Correctly Integrating Quotations[1]

8/7/2019 Correctly Integrating Quotations[1]

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Never leave

a quotationnaked!


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You wouldnt wear clothes

that only cover up the front-

side or the back-side of yourbody, so dont leave your

quotation half naked either.


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Clothe the Front

There are two ways to

begin a sentence that

includes a quotation.

1. Use a signal phrase.

2. Integrate the authors words intoyour own writing.


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Signal Phrases

A signal phrase indicates that

you are about to uselanguage that is not your

own.


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Signal Phrases

Example:

Puritan author AnneBradstreet observes,

(see the handout I gave you for signalphrase verbs to use instead of using

said)


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Example 1

Revise:

Benjamin Franklin, one Cavalier

author, portrayed his worldviewthrough his works, I thought I

knew what was right and wrong

(Franklin 114).


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WARNING

Just adding a quotation to

the end of a relatedsentence does not mean

that you have used asignal phrase.


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Example 1

Fixed:

Benjamin Franklin, one Cavalier

author, portrays his worldviewthrough his works, claiming, I

thought I knew what was right and

wrong (114).


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Example 2

Revise:

She also shows a reliance on God,

and to [her] God [her] heart did cry tostrengthen [her] in [her] distress (15).


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Example 2

Fixed:

She also shows a reliance on God,

stating, and to my God my heart didcry to strengthen me in my distress

(Bradstreet 15).


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Example 3

Revise:

He writes of the journey he

undertakes in which he tries toachieve perfection. It was about this

time [he] conceived the bold and

arduous project of arriving at moralperfection (114).


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Example 3

Fixed:

About his journey to achieve

perfection, Franklin writes, It wasabout this time I conceived the bold

and arduous project of arriving at

moral perfection (114).


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Signal phrases must introduce

your quote. You are notwriting a mystery storydont

make the reader guess where

your quote came from. Make

sure you list

Who your author is Their credentials


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Integrate the Authors Words

If you choose to incorporate the

authors words into your

sentence, the result must be

grammatically correct and

refer directly to the topic ofyour sentence.


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Example 5

Revise:

She also conveys what is really important

and valuable to her, that God is her focusand provider, Its purchased and paid for

too by Him who hath enough to do (17).


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Example 5

Fixed:

She also conveys that her house is not her

own, rather, Its purchased and paid fortoo by Him who hath enough to do (17).


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Example 6

Revise (its too wordy):

Such a case had arisen in William

Bradfords Of Plymouth Plantation, Beingthus arrived in a good harbor, and brought

safe to land, they fell upon their knees and

blessed the God in heaven (53).


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Example 6

Fixed:

After arriving in the New World, the

Puritans fell upon their knees and blessedthe God in heaven (Bradford 53).


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Clothe the Back

You must explain

the significance

of every quote inyour paper.


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Example 7

Revise:

In his Autobiography, Franklin writes,

It was about this time I conceived thebold and arduous project of arriving at

moral perfection (14).


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Example 7

Fixed:

In his Autobiography, Franklin writes,

It was about this time I conceived thebold and arduous project of arriving at

moral perfection (14). Franklin

believed that he did not need theLord, or anyones help to achieve

perfection.


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Revise:

In William Bradfords narrative, Of

Plymouth Plantation, he says that [the

Puritans] fell upon their knees and blessedthe God of Heaven who had brought them

over the vast and furious ocean (53).

Example 8


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Example 8

Fixed:

In William Bradfords narrative, Of

Plymouth Plantation, he states that [the

Puritans] fell upon their knees and blessedthe God of Heaven who had brought them

over the vast and furious ocean (53).

This illustrates Bradfords belief that thePuritans were very close in their

relationship with God because they were

constantly interacting with Him.


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Do Not Refer to the Quotation

Other than naked quotations,

the most common mistake

in freshmen composition

research essays is referring

directly to the quotation.


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Also, Bradstreet believed that God

could help her cope with her pain

when her house burned down. Thisbelief is demonstrated in the following

quote: And to my God my heart did

cry/ to strengthen me in mydistress (8-9).


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He stated his belief that God was

active in the peoples lives by stating

if God should withdraw his hand,they would avail no more to keep you

from falling than the thin air to hold up

a person that is suspended (72).This quote shows that God is in

control.

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Correctly Integrating Quotations[1]