Counselling Theory and Practice in South Africa (2011)

7/31/2019 Counselling Theory and Practice in South Africa (2011)

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/counselling-theory-and-practice-in-south-africa-2011 1/316

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== ?

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2 55

?- @bbrihgx`xgjm

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== 8

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bjymieegmd bjmxi|x% bjmjrf xj fgmgfyf x`mh`rh mh cmjt tlim xj riir begimx-




9 55

Ei`rmgmd `yfih xj oi gm ~e`bi `mh ribjdmgxgjm ja ~rgjr ei`rmgmd

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gmd hibggjm mh f`cgmd yi j iibxgqi% mjm&xlri`ximgmd% i|~ejrgmd cgee-




== 1

R~ibgb jyxbjfi `mh ìfimx brgxirg

R~ibgb jyxbjfi 0

I|~e`gm xli ymbxgjm `mh bj~i j ~r`bxgbi j ` bjymieejr-

@ifimx brgxirg`

@ifimx Brgxirgjm 0

Xli bjmbi~x j bjymieegmd g i|~e`gmih tgxl i|`f~ei jr hgirimx gxy`xgjm-

@ifimx Brgxirgjm ?

Xli pyègxgi `mh cgee j ` bjymieejr `ri i|~e gmih tgxl riirimbi xj ~irjmè pyègxgi% cgee

`mh ojymh`rgi gm ` ieibxih bjmxi|x-

@ifimx Brgxirgjm _`mdi

Pyègxgi gmbeyhi oyx `ri mjx egfgxih xj if~`xlw% riegògegxw% gmxidrgxw% ymogìh iiegmd% mjm&

kyhdifimxè `mh ~rjigjmè x`mbi-

Rcgee gmbeyhi oyx `ri mjx egfgxih xj djjh bjffymgb`xgjm mh gmxir~irjmè cgee-

@ifimx Brgxirgjm 2

Xli `gf% ymbxgjm `mh ieifimx j bjymieegmd `ri i|~e`gmih tgxl riirimbi xj ` ieibxih

bjmxi|x-


Ieifimx gmbeyhi oyx `ri mjx egfgxih xj ymhirx`mhgmd j ` ~ibgb `~~rj`bl% hii~imgmd

ymhirx`mhgmd j ie `mh jxlir% ògegxw xj dgqi gmgdlxye dygh`mbi `mh y~~jrx% ri~ibx `mh

`bbi~x`mbi-

@ifimx Brgxirgjm 8

Hgirimx `~~rj`bli jr xlijrgi `ri i|~e`gmih tgxl riirimbi xj ieibxih bjymieegmd fjh&

ie-


Fjhie gmbeyhi oyx `ri mjx egfgxih xj _jdir&~irjm bimxrih% Id`m&cgeeih lie~ir% Bjdmgxgqi%

Oil`qgjyrè% Bjdmgxgqi Oil`qgjyrè mh Gmxir~irjmè-




4 55

@ifimx Brgxirgjm 9

Xli eidè `mh ixlgbè ripygrifimx `mh egfgx jm bj~i j ~r`bxgbi jm bjymieejr `ri i|&

~e`gmih tgxl riirimbi xj ieibxih begimx-


Ixlgbè `mh eidè ripygrifimx gmbeyhi oyx `ri mjx egfgxih xj ri~jmgogegxw xj xli begimx% qè&

yi% ri~jmgogegxw% bjmxr`bx% ojymh`rgi% bjmhimxgègxw% bbjymxògegxw mh y~irqggjm-

R~ibgb Jyxbjfi ?

Rix y~ m imòegmd bjymieegmd imqgrjmfimx-

@ifimx Brgxirg`

@ifimx Brgxirgjm 0

Xli bl`r`bxirgxgb j `m imòegmd imqgrjmfimx `ri hibrgoih tgxl riirimbi xj bjymieegmd

ixxgmd-


Bl`r`bxirgxgb j `m imòegmd imqgrjmfimx gmbeyhi oyx `ri mjx egfgxih xj ~lwgbè e`wjyx j

xli rjjf% ~e`bgmd j xli xòei% bl`gr mh egdlxgmd% ìxw% ~rgq`bw% mh bjmhimxgègxw j rrgqè%

igjm mh i|gx% y~~jrxgqi% ~rgq`xi `mh ribi~xgqi begf`xi tgxljyx hgxr`bxgjm-

@ifimx Brgxirgjm ?

@m imòegmd imqgrjmfimx g bri`xih jr ~ibgb bjymieegmd igjm-

R~ibgb Jyxbjfi 2I|~e`gm xli ~rgmbg~ei mh ~rjbii j bjymieegmd-

@ifimx Brgxirg`

@ifimx Brgxirgjm 0

Dimirèew bbi~xih ~rgmbg~ei j bjymieegmd ri i|~e`gmih tgxl riirimbi xj xligr ~~egb`xgjm

gm hgirimx bjmxi|x-




== <


Dimirèew bbi~xih ~rgmbg~ei gmbeyhi oyx ri mjx egfgxih xj mjm&kyhdifimxè xxgxyhi% bjm&

himxgègxw% bjmxrjeeih ifjxgjmè gmqjeqifimx% ie hixirfgm`xgjm `mh begimx gmqjeqifimx-

@ifimx Brgxirgjm ?

@ bjymieegmd ~rjbi g i|~e`gmih tgxl riirimbi xj ~e`mmgmd `mh ~ri~`r`xgjm% ghimxgwgmd

`mh ~rgjrgxggmd miih% f`m`difimx% gmgxg`xgjm% bjmxr`bxgmd% xirfgm`xgmd% `mh rie`xgmd xj beg&

imx-

@ifimx Brgxirgjm 2

Xiblmgpyi `mh cgee ripygrih jr bjymieegmd `ri i|~e`gmih tgxl riirimbi xj tlim i`bl g

`~~rj~rg`xi-

R~ibgb Jyxbjfi 8

I|~e`gm xli rjei j qèyi mh xxgxyhi gm oil`qgjyr mh bjymieegmd-

@ifimx Brgxirg`

@ifimx Brgxirgjm 0

Xli rie xgjmlg~ oixtiim jtm qèyi mh `xxgxyhi `mh oil`qgjyr g i|~ejrih tgxl riirimbi

xj xli gf~egb`xgjm jr xli bjymieegmd-


@xxgxyhi `mh qèyi gmbeyhi oyx `ri mjx egfgxih xj `xxgxyhi xj dimhir% i|yè jrgimx`xgjm%

`di% byexyri% `gxl&oìh oiegi mh jbgè be`-

@ifimx Brgxirgjm ?

Xli gf~jrx`mbi j `m `xxgxyhi j ri~ibx jr hgqirgxw j qèyi g i|~e`gmih tgxl riirimbi xj

xli bjymieegmd ~rjbi-




7 55

R~ibgb Jyxbjfi 9

@~~ew ` bjymieegmd ~rjbi gm ` ~ibgb bjmxi|x-

@ifimx Brgxirg`

@ifimx Brgxirgjm 0

@ bjymieegmd ~rjbi g hifjmxr`xih xj bjymie m gmhgqghyè gm m `yxlimxgb gxy`xgjm ygmd

`~~rj~rg`xi cgee mh xiblmgpyi-


Xli bjymieegmd ~rjbi gmbeyhi oyx g mjx egfgxih xj gmgxg`xgmd ,oygehgmd rie`xgjmlg~% be`rgw&

gmd xli m`xyri j xli rie`xgjmlg~ mh ixòeglgmd r`~~jrx'% midjxg`xgmd bjymieegmd bjmxr`bx

,ixxgmd ojymh`rgi% fyxyè i|~ibx`xgjm% djè `mh bjmhimxgègxw'% `bgegx`xgmd*f`m`dgmd

,xirfgm`xgjm j rie`xgjmlg~% xiblmgpyi% xgfir`fi% riirrè% f`m`dgmd jtm ifjxgjm% `mh

ymhirx`mhgmd xli iibx j xli bjymieejr jm xli begimx `mh xli begimx jm xli bjymieejr-

@ifimx Brgxirgjm ?

@m ixlgbè bjhi j bjmhybx g `~~egih gm xli bjymieegmd ~rjbi-

@ifimx Brgxirgjm 2

_i~ibx jr hgqirgxw j qèyi g hifjmxr`xih `x q`rgjy x`di j xli bjymieegmd `mh ~rjo&

eif jeqgmd ~rjbi-

R~ibgb Jyxbjfi 1

_iibx jm xli bjymieegmd ~rjbi-

@ifimx Brgxirg`

@ifimx Brgxirgjm 0

Xli xrimdxl `mh egfgx`xgjm j xli bjymieegmd ~rjbi `ri ghimxgih `mh fjxgq`xih oìh

jm ~irjmè riibxgjm-

@ifimx Brgxirgjm ?

Ciw eijm ri ghimxgih mh bl`mdi jr yxyri bjymieegmd igjm ri hgbyih ~`rx j

jmdjgmd ~rjigjmè hiqiej~fimx-




== 0>

@ifimx Brgxirgjm 2

îrjmè mh jrd`mg`xgjmè xr`xidgi xj rihybi xli rgc j oyrmjyx mh ibjmh`rw xr`yf` ri

i|~ejrih tgxl riirimbi xj jtm egi `mh ~irjm-


Rxr`xidgi gmbeyhi oyx ri mjx egfgxih xj ` wxif j bjymieegmd jr bjymieejr% ~irjmè tiee&

mi% xiblmgbè ~rjbgimbw% y~irqggjm mh ifjxgjmè y~~jrx-

@ifimx Brgxirgjm 8 Xli bjmbi~x j y~irqggjm g i|~e`gmih `mh `m gmhgb`xgjm g dgqim j xli oimix j y~irqg&

gjm jr xli bjymieejr-

Ymgx Rx`mh`rh @bbrihgx`xgjm `mh Fjhir`xgjm J~xgjm

@mwjmi ìgmd ` b`mhgh`xi `d`gmx xlg Ymgx Rx`mh`rh fyx oi ridgxirih ` `m ìjr

tgxl xli rieiq`mx IXP@ jr IXP@ tliri ` Fifjr`mhyf j Ymhirx`mhgmd ,FJY' i|gx tgxl

xli rieiq`mx IXP@-

@mw gmxgxyxgjm jirgmd ei`rmgmd xl`x tgee imòei `blgiqifimx j xlg Ymgx Rx`mh`rh fyx oi

`bbrihgxih ~rjqghir xlrjydl xli rieiq`mx IXP@ jr IXP@ tliri Fifjr`mhyf j Ymhir&

x`mhgmd ,FJY' i|gx tgxl xli rieiq`mx IXP@-

Fjhir`xgjm j ìfimx tgee oi jqiriim ow xli rieiq`mx IXP@ `bbjrhgmd xj xli fjhir`&

xgjm dyghiegmi `mh xli `driih IXP@ ~rjbihyri-

Ymgx Rx`mh`rh Iimxgè Ifoihhih Cmjteihdi

M*@

Ymgx Rx`mh`rh Hiqiej~fimxè Jyxbjfi

M*@

Ymgx Rx`mh`rh Egmc`di

M*@




00 55

Brgxgbè Brj&ieh Jyxbjfi ,BBAJ';

Ymgx Rx`mh`rh BBAJ Ghimxgawgmd

Xli ei`rmir g òei xj ghimxgw `mh jeqi ~rjoeif gm tlgbl ri~jmi ljt xl`x ri~jmgoei

hibggjm ygmd brgxgbè mh bri`xgqi xlgmcgmd l`qi oiim f`hi gm bjymieegmd` begimx jeejtgmd

` dimirèew bbi~xih bjymieegmd ~rjbi-

Ymgx Rx`mh`rh BBAJ Tjrcgmd

Xli ei`rmir g oei xj tjrc iibxgqiew tgxl jxlir ` ` fifoir j ` xi`f% drjy~% jrd`mg`xgjm

jr bjffymgxw gm xl`x bjymieegmd gmqjeqi tjrcgmd tgxl `x ei`x jmi jxlir ~irjm `mh ei`rm&

ir x Eiqie 8 bjymie ymhir y~irqggjm gm ` xrybxyrih imqgrjmfimx-

Ymgx Rx`mh`rh BBAJ Jrd`mggmd

Xli ei`rmir g òei xj jrd`mgi `mh f`m`di lgf*lirie `mh lg*lir `bxgqgxgi ri~jmgoew `mh

iibxgqiew gm ~e`mmgmd mh ~ri~`rgmd jr bjymieegmd igjm mh ribjrhgmd mh ri~jrxgmd jm

xli jyxbjfi-

Ymgx Rx`mh`rh BBAJ Bjeeibxgmd

Xli ei`rmir g òei xj bjeeibx% jrd`mgi `mh brgxgbèew iqèy`xi gmjrf`xgjm gm `bgegx`xgmd xli

bjymieegmd ~rjbi mh gm gmqixgd`xgmd xlijrgi j bjymieegmd-

Ymgx Rx`mh`rh BBAJ Bjffymgb`xgmd

Xli ei`rmir g òei xj bjffymgb`xi iibxgqiew gm gmxir`bxgmd tgxl begimx `mh y~irqgjr-

Ymgx Rx`mh`rh BBAJ Bjmxrgoyxgmd

Xli ei`rmir g òei xj riibx jm `mh i|~ejri ` q`rgixw j xr`xidgi xj ei`rm fjri iibxgqiew gm

riibxgmd jm xli jyxbjfi j bjymieegmd igjm i|~ejrgmd xr`xidgi xj rihybi oyrmjyx

`mh ibjmh`rw xr`yf`-

Xli ei`rmir g òei xj oi byexyrèew `mh ixlixgbèew imgxgqi `brj ` r`mdi j jbgè bjmxi|x

gm ymhirx`mhgmd xli gf~jrx`mbi j ri~ibx jr hgqiri qèyi `mh `bbjffjh`xgmd hgir&

imbi gm bjymieegmd igjm-




== 0?

2- Dyghiegmi ajr a`bgegx`xgjm

Rieibxgmd bjyri a`bgegx`xjr

Xli `bgegx`xjr ljyeh l`qi i|ximgqi i|~irgimbi gm begmgbè ~wbljejdw% ~rjigjmè bjymie&

egmd% jbgè tjrc jr ~wbljxlir`~w% mh djjh ymhirx`mhgmd j lyf`m ~wbljejdw- A`bgegx`&

xjr ljyeh ej l`qi i|~irgimbi j tjrcgmd tgxl ~ij~ei rjf hgirimx byexyrè mh b`hifgb

ihyb`xgjmè o`bcdrjymh gm drjy~ ixxgmd-

E`mdy`di

Tlim ~`rxgbg~`mx `mh `bgegx`xjr hj mjx l`ri ` bjffjm e`mdy`di% xli ~`rxgbg~`mx fyx

l`qi `x ei`x ` ri`jmòew djjh ymhirx`mhgmd j xli `bgegx`xjr‗ e`mdy`di `mh tgee miih xj

oi ybgimxew yimx xj rjei&~e`w gm xl`x e`mdy`di gm rjmx j xli drjy~- Ljtiqir% xli xrg`h

rjei&~e`w b`m% `mh ljyeh% x`ci ~e`bi gm xli ~`rxgbg~`mx‗ ljfi e`mdy`di `mh xli e`mdy`di

gm tlgbl xliw tgee hj bjymieegmd- A`bgegx`xjr ljyeh oi imgxgqi xj ~`rxgbg~`mx‗ mjm&qiroè

oil`qgjyr hyrgmd xlii rjei&~e`w `mh ljyeh `c jr be`rgb`xgjm tlim miihih% xj `bgegx`xi

xlii rjei&~e`w iibxgqiew- Gx b`m èj lie~ xj l`qi `m `gx`mx xr`gmir tlj b`m xr`me`xi hyr&

gmd rjei&~e`w-

Drjy~ g{i

Xli drjy~ g{i jr xli bjymieegmd xr`gmgmd ljyeh mjx i|biih 09 ~`rxgbg~`mx- @m ghiè myf&

oir g oixtiim 0? mh 09- Xli fèeir xli drjy~% xli fjri pyègxw xgfi mh j~~jrxymgxgi ri

`jrhih jr ~`rxgbg~`mx xj ~r`bxgi xligr cgee- @ myfoir j drjy~ bxgqgxgi ripygri ~egxxgmd

xli ~`rxgbg~`mx gmxj drjy~ j xlrii% gx g yddixih xl`x xli xjxè myfoir j bjyri ~`rxgbg&

~`mx g hgqggoei ow xlrii-

_jei `mh aymbxgjm ja ` a`bgegx`xjr

@ `bgegx`xjr ljyeh l`qi i|~irxgi gm xligr `ri` j xr`gmgmd% `mh xligr f`gm ymbxgjm g xj ~ri&

imx ghi`% l`ri gmjrf`xgjm% hiqiej~ cmjteihdi mh ~rjqghi xlijrw mh cgee xj mit ~`rxgbg&

~`mx- Iimxgèew% ` `bgegx`xjr g ri~jmgoei jr jrd`mggmd% f`m`dgmd `mh ~riimxgmd ` tjrc&

lj~ j xl`x xli djè j xli tjrclj~ `ri fix-

Xliri `ri xtj xw~i j rjei xl`x iibxgqi `bgegx`xjr ~e`w% m`fiew bjmximx rjei `mh ~rjbi

rjei- Tlim `bgegx`xjr ri ~rjqghgmd gmjrf`xgjm `mh hiqiej~gmd cgee% xliw `ri yeeegmd ` bjm&

ximx rjei- Tlim xliw imbjyr`di ~`rxgbg~`mx ie&riibxgjm% gmxir`bxgjm `mh l`rgmd j xljydlx%

iiegmd `mh i|~irgimbi% xliw `ri yeeegmd ` ~rjbi rjei- Xlg gmbeyhi tjrcgmd tgxl drjy~hwm`fgb-




