e r p r a c t i c a b l e ,f i r s t c om mu n i ca te th e f i n al ou tcome o f th e p r oce ed i n g s to th e S ta tes d i re c t l y con cern edT h e S ta te Par ty s h a l l a l to com mu n i ca t e th e f i n al ou tc om e to th e d ep os i t ary wh o s h a l li n form a l l S ta tes .

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3 Where an offence inv olve s nuclear m ater ial used for peaceful pu rpo ses in dom est icusi ' , stora ge or transp ort , and both the al leg ed offender and the nuclear m ater ial r em ainin tin- territory of the Stat" Party in which the offence was committed, nothing in thisConvention shall be interp rete d as req uirin g that State Par ty to provide inform ationconcerning cr iminal proceedings ar i s ing out of such an of fenc?.A r t i c l e 1 5

The Annexes const i tute an integral part of this Convent ion.Art i c l e 16

1. A confer ence of Sta tes Pa rt ies shal l be conve ned by the dep osi tar y f ive ye ar s afterthe entry into force of this Convent ion to review the implementat ion of the Convent ion andits adequacy as concerns the preamble, the whole of the operat ive part and the annexes inthe l ight of the then prevai l ing si tuat ion.2. At interval s of not l e s s than f ive ye ar s ther eaf ter , the majori ty of States Par t i es mayobtain, by submitt ing a proposal to this ef fect to the deposi tary, the convening of furtherconfe renc es wi th the sam e ob ject ive .

Art i c l e 17i. In the event of a d i spute between two or more Slates Part i es concerning the interpretat ion or appl icat ion of this Convent ion, such States Part ies shal l consult with a viewto the set t lem ent of the dispute by nego t iat ion, or by any other peaceful me ans of se t t l ingdi sputes acceptable to a l l part i es to the d i spute .2 Any dispute of this ch ar act er which cannot be set t led in the ma nne r pr esc rib ed inparagraph 1 shal l , at the re qu est of any party to such disp ute, be subm itted to arbitra t ionor refer red to the Internat ional Court of Ju st ice for de cis ion . Where a dispute is subm ittedto arb itratio n, if , within six m onths from the date of the re qu est , the p ar tie s to the disput?are unable to ag re e.o n the orga nizat io n of the arb itrat ion, a party may r equ est thePresident of the Internat ional Court of Just ice or the Secretary-General of the UnitedNation s to appoint one or m or e arb itra tor s. In ca se of conf l ict ing req ue sts by the part ie sto the dispute, the request to the Secretary-General of the United Nat ions shal l haveprior i ty .3 Each State Par ty may at the t im e of sign atur e, ra t i f icat ion, accep tanc e or approvalof this Convent ion or accession thereto declare that i t does not consider i tsel f bound byeither or both of the disp ute se t t lem en t pr oc ed ur es provided for in paragrap h 2. The otherStates P ar t ie s sh al l not be bound by a dispu te set t le m en t proced ure provided for inparagraph 2, with res pe ct t o a State Pa rty which has made a reser va t ion to that proc edur e4 Any State Par ty which has made a re ser va t ion in acco rdan ce with paragraph 3 may atany time withdraw that rese rv at io n by not i f icat ion to the depo si tar y.

Art i c l e 181. Th is Convent ion shal l be open for signa ture by al l Sta tes at the He adq uar ters of theInternat ional Atom ic En er gy Ag ency in Vienna and at the Head quarter* of the United N at ionsin New York from 3 March 1980 until its entry into force.2. Th is Convent ion is sub ject to rat i f icat ion , acc epta nce or approv al by the signato rySt a t e s .3. After i ts entry into fo rc e, this Convent ion wi l l be open for ac ce ss io n by al l State s

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4. (a ) T h i s Con ven t i on s h a l l be op en for s i gn a tu re or ac ce s s i on by in tern a t i on a lorg an i z a t i on s and reg i o n a l org an i z a t i o n s o f an i n tegra t i on or o th er n a tu r e ,p rov i d ed th a t an y s u ch organ i za t i on i s con s t i tu ted b y s overe i gn S ta tes an d h ascom p ete n ce i n res p e c t o f th e n ego t i a t i on , con c l u s i on an d ap p l i ca t i on o f i n ter n a t io n a l a g r e e m e n t s i n m a t t e r s c o v e r e d b y t h i s C o n v e n t io n .

