Corruption of Common Wealth Game Final

7/31/2019 Corruption of Common Wealth Game Final

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Corruption In Common Wealth

Games


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CORRUPTION IN COMMONWEALTH GAMES

CORRUPTION IN COMMON WEALTH GAMES

Sr.no Topic

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C.W.G Introduction.


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The Commonwealth Games is an

international, multi-sport event involving athletesfrom the Commonwealth of Nations. The eventwas first held in 1930 and takes place every four

years. The Games are described as the third
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations


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largest multi-sport event in the world after theOlympic Games and the Asian Games.

It was initially known as the British EmpireGames and was renamed to the British Empireand Commonwealth Games in 1954 and theBritish Commonwealth Games in 1970, beforefinally gaining its current title for the 1978edition.

The Games are overseen by theCommonwealth Games Federation (CGF), whichalso controls the sporting programme and selectsthe host cities. A host city is selected for each

edition and eighteen cities in seven countries havehosted the event.

As well as many Olympic sports, the Gamesalso include some sports that are played mainly inCommonwealth countries, such as lawn bowls,

rugby sevens and netball. Only six teams haveattended every Commonwealth Games: Australia,Canada,England,New Zealand,Scotland andWales. Australia has been the highest achievingteam for eleven games, England for seven andCanada for one.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olympic_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asian_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Empirehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waleshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waleshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Empirehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asian_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olympic_Games


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Although there are 54 members of theCommonwealth of Nations, 71 teams participate inthe Commonwealth Games as a number ofBritishoverseas territories,Crown dependencies, and

island states compete under their own flag. Thefour Home Nations of the United KingdomEngland,Scotland,Wales and Northern Irelandalso send separate teams.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Overseas_Territorieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Overseas_Territorieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crown_dependencieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_Nationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waleshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Irelandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Irelandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waleshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_Nationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crown_dependencieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Overseas_Territorieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Overseas_Territories


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[Flag Of The British CommonWealth]

A sporting competition

bringing together the members of the BritishEmpire was first proposed by the Reverend Astley

Cooper in 1891 when he wrote an article in The

Timessuggesting a "Pan-Britannic-Pan-Anglican

Contest and Festival every four years as a means

of increasing the goodwill and goodunderstanding of the British Empire".

In 1911, the Festival of the Empire was held inLondon to celebrate the coronation of KingGeorge V. As part of the festival an Inter-EmpireChampionships was held in which teams fromAustralia, Canada, South Africa and the UnitedKingdom competed in events such as boxing,

wrestling, swimming and athletics.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Empirehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Empirehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Timeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Timeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Festival_of_the_Empirehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_V_of_the_United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_V_of_the_United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Festival_of_the_Empirehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Timeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Timeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Empirehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Empire


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In 1928, Melville Marks Robinson of Canada wasasked to organise the first British Empire Games.The first Games were held in 1930 in Hamilton,Ontario, Canada. The name changed to

in 1954, toin 1970 and

assumed the current name of the CommonwealthGames in 1978.

At the 1930 games, women competed in theswimming events only. From 1934, women alsocompeted in some athletics events.

The Commonwealth Paraplegic Games were held

alongside the Commonwealth Games from 1962 to1974.In the regular Commonwealth Games,athletes with a disability were first included inexhibition events at the 1994 Victoria, CanadaGames.At the 2002 Manchester Games they wereincluded as full members of their national teams,making them the first fully inclusive internationalmulti-sport games. This meant that results wereincluded in the medal count.

The Empire Games flag was donated in 1931 bythe British Empire Games Association of Canada.

The year and location of subsequent games were
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melville_Marks_Robinsonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Empire_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamilton,_Ontariohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ontariohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonwealth_Paraplegic_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1994_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1994_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2002_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2002_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1994_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1994_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonwealth_Paraplegic_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ontariohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamilton,_Ontariohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Empire_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melville_Marks_Robinson


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added until the 1950 games. The name of theevent was changed to the British Empire andCommonwealth Games and the flag was retired asa result.