02 55

Xr`gmgmd `bxgqgxgi




== 08

Rjfi ~`rxgbg~`mx f`w iie gmxgfgh`xih ow rjei&~e`wgmd- Xli `bgegx`xjr ljyeh imyri xl`x xliw

`ri rie`|ih `mh ljyeh cii~ xli rjei&~e`w `~~rj~rg`xi xj xli ei`rmgmd bjmxi|x ow if~l`g&

gmd xl`x xli bl`r`bxir `ri ―gm rjei‖ `mh xl`x drjy~ joirqir `ri ejjcgmd `x xli bl`r`bxir

`mh xligr ri`bxgjm% `mh mjx `x xli gmhgqghyè ~ij~ei ~e`wgmd xlif- @x xgfi% gx f`w iqim oi

lie~ye xj imbjyr`di ~`rxgbg~`mx xj bljji rjei&~e`w m`fi- Hiorgimd `mh hgbygjm `xir

rjei&~e`wgmd g iimxgè-

A`bgegx`xjr ljyeh `c xli ~`rxgbg~`mx xj l`ri xligr rjei&~e`w i|~irgimbi `mh dyghi xli hg&

bygjm xj xli jeejtgmd pyixgjm;

Tl`x f`hi begimx iie bjfjrxòei: Xl`x g% tl`x gf~`bx hgh xli bjymieejr‗ tjrhØ

`mh `bxgjm l`qi jm xli begimx:

Tl`x bjymieegmd cgee tiri ~`rxgbye`rew gf~jrx`mx jr xli bjymieejr xj yi:Ø

Gx g èj gf~jrx`mx xj rifgmh xli ~`rxgbg~`mx xl`x xliw `ri gm xli ~rjbi j ei`rmgmd- Tlgex

xliw f`w iie jqirtliefih `x xli oidgmmgmd% i`bl xgfi xliw yi xli cmjteihdi `mh cgee

xliw ri bpygrgmd% xliw tgee oibjfi fjri bjmhimx mh tgee gf~rjqi xligr ogegxgi-

Tlgei i`bl Fjhyei l` rjei&~e`w tlgbl bjqir ~ibgb cgee% gx g `hqgòei xj èejt ~`rxgbg&

~`mx xj yi ~riqgjy cgee tlgbl l`qi oiim bjqirih j xl`x xli cgee ri ei`rmih gm ` e`wirih

t`w% oygehgmd jm i`bl jxlir- Xlg eejt ~`rxgbg~`mx xj gmxidr`xi cgee `mh jr xli `bgegx`xjr xj

ì ljt xli ~`rxgbg~`mx g f`m`dgmd xli gmxidr`xgjm ~rjbi-




09 55

Imyri xl`x xli xr`gmgmd f`xirgè ri beji x l`mh jr i`w riirimbi-Ø

@ee ~`rxgbg~`mx fyx oi ~riimx jr xli imxgri Fjhyei*bjyri- Gm xli iqimx j Ø

`m ifirdimbw tlgbl riyex gm ` ~`rxgbg~`mx fggmd ~`rx j xli Fjhyei*bjyri%

xli `bgegx`xjr ljyeh midjxg`xi tgxl xli ~`rxgbg~`mx xj bjf~eixi xli fgih

idfimx `x ` yxyri xgfi jr jr ljfitjrc- Mjxi xl`x xlg g brgxgbè xj imyrgmd

pyègxw j bjymieegmd-

G ` ~`rxgbg~`mx fgi `mw idfimx% xli `bgegx`xjr ljyeh orgi xli ~`rxgbg~`mxØ

tlim xliw rixyrm òjyx xli fgih idfimx- Xlg tgee imyri xl`x xliw hj mjx

hg`hq`mx`di xligr rjei&~e`wgmd ~`rxmir tlim xliw hj rjei&~e`w jr jxlir `bxgqg&

xgi-

Imyri xr`gmgmd igjm bjffimbi jm xgfi- _ipyix xl`x èe ~`rxgbg~`mx `rrgqiØ

jm xgfi- Xliri g fybl tjrc xj oi bjqirih i`bl h`w% `mh gx b`m oi qirw hg&

ry~xgqi xj l`qi ~`rxgbg~`mx `rrgqi `x xr`gmgmd igjm jmbi xli igjm l`qi

èri`hw oidym-

Xli xr`gmgmd drjy~ `mh `bgegx`xjr fyx ri~ibx ` ~`rxgbg~`mx‗ hibggjm xj ~`Ø

jm ` ~ibgb pyixgjm jr `bxgqgxw-

Imbjyr`di ~`rxgbg~`mx xj ri~ibx gmhgqghyè hgirimbi- `rxgbg~`mx ripyimxewØ

l`qi hgirimx byexyrè o`bcdrjymh% oiegi% ~irjmè i|~irgimbi mh i|~irxgi-

Bri`xi `m imqgrjmfimx gm tlgbl i`bl ~`rxgbg~`mx iie bjfjrxòei `cgmd pyi&

xgjm-

A`bgegx`xjr ljyeh xrgqi jr hgbygjm mh `bxgqgxw gm xli igjm% r`xlir xl`mØ

―eibxyri&xwei‖ ~riimx`xgjm-

F`mw j xli xr`gmgmd `bxgqgxgi gm xlg bjyri ripygri fèe&drjy~ tjrc gm ~`grØ

`mh xrg`h- Jxim ~`rxgbg~`mx bljji xj tjrc tgxl xli `fi ~ij~ei- A`bgegx`xjr

f`w bjmghir jbb`gjmèew eejb`xgmd ~`rxgbg~`mx gmxj drjy~ ,xlrjydl myfoir&

gmd j% ixb-' j xl`x xliw tjrc `mh ei`rm tgxl mit ~ij~ei-

Xli xr`gmgmd g xrgbx tgxl rid`rh xj xgfi ‒ xliri g ` ejx xj ei`rm gm ` ljrx `fjymxØ

j xgfi- Tlim hjgmd drjy~ `bxgqgxgi% `bgegx`xjr ljyeh bèe ―xgfi‖ `mh xiee ~`rxgbg&

~`mx tlim xj t`~ rjei% bl`mdi `bxgqgxgi% ixb-

Ciw bjmghir`xgjm ajr imyrgmd ybbiaye xr`gmgmd




== 01

Hj `mh hjm‗x ja ` a`bgegx`xjr

@h`~xih rjf Bl`foir ,?>>?'

Hj

_ie`|

Oi bei`r

Gf~rjqgi

Oi ljmix

Oi imgxgqi

Oi wjyrie

Oi ~ri~`rih

Oi imirdixgb

Oi ~jgxgqi

Rljt ri~ibx

Oi ` rjei fjhie

Ixòegl r`~~jrx

Ry~~jrx `mh l`ri

L`qi ym% kjci% imkjw

If~jtir `mh y~~jrx

T`xbl% egxim% mh ei`rm

@o`mhjm ~ribjmbi~xgjm

Oi ie&`t`ri `mh ie&brgxgbè

Oi bjmhimx xl`x xliw b`m hj gx

Oi j~xgfèew ~ri~`rih mh i|goei

Ifor`bi irrjr `mh ei`rm rjf fgx`ci

Yi wjyr jtm oix kyhdifimx `x èe xgfi

G m`mbi g `q`geòei gx g yiye xj jir ~`rxgbg~`mx egdlx ririlfimx `mhØ

m`bc hyrgmd xi` ori`c-

R`f~ei blibcegx j ripygrifimx mh f`xirgè;Ø

E`rdi% tiee&qimxge`xih% pygix rjjf gm tlgbl ojyx 09 bl`gr b`m oi ~e`bihu

gm ` ifg&bgrbei- Xliri ljyeh èj oi ybgimx ~`bi jr òjyx 9 drjy~ j

2 ~ij~ei xj gx i~`r`xih rjf i`bl jxlir `mh xj bjmhybx rjei&~e`w gm `

rie`xgqiew ymhgxyroih f`mmir-

@hipy`xi% bjfjrxòei i`xgmdu

Bjyri ~rjdr`ffiu

Rybgimx ~`rxgbg~`mx f`myè `mh ~imu

Aeg~&bl`rx ~`~ir `mh x`mhu

F`rciru

^rixgc u

Bj~gi j `bxgqgxw liix xj l`mh jyx xj i`bl ~`rxgbg~`mx ‒ xlii ljyeh oiu

gm xli ~`rxgbg~`mx‗ f`myè-




04 55

Hjm‗x_yl

Eibxyri

Brgxgbgi

Gmxirry~x

Hjfgm`xi

Ròjx`di

X`ci wjyrie xjj irgjyew

_ii`rbl l` ljtm xl`x ~ij~ei rififoir;

?>) j tl`x xliw li`r

8>) j tl`x xliw li`r `mh ii

<>) j tl`x xliw hgbjqir xlifieqi-

Djjh `bgegx`xjr `ri djjh joirqir% tlj t`xbl xli imirdw eiqie j xli drjy~ `mh x`ci

ori`c tlim miihih- A`bgegx`xjr ljyeh ~jgxgjm xlifieqi tliri xliw b`m oi iim ow iq&

irwojhw% `mh `hkyx xligr qjgbi j xl`x xliw b`m oi li`rh- Djjh bjymieegmd bjyri `bgegx`&

xjr ljyeh èj èt`w rjei&fjhie iibxgqi bjffymgb`xgjm cgee xlrjydljyx xli hyr`xgjm j

xli bjyri-

_ififoir; imxlyg`f mh ~`gjm `ri bjmx`dgjy mh imirdggmd!




== 0<

8- Rieibxgjm `mh iqèy`xgjm ja ~`rxgbg~`mx

Rieibxgmd bjyri ~`rxgbg~`mx

^`rxgbg~`mx f`w bjfi rjf mw hgbg~egmi% exljydl xlji tgxl jfi o`bcdrjymh gm ~wblje&

jdw jr rie`xih yokibx `ri jxim `x `m `hq`mx`di- Xliw f`w oi tjrcgmd jr djqirmfimx jr

mjm&djqirmfimxè jrd`mg`xgjm ,MDJ' `mh oi gm `mw rieiq`mx ibxjr ybl ` lièxl% jbgè

tie`ri% wjyxl% ihyb`xgjm% riegdgjm `mh brgfgmè kyxgbi- Xli ~`rxgbg~`mx ljyeh oi `x ei`x 0<

wi`r jeh% g xli drjy~ gmbeyhi `hyex- Xli tjrclj~ g mjx ` yoxgxyxi jr ~irjmè xlir`~w%

`mh xly ~`rxgbg~`mx tlj `ri gm miih j gmhgqghyè xlir`~iyxgb gmxirqimxgjm ljyeh oi i|&

beyhih rjf xr`gmgmd mh imbjyr`dih xj rixyrm jr yxyri xr`gmgmd-

Fixljh ja ieibxgjm `mh iqèy`xgjm

G xlg bjyri g oigmd rym gm gx imxgrixw xj xr`gm e`w ~irjm ojyx xli o`gb j bjymieegmd% mh

xli gmximxgjm g xj iqèy`xi xlif jm xligr ygxògegxw x xli imh j xli xr`gmgmd% xlim jfi jrf

j ~ri&bjyri ieibxgjm g `~~rj~rg`xi- Xlg ieibxgjm ljyeh gmqjeqi `m gmxirqgit ,ii ^ri&

bjyri ieibxgjm xjje oiejt' mh ~jgoew jfi cgmh j pyixgjmm`gri jr i`w- Gm pyixgjm&

m`gri wjy b`m c xli ~irjm jfi o`gb pyixgjm mh xlim jeejt xlii y~ gm xli gmxirqgit-

@m i`w ~~egb`xgjm bjyeh gmbeyhi cgmd xli b`mhgh`xi xj trgxi ojyx xligr qgit jm xli rjei

j bjymieegmd gm Rjyxl @rgb`% jr g xliw l`qi l`h jfi bjymieegmd i|~irgimbi% xj hibrgoi `

ybbiye igjm xliw l`h tgxl ` begimx- @d`gm% xli i`w bjmximx ljyeh oi jeejtih y~ gm

xli gmxirqgit- Mjxi xl`x g ~`rxgbye`r Fjhyei g oigmd rym jm gx jtm% xliri f`w mjx oi ` miih

jr jrfè ieibxgjm ~rjbi% oyx xli `bgegx`xjr ljyeh xgee l`qi jfi brgxirg` jr ~`rxgbg~`xgjm

gm ` ~`rxgbye`r Fjhyei ,ii hibrg~xgjm j Fjhyei òjqi ` ` dyghiegmi jr tlj ljyeh oi

jirih ~`rxgbye`r Fjhyei'-

Gm dimirè% Fjhyei 0 b`m oi jirih xj ~ij~ei tlj tgl xj cmjt ojyx bjymieegmd mh f`m&

`di bjymieejr- Fjhyei ? b`m oi jirih xj i|gxgmd bjymieejr ` ` rifgmhir j xli o`gb

cgee- Fjhyei 2 b`m oi jirih xj i|~irgimbih bjymieejr xj hiqiej~ xligr cgee yrxlir-

Hyrgmd xli bjyri*Fjhyei xli ~`rxgbg~`mx f`w oi ìih xlrjydl ~ri& `mh ~jx&Fjhyei

pyixgjmm`gri- Xliri `ri jfi trgxxim x`c jr ~`rxgbg~`mx% `mh xli `bgegx`xjr tgee èj jo&

irqi ~`rxgbg~`mx gm rjei&~e`w ,ygmd blibcegx' `mh f`w cii~ mjxi j xl`x xliw b`m oi

bjmyexih x xli imh j xli bjyri*Fjhyei-

@ee xlii pyixgjmm`gri% x`c% blibcegx mh mjxi b`m oi ci~x gm ~`rxgbg~`mx ~jrxjegj tlgbl

xli `bgegx`xjr tgee bjf~gei `mh cii~- Xli ~yr~ji j xli ~jrxjegj g xj èejt xli `bgegx`xjr xj

l`qi ` l`mhw riirimbi xj bl`rx xli ~rjdri j ` ~`rxgbg~`mx `mh xj riqgit tlim xli mè

ìfimx g hjmi- G `m jrd`mg`xgjm `~~egi xj l`qi xligr qirgjm j xlg bjyri `bbrihgxih%

xlim xlii ~jrxjegj ri ripygrih xj bjf~eixi jrfè ifimx ~rjbii-




07 55

@x xli imh j xli bjyri*Fjhyei xli ~`rxgbg~`mx tgee oi `cih xj yofgx ` trgxxim iqèy`xgjm

j xli bjyri*Fjhyei% j xl`x xli `bgegx`xjr b`m gf~rjqi xli bjyri*Fjhyei-

G xli ~`rxgbg~`mx ri oigmd iqèy`xih xir xli tljei bjyri jr xligr ygxògegxw bjymie&

ejr% i~`r`xi h`w ljyeh oi ix ghi jr xlg- Jm xlg h`w xli b`mhgh`xi tgee bjf~eixi mè

ìfimx- Gmbeyhih ` ~`rx j xli ìfimx bjyeh oi;

Xli mè hibggjm òjyx ygxògegxw ` ` bjymieejr ljyeh hi~imh jm i`bl b`mhgh`xi‗ ~irjr&

f`mbi jm xli imxgri bjyri% `mh mjx kyx jm xli mè rjei&~e`w ìfimx-




== ?>

^ri&bjyri Rieibxgjm ‒ Brgxirg` ajr Rieibxgmd ^`rxgbg~`mx

B`mhgh`xi‗ m`fi;ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ Xiei~ljmi mj-; ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ

Gmhgqghyè gmxirqgit ljyeh oi bjmhybxih tgxl ~rj~ibxgqi b`mhgh`xi- Xli jeejtgmd

pyixgjm b`m oi yih ` ` dyghiegmi xj ieibx ygxòei bjymieegmd ~`rxgbg~`mx-

0- G xliri ~~rj~rg`xi fjxgq`xgjm jr xr`gmgmd:

Tlw hj wjy t`mx xj oibjfi ` bjymieejr:

ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ


+@mtir ljyeh riibx ` tgeegmdmi xj `gx jxlir- B`mhgh`xi tlj t`mx xj imd`di gm xli

bjymieegmd xr`gmgmd ~rgf`rgew xj lie~ jr dr`xgw xlifieqi ljyeh oi bjmghirih tgxl b`yxgjm-

?- Hji xli ~irjm ljt gmgdlx mh ie&`t`rimi:

Ljt tjyeh wjy hibrgoi wjyrie:


Tl`x hj wjy xlgmc wjyr xrimdxl* ti`cmii ` ` bjymieejr fgdlx oi:


Ljt hj wjy xlgmc oigmd ` bjymieejr fgdlx bl`mdi wjy:


+B`mhgh`xi ljyeh hg~e`w jfi eiqie j ie&`t`rimi `mh gmgdlx gm xligr `mtir-

2- G xliri jfi t`rimi j tl`x bjymieegmd g:

Ajr wjy% tl`x g xli f`gm djè j bjymieegmd:



+ @mtir ljyeh riibx bjymieegmd lie~gmd ~rjbi jr ~ij~ei i|~irgimbgmd egi hgbye&

xgi-

A`bgegx`xjr‗f`xirgè




?0 55

8- L` xli ~irjm drjtm rjf egi i|~irgimbi:

Tl`x l` oiim xli fjx blèeimdgmd xlgmd xl`x l` iqir l`~~imih xj wjy:


Ljt hgh wjy hiè tgxl gx:


Tl`x l` oiim xli lgdlegdlx j wjyr egi `mh tlw:


+B`mhgh`xi ljyeh ljt jfi gmgdlx gmxj xli iibx j xligr ~`x jm xli ~riimx-

9- G xli ~irjm gm xjybl tgxl xligr iiegmd:

Tlim t` xli e`x xgfi wjy rièew iex xrjmdew òjyx jfixlgmd:


Tl`x hj wjy hj tlim wjy l`qi xrjmd iiegmd:


Ljt hj wjy hiè tgxl xli xrjmd iiegmd j jxlir:


+ B`mhgh`xi ljyeh oi òei xj ghimxgw `mh ~rjbi iiegmd-

1- L` xli ~irjm l`h ` ribimx oiri`qifimx `mh ljt hji xli ~irjm hiè tgxl ej% gm dimirè:

Xiee y òjyx `mw gf~jrx`mx ej xl`x wjy l`qi ribimxew i|~irgimbih:


+ B`mhgh`xi ljyeh ljt gmgdlx gmxj xli x`di j ej-




== ??

