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Copyright ©
2012 Brooks/C
ole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.Professional ConcernsProfessional Concerns
Chapter NineChapter Nine
Copyright ©
2012 Brooks/C
ole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
Ethical ConsiderationsEthical Considerations
Codes of ethicsCodes of ethics
Competence and responsibilityCompetence and responsibility
ConfidentialityConfidentiality
Clients’ rights Clients’ rights
Copyright ©
2012 Brooks/C
ole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
Ethical PrinciplesEthical Principles
AutonomyAutonomy
NonmaleficenceNonmaleficence
BeneficenceBeneficence
JusticeJustice
FidelityFidelity
VeracityVeracity
Copyright ©
2012 Brooks/C
ole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
AutonomyAutonomy
This represents the commitment to respect This represents the commitment to respect a client’s right to define his or her own a client’s right to define his or her own problemproblem
This serves to foster self-determination This serves to foster self-determination and support for client independenceand support for client independence
Remember Remember empowermentempowerment
Copyright ©
2012 Brooks/C
ole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
NonmaleficenceNonmaleficence
This means that the professional will not This means that the professional will not cause the client harmcause the client harm
In providing service the professional will In providing service the professional will not take risks that might bring to the client not take risks that might bring to the client
Copyright ©
2012 Brooks/C
ole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
BeneficenceBeneficence
This defines an act in someone’s best This defines an act in someone’s best interestinterest
This is client focus and acts with the This is client focus and acts with the client’s best interest in mindclient’s best interest in mind
This also means occasionally opposing This also means occasionally opposing other interestsother interests
Copyright ©
2012 Brooks/C
ole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
JusticeJustice
This means that the profession will act to This means that the profession will act to promote equality of access for clientspromote equality of access for clients
The profession is intentional fair in all The profession is intentional fair in all interactionsinteractions
The profession adheres to principles of The profession adheres to principles of nondiscriminationnondiscrimination
Copyright ©
2012 Brooks/C
ole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
FidelityFidelity
This means to honor the trust a clients This means to honor the trust a clients place in their helperplace in their helper
It works to avoid the erosion of that trustIt works to avoid the erosion of that trust
It mean that the profession works to fulfill It mean that the profession works to fulfill and maintain their responsibility toward and maintain their responsibility toward clientsclients
Copyright ©
2012 Brooks/C
ole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
VeracityVeracity
Professionals are honest with clientsProfessionals are honest with clients
The professional is committed to providing The professional is committed to providing clients with all the information they needclients with all the information they need
It also means the providing of fair and It also means the providing of fair and honest feedbackhonest feedback
Copyright ©
2012 Brooks/C
ole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
Codes of EthicsCodes of Ethics
Goals or aims of professionGoals or aims of profession
Protection for clientProtection for client
Guidelines for professional behaviorGuidelines for professional behavior
Professional identityProfessional identity
Copyright ©
2012 Brooks/C
ole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
Codes of Ethics: Purpose and Codes of Ethics: Purpose and LimitationsLimitations
The primary purpose of for a code of The primary purpose of for a code of ethics is to establish guidelines for ethics is to establish guidelines for professional behavior and to assist professional behavior and to assist members of a profession in establishing a members of a profession in establishing a professional identityprofessional identity
They can serve as a benchmark in the They can serve as a benchmark in the enforcement of ethical standardsenforcement of ethical standards
Copyright ©
2012 Brooks/C
ole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
Codes of Ethics: Purpose and Codes of Ethics: Purpose and LimitationsLimitations
Codes of ethics do have limitations; they Codes of ethics do have limitations; they cannot foresee or address every issuecannot foresee or address every issue
Once again, however, they do provide a Once again, however, they do provide a frame work for ethical behavior in generalframe work for ethical behavior in general
Copyright ©
2012 Brooks/C
ole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