(b) I n m at te rs w ith i n th e i r co m p et en c e , s u ch org an i z a t i on s s h a l l , on th e i r ownbehalf, ex er c i s e th e r i gh t s an d fu lf i l th e res p on s i b i l i t i e s wh i ch th i s Con ven t i ona t t r i b u t e s to S t a t e s P a r t i e s .( c ) Wh en b ec om i n g p arty to th i s Con v en t i on s u ch an organ i za t i on s h a l l com mu n i ca tet o t h e d e p o s i t a r y a d e c l a r a t i o n i n d i c a t i n g w h ic h S t a t e s a r e m e m b e r s t h e r e o fand which art ic les of th i s Convention do not apply to i t(d) Such an org an iza t ion sh al l not hold any vot e addi t ional to tho se of i ts M em berS t a t e s

5 . I n s tru me n ts o f ra t i f i ca t i on , acc ep ta n ce , ap p r ova l or ac ce s s i on s h a l l b e d ep o s i t edwi th th e d ep o s i tary .A r t i c l e 1 9

1. This Convention shal l enter in to force on the th irt ieth day fo l lowing the date ofd ep os i t of th e tw en t y - f i r s t i n s tru m en t o f ra t i f i ca t i on , acc ep t an c e or ap p rova l w i th th ed e p o s i t a r y .2. Fo r eac h S ta te ra t i fy i n g , acc ep t i n g , ap p rov i n g or acce d i n g to th e Con ven t i on a f terthe da te of d ep os i t o f th e twe n ty - f i r s t i n s tru men t o f ra t i f i ca t i on , accep tan ce or ap p rova l ,the Convention Bhal l enter in to force on the th irt ieth day after the depos i t by such Stateof i t s i n s t r u m e n t o f r a t i f i c a t i o n , a c c e p t a n c e , a p p r o v a l o r a c c e s s i o n .

A r t i c l e 2 01 Wi thou t p re ju d i ce to ar t i c l e 16 a S ta te Pa rty ma y p rop os e am en d m en ts to th i sCon ven t i on . T h e p rop os ed ame n d m en t s h a l l be s u b m i t ted to th e d ep os i ta ry wh o s h a l lc i rcu l a te it i m m ed i a te l y to a l l S ta te s Pa rt i e s . If a ma jor i ty of S ta t es Pa rt i e s req u e s t thed ep os i tary to con ven e a con fe ren c e to con s i d e r th e p rop os ed amen d m en t s , th e d ep os i tar yh a l l i n v i t e a l l S ta te s Pa rt i e s to a t t en d s u ch a con fer en c e to b eg i n n o t s oon er th an th i r tyd ays a f ter th e i n v i ta t i on s are i s s u e d . An y am en d m en t ad op ted a t th e con feren c e b y atwo - th i rd s major i ty of a l l S ta tes Pa rt i e s s h a l l b e p rom p t l y c i rc u l a te d by the d ep os i ta ryto a l l S t a t e s P a r t i e s2. T h e am en d m en t s h a l l en te r i n to forc e for ea ch S ta te Party th at d ep o s i t e i t si n s tru men t o f ra t i f i ca t i on , acc ep t an c e or ap p rova l o f th e amen d me n t on th e th i r t i e th d aya f ter th e d a te on wh ich two th i rd s o f th e S ta tes P ar t i e s h ave d ep os i t ed th e i r i n s tru m en t s o fra t i f i ca t i on , acc ep ta n ce or ap p rova l w i th th e d ep os i ta ry . T h ere a f te r , th e amen d men t s h a l lent er in to fo rc e for any othe r State Pa rt y on the day on which that State Pa rt y de po s i t s i tsi n s tru m en t of ra t i f i c a t i on , acc ep t an c e or ap p rova l o f th e amen d me n t