4- Hji xli ~irjm l`qi y~~jrx wxif:

Tlj hj wjy xyrm xj tlim wjy `ri gm miih j lie~:


+ B`mhgh`xi tgxl it y~~jrx wxif ljyeh mjx oi bjmghirih jr xr`gmgmd rgdlx mjt-

<- Hji xli ~irjm l`qi lièxlw jbgè egi:

Tl`x hj wjy hj jr ym:


+ B`mhgh`xi ljyeh oi òei xj i~`r`xi rjf xligr tjrc bjffgxfimx-

7- Hji xli ~irjm ljt bjri bjymieejr pyègxgi egci if~`xlw % t`rfxl `mh j~immi:


+ Joirqi ljt xli b`mhgh`xi gmxir`bx tgxl wjy mh xli jxlir gmxirqgitir- @ri xliw ~~rj`bl&

òei `mh rgimhew:

Oìh jm xli òjqi% g xli b`mhgh`xi ygxòei xj oibjfi ` bjymieejr mjt:

WIR MJ F@WOI

BJFFIMXR;

ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ

ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ

Gmxirqgitir; 0- ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ ?- ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ




?2 55

Agmè ìfimx

Ribxgjm @

L0- jt tjyeh wjy himi bjymieegmd: Dgqi jyr f`gm ~jgmx- ,8'

?-- Tl`x g if~`xlw: Dgqi xtj f`gm ~jgmx- ,?'

2-- Tl`x `ri xli ~irjmè pyègxgi ` bjymieejr ljyeh l`qi: Dgqi g| f`gm ~jgmx ,1'

8-- Tl`x `ri xli xlrii bjri bjymieegmd qèyi `mh ~rgmbg~ei: ,2'

9-- G wjyr begimx g qirw hi~riih% tl`x bjymieegmd gyi hj wjy xlgmc

bjyeh `rgi `mh ljt tgee wjy gmxirqimi: Dgqi xtj f`gm ~jgmx- ,?'

1-- Tl`x `ri jfi j xli blèeimdi tlim bjymieegmd gm Rjyxl @rgb`:

Dgqi xlrii f`gm ~jgmx- ,2'

Xjxè ?> ~jgmx




== ?8

Fyexg~ei bljgbi ,0 ~jgmx ~ir bjrribx `mtir'

Bjymieegmd g ojyx;0-

lie~gmd jfijmi gm xrjyoei`-

bri`xgmd ` ì ~`bi tliri ` begimx b`m i|~ejri lg*lir ~rjoeifo-

dgqgmd djjh hqgbi xj jfijmi i|~irgimbgmd ~rjoeifb-

èe j xli òjqi-h-

?- Xlrii ~rgmbg~ei `mh qèyi xl`x ri fjx gf~jrx`mx gm bjymieegmd ri;

oigmd riè% ri~jmgqi mh ri~ibxye`-

oigmd ibrixgqi% tgi mh f`xyrio-

oigmd irxgqi% ~rjigjmè mh j~imb-

oigmd bjmbirmih% ejwè mh rgimhew-h-

2- If~`xlw fi`m;

xieegmd xli ~irjm wjy ymhirx`mh tl`x xliw ri djgmd xlrjydl`-

brwgmd `mh e`ydlgmd tgxl xli ~irjmo-

~yxxgmd wjyrie gm xli jxlir ~irjm‗ ljib-

xi~~gmd gmxj xli ~irjm‗ tjreh `mh bjffymgb`xgmd xlg ymhirx`mhgmd-h-

8- Ixlgbè gyi xj bjmghir gm bjymieegmd gmqjeqi;

bjmhimxgègxw`-

èejtgmd xli begimx xj riiew i|~ri lg*lir iiegmdo-

oigmd mjm&kyhdifimxèb-

èe j xli òjqi-h-

9- @ bjymieejr fyx f`gmx`gm bjmhimxgègxw;

`x èe xgfi`-

tgxlgm birx`gm egfgxo-

tlim xècgmd xj `mjxlir ~rjigjmèb-

,o' `mh ,b'-h-

Ribxgjm O




?9 55

1- Xlrii riibxgjm ri~jmi gm bjymieegmd ri;

_iibxgjm j iiegmd% bjmximx mh ~`r`~lr`gmd`-

_iibxgjm j iiegmd% bjmximx mh ~rjbio-

_iibxgjm j iiegmd% fi`mgmd mh bjmximxb-

,o' `mh ,b'-h-

4- _iibxgjm j ~rjbi ,èj cmjtm ` gffihg`bw';

G riibxgmd gyi rie`xih xj xli bjymieegmd bjmxi|x mh*jr bjymieejr`-

G riibxgmd iiegmd rie`xih xj xli begimx‗ jyxghi bjmxi|xo-

G riibxgjm j ~`x bjmximxb-

G mjmi j xli òjqi-h-

<- Ryff`rggmd mh ~`r`~lr`gmd ri;

Xli `fi xlgmd`-

Hgirimx oyx bjmmibxih cgee-o-

7- @hq`mbih if~`xlw g i|lgogxih tlim;

@ bjymieejr l`ri lg jr lir jtm i|~irgimbi tgxl ` begimx`-

@ bjymieejr b`m dyi tl`x xli begimx g iiegmd tgxljyx li`rgmd xli beg&o-

imx‗ xjrw

Xli bjymieejr egmc iiegmd `mh bjmximx xj dj oiwjmh yr`bi eiqie ri&b-

ibxgjm j iiegmd

Mjmi j xli òjqi-h-

0>- Rljyeh ` bjymieejr tlj gm‗x xr`gmih gm xr`yf` bjymieegmd ii ` begimx gm brgg:

Mj`-

Wi-o-

00- Xli jeejtgmd pyixgjm `ri gf~jrx`mx xj c gm ìgmd ygbghi rgc;

Hj wjy l`qi ` ~e`m j ljt xj bjffgx ygbghi:`-

L`qi wjy xljydlx òjyx tlim% tliri `mh ljt wjy tgee hj gx:o-

,`' `mh ,o'b-

Mjmi- @ bjymieejr ljyehm‗x dgqi xli begimx ghi` ow `cgmd pyixgjm-h-




== ?1

0?- Xli f`gm djè j brgg f`m`difimx gm bjymieegmd g xj;

Dgqi xli begimx rijyrbi jm ljt xj f`m`di xligr brgg`-

@c jeyxgjm&jbyih pyixgjm xj dyghi xli begimx jyx j xligr brggo-

Egxim xj xli begimx xiee lg jr lir yee xjrwb-

@ee j xli òjqi-h-

02- Riqiri `m|gixw ,tlgbl% ìbx `m gmhgqghyè‗ egi ymbxgjmgmd' b`m `mh ljyeh oi

xri`xih tgxl ~wbljxlir`~w mh*jr `~~rj~rg`xi fihgb`xgjm-

Xryi`-

Aèi-o-

08- @ gdm `mh wf~xjf j hi~rigjm g;

E`bc j imirdw `mh fjxgq`xgjm xj hj mjrfè egi `bxgqgxgi`-

Aiiegmd `h `mh if~xw fjx j xli xgfio-

T`mxgmd xj xèc xj jfijmi òjyx ~rjoeifb-

,`' `mh ,o'-h-

09- Oyrmjyx b`m oi ~riqimxih ow;

I`xgmd ` oè`mbih hgix`-

Djgmd jr ridye`r fimxjrgmd igjmo-

I|irbggmdb-

@ee j xli òjqi-h-

01- Xli hgirimx bj~gmd ri~jmi xj xri `ri dimirèew;

Ymhir&xri mh jqirxri`-

Hgirimx jr hgirimx ~ij~eio-

@bxgqi bjdmgxgqi fixljh% bxgqi oil`qgjyrè fixljh mh `qjgh`mbib-

Mjmi j xli òjqi-h-




?4 55

04- Fimxjrgmd g;

Xli `fi ` ~wbljxlir ~w`-

Xli ~rjbi j y~~jrxgmd `mh oygehgmd bjymieejro-

Oigmd y~irqgihb-

@ee j xli òjqi-h-

0<- Fimxjrgmd gmqjeqi;

@ gmdei bjymieejr hgbygmd gyi tgxl ` fjri cgeeih fimxjr`-

@ drjy~ j bjymieejr xècgmd tgxl i`bl jxliro-

@ drjy~ j bjymieejr fiixgmd xjdixlir ymhir xli dygh`mbi j ` fim&b-

xjr

@ee j xli òjqi-h-

Xjxè 0< ~jgmx




== ?<

Hibrgoi xli x`di `mh cgee j xli Fjhie j Bjymieegmd% gmbeyhgmd xli rjei j 0-

xli begimx `mh bjymieejr `x i`bl x`di- Yi xli `xx`blih hr`tgmd j xli ljyi- ,0?

~jgmx'

@ FJHIE JA BJYMRIEEGMD

Ribxgjm B




?7 55

Agmè ìfimx; fjhie `mtir

Ribxgjm @

Ljt tjyeh wjy himi bjymieegmd:0-

Egximgmd if~`xlgbèewØ

@eejtgmd begimx xj xiee xjrwØ

^rjoeif jeqgmd g `m `~ibx j bjymieegmdØ

@eejtgmd jr drjtxlØ

Bri`xgmd ì ~`bi xj i|~ejri iiegmd% ~rjoeif mhØ jtm j~xgjm

Rxrybxyrih rie`xgjmlg~ tgxl ojymh`rgiØ

^rjbi xj ~rjfjxi gmhi~imhimbi mh gmmir rijyrbiØ

Ipyè mh hgbg~egmih rie`xgjmlg~Ø

Rcgee hiqiej~fimx-Ø

Tl`x g if~`xlw:?-

Aiiegmd tgxl `mh mjx jrØ

^yxxgmd ie gm lji j begimxØ

Imxirgmd begimx‗ r`fi j riirimbiØ

Rxrgqgmd xj ii begimx‗ ~jgmx j qgitØ

@bbyr`xi ymhirx`mhgmd j begimx‗ gyi-Ø

Tl`x ri xli ~irjmè pyègxgi bjymieejr ljyeh l`qi:2-

T`rfxlØ

J~immiØ

LjmixwØ

îj~ei&jrgimxihØ

DimygmimiØ

IxlgbØ

BjmhimxgègxwØ

F`xyrgxwØ

IìØ

Egximgmd ogegxwØ

RxògegxwØ




== 2>

Mjm&kyhdifimxèØ

@bbi~x`mbiØ

XryxtjrxlgmiØ

BjmhimbiØ

_iegògegxwØ

Xjeir`mbiØ

B`rgmdØ

^`xgimbiØ

^ymbxyègxw-Ø

Tl`x ri xli xlrii bjri bjymieegmd qèyi mh ~rgmbg~ei:8-

Oigmd ri~ibxye% oigmd riè% oigmd ri~jmgqiØ

Ymbjmhgxgjmè ~jgxgqi rid`rh% bjmdryimbi*dimygmimi% if~`xlw-Ø

G wjyr begimx g hi~riih mh ymri~jmgqi% ljt tgee wjy gmxirqimi:9-

rx yi mjrfè cgee j if~`xlw `mh i|~ejr`xgjmØ

ì ygbghi rgc Ø

èejt xgfi jr yee hgbygjm ojyx hi~rigjmØ

blèeimdi ymri~jmgqimiØ

hiqiej~ tgxl begimx jfi ~r`bxgbè mxg&hi~rigjm xiblmgpyiØ

riir jr ~wbljxlir`~wØ

yddix hi~rigjm y~~jrx drjy~-Ø

Tl`x `ri jfi j xli blèeimdi tlim bjymieegmd gm Rjyxl @rgb`:1-

r`bi `mh byexyriØ

dimhir gfoè`mbiØ

jbgè gmipyègxgi mh hgirimx bbi xj rijyrbiØ

gf~`bx j ~jjr ihyb`xgjmØ

e`mdy`diØ

y~gbgjm mh fgxryxØ

~jjr lièxl gmr`xrybxyriØ

~jjr ymhirx`mhgmd j xli ~rjbi j bjymieegmd-Ø




20 55

Ribxgjm O

o0-

`?-

h2-

h8-

o `mh b9-

o1-

`4-

o<-

b7-

`0>-

b00-

b0?-

`02-

h08-

h09-

b01-

o04-

h0<-




== 2?

Ribxgjm B

@ FJHIE JA BJYMRIEEGMD

Oìh jm Id`m‗ Lie~gmd Fjhie

Xjxè 9> ~jgmx

^` f`rc g 2> ~jgmx-

LIE^ BEGIMX F@CI @ Ê@M

^rjoeif jeqgmd% jeyxgjm&jbyih

LIE^ BEGIMX I\ÊJ_I J^XGJMRRyff`rggmd% pyixgjmgmd% gffihg`bw

LIE^ BEGIMX XIEE RXJ_W

_iibxgmd iiegmd% if~`xlw% ~`r`~lrì

EGRXIM XJ BEGIMX‗R RXJ_W

Egximgmd% RJEI_ F@^% 2 _‗

OYGEH @ AJYMH@XGJM

Rie&~ri~`r`xgjm% ~ri~`r`xgjm j bjmxi|x `mh bjmxr`bxgmd

_

I

Q G

I

T

G

M

D

BEGIMX‗R

I\XI_M@E

RY^^J_X




22 55

^jx Fjhyei*Bjyri Bjymieegmd _jei&ê`w Iqèy`xgjm Brgxirg`

B`mhgh`xi‗ m`fi;ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ Xiei~ljmi mj-; ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ

Gmhgqghyè o`gb bjymieegmd rjei&~e`w ljyeh oi bjmhybxih tgxl m i|xirmè iqèy`xjr-

HGH XLI ^@_XGBG^@MX;

Rljt bjri bjymieejr pyègxgi% i-d- t`rfxl% dimygmimi mh ~~rj`blògegxw:

^jjr 0 ? 2 8 9 Djjh

@ mjm&kyhdifimxè xxgxyhi:

^jjr 0 ? 2 8 9 Djjh

@m t`rimi j xli bjymieegmd ~rjbi:

^jjr 0 ? 2 8 9 Djjh

HGH XLI ^@_XGBG^@MX;

@~~rj~rg`xiew ix y~ xli gmgxgè driifimx tgxl xli begimx ,bjmxr`bxgmd':

^jjr 0 ? 2 8 9 Djjh

@~~rj~rg`xiew yi xli cgee gm xli Id`m bjymieegmd fjhie ,`xximhgmd% egximgmd% riibxgmd

bjmximx `mh fi`mgmd% riibxgmd ~rjbi% yff`rggmd% pyixgjmgmd% blèeimdgmd% ~rjo&

eif&jeqgmd mh riqgitgmd'-

^jjr 0 ? 2 8 9 Djjh

Imbjyr`di xli begimx xj xiee xligr xjrw-

^jjr 0 ? 2 8 9 Djjh





== 28

Joirqir$ _jei&ê`w Blibcegx

R@P@ YR GH- 0049>9

Joirqi xli bjymieejr gm xli rjei&~e`w `mh f`rc xli `bxjr xl`x wjy joirqih oiejt- @ej%

mjxi x tl`x ~jgmx gm bjymieegmd wjy joirqih * hghm‗x joirqi xli jeejtgmd;

Yi j RJEI_ F@û

Rix y~ gmgxgè driifimx*bjmxr`bxu

If~`xlwu

Dimygmimi * _ièu

_i~ibxu

Bèfu

Mjx gmxirry~xgmd begimxu

@~~rj~rg`xi iwi bjmx`bxu

^`wgmd `xximxgjm xj begimxu

@~~rj~rg`xi `bgè i|~rigjmu

@~~rj~rg`xi ojhw e`mdy`diu

Imbjyr`dgmdu

If~jtirgmdu

Mjm&kyhdifimxèu

Egfgxih ie&hgbejyriu

_iibxgmd iiegmd bbyr`xiewu

_iibxgmd bjmximx * ~`r`~lr`gmdu

@eejtgmd xli begimx xj xiee xligr xjrwu

Ygmd imbjyr`dir% egci mjhhgmd jru

`wgmd “yl&lyl‗

Mjx `cgmd xjj f`mw pyixgjmu

_iqgitgmd * xirfgm`xgmdu





29 55

Joirqir‗ _jei&ê`w Blibcegx

O i l ` q g j y r

O

i l ` q g j y r m j x l j t m ` x ` e e

, b j r i 6 > '