Commonwealth Winter GamesThe is a multi-

sport event comprising winter sports, last held in

1966. Three editions of the Games have beenstaged. The Winter Games were designed as acounterbalance to the Commonwealth Games,

which focuses on summer sports, to accompanytheWinter Olympics and Summer OlympicGames.

Commonwealth Youth GamesThe are a

small-scale version of the CommonwealthGames, designed for the youth of the 71Commonwealth countries.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-sport_eventhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-sport_eventhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winter_Olympic_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_Olympic_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_Olympic_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_Olympic_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_Olympic_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winter_Olympic_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-sport_eventhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-sport_event


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EDITIONS

Edition Year Host City Host

Nation

Start

Date

End Date Sports Events Nations Competitors

British Empire Games

I 1930Hamilton

Canada 16 August 23 August 6 59 11 400

II 1934 London England 4 August 11 August 6 68 16 500

III 1938 Sydney Australia 5

February

12

February

7 71 15 464

IV 1950Auckland

New

Zealand

4

February

11

February

9 88 12 590

British Empire and Commonwealth GamesV 1954Vancouver

Canada 30 July 7 August 9 91 24 662

VI 1958 Cardiff Wales 18 July 26 July 9 94 36 1122

VII 1962 Perth Australia 22

November

1

December

9 104 35 863

VIII 1966Kingston

Jamaica 4 August 13 August 9 110 34 1050

British Commonwealth Games

IX 1970Edinburgh

Scotland 16 July 25 July 9 121 42 1383

X 1974Christchurch

New

Zealand

24

January

2

February

9 121 38 1276

Commonwealth GamesXI 1978

EdmontonCanada 3 August 12 August 10 128 46 1474

XII 1982Brisbane

Australia 30

September

9 October 10 142 46 1583

XIII 1986Edinburgh

Scotland 24 July 2 August 10 163 26 1662

XIV 1990Auckland

New

Zealand

24

January

3

February

10 204 55 2073

XV 1994 Victoria Canada 18 August 28 August 10 217 63 2557

XVI 1998 Kuala

Lumpur

Malaysia 11

September

21

September

15 213 70 3633

XVII 2002Manchester

England 25 July 4 August 171 281 72 3679

XVIII 2006Melbourne

Australia 15 March 26 March 162

245 71 4049

XIX 2010 Delhi India 3 October 14

October

173

272 71 6700

XX 2014Glasgow

Scotland 23 July 3 August

XXI 2018 Gold

Coast

Australia 4 April 15 April

XXII 2022 TBA TBA TBA TBA
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1930_British_Empire_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1930_British_Empire_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamilton,_Ontariohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1934_British_Empire_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1934_British_Empire_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Londonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1938_British_Empire_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1938_British_Empire_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydneyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydneyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1950_British_Empire_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1950_British_Empire_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aucklandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1954_British_Empire_and_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vancouverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1958_British_Empire_and_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiffhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waleshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1962_British_Empire_and_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1966_British_Empire_and_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1966_British_Empire_and_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingston,_Jamaicahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamaicahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1970_British_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1970_British_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edinburghhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edinburghhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1974_British_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christchurchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1978_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmontonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmontonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1982_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brisbanehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1986_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1986_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edinburghhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edinburghhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1990_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1990_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aucklandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1994_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victoria,_British_Columbiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1998_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuala_Lumpurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuala_Lumpurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuala_Lumpurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2002_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manchesterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melbournehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delhihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glasgowhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2018_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2018_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_Coast,_Queenslandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_Coast,_Queenslandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamaicahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waleshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.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nadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamaicahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waleshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamaicahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waleshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamaicahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waleshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamaicahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waleshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamaicahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waleshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamaicahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waleshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.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p://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waleshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_Coast,_Queenslandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_Coast,_Queenslandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2018_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glasgowhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delhihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melbournehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manchesterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2002_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuala_Lumpurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuala_Lumpurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1998_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victoria,_British_Columbiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1994_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aucklandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1990_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edinburghhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1986_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brisbanehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1982_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmontonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1978_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christchurchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1974_British_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edinburghhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1970_British_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamaicahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingston,_Jamaicahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1966_British_Empire_and_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1962_British_Empire_and_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waleshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiffhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1958_British_Empire_and_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vancouverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1954_British_Empire_and_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aucklandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1950_British_Empire_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydneyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1938_British_Empire_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Londonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1934_British_Empire_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamilton,_Ontariohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1930_British_Empire_Games


