NAME __________________________________________________ DATE __________________________Biological Studies: Semester 1 Exam Study Guide

Chapter 1: 1. (1.1) Define Biology:

2. (1.1) Careers in Biology

3. (1.1) Factors of Living things

4. (1.2) Metric System & Prefixes

5. (1.2) Scientific Theory

6. (1.3) Qualitative vs. Quantitative

7. (1.3) Steps of the scientific method

Chapter 2: Principles of Ecology1. (2.1) Define Ecology:

2. (2.1) Levels of biological organization – organism to biosphere

3. (2.1) A _____________________________ is where an animal lives. A _____________________________ is the role or position the organism plays in its habitat, such as predator. When habitats and niches overlap, organisms must ______________________________ for the same resources.

4. (2.1) The parts of the environment include both __________________________ (living) and _______________________ (non-living) factors. An example of a living factor would be _____________________________, and a non-living factor would be _____________________________.

5. (2.1) Which would be an abiotic factor for a tree in the forest?a. a caterpillar eating its leavesb. wind blowing through its branchesc. a bird nesting in its branchesd. fungus growing on its roots

6. (2.1) Predator vs. Prey

7. (2.1) Identify, define, and give an example of each of the three relationships found in a community.Name Definition Example

8. (2.1) An insect gathers pollens and nectar for food from a plant, but at the same time is aiding in the plant’s reproduction. What does this relationship demonstrate?a. predationb. commensalismc. mutualismd. parasitism

9. (2.1) What term best describes the bee’s role of gathering pollen?a. nicheb. predatorc. parasited. habitat

10. (2.1) Herbivore, carnivore, omnivore, detrivore

11. (2.2) Members of a food chaina. Autotroph

b. Heterotroph

12. (2.2) Identify the following as a food chain or food web, and explain the difference between them.

13. (2.2) Trophic level

14. (2.2) Food web dynamics (flow of energy)

15. (2.2) How does energy first enter a pond ecosystem?a. through growth of algaeb. through light from the sunc. through decay of dead fishd. through runoff from fields

16. (2.2) Which statement is true about energy in an ecosystem?a. energy for an ecosystem originates from the sunb. energy most often is released as light from an ecosystemc. energy flows from heterotrophs and autotrophsd. energy levels increase toward the top of the food chain

17. (2.3) List the steps of each cycle – a. Water:

b. Carbon:

Chapter 3: Communities, Biomes, & Ecosystems

1. (3.1) Limiting factors

2. (3.1) Zones of tolerance

3. (3.1) Primary vs. Secondary succession

4. (3.1) Pioneer species and their role

Chapter 4: Population Ecology1. (4.1) population dispersion

2. (4.1) population characteristics

3. (4.1) density independent vs. density dependent

4. (4.1) Which of the following is a density-independent factor?a. a severe droughtb. an intestinal parasitec. a fatal virusd. severe overcrowding

5. (4.1) spatial distributionLabel and draw each form of spatial distribution.

1. ____________________ 2. ___________________ 3. _____________________

6. (4.1) What is the dispersion pattern of a herding animals, birds that flock together, and fish that form schools?a. clumpedb. randomc. uniformd. unpredictable

7. (4.1) r-strategist vs. k-strategist

RATE

CARRYING CAPACITY

8. (4.1) If angelfish produce hundreds of young several times a year, which statement below is true?a. angelfish have a k-strategy reproductive patternb. angelfish have an r-strategy reproductive patternc. angelfish probably have a low mortality rated. angelfish provide a lot of care for their young

9. (4.1) growth rate calculation

10. (4.1) emigration vs. immigration

Chapter 5: Biodiversity and Conservation1. (5.1) Extinction factors

2. (5.1) biodiversity

3. (5.1) In which location would you expect to find greater species diversity?a. Canadab. Costa Ricac. Mexicod. United States

4. (5.1) genetic diversity, species diversity, ecosystem diversity

5. (5.2) Threats to biodiversity

6. (5.2) biological magnification

7. (5.3) renewable vs. nonrenewable resources

8. (5.3) bioremediation vs. biological augmentation

9. (5.3) sustainable use

Chapter 6: Chemistry in Biology1. (6.1) element

2. (6.1) subatomic particles and charges

3. (6.1) isotope

4. (6.1) ion

5. (6.1) van der Waals occur when:a. a positive atom and a negative atom bondb. two oppositely charged molecules are bondedc. two atoms share electronsd. two compounds with opposite charges bond

6. (6.1) Label each as a covalent bond or ionic bond and explain the difference

7. (6.2) chemical reaction, reactants, and products

8. (6.2) Is the following equation balanced? YES/NOCH4 + 2O2 CO2 + 2H2O

9. (6.2) activation energy and enzymes10.(6.2) Catalysts and enzymes help:

a. Create more product in the reactionb. Endothermic reactions release heatc. Decompose the reactantsd. Speed up reaction time

11. (6.2) substrates and active sites

12.(6.2) Label the following picture.

13. (6.2) endothermic vs. exothermic reactions

14. (6.3) water polarity

15. (6.3) acid vs. base

16. (6.3) Acid solutions are produced by the release of _______________ ionsa. Potassiumb. Hydrogenc. Oxygend. Sodium

17. (6.4) carbon atom

18. (6.4) basic types of organic compounds

Chapter 7: Cellular Structure & Function1. (7.1) Label each cell as prokaryotic or eukaryotic and explain the difference between them.

2. (7.1) cell theory

3. (7.2) plasma membrane structure

4. (7.2) selective permeability

5. (7.3) label the following as plant cell or animal cell and explain the difference between them.

6. (7.3) mitochondria

7. (7.3) endoplasmic reticulum

8. (7.4) diffusion vs. osmosis

9. (7.4) dynamic equilibrium

Chapter 8: Cellular Energy1. (8.1) ATP

2. (8.2) photosynthesis equation

3. (8.2) chlorophyll

4. (8.3) respiration equation

5. (8.3) fermentation

6. (8.3) aerobic vs. anaerobic