E g f g x i h i q g h i m b i j a

o i l ` q g j y r , b j r i 6 0 '

A y e e i q g h i m b i j a o i l ` q g j y r

, b j r i 6 ? '

B ` m h g h ` x i g m j m q i r o ` e e w ` b b i ~ x g m d

j b e g i m x

B

` m h g h ` x i l j t x l i i o i &

l

` q g j y r ; r j t m % e j j c ` t ` w

r i p y i m x e w

B ` m h g h ` x i l j t 0 j x l i i ?

o i l ` q g j y r

B ` m h g h ` x i l j t m i g x l i r j

x l i i ? o i l ` q g j y r

B e g i m x g q i r o ` e e w ` b b i ~ x g m d j b e g i m x

B

` m h g h ` x i i | ~ r i i h g ` ~ &

~

r j q ` e j r k y h d i f i m x j

b

e g i m x g m t j r h

B ` m h g h ` x i i | ~ r i i m j

h g ` ~ ~ r j q ` e j r k y h d i f i m x j

b e g i m x g m t j r h

B ` m h g h ` x i l j t t ` r f x l ` m h g m x i r &

i x

g m b e g i m x

B

` m h g h ` x i h j i m j x f g e i ` x

b

e g i m x m j r i | ~ r i g m x i r i x

B ` m h g h ` x i i g x l i r f g e i ` x b e g &

i m x j r i | ~ r i i g m x i r i x

B ` m h g h ` x i f g e i ` x b e g i m x

` m h i | ~ r i i g m x i r i x

B ` m h g h ` x i ` c j e y x g j m & j b y i h

p y i x g j m x l ` x ` r i r i e ` x i h x j b e g i m x ‗

g x y

` x g j m

B

` m h g h ` x i ` c m j p y i x g j m

B ` m h g h ` x i ` c p y i x g j m o y x

x l

i w ` r i m j x h g r i b x e w r i e ` x i h x j

b e g i m x ‗ g x y ` x g j m

B ` m h g h ` x i ` c j e y x g j m &

j b y i h p y i x g j m r i e ` x i h x j


B ` m h g h ` x i l i e ~ b e g i m x g h i m x g w ` q ` g e &

` o e i j ~ x g j m

M

j o r ` g m x j r f g m d j ` q ` g e &

`

o e i j ~ x g j m

@ q ` g e ` o e i j ~ x g j m ` r i g h i m x g i h

o y x b ` m h g h ` x i ~ r j q g h i ` e e j

x l

i f

@ x e i ` x x t j ` q ` g e ` o e i j ~ x g j m

` r i g h i m x g i h ` m h b e g i m x ~ r j &

q g h i ` x e i ` x j m i j x l i f

B ` m h g h ` x i l i e ~ b e g i m x g h i m x g w

` h q ` m x ` d i ` m h h g ` h q ` m x ` d i j

i ` b l j ~ x g j m

M

j ` h q ` m x ` d i ` m h h g ` h &

q

` m x ` d i g h i m x g i h

J m e w b ` m h g h ` x i g h i m x g i ` h &

q `

m x ` d i ` m h h g ` h q ` m x ` d i

B e g i m x g h i m x g i ` h q ` m x ` d i

` m h h g ` h q ` m x ` d i j r e i ` x

j m i j ~ x g j m

B ` m h g h ` x i ` g x b e g i m x x j i | ~ e j r i

r i p

y g r i h ` b x g j m j r b l j i m j ~ x g j m , '

M

j i | ~ e j r ` x g j m j r i p y g r i h

`

b x g j m

_ i p y g r i h ` b x g j m ` r i i | ~ e j r i h

o y x ~ j j r e w

_ i p y g r i h ` b x g j m ` r i y e e w

i | ~ e j r i h

B ` m h g h ` x i ` g x b e g i m x x j i | ~ e j r i

r i y e x j b l j i m ` b x g j m , '

M

j i | ~ e j r ` x g j m j r i y e x j

b

l j i m ` b x g j m , '

_ i y e x j b l j i m ` b x g j m , ' ` r i

~ j j r e w i | ~ e j r i h

_ i y e x j b l j i m ` b x g j m , '

` r i y e e w i | ~ e j r i h

B j f ~ i x i m x 6 ` b j r i o i x t i i m 0 > ` m h 0 1

Ø

M j w i x b j f ~ i x i m x 6 b j r i j 0 >

j r o i e j t -

Ø




== 21

O i l ` q g j y r

M j x l j t

m ` x ` e e , b j r i 6 > '

E g f

g x i h i q g h i m b i j a o i l ` q g j y r

, b j

r i 6 0 '


, b j r i 6 ? '

B ` m h g h ` x i d r i i x b e g i m x

t ` r f e w ` m h g m x r j h y b i i e

M j d r i i x g m

d

D r i i x g m d g b j e h ` m h y m r g i m h e w

D r i i x g m d g t ` r f `

m h r g i m h e w

B ` m h g h ` x i l ` ` ~ ~ r j ~ r g ` x i

i w i

b j m x ` b x t g x l b e g i m x

M j i w i b j

m x ` b x

Q i r w e g x x e i i w i b j m x ` b x J _ x ` r g m d

_ i d y e ` r i w i b j m x ` b x % o y x m j x ` r g m d

B ` m h g h ` x i g x t g x l j ~ i m

~ j x y r i

O j x l ` r f

` m h e i d ` r i b r j i h

I g x l

i r ` r f j r e i d ` r i b r j i h

M i g x l i r ` r f m j r e i d ` r i b r j i h

B ` m h g h ` x i ` e e j t b e g i m x x j

~ i

` c j ~ i m e w

B ` m h g h ` x i

g m x i r r y ~ x r i p y i m x e w

B ` m

h g h ` x i g m x i r r y ~ x j b b ` g j m ` e e w

B ` m h g h ` x i h j i m j x g m x i r r y ~ x

B ` m h g h ` x i m i d j x g ` x i b j m &

x r ` b x t g x l b e g i m x g m x i r f j

b j m h i m x g ` e g x w

B j m h i m x

g ` e g x w m j x f i m x g j m i h ` x ` e e

B j m

h i m x g ` e g x w f i m x g j m i h o y x m j x

i | ~ e ` g m i h j r m j x i | ~ e ` g m i h b e i ` r e w

B j m h i m x g ` e g x w ` m h e g f g x j

b j m h i m x g ` e g x w f i m x g j m i h ` m h

i | ~ e ` g m i h

B ` m h g h ` x i g m j m q i r o ` e e w

` b b

i ~ x g m d j b e g i m x

B ` m h g h ` x i

l j t x l i i o i l ` q g j y r ;

r j t m % e j j c ` t ` w r i p y i m x e w

B ` m

h g h ` x i l j t 0 j x l i i ?

o i l

` q g j y r

B ` m h g h ` x i l j t m i g x l i r j x l i i

? o i l ` q g j y r

B e g i m x g q i r o ` e e w ` b b i ~ x g m d

j b e g i m x

B ` m h g h ` x i

i | ~ r i i h g ` ~ ~ r j q ` e j r

k y h d i f i m

x j b e g i m x g m t j r h

B ` m h g h ` x i i | ~ r i i m j h g ` ~ ~ r j q &

` e j r k y h d i f i m x j b e g i m x g m t j r h

B ` m h g h ` x i l j t t ` r f x l

` m h g m x i r i x g m b e g i m x

B ` m h g h ` x i

h j i m j x f g e i ` x b e g i m x

m j r i | ~ r i g m x i r i x

B ` m

h g h ` x i i g x l i r f g e i ` x b e g i m x j r

i | ~ r i i g m x i r i x

B ` m h g h ` x i f g e i ` x b e g i m x ` m h


B ` m h g h ` x i i m b j y r ` d i b e g &

i m x x j ~ i ` c

B ` m h g h ` x i

j i r m j i m b j y r ` d i &

f i m x

B ` m

h g h ` x i h j i m j x i | ~ e g b g x e w ` c

b e g i m x x j ~ i ` c o y x j i r m j m q i r o ` e

i m b j y r ` d i f i m x , i - d - o

w m j h h g m d '

B ` m h g h ` x i i | ~ e g b g x e w ` c b e g i m x

x j ~ i ` c , i - d - `

w ― T l i r i h j w j y

t ` m x x j o i d g m : ‗ j r ― X i e e f i f j r i ‖ '

B ` m h g h ` x i r i a i b x i i e g m d

` m h b j m x i m x

B ` m h g h ` x i

h j i m j x r i a i b x i i e g m d

` x ` e e

B ` m

h g h ` x i r i a i b x i i e g m d y ~ i r &

b g ` e e w ` m h r i a i b x b j m x i m x j x i m

B ` m h g h ` x i ` b b y r ` x i e w r i a i b x i i e &

g m d j x i m ` m h r i a i b x b j m x i m x

e i j x i m




24 55

B ` m h g h ` x i r i a i b x ~ r j b i

, g f

f i h g ` b w '

B ` m h g h ` x i h j i m j x r i a i b x ~ r j &

b i t l i m m i i h i h

B ` m h

g h ` x i r i a i b x ~ r j b i g m ` m

` o r y ~ x k y h d i f i m x ` e t ` w

B ` m h g h ` x i r i a i b x ~ r j b i i f ~ ` x l g &

b ` e e w ` m h ` ~ ~ r j ~ r g ` x i e w t l i m m i i h i h

B ` m h g h ` x i y i x l i y f &

f `

r g g m d ` m h ~ ` r ` ~ l r ` g m d

c g e e

B ` m h g h ` x i h j i m j x y i x l i y f &

f ` r g g m d ` m h ~ ` r ` ~ l r ` g m d c g e e

B ` m h

g h ` x i j m e w y i x l i y f &

f ` r g

g m d ` m h ~ ` r ` ~ l r ` g m d c g e e

b ` r b i e w

B ` m h g h ` x i y i x l i y f f ` r g g m d ` m h

~ ` r ` ~ l r ` g m d c g e e ` ~ ~ r j ~ r g ` x i e w x j r i &

j

b y ` m h b e ` r g w

B ` m h g h ` x i

` c

r i e i q ` m x

p y

i x g j m x l ` x ` r i r i e ` x i h

x j


B ` m h g h ` x i ` c m j p y i x g j m

B ` m h

g h ` x i

` c

p y i x g j m

o y x

x l i w ` r i m j x h g r i b x e w r i e ` x i h x j b e g &

i m x ‗

g x y ` x g j m

B ` m h g h ` x i ` c p y i x g j m r i e ` x i h x j


B ` m h g h ` x i

` c

j e y x g j m &

j b

y i h p y i x g j m x l ` x ` r i

r i e ` x i h x j b e g i m x ‗ g x y ` x g j m


B ` m h

g h ` x i

` c

p y i x g j m

o y x

x l i w ` r i m j x h g r i b x e w r i e ` x i h x j b e g &

i m x ‗

g x y ` x g j m

B ` m h g h ` x i

` c

j e y x g j m & j b y i h

p y i x g j m r i e ` x i h x j b e g i m x ‗ g x y ` x g j m

B ` m h g h ` x i l i e ~ b e g i m x g h i m &

x g w

` q ` g e ` o e i j ~ x g j m

M j o r ` g m

x j r f g m d j ` q ` g e ` o e i j ~ &

x g j m


o y x

b ` m h g h ` x i

~ r j q g h i ` e e j

x l i f

@

x e i ` x x t j

` q ` g e ` o e i j ~ x g j m ` r i

g h

i m x g i h ` m h b e g i m x ~ r j q g h i ` x e i ` x

j m i j x l i f

B ` m h g h ` x i l i e ~ b e g i m x g h i m &

x g w

` h q ` m x ` d i ` m h h g ` h &

q ` m x ` d i j i ` b l j ~ x g j m

M j ` h q ` m x ` d i ` m h h g ` h q ` m x ` d i

g h i m x g i h

J m e w

b ` m h g h ` x i g h i m x g i ` h q ` m &

x ` d i

` m h h g ` h q ` m x ` d i

B e g i m x g h i m x g i ` h q ` m x ` d i ` m h h g &

` h q ` m x ` d i j r e i ` x j m i j ~ x g j m

B ` m h g h ` x i ` g x b e g i m x x j

i | ~ e j r i r i p y g r i h ` b x g j m j r

b l j i m j ~ x g j m , '

M j

i | ~ e j

r ` x g j m

j r i p y g r i h

` b &

x g j m

_ i p y

g r i h

` b x g j m ` r i

i | ~ e j r i h

o y x ~

j j r e w

_ i p y g r i h ` b x g j m ` r i y e e w i | ~ e j r i h

B ` m h g h ` x i ` g x b e g i m x x j

i | ~ e j r i r i y e x j b l j i m

` b x g j m , '

M j i | ~ e j r ` x g j m j r i y e x j b l j &

i m ` b x g j m

, '



_ i y e x j b l j i m ` b x g j m , ' ` r i y e e w

i | ~ e j r i h

B j f ~ i x i m x 6 ` b j r i o i x t i i m

? < ` m h 2 1

Ø

M j w i x b j f ~ i x i m x 6 b j r i j ? < j r o i e j t -

Ø




== 2<

^`rxgbg~`mx Riea&Iqèy`xgjm Ajrf

M@FI; ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ H@XI; ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ

0- Tl`x ri xli fjx gdmgb`mx xlgmd xl`x wjy ei`rmih ojyx;

,`' Wjyrie:

,o' Jxlir:

,b' Tl`x tiri wjyr i|~ibx`xgjm j xli bjyri:

,h' Tiri xlii i|~ibx`xgjm fix:




27 55

?- Jm ` bèi j 0 ,~jjr' xj 9 ,djjh' ljt hj wjy r`xi wjyrie gm xli jeejtgmd `ri` j cmjteihdi `mh cgee;

oigmd ri~ibxye 0 ? 2 8 9

oigmd riè 0 ? 2 8 9

RJEI_ F@^ 0 ? 2 8 9

iibxgqi bjffymgb`xgjm 0 ? 2 8 9

if~`xlw 0 ? 2 8 9

i|~ejrgmd 0 ? 2 8 9

riibxgmd 0 ? 2 8 9

yff`rg{gmd 0 ? 2 8 9

`cgmd j~im pyixgjm 0 ? 2 8 9

blèeimdgmd 0 ? 2 8 9

riibxgmd ~rjbi ,gffihg`bw' 0 ? 2 8 9

ie&`t`rimi 0 ? 2 8 9

~rjoeif jeqgmd 0 ? 2 8 9

`cgmd jeyxgjm&jbyih pyixgjm 0 ? 2 8 9

mjx dgqgmd hqgbi 0 ? 2 8 9

ixxgmd djè 0 ? 2 8 9




== 8>

9- Xli rjei ja fimxjrgmd `mh y~irqggjm

ow ^- Orjy`rh `mh _- E`{`ry

Tl`x g fimxjrgmd:

Gm rie`xgjm xj bjymieegmd% fimxjrgmd g xli ~rjbi j myrxyrgmd% y~~jrxgmd `mh oygehgmd

bjymieejr j xl`x xliw `ri òei xj jir xli oix irqgbi ~jgoei xj begimx tlgei x`wgmd

fjxgq`xih `mh imxlyg`xgb òjyx xligr tjrc- Fimxjrgmd f`w bjqir `hfgmgxr`xgqi f`xxir

,djjh ribjrh&cii~gmd% mjxi&x`cgmd% bì ~riimx`xgjm cgee'3 dygh`mbi ,cmjteihdi% cgee% ixl&

gb% qèyi' `mh y~~jrx ,fjrèi% ~irjmè drjtxl% ie&tjrxl% ` imi j oiejmdgmd xj `m jr&

d`mg`xgjm'-

Fimxjrgmd hgir rjf ―y~irqggjm‖ tlgbl ximh xj yddix ` xj~&hjtm rie`xgjmlg~ tliri

` imgjr ~irjm t`xbli jqir ` kymgjr ~irjm `mh f`ci yri xliw hj xligr kjo ~rj~irew- Ry&

~irqggjm g jfixgfi yih gm gxy`xgjm tliri xli imgjr ~irjm g èj xli f`m`dir j xli

kymgjr ~irjm-

Gm fimxjrgmd% tlgei xli fimxjr g yyèew fjri i|~irgimbih xl`m xli ~irjm ribigqgmd dygh&

`mbi% xli rie`xgjmlg~ g fjri egci xli bjymieejr&begimx rie`xgjmlg~ ‒ ` l`rih kjyrmiw j hg&

bjqirw- Gm f`mw gxy`xgjm gm Rjyxl @rgb` xliri g mj jrfè fimxjr q`geòei mh bjymieejr

f`w miih xj riew jm i`bl jxlir jr fimxjrgmd-




80 55

Tlw g gx gf~jrx`mx:

@ee j y gmqjeqih gm lie~gmd tjrc miih xj riibx jm jyr tjrc oib`yi ti `ri lyf`m ,ti

l`qi xrimdxl `mh ti`cmii' `mh oib`yi bjymieegmd g oìh jm xli ghi` j oigmd òei

xj bjmmibx xj begimx- Xlii bjmmibxgjm b`m f`ci y qyemiròei% xliw b`m `t`cim jeh ~rjo&

eif% xliw b`m riqiè lghhim miih% mh xliw b`m ei`qi y iiegmd oyrhimih ow bjf~ei| iie&

gmd- Xliw b`m ej f`ci y iie ~jtirye mh gm bjmxrje% mh jfixgfi xif~xih xj x`ci jqir

xli egqi `mh hibggjm j jyr begimx-

Bjymieejr tlj l`qi mjx l`h wi`r j ~rjigjmè xr`gmgmd% gm tlgbl xliw `ri bejiew fim&

xjrih `mh imbjyr`dih xj l`qi xligr jtm gm&hi~xl bjymieegmd% `ri i~ibgèew qyemiròei xj

jfi j xli blèeimdi hibrgoih ojqi- Mjm&jrfè bjymieejr gm Rjyxl @rgb` ,i-d- bjymie&

ejr tlj tjrc tgxl xiei~ljmi `mh `bi&xj&`bi bjymieegmd gm ` r`mdi j MDJ' l`qi jxim

l`h ljrx `mh gmximi xr`gmgmd xj dgqi xlif o`gb cgee xj hiè tgxl xli fjx bjffjm ~rjo&

eif ~ij~ei `bi gm xligr iqirwh`w egqi- Rybl bjyri b`mmjx ipyg~ xlii bjymieejr xj bj~i

tgxl fjri bjf~ei| ~rjoeif mh gxy`xgjm mh xliw b`mmjx bjf~eixiew ~ri~`ri bjymieejr

jr iqirw blèeimdi xliw fgdlx `bi% mh xli ifjxgjmè oyrhim j bjymieegmd-

LGQ*@GHR g `m i|`f~ei j jmi fihgbè `mh jbgè blèeimdi tliri xli oyrhim j bjymie&

egmd l` èeim jm xr`gmih qjeymxiir- Rjyxl @rgb` l` ` bjf~ei| LGQ i~ghifgb tgxl jmi j

xli e`rdix myfoir j ~ij~ei egqgmd tgxl LGQ% xli ogddix @_Q rjee&jyx gm xli tjreh% `mh `

drjtgmd hif`mh jr qjeymx`rw bjymieegmd `mh xixgmd ,QBX' `mh ~riqimxgjm j fjxlir&xj&

blgeh xr`mfggjm ,^FXBX' irqgbi- F`mw LGQ bjymieejr gm Rjyxl @rgb` `ri tjrcgmd gm hg&

byex bgrbyfx`mbi tgxl gm`hipy`xi y~~jrx mh dygh`mbi- Xr`gmgmd j LGQ bjymieejr q`rgi

`brj xli bjymxrw% bjymieejr f`w oi ~jjrew ~`gh jr jqir&tjrcih `mh xliw hj mjx l`qi `

bei`r b`riir ~`xl jr kjo ibyrgxw% `mh jxim oigmd iim ` firi ―qjeymxiir‖- LGQ bjymieejr `ri

jxim i|~ibxih xj `blgiqi djè% tlgbl `ri ymriègxgb% ybl ` oil`qgjyr bl`mdi `mh hgbej&

yri% tgxlgm jmi igjm j bjymieegmd- Gm xlii bjmhgxgjm% f`mw bjymieejr ri`bl ―oyrm&jyx‖

`mh `ri xlim ymòei xj hj fi`mgmdye tjrc-




== 8?

Fjhie ja fimxjrgmd

Gmhgqghyè fimxjrgmd; Gmhgqghyè fimxjrgmd jir xli bjymieejr xli j~~jrxymgxw xj hi&

qiej~ ` xryxgmd rie`xgjmlg~ tgxl ` fjri cgeeih `mh i|~irgimbih fimxjr `mh ` ì ~`bi gm

tlgbl xj riibx jm tjrc tgxl begimx% hiqiej~ ` ` bjymieejr `mh drjt ` ` ~irjm- Gx fjx

jxim l`~~im jm ` `bi&xj&`bi o`g% oyx f`w oi xiei~ljmgb jr riew jm trgxxim jr i&f`ge

bjmx`bx-




82 55

Gmhgqghyè fimxjrgmd dimir eew èejt fjri xgfi xj bjmbimxr`xi jm ~`rxgbye`r bì% jr xj ri&

qgit r`mdi j bì- Gx ej jir fjri gm&hi~xl jby jm xli ~ibgb miih j xli ~`rxgbye`r

bjymieejr- Gx g% ljtiqir% egfgxih ow xli ~ibgb j xli bì mh bgrbyfx`mbi xli bjymie&

ejr l` imbjymxirih% f`w imbjyr`di hi~imhimbw jm xli fimxjr% jr oi i|~irgimbih ` xjj

gmximi mh hif`mhgmd- Gx g ei bjx&iibxgqi xl`m drjy~ fimxjrgmd mh tgee mjx l`~~im x

èe g xliri g mj ygxòei fimxjr `q`geòei-

Drjy~ fimxjrgmd; Drjy~ fimxjrgmd jir drjy~ fifoir xli j~~jrxymgxw xj l`ri r`mdi

j i|~irgimbi tgxl begimx% `mh ` q`rgixw j `~~rj`bli ow hgirimx bjymieejr% ` ` o`g jr

riibxgjm jm ~ibgb bì% hiqiej~fimx ` drjy~ fifoir `mh ~irjmè drjtxl- Drjy~

fimxjrgmd riegi jm drjy~ fifoir `bxgqiew imd`dgmd tgxl bì xl`x `ri ―~riimxih‖ ow jmi

j xli drjy~ gm jrhir xj ~rjqghi bjffimx mh gx`mbi jr xl`x bjymieejr% mh x xli `fi

xgfi xj ei`rm jr xlifieqi-

Drjy~ fimxjrgmd f`w oi `bgegx`xih ow fimxjr% jr ow ` drjy~ fifoir ,jr fifoir' bxgmd

xj `bgegx`xi ` hgbygjm `fjmdx ~iir- Gm igxlir bì% ` x`mh`rh ~rjbi tgee yyèew oi je&

ejtih xj `bgegx`xi hgbygjm% f`m`di drjy~ hwm`fgb `mh% ` `r ` ~jgoei% `bbjffjh`xi

xli miih j hgirimx drjy~ fifoir ‒ g mjx gm ` ~`rxgbye`r igjm% xlim jqir ` irgi j

igjm-

Gm drjy~ fimxjrgmd% xliri tgee gmiqgxòew oi itir j~~jrxymgxgi jr drjy~ fifoir xj jby

jm xligr jtm bì `mh gx f`w oi fjri hgbyex xj mh t`w xj hiè tgxl yrdimx bì- Oib`yi

j xli lgx gm jby `fjmdx drjy~ fifoir gm xli bjyri j ` igjm% drjy~ fimxjrgmd

f`w oi ei `m|gixw&~rjqjcgmd jr bjymieejr `mh oi ei egciew xj imbjyr`di hi~imhimbi-

Ljtiqir% jfi bjymieejr f`w mh gx fjri hgbyex xj oi j~im ojyx hgbyex i|~irgimbi gm

` drjy~ `mh l`qi ei bjmhimbi gm xli j~gmgjm j ~iir- Ajr drjy~ fimxjrgmd xj oi iib&

xgqi% hwm`fgb ybl hjfgm`mbi% bjmgbx% jr bjf~ixgxgjm miih xj oi ~rj~irew f`m`dih-

Bljjgmd ` fjhie

Oib`yi ojxl gmhgqghyè `mh drjy~ fimxjrgmd l`qi xrimdxl `mh ti`cmii% tliri ~j&

goei% bjfogm`xgjm j ojxl g yiye% jr i|`f~ei ridye`r drjy~ fimxjrgmd% y~~eifimxih ow

ei ripyimx gmhgqghyè fimxjrgmd- Gm xli bì j drjy~ fimxjrgmd% gx g lie~ye xj l`qi jfi&

jmi cgeeih gm bjymieegmd `mh gm rymmgmd drjy~ xj `bgegx`xi xli fimxjrgmd igjm- Tliri

xlg g mjx ~jgoei% ~iir fimxjrgmd b`m xgee oi `m iibxgqi xjje xj y~~jrx `mh iml`mbi xli

cgee j bjymieejr-




== 88

Gm xli bì j ~iir fimxjrgmd% gx g lie~ye xj x`rx j tgxl m i|xirmè fimxjr mh tliri ~j&

goei% xj bjmxgmyi xj l`qi jbb`gjmè igjm tgxl xli fimxjr- Tlim drjy~ fifoir `bx ``bgegx`xjr% xlg b`m oi hjmi jm xli o`g j ` rjxir3 jr yi j ` qjeymxiir jr ow mjfgm`xgjm-

Xli drjy~ f`w ~riir xj yi jfijmi dimirèew rid`rhih gm xli drjy~ l`qgmd fjri i|~irg&

imbi ` ` bjymieejr% jr oigmd fjri iibxgqi ` ` drjy~ `bgegx`xjr-

Ljtiqir% xli drjy~ ljyeh `qjgh ygmd xli `fi ~irjm xlrjydljyx% ` xlg egfgx j~~jrxymg&

xgi jr xl`x ~irjm xj ~`rxgbg~`xi ` ` ~iir gm xli drjy~ `mh jr jxlir xj hiqiej~ `bgegx`xgjm

cgee- L`qgmd `bgegx`xjr mh bj&`bgegx`xjr jr i`bl igjm g jmi t`w xj ~riqimx jqir&rieg`mbi

jm jmi jr xtj ~ij~ei xj yee xlg ymbxgjm-

Drjy~ fimxjrgmd gm fjri hix`ge

ê`mmgmd jr fimxjrgmd drjy~; Rjfijmi ljyeh x`ci ri~jmgogegxw xj ~e`m xli rx igjm

j ` fimxjrgmd drjy~- Xlg ~irjm ljyeh jrd`mgi ` ~e`bi xj fiix `mh ixòegl xl`x xliri

g imjydl ~`bi `mh ~rgq`bw jr xli fiixgmd% èe mibi`rw ~irfggjm l`qi oiim jox`gmih%

`mh blibc tlixlir ririlfimx ljyeh oi jrd`mgih- Xliri ljyeh oi xli mibi`rw ipyg~&

fimx ,i-d- g wjy t`mx xj yi ` g~bl`rx xj yff`rgi ` bì jr trgxi hjtm drjymh ryei' `mh

imjydl bl`gr- Xli ~e`mmir ljyeh ej gmqgxi ~`rxgbg~`mx mh i|~e`gm xli xgfi bjffgxfimx

gmqjeqih jr xli rx fiixgmd ‒ xli eimdxl `mh myfoir j e`xir igjm tgee oi `driih jm owxli drjy~ ‒ `mh lie~ jrx jyx xr`m~jrx ripygrifimx% g ~jgoei-

Xli ~lwgbè ix y~ j ` drjy~; Tlgei ejbè ixxgmd f`w l`qi rijyrbi `mh ~`bi bjm&

xr`gmx% tliri ~jgoei xrw xj rr`mdi i`xgmd xj imyri f`|gfyf ~`rxgbg~`xgjm j ee- @ bgrbei

xw~i&i`xgmd ~e`m jr ` Y&l`~ih `rr`mdifimx èejt jr iqirwjmi xj ii i`bl jxlir `mh jr

xlif xj gmxir`bx tgxl i`bl jxlir- G ~jgoei% qjgh yi j hic jr xòei% tlgbl ximh xj bx `

` o`rrgir xj djjh gmxir`bxgjm-

Bjmxr`bxgmd; Xli ~irjm tlj l` bèeih xli drjy~ xjdixlir ljyeh gmxrjhybi lgfie jrlirie% dgqi orgi i|~e`m`xgjm j fimxjrgmd mh tlw gx g gf~jrx`mx% mh yff`rgi xli ~yr&

~ji j xli fiixgmd- R*li ljyeh xlim `c iqirwjmi xj gmxrjhybi xlifieqi `mh xj i|~e`gm

tl`x xliw tjyeh i|~ibx rjf ` fimxjrgmd drjy~- Xlii i|~ibx`xgjm ljyeh oi hgbyih

`mh xlim xli drjy~ ljyeh `drii jm jfi jqirèe djè jr xli fimxjrgmd drjy~ ‒ xlii b`m

oi b`~xyrih jm ` g~bl`rx-

Ei`rmgmd xlrjydl drjy~ fimxjrgmd fi`m x`cgmd rgc `mh i|~jgmd jmi‗ qyemirògegxgi- @m

gf~jrx`mx hibggjm bjmbirm tlixlir xli drjy~ tgee oi bejih jr j~im mh ljt mit ~ij~ei

tgee oi gmqgxih xj kjgm xli drjy~- @ bejih drjy~ f`w jxir dri`xir xryx `fjmd fifoir% oyxf`w oi hgbyex xj yx`gm gm xli ejmd rym-




89 55

Gx g èj gf~jrx`mx xj `drii jm drjymh ryei jr djjh drjy~ oil`qgjyr `mh

jyxbjfi- @ xw~gbè ix j drjymh ryei bjqir xli jeejtgmd xlifi;

Fjx gf~jrx`mxew% `drii jm ` r`fitjrc jr ljt i`bl fimxjrgmd igjm tgee oi rym rjf

x`rx xj mgl-




== 81

@ yddixih ar`fitjrc ajr drjy~ fimxjrgmd

Drjy~ fimxjrgmd% tlixlir fimxjr&eih jr gmqjeqgmd jmew ~iir% g iml`mbih ow ygmd `fgeg`r

r`fitjrc xj lie~ drjy~ fifoir imd`di tgxl xli ~rjbi `mh bjmx`gm drjy~ hwm`fgb-

Xli r`fitjrc miih xj oi hgbyih `mh `driih ` ~`rx j xli bjmxr`bxgmd ~rjbi tlim

x`rxgmd fimxjrgmd drjy~-

Xli jeejtgmd ~lì `ri bjffjmew gmbeyhih gm xli r`fitjrc-

J~imgmd ,9‒0> fgmyxi'

Xli `bgegx`xjr bjmrf xli ri`hgmi j drjy~ xj x`rx `mh gmxrjhybi ` t`rf&y~ `b&

xgqgxw ,gbi&ori`cir' xj dix fifoir rie`|ih `mh xècgmd- Ajr i|`f~ei% l`qi i`bl drjy~

fifoir dgqi jmi tjrh tlgbl hibrgoi ljt xlgmd l`qi oiim gmbi xli e`x fiixgmd-

Xli `bgegx`xjr xlim blibc xl`x xli fifoir ri~jmgoei jr ~riimxgmd g ri`hw xj hj

j- G rieiq`mx% xli `bgegx`xjr be`rgi tlixlir xliri `ri `mw jyx&j&xyrm ripyix% èejt

orgi hgbygjm `mh ` hibggjm tlixlir xj èejt gx jr yddix èxirm`xgqi t`w xj dix

lie~ tgxl xli ripyix-

^riimx`xgjm ,0>‒?> fgmyxi'

Ygmd ~ri~`rih mjxi% xli ~riimxir ~riimx xli bì jeejtgmd ` wxif`xgb jrf`x

,ii Bì ~riimx`xgjm jrf`x oiejt'- Xli ~riimxir ljyeh xrw xj cii~ xli ~riimx`xgjm

bei`r mh xr`gdlxjrt`rh j xl`x jxlir drjy~ fifoir l`qi yee ~gbxyri xj tjrc tgxl-

Hyrgmd xli ~riimx`xgjm% jxlir drjy~ fifoir f`w f`ci mjxi xj rifgmh xlifieqi

j ciw ~jgmx% jr j pyixgjm-

Be`rgb`xgjm ,0>‒09 fgmyxi'

Ajeejtgmd ` rjymh&rjogm `~~rj`bl% drjy~ fifoir `c pyixgjm xl`x tgee lie~ xlif

xj ymhirx`mh xli gxy`xgjm oixxir ,i-d- ljt jeh g \: ljt ejmd l` \ oiim iiegmd xlg t`w:

tl`x f`hi \ hibghi xj bjfi jr bjymieegmd: '- Egfgx pyixgjm xj jmi ~ir drjy~ fifoir%

jr ix xgfi egfgx jr cgmd pyixgjm ,i-d- 9 fgmyxi'- Pyixgjm ljyeh jby f`gmew jm

xli bì mh xli begimx% r`xlir xl`m jm ljt xli bjymieejr gmxirqimih- Pyixgjm ljyeh

mjx gmbeyhi ~jgoei gmxir~rix`xgjm jr jeyxgjm- Drjy~ fifoir ljyeh xrw xj `qjgh

eimdxlw% r`foegmd x`xifimx% tgxljyx bei`r pyixgjm- Xli ~riimxir b`m ri~jmh xir

i`bl pyixgjm% jr `x xli imh j èe xli pyixgjm-




84 55

^riimxir‗ ripyix ,9 fgmyxi' Xli ~riimxir xlim i|~e`gm lg*lir ri`jm jr ~riimxgmd xlg bì ‒ tl`x *li jymh i&

~ibgèew hgbyex ,i-d- mjx cmjtgmd ljt xj gmxirqimi% jr mjx ymhirx`mhgmd tlw xli begimx

ri`bxih gm ` ~`rxgbye`r t`w% jr iiegmd gm`hipy`xi xj fiix xli begimx‗ miih% jr oib`yi

j iiegmd iqjcih ow xli begimx jr lg*lir gxy`xgjm'% `mh*jr tl`x *li t`mx rjf xli

drjy~ ,i-d- yddixgjm jm ljt xj gmxirqimi% ljt xj ymhirx`mh xli begimx‗ ri`bxgjm%

ljt xj ymhirx`mh jr hiè tgxl iiegmd j gm`hipy`bw jr jxlir iiegmd iqjcih ow xli

begimx'-

_iibxgjm ,?‒2 fgmyxi'