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Rank Country Region Editions hosted

1 Australia Oceania 5 (1938, 1962, 1982, 2006,2018)

2 Canada Americas 4 (1930, 1954, 1978, 1994)

3 New Zealand Oceania 3 (1950, 1974, 1990)

Scotland Europe 3 (1970, 1986,2014)

5 England Europe 2 (1934, 2002)

6 India Asia 1 (2010)

Malaysia Asia 1 (1998)

Jamaica Caribbean 1 (1966)

Wales Europe 1 (1958)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oceaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1938_British_Empire_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1962_British_Empire_and_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1982_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2018_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2018_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Americashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1930_British_Empire_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1954_British_Empire_and_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1978_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1994_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oceaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1950_British_Empire_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1974_British_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1990_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1970_British_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1986_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1934_British_Empire_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2002_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1998_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamaicahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caribbeanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1966_British_Empire_and_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waleshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1958_British_Empire_and_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1958_British_Empire_and_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waleshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1966_British_Empire_and_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caribbeanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamaicahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1998_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2002_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1934_British_Empire_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Englandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1986_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1970_British_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1990_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1974_British_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1950_British_Empire_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oceaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Zealandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1994_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1978_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1954_British_Empire_and_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1930_British_Empire_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Americashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2018_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1982_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1962_British_Empire_and_Commonwealth_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1938_British_Empire_Gameshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oceaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australia


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CORRUPTION IN COMMONWEALTH

GAME

The CommonwealthGames in New Delhi have been called India's prideand a spectacle of its capabilities. It might end up

being a spectacle of corruption though.CNN-IBN has accessed a report of the Chief

Vigilance Commission (CVC) which points tocorruption at every level in the organization ofthe games. The CVC report says that almost allorganisations executing infrastructure works for

Commonwealth Games have flouted rules intenders and increased their prices. This meanscontractors have been paid more that what is theright price.

But despite higher rates, work has allegedly

been delayed and quality has been compromised


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in all venues. The report says there is noguarantee of quality of the work done becausetest records have been fabricated to showcompliance.

Concrete used in infrastructure work invarious stadiums has failed to meet therequirement of strength. Concrete used in thestadiums is an ordinary mixture instead of the

prescribed 'ready mix concrete'. This poses a riskto athletes and spectators at the games. A thirdparty inspection agency appointed to submitmonthly report has not prepared even a singlereport on work quality.

There is yet another flaw that is potentiallydangerous: electrical installations have not beentested in 14 out of the 17 venues before putting itto public use. The CVC report says in thiscondition electrical mishaps cannot be ruled out.Several agencies have been awarded contracts

despite a ban on them.The CVC, early this year, decided not to blow

the whistle about corruption at the games on arequest from the Prime Minister's Office and forthe fear of being branded obstructionist, but nowa litany of complaints has forced the agency to


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investigate the biggest sporting spectacle thecountry will host in October.

The report, exclusively accessed by CNN-IBN,has been sent to all Central government and Delhigovernment departments responsible for handlingthe game works.

Corruption, negligence and irregularities in

organising the 2010 Commonwealth Games hascost the nation more than Rs2,300 crore,according to the CAG report.

A day after the CAG tabled its report on theCWG scam, DNA undertook an exercise tocompute the loss caused to the exchequer due to

acts of commission and omission by all theprincipal characters involved in this murkyepisode.

