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Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Unit 13
Fastening Metal
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Fastening Metals• Three ways to fasten metals together
– using fasteners (screws, bolts, and rivets)– soldering/brazing– welding
• Selecting the correct method depends on- the thickness of the metal- strength needed- appearance needed- cost
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Drilling Holes in Metal
• Holes are needed to permit screws to pass through
• Usually made with high-speed twist drill
• If threads are needed, hole must be a very specific size
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Other Methods
• Punching: faster than drilling; only on thin metal
• Threading: cut into the hole with a tap
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Metal Fasteners
• Nuts and bolts
• Sheet metal screws
• Rivets
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Solder
• Mixture of tin and lead
• Used to join thin metal, make electrical connections, and join copper tubing/pipe
• Most soldering done with 50-50 solder
• Water supply must be lead-free solder
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Soldering Safety
• When using a propane torch– Wear goggles and insulated gloves
– Work area must be free of paper, grease, fuel, and other flammables
– Point torch away from you when lighting
– Use approved safety procedures and materials
– Place sheet metal behind pipes
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Important Terms• Soldering/brazing: fastening metal by melting a second
metal between the pieces• Welding: melting metals together• High-speed drill: hardened for use in metal• Jobbers-length drill: longer length drill• Tap: a hardened, brittle, fluted tool used to cut threads
into a hole• Die: cuts threads onto a rod or bolt
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Important Terms (continued)
• Tap and die set/screw plate: set of tools for making threads
• Taper, plug, and bottoming taps: tools used to tap threads inside a hole
• Bolt threads: straight; can be cut the entire length of a rod
• Pipe fittings: hollow connectors designed to attach to pipe
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Important Terms (continued)
• Teflon tape/pipe joint compound: material used to seal the area between threads when used to deliver gases or liquids
• Rivet: fastening device held in place by flattening one or both ends
• Tinning: coating the tip of a soldering copper with solder
• Flux: material that removes tarnish or corrosion
Copyright © 2010 Delmar, Cengage Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Important Terms (continued)
• Hollow core solder: solder with flux inside• Soldering copper: tool used for soldering• Sal ammoniac: cube of special flux used to clean
soldering coppers• Sweating: the process of soldering copper pipe
into a fitting