Xj imbjyr`di drjy~ fifoir xj jby jm xli ~riimxir‗ ripyix r`xlir xl`m xligr jtm

ri`bxgjm xj xli bì jr xj xli bjymieejr‗ gmxirqimxgjm% eejt xgfi jr fifoir xj riibx

jm xli bì `mh xli ~riimxir‗ ripyix mh bjmghir ljt xj ri~jmh-

Drjy~ fifoir‗ bjffimx ,09‒?> fgmyxi'

I`bl drjy~ fifoir dgqi iiho`bc% jbyih jm xli ~riimxir‗ ripyix% x`cgmd b`ri

xj bjffymgb`xi bjmxrybxgqiew ,ii _jei oiejt'- Xli ~riimxir egxim xj i`bl bjf&fimx mh f`w f`ci mjxi% oyx hji mjx ri~jmh% i|bi~x xj c jr mw be`rgb`xgjm *li

miih- Xlg hibriì ~riyri jm xli ~riimxir xj hiimh ` ~jgmx j qgit jr `bxgjm `mh

`bgegx`xi fjri jbyih xximxgjm jm tl`x g oigmd `gh-

_iibxgjm ,?‒2 fgmyxi'

@eejt xli ~riimxir ` it fgmyxi xj bjmghir xli bjffimx `mh lg*lir ri`bxgjm xj

xlif- Jxlir drjy~ fifoir b`m x`ci xli xgfi xj bjmghir tl`x xliw l`qi ei`rmih rjf

xli igjm j `r% jr xj x`ci ` orgi xrixbl ori`c-

^riimxir‗ ri~jmi ,9‒0> fgmyxi'

Xli ~riimxir ri~jmh xj xli bjffimx% èj x`cgmd b`ri xj bjffymgb`xi bjmxryb&

xgqiew- R*li f`w gmhgb`xi gm tl`x t`w ` bjffimx t` lie~ye% jr tliri `mh tlw *li

ii xlgmd hgirimxew% jr f`w l`qi hgbyexw ~~ewgmd ` yddixgjm- Xli ~riimxir imh

tgxl ` yff`rw j tl`x *li l` ei`rmih `mh tl`x *li gmximh xj hj ` ` riyex j xli

igjm-




== 8<

J~im hgbygjm ,9‒0> fgmyxi'

I`bl igjm ljyeh imh ~rj~irew- Hi~imhgmd jm xli xgfi `q`geòei `mh tl`x l` l`~&

~imih hyrgmd xli igjm% drjy~ fifoir b`m oi gmqgxih xj riibx jm tl`x xliw l`qi

ei`rmih rjf xli igjm `mh ljt xliw `ri iiegmd% jr xj bjmghir `~ibx j xli drjy~

~rjbi% jr ljt xli `bgegx`xjr,' f`m`dih xli igjm- @mw hibggjm òjyx xli mi|x

fimxjrgmd igjm `mh tlj tgee ~riimx ljyeh oi x`cim mjt% j xl`x gx g bei`r tlj

miih xj ~ri~`ri- @mw jxlir ~rjoeif jr ymbirx`gmxgi ljyeh oi hièx tgxl% jr rr`mdi&

fimx f`hi xj `hhri xlif `x xli mi|x igjm jr gm jfi jxlir `~~rj~rg`xi t`w-

_jei; @ee drjy~ fifoir l`qi ` ri~jmgogegxw xj imd`di bjmxrybxgqiew gm xli fimxjrgmd

~rjbi `mh xj imbjyr`di ` djjh tjrcgmd begf`xi- Gm `hhgxgjm% ljtiqir% xli `bgegx`xjr,'%

~riimxir `mh jxlir drjy~ fifoir i`bl l`qi xligr jtm ymgpyi rjei xj ~e`w-

A`bgegx`xjr; Xli `bgegx`xjr g ri~jmgoei jr `bgegx`xgmd xli drjy~‗ tjrcgmd xlrjydl xli hg&

irimx ~lì j xli r`fitjrc% jr fjmgxjrgmd drjy~ hwm`fgb `mh f`gmx`gmgmd ri`jmòei

tjrcgmd rie`xgjmlg~ `fjmdx fifoir- R*li miih xj jxir bjmhgxgjm xl`x imbjyr`di

~rjigjmè `mh ~irjmè drjtxl j xli ~riimxir `mh jxlir drjy~ fifoir- R*li miih xj

fjhie ri~ibxye% y~~jrxgqi `mh riibxgqi oil`qgjyr jr drjy~ fifoir `mh gmxirqimi g

jqirew brgxgbè jr gmimgxgqi bjffimx `ri f`hi- R*li miih xj imyri xl`x èe drjy~ fif&

oir `ri òei xj ~`rxgbg~`xi `mh xj gmxirqimi g jmi fifoir jr ` yo&drjy~ oidgm xj hjfg&

m`xi- Ygmd rjymh&rjogm xiblmgpyi mh eejtgmd jmew jmi pyixgjm jr bjffimx ~ir ~irjm

b`m oi yiye- R*li miih xj oi j~im xj iiho`bc jm lir*lg `bgegx`xgjm% èejtgmd jr lir*lg

jtm drjtxl ` ` `bgegx`xjr-

^riimxir; Xli ~riimxir g ri~jmgoei jr bljjgmd ` bì xj ~riimx `mh ~ri~`rgmd xli

mibi`rw f`xirgè gm `hq`mbi ,ii Bì ~riimx`xgjm jrf`x oiejt'- R*li miih xj dgqi jfi

xljydlx xj tlw *li l` bljim xlg bì `mh tl`x *li tjyeh egci xj dix jyx j xli fim&

xjrgmd ~rjbi ,èxljydl xlg f`w oi riqgih `xir egximgmd xj pyixgjm rjf jxlir drjy~

fifoir'- R*li ljyeh xrw xj ~riimx xli bì ` bei`rew `mh bjmbgiew ` ~jgoei% oyx tgxl

imjydl hix`ge j xl`x jxlir drjy~ fifoir l`qi imjydl gmjrf`xgjm xj f`ci imi j xli

bì- R*li ljyeh xrw xj oi ljmix ojyx hgbyexgi *li l` i|~irgimbih% xlg tgee iml`mbi

tl`x *li b`m ei`rm-




87 55

R*li ljyeh xrw xj `mtir pyixgjm bei`rew% oyx gmhgb`xi tlim *li hji mjx l`qi xli gm&

jrf`xgjm- R*li ljyeh egxim b`riyeew xj drjy~ fifoir‗ bjffimx `mh xrw xj ii xlif `

dimygmi `xxif~x xj lie~% iqim xljydl xliw `ri oìh jm jmew ~`rxgè gmjrf`xgjm òjyx xli

gxy`xgjm- @mw brgxgbè bjffimx ljyeh oi iim j~~jrxymgxgi xj ei`rm- R*li miih xj xrw xj

hr`t jyx x ei`x jmi eijm jr ~jgoei bjyri j bxgjm rjf xli ~rjbi mh oi ~ri~`rih xj

xrw xj gf~eifimx xlg gm lir*lg ~r`bxgbi-

Gm bjffymgb`xgmd tgxl jxlir drjy~ fifoir% *li miih xj bjmqiw ri~ibx `mh `~~ribg`&

xgjm jr xligr ijrx- Xliri g mj miih xj ri~jmh xj iqirw gmdei bjffimx% oyx gx g lie~ye xj

oi òei xj yff`rgi xli f`gm ghi` `mh xj lgdlegdlx ~jgmx xl`x *li gmximh xj xlgmc fjri

òjyx jr xrw jyx gm ~r`bxgbi-

Drjy~ fifoir; Drjy~ fifoir ri ri~jmgoei jr bxgqiew egximgmd xj mh imd`dgmd tgxl

xli ~riimxir% gm jrhir ojxl xj oi òei xj jir lie~ye bjffimx xj xli ~riimxir `mh xj jxir

xligr jtm ei`rmgmd Drjy~ fifoir miih xj oi imgxgqi gm ljt xliw ~lrì xligr pyixgjm

`mh bjffimx% oigmd t`ri xl`x xliw ri i|~rigmd kyx jmi ~jgmx j qgit `mh rjf jyxghi

xli riè bjymieegmd gxy`xgjm- Xliw miih xj `bbi~x xl`x xli ~riimxir g mjx joegdih xj ii

xlgmd xligr t`w jr x`ci y~ xligr yddixgjm-

Gm f`cgmd bjffimx% drjy~ fifoir miih xj xrw xj ~yx xlifieqi gm xli lji j xli ~ri&imxir% xlgmcgmd mjx jmew òjyx tl`x xliw t`mx xj `w% oyx èj ljt gx f`w oi li`rh- Xrw xj

`qjgh f`cgmd bjffimx tlgbl jymh `bbygmd jr kyhdfimxè- F`cgmd bjffimx xl`x `ri

ximx`xgqi% jr jirgmd j~xgjm% g mjxlir t`w xj dgqi xli ~riimxir riihjf xj bbi~x jr rikibx

` ~`rxgbye`r x`xifimx- Rjfi yiye ~lrì xj x`rx ` bjffimx ri; ―xli t`w G ymhirx`mh xli

gxy`xgjm g‡-‖% ―~irl`~ xli begimx t` iiegmd*xrwgmd xj `w‡‖% ―G tjmhir tlixlir‡-‖% ―fw yd&

dixgjm tjyeh oi‡‖% jmi j~xgjm tjyeh oi‡‖% ―`mh jfixlgmd G fgdlx xrw tjyeh oi‡‖-

Tlim dgqgmd iiho`bc rififoir xl`x xlg g fjx iibxgqi tlim xliri g ` jymh`xgjm j

xryx gm ` drjy~- Rj g ` fimxjrgmd drjy~ g mit% dgqi iiho`bc tgxl jfi b`yxgjm-




== 9>

Drjy~ fifoir ljyeh èj oi j~im xj li`rgmd iiho`bc% ` xlg g xli ~yr~ji j fimxjr&

gmd- Xlg b`m oi l`rh `x rx% oyx gm xgfi gx hji dix i`gir-

Ryddixih bì ~riimx`xgjm ajrf`x

Tlj g xli begimx:0-

M`fi% g ~~rj~rg`xi ,jr kyx gmgxgè'u

@diu

Dimhiru

Jbby~`xgjmu

F`rgxè*rie`xgjmlg~ x`xyu

Blgehrimu

Egqgmd gxy`xgjmu

Byrrimx xrijru

_ieiq`mx lgxjrw ,rie`xgjmlg~% lièxl gyi% fimxè lièxl% ihyb`xgjm% jbgè*bye&u

xyrè*riegdgjy `bxjr'

Ljt hgh xli begimx ~riimx% g-i- ljt tiri xliw hriih% ljt hgh xliw ejjc% b`m wjyu

yf y~ xligr dimirè xxgxyhi*`~~rj`bl xj wjy:




90 55

Yi ` dimjdr`f% g jox`gmih- Xl`x g% hr`t ` `fgew xrii% tlgbl ljt xli ciw ~ij~ei gm xli

begimx‗ egi ,ii imh j xlg ibxgjm jr `f~ei dimjdr`f'-

Ljt hgh G bjfi xj ii xli begimx:?-

Tliri hj G tjrc% cgmh j jrd`mg`xgjm:u

Tl`x g fw rjei gm xli jrd`mg`xgjm ,b`m oi fjri xl`m jmi':u

Ljt hgh xli begimx dix riirrih xj fi:u

Ljt jxim l`qi G iim xlif:u

Tl`x g xli begimx‗ xjrw:2-

Tlw hgh xli begimx bjfi jr bjymieegmd:u

Tl`x `ri xli gyi xliw `ri hiègmd tgxl rgdlx mjt:u

Ljt ejmd l` xliri oiim ` ~rjoeif:u

@ri xliri jxlir ~rjoeif% mh ri xliw egmcih xj xli ~riimxgmd ~rjoeif:u

Tl`x l` xli begimx hjmi xj xrw `mh hiè tgxl ~rjoeif:u

Tl`x hgh G hj gm xli igjm:8-

Tl`x cgee hgh G ~yx gmxj ~r`bxgbi ,i-d- bjmxr`bxgmd% riibxgmd% egximgmd% yff`rg&u

gmd% ri&~lr`gmd% blèeimdgmd% ~rjoeif jeqgmd':

Gmxirqimxgjm ‒ tl`x hgh G hj jqir `mh òjqi xli cgee% i-d- hgh G dgqi xli begimxu

ljfitjrc% hgh G riir jr m iqèy`xgjm% hgh G hgby oil`qgjyr bl`mdi fixljh:

Ljt hgh G iie hyrgmd `mh `xir xli igjm ,egx iiegmd tjrh':9-

Ljt hgh xli begimx iif xj iie hyrgmd `mh `xir xli igjm ,egx iiegmd tjrh':1-

Ljt hgh xli begimx `mh G rie`xi xj i`bl jxlir ,i-d- t` xliri ` djjh bjmmibxgjm% hgh gx4-

iif xryx `mh j~immi t` hiqiej~ih% hgh xli begimx rif`gm hiimgqi `mh t`rw':

Tl`x g xli t`w jrt`rh `driih tgxl xli begimx:<-

@f G djgmd xj ii xli begimx `d`gm:7-

Hgh `mw ixlgbè blèeimdi bjfi y~:0>-




== 9?

_ymmgmd drjy~

Fimxjrgmd drjy~ l`ri f`mw j xli bl`r`bxirgxgb j `mw drjy~ ~rjbi `mh ripygri f`mw

j xli `fi xxgxyhi mh cgee g xliw ri xj oi ybbiye- Tlim ~ij~ei fiix gm drjy~% yy&

èew ―drjy~ hwm`fgb‖ ifirdi- Gm xli oidgmmgmd% i~ibgèew g ~ij~ei hj mjx cmjt i`bl jxlir%

fifoir f`w oi b`yxgjy gm ~~rj`blgmd i`bl jxlir mh xliw tgee oi ximx`xgqi gm f`cgmd hi&

bggjm- Jr jfijmi tlj g fjri irxgqi f`w yfi ei`hirlg~ rjei- Xlg b`m b`yi bjm&

gbx g xliri g hg`driifimx òjyx tl`x xli drjy~ g xrwgmd xj `blgiqi `mh tl`x rjei ~ij~ei

ljyeh ~e`w- Himgmd djè `mh ryei j oil`qgjyr b`m lie~ xj ix jfi o`gb `driifimx gm

~e`bi- Tlim xliri g `driifimx% xli drjy~ g òei xj jby jm gx bjri x`c% ybl ` jirgmd

y~~jrx `mh dygh`mbi xj i`bl jxlir jm bjymieegmd- G mit ~ij~ei kjgm xli drjy~% gx f`w oimibi`rw xj mh ` t`w j tiebjfgmd xlif xlrjydl gmxrjhybxgjm `mh riqggxgmd xli drjy~‗

~yr~ji% drjymh ryei `mh t`w j tjrcgmd- Rjfixgfi mit ~ij~ei b`m lgx xli imirdw jr

rjei gm ` drjy~ `mh ximgjm b`m `rgi- Jr i|gxgmd drjy~ fifoir b`m dix gmxj bjmgbx ,iie&

gmd `ri lyrx% jfijmi xrgi xj oi xjj ojw% ` drjy~ fifoir riyi xj bjmxrgoyxi'- Xlii

blèeimdi ljyeh oi hgbyih `mh rijeqih ,ii ghi` oiejt'- G ` drjy~ bjfi xj `m imh gx

g ` djjh ghi` xj xèc òjyx xlg imhgmd% xj bieior`xi ybbii% `bcmjteihdi hgbyexgi `mh

xj ~i`c ojyx xli iiegmd tlgbl f`w bjfi y~ ,`hmi% riegi% i|bgxifimx'-

Bjymieejr tgee ii gfge`rgxgi oixtiim xlg orgi hibrg~xgjm j ljt drjy~ jxim tjrc `mhxli kjyrmiw oixtiim ` begimx `mh bjymieejr- Gm xli oidgmmgmd xliri g ymbirx`gmxw `mh hg&

bjqirw% drjymh ryei `mh bjmxr`bx miih xj oi hr`tm y~% `mh ` xryx oygeh% j~immi `mh

hii~ir bjffymgb`xgjm b`m l`~~im- Tlim xli begimx mh ` jeyxgjm xliw `ri l`~~w tgxl% jr

g xliw iie ei oyrhimih ow xligr ~rjoeif% xli bjymieegmd rie`xgjmlg~ bjfi xj `m imh gm

` midjxg`xih t`w-

Gx g qirw gf~jrx`mx xlirijri xj ix y~ ` drjy~ gm ybl ` t`w xl`x hwm`fgb% blèeimdi `mh

~rjoeif b`m oi `hhriih% tlixlir gx g ` jrfè% ridye`r drjy~ jr ` fjri b`yè `mh gmri&

pyimx drjy~-

F`m`dgmd hgbyexgi; Xlii xg~ `ri `gfih `x drjy~ rym ow ` drjy~ ei`hir- Tliri xliri g

mj jrfè ei`hir tgxl xr`gmgmd gm drjy~ fimxjrgmd% xlii xg~ b`m oi yih ow xli ~irjm tlj

l` oiim ieibxih xj rym xli ~iir fimxjrgmd igjm jr xl`x h`w ,jr g xliri g ` bj&`bgegx`xjr%

xlim xli xtj b`m gf~eifimx xli xg~ xjdixlir'-

Fjx ~ij~ei rigx bl`mdi `mh mh gx ymtiebjfi `mh xlri`ximgmd- Xli qirw m`xyri j fim&

xjrgmd ripygri drjy~ fifoir xj ei`rm `mh drjt `mh dix iiho`bc jm xligr ~irjrf`mbi