A team of reporters hit the 743-page reportand it seems that the CWG cost the public a

whopping Rs2,342 crore that is Rs195 crorelost per day to corruption, negligence and othersundry irregularities. This is only the loss causedto the nation not the total cost of the Games.

This means, had Suresh Kalmadi, his colleagues

in the organising committee, the officials of theSheila Dikshit-led Delhi government and the


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union urban development ministry done anhonest job, this money could have been put tobetter use. Perhaps more villages would have gotdrinking water, or more schools could have beenbuilt.

Instead, Rs2,342 crore went either to somecorrupt pockets or, at best, was criminally wasted.Perhaps had the prime ministers office heeded

the advice and protests of senior cabinet ministerslike the then sports minister, Sunil Dutt, or hissuccessor Mani Shankar Aiyar, India could haveprevented this loss. DNA calculated this sum onthe basis of areas identified by the CAG as casesof clear loss, extra, wasteful, unfruitful,

infructuous or avoidable expenditure.

The OC and the Delhi governments inabilityto levy penalties for delays in carrying out worksby erring contractors as enshrined in thecontracts was also used to calculate this loss.

Deputy CAG Rekha Gupta on Friday saidthey were yet to quantify the total loss. But it isimportant to arrive at a definite figure tounderstand the enormity of the loss that a 12 day-sporting event could cause to a nation.


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For, the Games was supposed to be an eventthat would showcase India to the world.

This year Common Wealth Games (CWG) are

about to be organized by the worlds one of the

largest economy i.e. INDIA. All the Indians are

proud of it. Last time, it was held in London andat the closing ceremony, it was declared that next

time, the destination is Delhi. Bollywood actors

Saif Ali Khan and Rani Mukharjee gave a very

lively performance. Everybody thought it would be

fun next time and would be much better than
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London.

But as usual, these games are alsosurrounded by the demons of corruption; and the

head of these demons is Mr. Suresh Kalmadi.

Nobody could even guess that such a big

blunder of 40,000 crores is

happening behind the scene. But, as it is said,nothing can be kept hidden from the GOD

ALMIGHTY. Due to rain, the sports building got

flooded and all this mess of using low quality

products came out. But the bills shown to the

government are of high quality and moreamount.When there is only less than 45 days

remaining in these games, news of corrupted

officers flashed on every leading news channel.

Well, Mr. Kalmadi is the head of CWG 2010and also the head of Olympic Association from

last 14 years. And he is the main villain of

corruption, as represented by most of the news

channels these days.
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But Kalmadi should not totally be blamed,

becausethis corruption is culture of our nation.

Localites blame to government for disorganizationof such an international event. People getting

annoyed ofcorruption within the government, are

displaying protest on roads, breaking government

rules and burning the models and pictures of

Kalmadi. But they forget that they are also linkedwith corruption in one way or other. For

instance, if a person is caught by traffic police for

breaking traffic rules and Rs 500 is charged on

him, then he would probably try to convince

policeman to take Rs 100 and leave him. If taking

bribe is crime then giving bribe is crime too. But

at that time, people forget this law and become

happy that they have saved Rs 400.

This was a small example showing the real story

of our natives.

The only difference between a common man

and ministers is that common man bribe or get

bribed at small level and ministers do the same at

government level. Everybody wants their own
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profit. And its not the problem of just our

country; this bribe culture is present in most of

the country.

Like CWG, Indian Premier League (IPL) is

another association whose commissioner Mr. Lalit

Modi is found guilty in corruption. It is Indias

biggest event in the field of cricket, just 3 years

old. But it also got dirty by corruption.

The only way that India would progress is if

this corruption is completely erased from this

sub-continent.

There must be some way to lower the rate of

corruption. I hope that our leaders would find

such way very soon.


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The Games spawned a maze ofcorrupt deals, most of them involving inflated

contracts. Instead of selecting companies who

offered the best prices, equipment and services

were hired from firms who over-quoted. Often,

companies who offered better deals weredisqualified for inexplicable reasons. Investigations

suggest the Organizing Committee ran as a sort

of 'badmaash company' - many of Mr Kalmadi's

closest aides like Lalit Bhanot and V K Verma

were also arrested.


