Cospus Linguistics and Pragmatics

8/2/2019 Cospus Linguistics and Pragmatics

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Pragmatics explore questions such as:

How do people communicate more thanwhat the words or phrases of theirutterances might mean by themselves,and how do people make these

interpretations? Why do peolpe choose to say and/or

interpret something in one way ratherthan in another?

How do peoples perceptions ofcontextual factors influence the processof producing and interpreting language?


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Pragmatic meaning

Pragmatics is concerned with the study

of the meaning that linguisticsexpressions receive in use. So one task ofpragmatics is to explain how participantsin a dialogue grasp the meaning bycontext.


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Assigning reference in context

The process of assignning reference

involves the interpretation of deiticexpressions. These are linguistic termsthat point to contextually salien referentswithout naming them explicitly.


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Assigning sense inc ontext

Sometimes the process of identifying

pragmatic meaning involves interpretingambiguos and vague linguisticexpressions in order to assign them sensein context.


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Inferring illocutionary force

People do not simply make statements

that can be judged as true or falserather, they use language to performactions that have an impact in someway on the world.


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Working out implicated meaning

The main import of an utterance may, in

fact, easily lie not with thought expressedby the utterance but rather with thethoughts that the hearer assumes thespeaker intends to suggest or hint at.


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The cooperative principal

Truthfullness Informativeness

Relevance

Style


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Implication for language teaching anduse

When designing language teachingmaterials and language learningactivities, it is vital to clearly identify

relevant contextual information such asthe following:

The roles

The number of people present The setting

Event and goals


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Corpus linguistics uses large collection ofboth spoken an written natural texts that

are stored on computers. By using avariety of computers-based tools, corpuslinguistics can explore different questionsabout language use.


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There are typically four features that areseen as characteristics of corpus-based

analyses of language: It is empirical , analysin the actual

patterns in antural texts.

It utilizes a large and principal collection

of natural texts known as a cospus as thebasis for analysis.

It makes a extensive use of computers foranalysis, using both automatic andinteractive techniques.

It depends on both quantitative andqualitative analytical techniques.


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There are a number of existing corporathat are valuable resources for

investigating some types of languagequestions. Some of the more well-knownavailable corpora include the BritishNational Corpus, the Brown corpus, etc.f


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Types of corpora

It could be said that there are as manytypes of corpora as there are researchtopics in linguistics. Commonly, there are

two kinds of corpora, the first one is thegeneral corpora and the second one iknown as specialized corpora.


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How can corpora inform Language

Teaching?

The avaiability of tools exploring corporais a considerable benefit to thelanguage classroom. Corpus basedstudies is a considerable benefit to thelanguage classroom.


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Corpus-based studies of particulaslanguage features asn comprenhensive

works such as The Longman Grammar ofSpoken and Written English will also servelanguage teachers well by providing abasis for decidin which language

features and structure are important andalso how various features and structuresare used.


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Bringing corpora into the languageclassroom

Teachers can shape instructions basedon corpus-based information. They canconsult corpus studies to gaininformation about the features that they

are teaching. Cospus information can be brought into

the language classroom is havinglearners interact with corpora.

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Cospus Linguistics and Pragmatics