` bjymieejr- _igx`mbi bjyeh ljt gxie gm e`xi bjfgmd% mjx òghgmd ow drjymh ryei% mjx




92 55

bjfgmd ~ri~`rih xj ` fimxjrgmd igjm% `rdyfimx`xgqimi% oigmd joxrybxgqi jr riygmd

xj ~`rxgbg~`xi% mh j jm- Xlii ljyeh oi hhriih ow dgqgmd iiho`bc mh rifgmhir j xli

ryei-

G jmi ~irjm hjfgm`xi% xrw xj dj o`bc xj xli drjymh ryei mh c jr xli ~`rxgbg~`xgjm j ee-

G xliri g e`bc j ~`rxgbg~`xgjm% riqgit xli xi~ mh imbjyr`di i`bl ~irjm xj f`ci bjf&

fimx ripygrih ow xli fjhie- G gx iif xliri g xgee ~rjoeif wjy b`m xj~ xli drjy~ mh

yddix 9&fgmyxi hgbygjm jm tl`x g l`~~imgmd- G xliri g hiqg`xgjm rjf xli hgbygjm%

xlg b`m grrgx`xi jxlir drjy~ fifoir `mh ei`h xj ` ej j jby `mh hgribxgjm-

_ifgmh xli gmhgqghyè gm dimxei t`w òjyx xli yokibx ymhir hgbygjm mh imbjyr`di lirjr lgf xj x`w jm xr`bc- G xliri g gm`~~rj~rg`xi oil`qgjyr ,` ~rikyhgbih rif`rc% o`h e`mdy`di%

`m gm`~~rj~rg`xi kjci jr bjffimx% ryhimi'% riir xj xli drjymh ryei jm ri~ibx- G xliri `ri

~rgq`xi hgbygjm% xlii b`m oi xjeir`xih xj jfi i|ximx- Oyx g xliw bjmxgmyi% `c xli gmhg&

qghyè xj l`ri xligr ghi` tgxl xli e`rdir drjy~- G xliri `ri xgfi ~rjoeif% rifgmh xli drjy~

j xlg `mh dix `driifimx jm ri&jbygmd jokibxgqi jr xli fiixgmd- G xliri g ymbirx`gmxw gm

xli drjy~ `mh ~ij~ei `ri bjmyih `mh eji jby jr hgribxgjm% `c jr ` xgfi jyx xj hgby

`mh ~rjoeif jeqi-




== 98

f- 0797

Lirf`mo-0721h-07<7

@ebjljegb

Kjwbio- 0789

`bxgqigm ejbè

bjffymgxw

Rgryo-0780

Hgòixgb

f- 0710 - 0777 F`rwo-078?

Hjmmò-0749

@mmò-074?

Blrgo-0719

Imdgmiir

f-0771Lieimo-0717

HimxèLwdimgx

Fjeewo- 0772

Fgb`rrg`di0770Orixx

o- 07<4_ym`t`w

Dijrdio- 071<@oygqi

BgqgeRirqgbi

f- 07<4 h- 0778

K`riho-071<

K`jmo-071<

A`fgew Fifoir

Ymgjm

_ie`xgjmlg~

Fèi Aifèi Bimxrè irjm

^ridm`mbw

@ojrxgjmFgb`rrg`di

Hibiìh

Ajxir*@hj~xih blgeh

A @

Ar`xirmè Xtgm

Ghimxgbè Xtgm

f-079?F`rrgih

f-079? - 0710

Ri~`r`xihYmf`rgih

Bjy~ei

Hgqjrbihf- 0749 h- 07<>

f- 0749 h- 07<> f- 07<8

Fyexg~ei F`rrg`di

Qirw beji% yih

Beji

Bjmgbxyè

Hgx`mx

îj~ei tgxlgml`~i `ri tgxlgm`fi ljyiljeh

Ayih Bjmgbxyè

Byx j% ixr`mdih

R`f~ei Dimjdr`f A`fgew

Dimjdr`f Rwfoje

@ `f~ei dimjdr`f



X r ` g m g m d b l i h y e i O

99 55

Xr`gmgmd Rblihyei

^`rx O;

Fjhyei 0 ‒ Gmxrjhybxgjm xj Bjymieegmd ,? H`w'

H`w Jmi; Ymhirx`mhgmd fwie `mh jxlir

><l2> 0- 0 Gmxrjhybxgjm mh i|~ibx`xgjm 2> fgm

>7l>> 0- ? Drjy~&ryei 89 fgm

>7l89 0- 2 ^ri&fjhyei pyixgjmm`gri 2> fgm

0>l09 Xi` 09 fgm

0>l2> 0- 8 Fw ~irjmè `d 89 fgm

00l09 0- 9 Tlw G t`mx xj hj xlg bjyri 2> fgm

00l89 0- 1 Rie&x`xifimx mh Kjl`rg‗ Tgmhjt 1> fgm

0?l89 Eymbl 89 fgm

02l2> 0- 4 Hgbjqirgmd hgirimbi 9> fgm

08l?> 0- < Ori`xlgmd i|irbgi 0> fgm

08l2> 0- 7 Byexyrè imgxgqgxw 89 fgm

09l09 Xi` 09 fgm

09l2> 0-0> I|~e`gm blèeimdi 09 fgm

09l89 0-00 Blibc&jyx 2> fgm




== 91

H`w Xtj; Tl`x g bjymieegmd òjyx:

><l2> 0- ? Blibc gm mh riqgit blèeimdi 09 fgm

><l89 0- 2 @m i|~irgimbi j oigmd lie~ih 89 fgm

>7l2> 0- 8 ^yr~ji j bjymieegmd 2> fgm

0>l>> Xi` 09 fgm

0>l09 0- 9 Xli xlrii _‗ j bjymieegmd 2> fgm

0>l89 0- 1 Ixlgb mh qèyi j bjymieegmd 2> fgm

00l09 0-04 If~`xlw% wf~`xlw mh ghimxgb`xgjm 89 fgm

0?l>> 0-0< Rl`rgmd ~irjmè gmjrf`xgjm 2> fgm

0?l2> Eymbl 89 fgm

02l09 0- 07 RJEI_&F@^ 8> fgm

02l99 0- ?> Bjymieegmd r`fitjrc mh bjmxr`bxgmd 9> fgm

08l89 Xi` 09 fgm

09l>> 0- ?0 Bjymieegmd gm hgirimx bjmxi|x 2> fgm

09l2> 0- ?? ^jx&bjyri pyixgjmm`gri mh blèeimdi 09 fgm

09l89 Blibc&jyx mh qiroè iqèy`xgjm 2> fgm

Fjhyei ? ‒ ^rgf`rw Bjymieegmd Rcgee ,8 H`w'

H`w Xlrii; @ fjhie j bjymieegmd

><l2> ?- 0 Tiebjfi% i|~ibx`xgjm mh drjy~ ryei 2> fgm

>7l>> ?- ? ^ri&fjhyei pyixgjmm`gri 2> fgm

>7l2> ?- 2 _iqggjm j ciw ~jgmx jm bjymieegmd rjf fjhyei 0 1> fgm

0>l2> Xi` 09 fgm

0>l89 ?- 8 Dgqgmd mh ribigqgmd iiho`bc 2> fgm

00l09 ?- 9 @ fjhie j bjymieegmd 89 fgm

0?l>> ?- 1 Hgirimbi oixtiim oigmd bjymieejr mh rgimh 2> fgm

0?l2> Eymbl 89 fgm

02l09 ?- 4 Rxi~~gmd xjmi 49 fgm

08l2> Xi` 09 fgm

08l89 ?- < Egi&oj`x ,kyhdifimx' i|irbgi 1> fgm

09l89 ?- 7 I|~e`gm blèeimdi >9 fgm

09l9> ?-0> Blibc jyx ?9 fgm




94 55

H`w Ajyr; Lie~gmd begimx xiee xligr xjrgi ‒ egximgmd

><l2> ?-00 Blibc&gm riqgit blèeimdi 2> fgm

>7l>> ?- 0? Dyigmd mjm&qiroè iiegmd 2> fgm

>7l89 ?- 02 @bxgqi egximgmd 1> fgm

0>l2> Xi` 09 fgm

0>l89 ?- 08 Oejbc xj egximgmd 89 fgm

00l2> ?- 09 Ygmd geimbi iibxgqiew 89 fgm

0?l09 Eymbl 89 fgm

02l>> ?- 01 Rie&`t`rimi i|irbgi jm bj~gmd cgee 1> fgm

02l89 ?- 04 Egximgmd ‒ ―tl`x G li`rh wjy `w‖ 2> fgm

08l2> Xi` 09 fgm

08l89 ?- 0< Rxjrgi i|irbgi 1> fgm

09l89 ?- 07 I|~e`gm blèeimdi >9 fgm

09l9> ?- ?> Blibc jyx ?9 fgm

H`w Agqi; Lie~gmd begimx xiee xligr xjrgi ‒ ri~jmhgmd

><l2> ?- ?0 Blibc&gm mh riqgit blèeimdi 2> fgm

>7l>> ?- ?? Rie&`t`rimi i|irbgi jm ―oil`qgjyr bl`mdi‖ 89 fgm

>7l89 ?- ?2 Ifjxgjm b`rh 89 fgm

0>l2> Xi` 09 fgm

0>l89 ?- ?8 Aiiegmd rx 1> fgm

00l89 ?- ?9 If~`xlgb ri~jmhgmd 89 fgm

0?l2> Eymbl 89 fgm

02l09 ?- ?1 Aiiegmd rjei&~e`w 89 fgm

08l>> Xi` 09 fgm

08l09 ?- ?4 “Ljt G f`ci bljgbi‗ 2> fgm

08l89 ?- ?< Gmxidr`xgmd cgee ‒ ~iir ifimx 1> fgm

09l89 ?- ?7 I|~e`gm blèeimdi >9 fgm

09l9> ?-2> Blibc jyx ?9 fgm




== 9<

H`w Rg|; Lie~gmd begimx xiee xligr xjrgi ‒ i|~ejrgmd

><l2> ?-20 Blibc&gm mh riqgit blèeimdi 2> fgm

>7l>> ?- 2? Drjy~ cmjx 09 fgm

>7l09 ?- 22 I|~ejrgmd xlrjydl ~`r`~lr`gmd mh be`rgwgmd 1> fgm

0>l09 Xi` 09 fgm

0>l2> ?- 28 Gmxirrjd`xjr bxgqgxw ‒ i|~ejrgmd xlrjydl pyixgjmgmd 89 fgm

00l09 ?- 29 Fw xrimdxl mh ti`cmii 2> fgm

00l89 ?- 21 Rcgee xl`x lie~ mh jeyxgjm 89 fgm

0?l2> Eymbl 89 fgm

02l09 ?- 24 Ryff`rggmd cgee 1> fgm

08l09 ?- 2< Gmxidr`xgmd ee xli o`gb bjymieegmd cgee 89 fgm

09l>> Xi` 09 fgm

09l09 ?- 27 ^jx&fjhyei pyixgjmm`gri mh blèeimdi 2> fgm

09l89 ?- 8> Blibc jyx mh qiroè iqèy`xgjm 2> fgm

Fjhyei 2 ‒ Ribjmh`rw Bjymieegmd Rcgee ,8 H`w'

H`w Riqim; Lie~gmd begimx i|~ejri fjri hii~ew

><l2> 2-0 Tiebjfi% blibc&gm mh riqgit blèeimdi 2> fgm

>7l>> 2-? Gmxrjhybxgjm% drjymh&ryei% i|~ibx`xgjm 2> fgm

>7l2> 2-2 _iqgi bjymieegmd fjhie% RJEI_ F@^ 89 fgm

0>l09 2-8 ^ri&fjhyei pyixgjmm`gri 09 fgm

0>l2> Xi` 09 fgm

0>l89 2- 9 E`wir j iiegmd 2> fgm

00l09 2- 1 @hq`mbih if~`xlw 1> fgm

0?l09 2- 4 _iibxgjm j ~rjbi ,gffihg`bw' 89 fgm

02l>> Eymbl 89 fgm

02l89 2- < J~im q- bejih pyixgjm 89 fgm

08l2> Xi` 09 fgm

08l89 2- 7 Oibjfgmd fjri ~ibgb 1> fgm

09l89 2- 0> I|~e`gm blèeimdi >9 fgm

09l9> 2-00 Blibc jyx ?9 fgm




97 55

H`w Igdlx; Lie~gmd begimx f`ci ` ~e`m

><l2> 2- 0? Blibc&gm mh riqgit blèeimdi 2> fgm

>7l>> 2- 02 Xlgmc o`bc xj xgfi tlim blèeimdih ‡ 2> fgm

>7l2> 2- 08 Blèeimdgmd rjei&~e`w 1> fgm

0>l09 Xi` 09 fgm

0>l2> 2- 09 ^rjoeif jeqgmd 2> fgm

00l09 2- 01 Xli xr`b egdlx fjhie 89 fgm

0?l>> 2- 04 Rjeyxgjm mhgmd 89 fgm

0?l89 Eymbl 89 fgm

02l2> 2- 0< ^rjoeif jeqgmd mh jeyxgjm&jbyih pyixgjmgmd 2> fgm

08l>> 2- 07 ^rjoeif jeqgmd rjei&~e`w 1> fgm

09l>> 2- ?> Xli rjei j “jxlir‗ gm ~rjoeif jeqgmd 2> fgm

09l2> 2-?0 I|~e`gm blèeimdi >9 fgm

09l9> 2-?? Blibc jyx ?9 fgm

H`w Mgmi; Bjymieegmd blèeimdi

><l2> 2-?2 Blibc&gm mh riqgit blèeimdi 2> fgm

>7l>> 2-?8 Bjmhimxgègxw 1> fgm

0>l>> 2- ?9 _iqgitgmd cgee 2> fgm

0>l2> Xi` 09 fgm

0>l89 2-?1 Imhgmd cgee 2> fgm

00l09 2-?4 Rgfye`xih bjymieegmd igjm mh ~iir iqèy`xgjm 1> fgm

0?l09 Eymbl 89 fgm

02l>> 2- ?< Brgg f`m`difimx mh igmd ygbghi 89 fgm

02l89 2- ?7 Tlim xj riir 89 fgm

08l2> Xi` 09 fgm

08l89 2- 2> Fw ifjxgjmè oyxxjm 1> fgm

09l89 2- 20 I|~e`gm blèeimdi >9 fgm

09l9> 2-2? Blibc jyx ?9 fgm




== 1>

H`w Xim; Imhgmd

><l2> 2- 22 Blibc&gm mh riqgit blèeimdi 2> fgm

>7l>> 2- 28 Bjymieegmd ~jxir 89 fgm

>7l89 2- 29 _iqggjm j bjymieegmd fjhie mh ~~rj`bli 2> fgm

0>l09 Xi` 09 fgm

0>l2> 2- 21 X cgmd b`ri j wjyrie mh ~riqimxgmd oyrmjyx 89 fgm

00l09 2- 24 Rxri f`m`difimx 2> fgm

00l89 2- 2< Ry~irqggjm mh fimxjrgmd% ribjrh&cii~gmd 1> fgm

0?l89 Eymbl 89 fgm

02l2> 2- 27 Gmxidr`xgmd mit cgee gm xli jrd`mg`xgjm 2> fgm

08l>> 2- 8> ^jgxgqi iiho`bc `m 1> fgm

09l>> 2- 80 ^jx&fjhyei pyixgjmm`gri 2> fgm

09l2> 2- 8? Blibc&jyx% iqèy`xgjm mh blèeimdi 2> fgm



H ` g e w B l ` e e i m d i B

10 55

H`w Jmi X ec xj 2 ~ij~ei òjyx tl`x xliw xlgmc bjymieegmd g-

X ci mjxi `mh orgmd xjfjrrjt-

H`w Xtj

Bljji `m jokibx xl`x ri~riimx xli cgmh j bjymieejr wjy t`mx xj oi- Trgxi

mjxi `mh orgmd xjfjrrjt-

,Gmbeyhi gm ~`rxgbg~`mx‗ ~jrxjegj `mh bjmyex jr ìfimx ~yr~ji g miihih'

H`w Xlrii

_i`h xli Fjhie j bjymieegmd mjxi mh `~~ew xj xli bì&xyhw-

,Fyexg~ei bljgbi pyixgjm'

H`w Ajyr

Joirqi ~ij~ei‗ mjm&qiroè ojhw e`mdy`di `rjymh wjy `mh hjbyfimx 2 bì&

xyhgi-


H`w Agqi Bjf~eixi Ghimxgw xli iiegmd trgxxim `bxgqgxw `mh orgmd xjfjrrjt-

H`gew Blèeimdi

^`rx B;



` b g e g x ` x j r ‗ f ` m y ` e b j y m i e e g m d x l i j r w ` m h ~ r ` b x g b i g m j y x l ` r g b ` ` b g e g x ` x j r ‗ f ` m y ` e

== 1?