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KALMADI was accused of handing out a Rs.

141-crore contract to Swiss Timing for its timingequipment - the deal was inflated by Rs. 95

crores. An official recommended the

disqualification of a Swedish company, allegedly at

Mr Kalmadi's behest, leaving only the Swiss firm

in the fray. The Central Bureau of Investigation,which probed the case, filed a chargesheet against

Kalmadi in May 2011.

Mr Kalmadi, a politician with serious clout in

his home town of Pune, may have miscalculated in

positioning himself as the face of the Games. Hiscritics put this down to megalomania. Whether or

not that is true, Mr Kalmadi's fall from grace

began in the run up to the Games, when it

became clear that despite busting huge budgets

and reassurances of delivering a world-class event,Delhi was far from ready to host the Games.

Venues were not ready. Basic equipment had yet

to arrive.

Less than 10 days before athletes were to

move into the village built especially for them


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near the banks of the Yamuna in Delhi, foreign

crews were invited to tour the apartments that

would house delegates. It was an unforgettableopen house. There were dog paw marks on bed

sheets. Human waste was lying on bathroom

floors, left behind by construction workers.

International headlines

With the Games skidding into catastrophicturf, the Commonwealth international body -

named Commonwealth Games Federation -

publicly stated its unhappiness with the preps. In

October 2009, federation head Michael Fennel

announced an independent technical review panelto monitor Delhi's progress. The proposal was

shot down by Mr. Kalmadi's Organizing

Committee. Reported on every humiliating detail.

Despite the many embarrassments in the

run-up the Games, the opening ceremony washailed as spectacular. The show-stopper was

incredible and huge with an aerostat flown in

from Australia. But Kalmadis was by now a figure

of disrepute for the Indian public which booed

him during his speech at this ceremony.


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Kalmadis refused to accept the blame. At

the closing ceremony on October 14, he was

heckled again. When he thanked Congresspresident Sonia Gandhi for her guidance, she was

seen publicly shaking her head - a clear sign that

Mr. Kalmadi's party wanted little more to do with

him.


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The 2010 Commonwealth Games has been

beset by a raft of problems -- including security,

venue and health fears -- ever since Delhi were

awarded the event in November 2003.

In the run-up to the Oct. 3-14 Games, theevent which should have highlighted India as anemerging global power is threatening to turn intoa national embarrassment.

* Security in India is on high alert since gunmenattack a bus carrying Sri Lanka's cricket teamoutside a Lahore stadium in Pakistan, killing seven

people, including six policemen and a driver. Sixof the team and a British coach are wounded.

* Triple Olympic champion Usain Bolt deals ablow to the Games when he pulls out because the

event is taking place too late in the year.
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* Quadruple Olympic gold medallist Chris Hoy

pulls out of Games due to clash of dates with theEuropean cycling championships, which carryOlympic qualification points.

* The shooting range is damaged by heavy rainswhile monsoon downpours cause water to seepthrough the roof and walls of the swimming pool

complex. A loose grill tripped and injured aswimmer at a test event.

* Sports minister MS Gill reveals that theestimated cost of staging the Games has escalatedfrom 6.5 billion rupees ($142 million) to 115billion.

* Three senior Delhi Games officials aresuspended over financial irregularities during theQueen's Baton Relay launch in London in 2009.The government's anti-corruption watchdog

identifies 16 projects where financial irregularitiesare suspected. Indian Prime Minister ManmohanSingh orders an investigation into the corruptioncharges. Corruption is suspected in award ofcontracts and in hiring or purchase of equipmentsuch as air conditioners and treadmills and even

toilet paper, Indian media reported.


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* With less than two months to go to the openingceremony, much of the Indian capital resembles abuilding site. Piles of rubble and digging machineshave squeezed even tighter the usual snarl of cars,rickshaws and bikes, upsetting residents.

