Copyright 2012 Terema Ltd Please go to

Copyright 2012 Terema Ltd

Please go to www.isqua.org


Teaching Human Factors in Healthcare

Captain Phil HigtonDirector of Training, Terema Ltd

[email protected]


Overview

• Hearts over minds– A behavioural rather than intellectual exercise

• Getting past ego– Reframing as a professional duty

• Viewing HF in the round– Three dimensional view in a complex environment – avoiding

over simplification

• Tools without insight– A balancing act

• Integration– Connected to the clinical, not stand-alone topics and isolated

groups


The Ergonomic Spectrum

The physical working

environment

The man – machine

interface

Interpersonal. Group dynamics and teamworking

Intrapersonal.Self

management


System and Process

People and Culture


Human Factors

Team Skills

Team Resource

Management

Human Factors / TRM


• Error is normal

• Performance is variable

• System and Process interact with People and Culture

Human Factor Principles

System and Process

People and Culture


The Vulnerable Human

Human Performance and Limitations

‘No system is foolproof to a sufficiently inventive fool’

(Mark Twain)


Safety

SituationAwareness

RiskManagement

Communication

ChoosingBehaviour

Feedback

Leadership Followership

andMotivation

Human Factor Topics

SituationAwareness

Communication

Choosing Behaviour


Arousal

• Performance

Workload

Physiology

Psyche

Interpersonal

Environment

Technology


THE SPOKEN WORD

Social

ProfessionalCrisis

Jargon


CHECKLISTS• Normal (routine)• Non-normal• Emergency

All have their specific mode of use For effective use there needs to be a shared

understanding of purpose, structure and discipline

Address issues of attention, distraction, memory and co-ordination


NORMAL CHECKLISTS

BEFORE START

WINDOWS............................................................LOCKED, L/R

OXYGEN.......................................................................SET, L/R

FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS...............................................SET, L/R

ALTIMETERS...............................QNH____ SET AND X-CHKD

PARK BRAKE……………......................................................SET

FUEL CONTROL………..................................................CUTOFF

FUEL……………………..........................................____TONNES

PASSENGER SIGNS..............................................................ON

BUGS……………………..................ASI____ALT____ENG____

CDU………………………........................................................SET

TRIMS …………………....................____UNITS, ZERO & ZERO

FLIGHT CONTROLS…….............................................CHECKED

CHALLENGE

RESPONSE

Checklist, not a ‘TO DO’ list


BriefingThe effective briefing will be operationally thorough, interesting and will address co-

ordination, planning and potential problems.

Leadership / Followership / Concern for the Task

The extent to which appropriate leadership and followership are practiced..

Communication and DecisionReflects the extent to which free and open

communication is practiced. Active participation in decisions encouraged.

Interpersonal Relationships / Group Climate

Reflects the quality of relationships among the team, the overall climate in the workplace

Team Self FeedbackThe extent to which a team recognises the need

to give and receive feedback.

Preparation / Planning / VigilanceReflects the extent to which teams plan ahead,

maintain situation awareness and anticipate contingencies.

Enquiry / Advocacy / AssertionTeam members advocate, with appropriate

persistence, the course of action they feel is best, even if it involves disagreement.

Workload / DistractionsThis is a rating of time and workload

management. It reflects how the team distributes tasks, avoids overload and distractions.

NASA / UT Teamskills


Getting things done

• Hierarchy– Pecking Order– Organisational

structure– Responsibility– Stable / fixed in the

short term

• Authority Gradient– Power– Proximity– Relationships– Flexible


Review• Hearts over minds

– A behavioural rather than intellectual exercise

• Getting past ego– Reframing as a professional duty

• Viewing HF in the round– Three dimensional view in a complex environment – avoiding

over simplification

• Tools without insight– A balancing act

• Integration– Connected to the clinical, not stand-alone topics and isolated

groups


Questionsor

Comments

[email protected]

Thank you

Documents

Copyright 2012 Terema Ltd Please go to