A r t i c l e 2 11, An y S ta te Party may d e n ou n ce th i s Con ven t i on b y wr i t t en n o t i f i ca t i on to th ed e p o s i t a r y2 Den uncia t ion shal l take effec t one hundred and eigh ty days fo l low ing the date on wh;


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A r t i c l e 2 2T h e d ep os i tary s h a l l p romp t l y n o t i fy a l l S ta tes o f :(a ) ea ch s i gn a tu re o f th i s Con v en t i on ;(b ) eac h d ep os i t o f an i n s tru m en t o f ra t i f i c a t i on , ac ce p ta n c e , a p p rov a l ora c c e s s i o n ,( c ) a n y r e s e r v a t i o n o r w i t h d r aw a l in a c c o r d a n c e w i t h a r t i c l e 1 7 ;(d ) an y com m u n i ca t i on mad e by an org an i z a t i o n i n acc or d an ce wi th p ara grap h 4 (c)o f ar t i c l e 18 ;(e ) th e en tr y in to for ce of th i s Con v en t i on ;( f ) th e en tr y i n to for ce o f an y am en d m en t to th i s Con ven t i on ; and(g ) an y d en u n c i a t i on ma d e u n d er ar t i c l e 21 .

A r t i c l e 2 3T h e o r i g i n a l o f t h i s C o n v e n t i o n , o f w h i c h t he A r a b i c , C h i n e s e . E n g l i s h . F r e n c h .Ru s s i a n an d S p an i s h t ex t s are eq u a l l y au th e n t i c , s h a l l b e d ep os i t ed wi th th e D i re c t orG e n e r a l of th e i n t e r n a t io n a l A t o m i c E n e r g y A g e n c y w h o s h a l l s e n d c e r t i f i e d c o p i e s t h e r e o fto a l l S ' a te s

I N W I T N E S S W H E R E O F , t h e u n d e r s i g n e d , b e i n g d u l y a u t h o r i z e d , h a v e s i g n e d t h i sCon v en t i on , op en ed for s i gn a tu re a t V i en n a an d a t New York on 3 M arch 1980


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A N N E X iL e v e l s of P h y s i c a l P r o t e c t i o n t o b e A p p l i e d in I n t e r n a t i o n a l T r a n s p o r t ofN u c l e a r M a t e r i a l a s C a t e g o r i z e d i n A n n e x II

1 L e v e l s of p h y s i c a l p r o t e c t i o n f o r n u c l e a r m a t e r i a l d u r i n g s t o r a g e i n c i d e n t a l t oi n t e r n a t i o n a l n u c l e a r t r a n s p o r t i n c l u d e :( a) F o r C a t e g o r y II I m a t e r i a l s , s t o r a g e w i th i n a n a r e a t o w h i c h a c c e s s i sc o n t r o l l e d ,( b) F o r C a t e g o r y II m a t e r i a l s , s t o r a g e w i th i n a n a r e a u n d e r c o n s t a n t s u r v e i l l a n c eby g u a r d s o r e l e c t r o n i c d e v i c e s , s u r r o u n d e d h y a p h y s i c a l b a r r i e r w it h al i m i t e d n u m b e r of p o i n t s of e n t r y u n d e r a p p r o p r i a t e c o n t r o l o r a n y a r e a w it ha n e q u i v a l e n t l e v e l of p h y s i c a l p r o t e c t i o n ;( c) F o r C a t e g o r y I m a t e r i a l , s t o r a g e w it h in a p r o t e c t e d a r e a a s d e f in e d f orC a t e g o r y II a b o v e , t o w h i c h , i n a d d i t i o n , a c c e s s is r e s t r i c t e d t o p e r s o n sw h o s e t r u s t w o r t h i n e s s h a s b e e n d e t e r m i n e d , a n d w h i c h i s u n d e r s u r v e i l l a n c eby g u a r d s w ho a r e in c l o s e c o m m u n i c a t i o n w i th a p p r o p r i a t e r e s p o n s e f o r c e sS p e c if i c m e a s u r e s t a k e n i n t h i s c o n t e x t s h o u l d h a v e a s t h e i r o b je c t t h e d e t e c t i o n

a nd p r e v e n t i o n o f a n y a s s a u l t , u n a u t h o r i z e d a c c e s s o r u n a u t h o r i z e d r e m o v a l ofm a t e r m i2 . L e v e l s of p h y s i c a l p r o t e c t i o n f or n u c l e a r m a t e r i a l d u r i n g i n t e r n a t i o n a l t r a n s p o r ti n c l u d e :