* An outbreak of dengue fever is also cause forconcern. Local media allege stagnant pools atconstruction sites have become breeding grounds

for mosquitoes, forcing organisers to double thenumber of hand-operated fogging machines usedin the Games Village area.

* Two Indian state-run firms withdraw theirsponsorship due to "negative publicity" of theevent stemming from allegations of graft and

mismanagement.

* Australian swimming great Dawn Fraser advisesher compatriots to consider boycotting the eventas she fears the security situation could turn theGames into "another Munich", referring to the

1972 Olympic attacks in which 11 Israeli teammembers were taken hostage and killed byPalestinian gunmen.


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* Kenya's David Rudisha pulls out citing fatigueafter breaking the 800 metres world record twicein August.

* Games ambassador and world badmintonnumber three Saina Nehwal, India's most high-profile female athlete, criticises the preparationfor the Games.

"Looking at the stadiums and looking at the

progress, I don't really think we are capable ofholding such big tournaments," she said.

"I have seen many games like CommonwealthGames in Melbourne and the Olympic Games inChina. Compared to that, it's not up to the mark.I'm sure before October 3, it will be ready andpeople will like it but in comparison to thoseGames, things are not up to the mark."

She backtracks on her comments hours later,however.

"I want to take back my statement," she said. "Iam very, very sorry about it. Being a brandambassador, it's not good to say such things."

* Security fears are highlighted just 13 days beforethe Games begin following the shooting of two

foreign visitors by suspected militants near India's


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main mosque in Old Delhi. A car also explodes atthe same place.

* A day after the shooting, a footbridge beingbuilt just outside the main stadium collapses,highlighting India's lax construction standards.Twenty seven people are injured.

* Concerns over security and health force discusworld champion Dani Samuels of Australia to pull

out of the Games.* Commonwealth Games Federation presidentMichael Fennell said the two-week event isseriously compromised by conditions at theGames village that have "shocked the majority."Complaints from team officials ranging fromcleanliness to Internet access at the athletes'village further embarrass organisers.


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The allegations of corruption in thecommonwealth games must have made millions ofIndians who work honestly and look for a

resurgent India to feel extremely frustrated andsad .

The allegations of corruption in thecommonwealth games have received so much ofinternational publicity that it would take several

years for India to regain the reputation as acountry with reasonable ethical and moralstandards. The glory that the country gained dueto Gandhian philosophy of truth have now beenwiped out.


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The cause of industrial and economicdevelopment of the country will suffer heavily inthe coming years , as the quality investors fromabroad will think that nothing can be done inIndia without adopting corrupt methods andwould be apprehensive about dealing with Indians.Thousands of Indians working abroad in variouscountries will feel small and humiliated , as theymay be looked down upon as a citizen of corruptcountry.

It is true that incidents of corruption existeven in developed countries like Japan and UnitedKingdom. But, it has not gone to such depth and

happened in such activities of organizinginternational events which any country would dowith great sense of pride and patriotic urge.

One wonders as to why these politicians andbureaucrats go to such deplorable level of

compromising with standards even in organizingsuch international events. Are they so heartlessand dishonest that

nothing matters to them but only wealth andmoney accumulation for themselves irrespective of

the means adopted ?


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Obviously, India today is suffering from crisisof leadership and it has become possible foranyone without any sense of commitment to thenational cause to seize power and hold on to thepower making the top administration a den ofcorruption.

In such circumstances, does this country haveany future at all in spite of the fact that thecountry has been blessed in the past withtowering personalities of great eminence likeMahatma Gandhi , Swami Vivekananda,Subramania Bharathy and others ?

The honourable Prime Minister of India who

is the Chief Executive of this country is ultimatelyresponsible for everything happening. He has theduty to do something with great sense of urgency,to arrest this trend of decay, atleast for the sakeof the future generations of India.


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Documents

Corruption of Common Wealth Game Final