Codes of Ethics: Purpose and Codes of Ethics: Purpose and LimitationsLimitations
While a code of ethics may include a While a code of ethics may include a confidentiality provision it cannot confidentiality provision it cannot supersede legal obligations as stated by a supersede legal obligations as stated by a legislative bodylegislative body
California Supreme Courts, in Tarasoff California Supreme Courts, in Tarasoff (1976) has ruled that there is a duty to (1976) has ruled that there is a duty to warn potential victims of dangerwarn potential victims of danger
Copyright ©
2012 Brooks/C
ole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
Ethics andEthics and
The professionThe profession
The lawThe law
Diversity Diversity
TechnologyTechnology
Copyright ©
2012 Brooks/C
ole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
Codes of Ethics and the Codes of Ethics and the ProfessionProfession
Codes of ethics usually provide a means Codes of ethics usually provide a means for a profession to police itselffor a profession to police itself
This self-regulation usually provides for This self-regulation usually provides for two types of discipline related to a violationtwo types of discipline related to a violation– InformalInformal– FormalFormal
Copyright ©
2012 Brooks/C
ole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
Codes of Ethics and the Codes of Ethics and the ProfessionProfession
Informal discipline is seen in the subtle Informal discipline is seen in the subtle and not-so-subtle ways in which and not-so-subtle ways in which colleagues exert pressure on one another colleagues exert pressure on one another to encourage the appropriate ethical to encourage the appropriate ethical behaviorbehavior
Formal discipline is generally public and a Formal discipline is generally public and a professional may be censured or barred professional may be censured or barred from the professionfrom the profession
Copyright ©
2012 Brooks/C
ole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
Codes of Ethics and the LawCodes of Ethics and the Law
The law is generally supportive or, at the The law is generally supportive or, at the very least, neutral toward ethical codesvery least, neutral toward ethical codes
The law does, however, intervene and The law does, however, intervene and override an ethical code to protect the override an ethical code to protect the publics health, safety, and welfarepublics health, safety, and welfare
Copyright ©
2012 Brooks/C
ole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
Codes of Ethics and DiversityCodes of Ethics and Diversity
The Ethical Standards of Human Service The Ethical Standards of Human Service Professionals has a preamble stating:Professionals has a preamble stating:
– [The need for] “an appreciation of human [The need for] “an appreciation of human beings in all their diversity”beings in all their diversity”
– This essentially requires the knowledge This essentially requires the knowledge necessary to provide each client with necessary to provide each client with “respect, acceptance, and dignity…”“respect, acceptance, and dignity…”
Copyright ©
2012 Brooks/C
ole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
Codes of Ethics and Codes of Ethics and TechnologyTechnology
The ever increasing use of technology has The ever increasing use of technology has created a number of concerns for the created a number of concerns for the Human Services ProfessionalHuman Services Professional– The most obvious areas of concern deal with The most obvious areas of concern deal with
confidentiality and the multitude of electronic confidentiality and the multitude of electronic means of communicationmeans of communication
– The Web, teleconferencing, voice mail, email, The Web, teleconferencing, voice mail, email, etc. present points of concernetc. present points of concern
Copyright ©
2012 Brooks/C
ole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
CompetenceCompetence
Academic trainingAcademic training
Practical trainingPractical training
Supervised experienceSupervised experience
Copyright ©
2012 Brooks/C
ole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
ResponsibilityResponsibility
Protect clientsProtect clients
Support professionSupport profession
Promote justicePromote justice
Copyright ©
2012 Brooks/C
ole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
ConfidentialityConfidentiality
Privileged communicationPrivileged communication
Relative confidentialityRelative confidentiality
Concerns about technologyConcerns about technology
Copyright ©
2012 Brooks/C
ole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
Clients’ RightsClients’ Rights
Right to privacyRight to privacy
Informed consentInformed consent
Professional disclosure Professional disclosure statementstatement
ProtectionProtection
Copyright ©
2012 Brooks/C
ole, a division of Cengage Learning, Inc.
Ethical Decision MakingEthical Decision Making
Moral responsiblenessMoral responsibleness
ModelModel–Identify problemIdentify problem
–ConsultConsult
–Explore optionsExplore options
–Choose and actChoose and act