( a) F o r C a t e g o r y II a n d HI m a t e r i a l s , t r a n s p o r t a t i o n s h a l l t a k e p l a c e u n d e r s p e c i a lp r e c a u t i o n s i n c lu d i n g p r i o r a r r a n g e m e n t s a m o n g s e n d e r , r e c e i v e r , a nd c a r r i e r ,a nd p r i o r a g r e e m e n t b e t w e e n n a t u r a l o r l e g a l p e r s o n s s u b j e c t t o t he j u r i s d i c t i o na n d r e g u l a t i o n o f e x p o r t i n g , a n d i m p o r t i n g S t a t e s , s p e c i f y i n g t i m e , p l a c e a n dp r o c e d u r e s f or t r a n s f e r r i n g t r a n s p o r t r e s p o n s i b i l i t y ;(b ) F o r C a t e g o r y I m a t e r i a l s , t r a n s p o r t a t i o n s h a l l l a k e p l a c e u nd er - s p e c i a l p r e

c a u t i o n s i d e n t i f i e d a b o v e f o r t r a n s p o r t a t i o n of C a t e g o r y I I a n d I II m a t e r i a l s a n din a d d i t i o n , u n d e r c o n s t a n t s u r v e i l l a n c e by e s c o r t s a n d u n d e r c o n d i t i o n s w h i c ha s s u r e c l o s e c o m m u n i c a t i o n w it h a p p r o p r i a t e r e s p o n s e f o r c e s ,( c) F o r n a t u r a l u r a n i u m o t h i r t h a n in t h e f o rm of o r e o r o r e - r e s i d u e , t r a n s p o r t a t i o np r o t e c t i o n f or q u a n t i t i e s e x c e e d i n g 5 0 0 k i l o g r a m s u r a n i u m s h a l l i n c l u d e a d v a n c en o t i f i c a t i o n of s h i p m e n t s p e c i f y i n g m o d e of t r a n s p o r t e x p e c t e d t i m e of a r r i v a !a n d c o n f i r m a t i o n o f r e c e i p t of s h i p m e n t


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ANNEX IITABLE: CATEGORIZATION OF NUCLEAR MATERIAL

Material FormCategory

II I I I ^

1. Plutonium a/ b /Unirradiated

' b /2. U rani um - 235 U m rrad i a t ed -

2 kg or mo re L e ss than 2 kg 500 g or lessbut m or e than but mo re than500 g 15 g

uranium enr iched to 5 kg or mo re L e ss than S kg 1 kg or les sbut m or e than but m or e than1k g 15 g20%

2 3 5 U or m oreuranium enriched to10% 2 3 5 U but l essthan 20%

10 kg or m ore L es s than10 kg but morethan 1 kguranium enrichedabove natural, butless than 10% 2 3 5 U

10 kg or more

3. U ram um - : 33 U ni rrad i a t ed - / 2 kg or mo re L es s than 2 kg 500 g or les sbut m or e than but m or e than500 g 15 g4. Irradiatedfuel

Depleted ornatural uranium,thorium or low-enriched fuel(less than 10%f oss i l e cont e n t a / e /

a/ Al l plutonium excep t that with isotopic con centr ation ex ce ed ing B0% in plutonium-238b / Material not irradiated in a reactor or material irradiated in a reactor but with a' radiat ion level equal to or le ss than 100 rad s/ho ur at one me tre unshielded.c/ Qu antities not fall ing in Ca tegory HI and natural uranium should be prote cted tnaccordance with prudent management pract ice.d/ Although this leve l of pro tection is rec om m end ed , it would be open to Sta tes, upon"" evaluat ion of the specif ic circ um sta nc es, to assig n a dif ferent categ ory of physicalprotect ion.e / Other fuel which by virtue of it* origina l f iaeilc ma ter ial content is cla ssi fied as"" Categ ory 1 and II befor e irradiation may be red uced one ca teg or y le ve l while theradiat ion leve l from the fuel ex ce ed s 100 rad s/hou r at one me tre unshielded.


