CORNEAL TATTOOING

A way to express themselves; A way to tell their personal story

HISTORY …

• Belongs to the oldest forms of tattoo art • Exist for almost 2000 years• Galem of Pergamum, a Roman physician and

philosopher first mentioned in corneal tattooing history.

• Later process wad described by Aetius ; an attempt to mask the leaukomatus opacities of eyes (white spots of eye cornea)

Pauly Unstopabble

• July 19th Year 2007• Canadian • Body modification

collector• First in the world to

tattoo white part of their eyes

• Endure 40 injections of light blue ink into the sclera of both eyes

David Boltjes

• Serving 4 years in jail for fraud.• First American to try eyeball tattoo.• Tattooed the white part of his eye to red color.

Paul Inman• Serving 73 years in jail.• Mr. David Boltjes’s cell mate.• Followed David Boltjes footsteps after seeing

few more inmates got inked on the eyeballs. • His eyeballs are tattooed to dark blue.

Why do some people interested on eye tattoo?

1. As a body art to expressed themselves2. To be unique3. Thought it was a current trend and wanted to

be cool.4. To improve cosmetic appearance ( strictly for medical purposes)

Eye tattoos

ProceduresPoke at an angle (creating a long puncture) into the corneal stroma

Rub in the ink with Daviel curet (NaCl) to prevent against the often obscure and also prevent repetitive irrigation.

The process continue until the whole sclera dyed with color.

work well in about 90% of patients (remaining complain the ink not holding.

A feeling of something stuck in eyes during healing

Primary healing take about a week, similar time to normal tattoo

Standard drawing ink will be used (the drawing inks chosen had over sixty years of successful history)

Standard tri-bevel needle similar to what is used to body piercing is used in corneal tattoo.

Implications

• Useful method in achieving a good cosmetic report.

• Reduce glare within the eye due to iris loss and increase visual acuity.

• Treatment after the procedure itself is limited.

• Difficulty in performing the procedure.

• Result might not as what expected.

• Result may not last long.

• Not all leucoma respond to the tattooing.

• Considerable links to corneal tattooing.

• Might not work successfully.

Ink to paper is thoughtful;Ink to flesh hard-core;

If Shakespeare is a tattooist;

We’d appreciate body art more.