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FINAL ACTMeet ing of Governmental Representat ives to Consider theDraft ing of a Convent ion on the Physical Protect ionof Nuclear Material

1. The Meet ing of Go vernm ental Re pre sen tat ive s to Con sider the Draft ing of aConvent ion on the Ph ys ica l Pr otect io n of Nuclear M aterial m et in Vienn a at theHeadquarters of the Internat ional Atomic Energy Agency from 31 October to10 Nov emb er 1977, from 1 0 to 20 Apr i l 1978, from 5 to 16 Feb rua ry and from15 to 26 October 1979. Informal consultat ions between Gov ernm ental Re pr ese nta t ives tookplace from 4 to 7 Septem ber 1978 and from 24 to 25 Sep tem ber 1979.A. Re pre sen tat ive s of 5B States and one organ izat ion par t icipated , nam ely,representat ives of :

A l ger i aArgent inaAustral iaA ust r i aB e l g i umB r a z i lBulgariaCanadaChileColombiaCosta RicaCubaCzechoslovakiaDenmarkEcuadorEgyptFinlandF r a n c eGerman Democrat i c Republ i cGermany, Federal Republ i c ofG r e e c eGuatemalaHoly SeeHungaryIndiaIndonesiaIrelandI s r a e lItalyJapan

Ko rea . R epub l ic ofLibyan Arab JamahiriyaLuxembourgMexicoNetherlandsN i gerNorwayPakistanP anam aP araguayP e r uP hi l i pp i nesPolandQatarRomaniaSouth AfricaSpainSwedenSwi tzer landT uni s i aTurkeyUnion of Soviet Social ist Republ icsUni ted Arab EmiratesUnited Kingdom of Great Britain andNorthern IrelandUni ted States of AmericaV enezue l aYugoslaviaZ a i reEuropean Atomic Energy Community

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3 . The f o l l ow i ng S t a t e s and i n t e r na t i ona l o r gan i za t i ons pa r t i c i pa t ed a s obse r ve r s :I r anLebanonM al ays i aThai l andN uc l ea r Ene r gy A gency of t he O r ga n i sa t i on f or Econo m i c Co- o pe r a t i onand Development

4. Th e M ee t i ng e l ec t ed A m bass ado r D. L . S i azon J r . ( Ph i l i pp i nes ) a s Cha i r m an . F o rthe me et in gs in Ap r i l 1978 and Fe br ua ry 1979 Mr . R . A . Es t r a da -O yu ela (Argent ina) wa se l ec t ed Cha i r m an5 T h e M e e t in g e l e c te d a s V i c e - C h a i r m e n :

M r . W i lluhn of t he G e r m an D em ocr a t i c Repub l i c , w ho a t t he m e e t i ng inFe b r u a r y 1979 w as succeeded by M r . H . Rabo l d of t he G e r m a n D e m o cr a t i c Repub l i c .M r . R . J . S . H ar ry , Ne the r l an ds , who a t the mee t ing of Oc tob er 1979 wa s succ eed edby Mr. G . Dahlhoff of tue Fe de ra l Repub l i c of G erm an y;M r . R . A. E s t r a da -O yu ela , A rge nt in a , who a t the meet in g of Octo ber 1979 wassucce eded b ' M r L . A . Ol iv ier i of Arg ent in a .

6. M r. L W. H er r n ( A us t r a l i a ) w as e l ec t ed Rapp or t e u r . F o r the m e e t i ng i nOcto ber 1979 Mr . N. R . S mi th (Au st r a l i a ) was e l e c te d Ra pp or te ur .7. Se c r e t a r i a t s e r v i ce s w er e p r ov i ded by t he I n t e r na t i on a l A t om i c En e r gy A gency . TheDi rec tor Genera l of the Agency was r epresented by the Di rec tor of the L ega l Division ofthe Agency, Mr . D. M. Ed wa rds and , in succ es s io n to h im , Mr . L . W. He r r n . -8 . Th e Mee t ing se t up the fo llowing gro up s:

( a) W or k i ng G r oup on Techn i ca l I s sue sCha i r m an : M r . R . J . S . H a r r y , N e t he r l a nds

(b) Wo rking Grou p on Legal I s s u e sC h a i r m a n : M r . R . A . E s t r a d a - O y u e l a , A r g e n t i n a

(c) W orkin g Gro up on Scope of Con vent ionCh a i r m a n : M r . K . W i l luhn , G e r m an D e m ocr a t i c Repub l i c

(d) D raf t ing Co mm i t t eeC h a i r m a n : M r . D e C as t ro N eves , B r a z i lM e m b e r s : Rep rsen tat ives of Aus tral ia , B raz i l , Canada, Ch i l e ,Czecho slovakia , Egypt , Fr an ce , Fed era l Republ ic of G e r m a n y ,Italy, Japan, M e x i c o , Qatar , Tunis i a , Union of Soviet Soc i a l i s tRepub l i c s , U n i t ed St a t e s o f A m er i ca .

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9 . T h e M e et i n g h ad b efor e i t th e fo l l owi n g d oc u m en t s :( a) D r a f t C o n v e n ti o n o n t h e P h y s i c a l P r o t e c t i o n o f N u c l e a r M a t e r i a l s , F a c i l i t i e sa nd T r a n s p o r t e , a s c o n t a i n e d in d o c u m e n t C P N M / 1 ;(b ) I AE A d o c u m e n t I N F C l R C / 2 2 5 / R e v . 1: T h e P h y s i c a l P r o t e c t i o n o f N u c l e a r

M a t e r i a l ;( c) I AE A d o c u m e n t I N F C I R C / 2 5 4 : C o m m u n i c a t i o n s R e c e i v e d f r o m C e r t a i n M e m b e rS ta te s reg ard i n g G u i d e l i n es for th e E xp ort of Nu c l ea r M a ter i a l , E q u i p men t orT e c h n o l o g y .

10. T h e M eet i n g com p l e ted con s i d e ra t i o n o f a Con ven t i on , th e t ex t o f wh i ch i s a t tach eda s A n n e x 1.1*1 C e r t a i n d e l e g a t i o n s e x p r e s s e d r e s e r v a t i o n s w i th r e g a r d t o p a r t i c u l a rp r ov i s i o n s in th e t ex t . T h es e are re cor d ed i n th e d oc u m en t s and i n th e Da i l y Re p o rt s o fth e M eet i n g . I t was agree d th at th e t ex t w i l l b e re f err ed b y d e l eg a t i o n s to th e i ra u t h o r i t i e s f o r c o n s i d e r a t i o n .11 T h e M eet i n g rec om m en d ed th a t th e t ex t o f the Con v en t i on b e t ra n s m i t ted fori n forma t i on to th e twen ty - th i rd G e n er a l Con fe ren ce o f th e I n tern a t i on a l Ato m i c E n er gyA g e n c y12 T h e Con ven t i on wi l l , i n acc ord an c e wi th i t s t e rm s , b e op en ed for s i gn a tu re f rom3 M arch 1980 a t th e H ea d q u a rters o f th e I n tern a t i on a ' Ato m i c E n e rgy A gen cy i n Vi en n aand at the Headquarters of the Uni ted Nations in New York.

Vi en n a , 26 O ct ob er 1979 ( s i gn ed ) D . L S i az on Jr .

S i n ce th e Con ven t i on h as b een op en ed for s i gn a tu re i t i e n o t a t tach ed h ere a sAn n ex I; i t i s rep rod u c ed a s the f i r s t p an o f th i s d ocu m en t .

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