H`w Rg|Tlim xècgmd xj ~ij~ei ~r`bxgi yff`rggmd cgee `mh cii~ mjxi-


H`w Riqim Agee gm Pyixgjmgmd cgee gm bjymieegmd bxgqgxw-

H`w Igdlx _i`h xli bì&xyhgi- Bljji jmi `mh jrfye`xi ~jgoei jeyxgjm&jbyih

pyixgjm xl`x wjy bjyeh yi gm lie~gmd xli gmhgqghyè hhri xligr ~rjoeif-

H`w Mgmi Ajrfye`xi egx j ejbè y~~jrx rijyrbi mh riirrè jrd`mg xgjm-

H`w Xim

Ayrxlir wjyr bjymieegmd cmjteihdi ow ri`hgmd ojjc `mh rxgbei-

,Egx j ri`hgmd f`xirgè ~rjqghih'



F j h y e i j m i ; G m x r j h y b x g j m x j b j y m i e e g m d H

12 55

Fjhyei Jmi

^`rx H;

Gmxrjhybxgjm xj bjymieegmd@ mjxih gm xli gmxrjhybxgjm% xlg g ` ?&h`w Fjhyei tlgbl ipyg~ gmhgqghyè tgxl ` o`gb

ymhirx`mhgmd j xli himgxgjm% ~rgmbg~ei `mh qèyi j bjymieegmd3 `mh ~rjqghi `m gmxrj&

hybxgjm xj xli o`gb j ixxgmd y~ ` bjymieegmd rie`xgjmlg~- Xli Fjhyei g èj bimxrih

jm ie&`t`rimi `mh hiqiej~gmd `m `t`rimi j hgqirgxw- Xlii `ri gmxidrè gm oygehgmd `

jymh`xgjm% jr ~ri~`rgmd jr bjymieegmd-

Xli Fjhyei l` oiim trgxxim j xl`x gx b`m oi yih tgxl drjy~ tlj f`w mjx dj jm xj bjf&

~eixi Fjhyei ? mh 2% oyx tlj miih m ymhirx`mhgmd j xli o`gb ~~rj`bl xj bjymieegmd

tlgbl g yih gm Rjyxl @rgb` mh xli r`xgjmèi jr xlg ~~rj`bl- Ajr i|`f~ei% gx bjyeh oi yih

xj xr`gm lièxl&b`ri ~rjigjmè ybl ` hjbxjr `mh myri jm xli qèyi `mh gf~jrx`mbi j

bjymieegmd j xl`x xliw ymhirx`mh xli rjei j xli bjymieejr xliw igxlir gmxir`bx tgxl jr

f`m`di- Gm xlg t`w% gx g lj~ih xl`x bjymieejr tgee oi èejtih xj yee xligr rjei tgxl xli

y~~jrx j xligr bjeei`dyi- Bjymieegmd g jxim fgymhirxjjh ,gx g jxim iim gf~ew l`q&

gmd ` bjmqir`xgjm tgxl ` begimx' jr gx cgee `ri ymhir~e`wih ,gx g jxim oiegiqih `mwjmi b`m

bjymie iqim g xliw l`qi l`h qirw egxxei xr`gmgmd `mh xl`x mj ~ibgè cgee `ri ripygrih'-

Xli Fjhyei ej i|~ejri tlw `m gmhgqghyè tjyeh t`mx xj oi ` bjymieejr ‒ xlg g ` qèyòei

`mh brybgè f`xxir xj hgby j xl`x ymriègxgb i|~ibx`xgjm b`m oi hièx tgxl mh ymi|~ejrih

jr ymrijeqih hwm`fgb j~imih y~ `mh `bcmjteihdih- Rjfi gmhgqghyè imxir bjymieegmd

oib`yi xliw l`qi m ymbjmbgjy miih xj tjrc jm xligr jtm gyi- Xlg g mjx trjmd ~ir i%

oyx gx g gf~jrx`mx xl`x ` ~jximxgè bjymieejr l` l`h `m j~~jrxymgxw xj tjrc xlrjydl xlii

gyi j xl`x begimx hj mjx% gm iibx% oibjfi% xli qilgbei jr xli bjymieejr‗ miih!

Xli Fjhyei imh tgxl ` ejjc x ixxgmd y~ `mh ~ri~`rgmd jr bjymieegmd j xl`x ` ~`rxgbg~`mx

tlj l` ybbiyeew bjf~eixih xlg Fjhyei tgee ymhirx`mh tl`x miih xj oi gm ~e`bi jr i&

ibxgqi bjymieegmd xj l`~~im- Xlg gmbeyhi xli o`gb j xximhgmd mh joirqgmd cgee% cgee

tlgbl tgee eejt xli bjymieejr xj oibjfi fjri iibxgqi bjffymgb`xjr mh egximir-




== 18

H`w jmi; ymhirx`mhgmd fwiea `mhjxlir

@bxgqgxw 0-0

Gmxrjhybxgjm `mh i|~ibx`xgjm

Mjxi; Gm xlii oejbc% wjy tgee mh q`rgjy lgmx% xg~ `mh mjxi% tlgbl dgqi

fjri hix`geih i|~e`m`xgjm j xli cgee `mh bjmbi~x oigmd ~riimxih

Ryddixih fixljh;

@c i`bl ~`rxgbg~`mx xj mh ` ~`rxmir xliw hj mjx cmjt tiee-0-

@c xlif xj hgby;?-

xligr m`fi `mh gx fi`mgmd*ljt xliw b`fi xj l`qi gxu

tliri xliw bjfi rjfu

tliri xliw tjrc `mh tl`x xligr byrrimx tjrc rjei gu

tl`x xligr `qjyrgxi jjh g-u

Xlim gmqgxi i`bl ~`gr xj gmxrjhybi i`bl jxlir xj xli drjy~ `mh `bgegx`xjr- Xli2-

`bgegx`xjr ljyeh xlim gmxrjhybi lgf*lirie-

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj l`ri xligr i|~ibx`xgjm j xlg bjyri gm xli drjy~-8-

Egx i|~ibx`xgjm jm ` g~bl`rx `mh hgby-9-

_jymh&rjogm gmxrjhyb&

xgjm mh hgbygjm j

i|~ibx`xgjm

^`rxgbg~`mx oibjfiu

oixxir `bpy`gmxih

tgxl i`bl jxlir

I|~ibx`xgjm j xliu

bjyri ri hgbyih-

2> fgmyxi

Aeg~bl`rx ~`~ir

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi





19 55

@bxgqgxw 0-?

Drjy~ ryei

Ryddixih fixljh;

@c xli drjy~ xj or`gmxjrf ` egx j mjrf `mh ryei xl`x tjyeh iml`mbi ei`rm&0-

gmd gm xli drjy~ mh bri`xi ì% drjy~&rgimhew ~`bi jr ~`rxgbg~`mx-

Dix iiho`bc rjf drjy~ fifoir `mh egx xlii jm ` ~gibi j g~bl`rx ~`~ir-?-

Rxgbc xli g~bl`rx ~`~ir jm xli o`bc tèe j xli xr`gmgmd rjjf jr yxyri riir&2-

imbi-

Drjy~ hgbygjm

Xj eejt xli drjy~u

xj ixòegl ` ix j

drjymh ryei `mh `

midjxg`xih r`fi&

tjrc jr iibxgqi

drjy~ tjrc `mh

ei`rmgmd-

Xj bri`xi ` ì ~`biu

89 fgmyxi

Aeg~bl`rx ~`~ir

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi

A`bgegx`xjr‗

f`xirgè




== 11

D_JY^ _YEIR

Wjy tgee oi tjrcgmd gm drjy~ jr fybl j xlg bjyri- Tjrcgmd gm drjy~ dgqi wjy ` bl`mbi

xj ei`rm fjri òjyx wjyrie `mh jxlir `mh ljt wjy gmxir`bx ‒ tlgbl g tl`x bjymieegmd g

iimxgèew ojyx!

Bjmhimxgègxw

îrjmè gmjrf`xgjm xl`x g hgbyih gm xli drjy~ ljyeh rif`gm gm xli drjy~- G wjy

tjyeh egci xj xiee wjyr `fgew jr rgimh òjyx wjyr i|~irgimbi gm xli drjy~% imyri xl`x

wjy hjm‗x fimxgjm mw m`fi jr ghimxgwgmd bl`r`bxirgxgb-

Qjeymx`rw ~`rxgbg~`xgjm mh hgribx bjffymgb xgjm

Miqir ~riyrgi `mwjmi xj hj jr `w `mwxlgmd g xliw hjm‗x t`mx xj- @ej% wjy hjm‗x l`qi

xj iie ~riyrgih xj x`ci ~`rx gm bxgqgxgi g wjy hjm‗x iie bjfjrxòei- Imd`di gm iib&

xgqi iiho`bc ‒ xiee jxlir ljt tl`x xliw `w jr hj f`ci wjy iie-

Djjh f`mmir

Ajr `mw gmxir`bxgjm xj x`ci ~e`bi iibxgqiew xliri l` xj oi ` jymh`xgjm j o`gb ryei

`mh dimirè djjh f`mmir- Eix jmi ~irjm ~i`c `x ` xgfi `mh hjm‗x x`rx yodrjy~-

G wjy b`m‗x li`r% iie ojrih jr xgrih3 eix wjyr drjy~ `mh xr`gmir cmjt- Rtgxbl biee ~ljmi

j hyrgmd xr`gmgmd% jr eix xli drjy~ mh xr`gmir cmjt g wjy ri i|~ibxgmd m yrdimx bèe-

F`m`di wjyr xgfi tiee ow `rrgqgmd jm xgfi jr igjm `mh `xir ori`c!

_i~ibx jxlir j~gmgjm% qèyi `mh aiiegmd% `mh oi j~im xj mit

ghi`

îj~ei hgir gm xligr oiegi% qèyi `mh j~gmgjm% `mh xl`x g tl`x f`ci tjrcgmd tgxl

~ij~ei i|bgxgmd `mh blèeimdgmd- Oigmd ri~ibxye j jxlir ~ij~ei‗ qèyi `mh oiegi

hji mjx fi`m wjy l`qi xj bl`mdi wjyr jtm qgit `mh j~gmgjm- Hgbrgfgm`xgjm `mh

~rikyhgbi g bjymxir~rjhybxgqi xj ei`rmgmd `mh g hixrybxgqi gm `mw gmxir`bxgjm% i~i&

bgèew xli bjymieegmd rie`xgjmlg~-

L`qi AYM

Imkjw xli drjy~ i|~irgimbi `mh ~`rxgbg~`xi ` fybl ` ~jgoei- ^r`bxgi xli mit cgee

wjy tgee oi x`ydlx `mh riibx jm tl`x wjy f`w l`qi d`gmih rjf i`bl h`w-




14 55

@bxgqgxw 0-2

^ri&Fjhyei pyixgjmm`gri

Ryddixih fixljh;

L`mh jyx ` bj~w j xli0- ^ri&Fjhyei pyixgjmm`gri xj i`bl ~`rxgbg~`mx-

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj `mtir xli fyexg~ei&bljgbi pyixgjmm`gri oìh jm xligr?- byr&

rimx dimirè cmjteihdi j xli xj~gb-

^`rxgbg~`mx ljyeh mjx riir xj xligr f`myè xj mtir pyixgjm jr hgby m&2-

tir tgxl jxlir ~`rxgbg~`mx-

Gmjrf ~`rxgbg~`mx xl`x `x xli imh j xli Fjhyei% xliw tgee `mtir xli `fi8-

pyixgjmm`gri jr ie&iqèy`xgjm mh bjyri iqèy`xgjm ~yr~ji-

Bjeeibx pyixgjmm`gri mh cii~ gm ~`rxgbg~`mx‗ ~jrxjegj-9-

Gmhgqghyè iqèy`xgjm

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi byrrimx cmjte&

ihdi jm `~ibx j

xlg Fjhyei-

Xlg `fi pyixgjm&u

m`gri tgee oi ri~i`xih

`x xli imh j xli

Fjhyei jr iqèy`xgqi

~yr~ji-

2> fgmyxi

Bj~gi j ^ri&Fjhyei

pyixgjmm`gri0% ? jr 2-

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi





== 1<

^ri * ^jx&Fjhyei Pyixgjmm`gri ‒ 0

êiì bgrbei xli eixxir xl`x wjy xlgmc fjx ~~rj~rg`xiew mtir xli pyixgjm-

@ bjymieejr ~ri~`ri jr bjymieegmd ow rxew;0-

Agmhgmd bjfjrxòei% ~rgq`xi jbi`-

Imd`dgmd gm ie&`t`rimi mh jxlir t`rimio-

Ejjcgmd jr ~jximxgè begimxb-

_i`hgmd y~ jm ljt xj hj bjymieegmd-h-

?- Gx g gf~jrx`mx xj cmjt ljt ti xèc xj jyrieqi ` bjymieejr% oijri ti b`m xèc

xj jxlir;

Wi`-

Mj-o-

@ bjymieejr tlj g mjx ie&`t`ri f`w;2-

oibjfi ifjxgjmèew oyrmx jyxh-

bjmyi ~rjigjmè mh jbgè ojymh`rgi`-

mjx iibxgqiew lie~ xli begimxo-

èe j xli òjqi-b-

Xli ri~jmgogegxw jr bl`mdi `mh drjtxl gm bjymieegmd rif`gm tgxl;8-

xli bjymieejr`-

xli begimxo-

xli begimx `mh xli bjymieejrb-

xli begimx‗ y~~jrx xrybxyri-h-

Bjymieegmd g ojyx;9-

lie~gmd jfijmi gm xrjyoei`-

bri`xgmd ` ì ~`bi tliri ` begimx b`m i|~ejri lg * lir ~rjoeifo-

dgqgmd djjh hqgbi xj jfijmi i|~irgimbgmd ~rjoeifb-

èe j xli òjqi-h-




17 55

1- @m ghiè bjymieejr;

l` ` djjh imi j lyfjyr`-

g bjmhimxo-

g t`rf `mh `~~rj`blòeib-

èe j xli òjqi-h-

4- Xlrii ~rgmbg~ei `mh qèyi xl`x ri fjx gf~jrx`mx gm bjymieegmd ri;

oigmd riè% ri~jmgqi `mh ri~ibxye`-

oigmd ibrixgqi% tgi `mh f`xyrio-


oigmd bjmbirmih% ejwè `mh rgimhew-h-

<- If~`xlw fi`m;






bjmhimxgègxw`-



èe j xli òjqi-h-

0>- @ bjymieejr fyx f`gmx`gm bjmhimxgègxw;

`x èe xgfi`-



,o' `mh ,b'-h-




== 4>

^ri*~jx&fjhyei pyixgjmm`gri 0 ‒fjhie `mtir

,o'0-

,`'?-

,h'2-

,`'8-

,o'9-

,h'1-

,`'4-

,h'<-

,h'7-

,h'0>-




40 55

@bxgqgxw 0-8

Fw ~irjmè `d

Ryddixih fixljh;

^rjkibx eghi jr l`md y~ ~jxir j xli `d-0-

L`mh jyx jyxegmi hr`tgmd j xli `d xj i`bl ~`rxgbg~`mx-?-

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj ee gm xligr `mtir xj i`bl pyixgjm oiejt% tgxl xli rieiq`mx2-

`mtir jr i`bl bjejyr j xli `d-

Oe`bc ; Tl`x ~`rx j fi hj G lghi rjf jxlir:

_ih; Tl`x `f G ~`gjm`xi òjyx:

Driim; Tl`x gmyimbih fi fjx ` G drit y~:

Oeyi; Tl`x g fw fjx gf~jrx`mx f`xirgè ~jigjm:

Wieejt; Tl`x `blgiqifimx f G fjx ~rjyh j:

Tlgxi; Tl`x orgmd fi ~i`bi:

Gm xli e`rdi drjy~ `c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj l`ri `mh i|~e`gm xligr `mtir tgxl xli8-

drjy~-

G xliri g xgfi% xli `bgegx`xjr b`m i|~ejri q`rgjy `~ibx j xli `d% i-d-;9-

G wjyr `d wgmd lgdl jr iqirwjmi xj ii:u

G gx rjeeih y~ `mh ci~x lghhim:u

@ri wjy ~rjyh j wjyr `d:u

Hji wjyr `d bl`mdi jqir xgfi:u

Rie&`t`rimi i|irbgi

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi ymhirx`mh&

gmd j xli miih jr

gmbriìh ie&`t`ri&

mi gm xli bjmxi|x

j bjffymgb`xgjm*

bjymieegmd-

^`rxgbg~`mx ei`rmu

fjri òjyx i`bl

jxlir `mh oygeh xryx-

A`bgegx`xjr ei`rmu

fjri òjyx ~`rxgbg&

~`mx-

1> fgmyxi

Jyxegmi j `d jru

l`mhjyx

^jxir jr ^jtir&u

~jgmx geeyxr`xgjm j

bjejyrih `d xj yi

` hifjmxr`xgjm

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi





== 4?

0- Oe`bc; Tl`x ~`rx j fi hj G lghi:

?- _ih; Tl`x `f G ~`gjm`xi òjyx:

2- Driim; Tl`x gmyimbih fi fjx ` G drit y~:

8- Oeyi; Tl`x g fw fjx gf~jrx`mx f`xirgè ~jigjm:

9- Wieejt; Tl`x `blgiqifimx `f G fjx ~rjyh j:

1- Tlgxi; Tl`x orgmd fi ~i`bi:




42 55

Oygehgmd @ Bjymieegmd Ajymh`xgjm‒ @t`rimi ja Riea `mh Jxlir

Oijri bjymieegmd b`m oidgm% ` jegh jymh`xgjm miih xj oi oygex- Xlg hjim‗x kyx riir xj xli

egxirè oygehgmd `mh e`wjyx j tliri xli bjymieegmd tgee x`ci ~e`bi% oyx r`xlir xj xli ~ri~`r`&

xgjm j xli ~irjm oibjfgmd bjymieejr- Bjymieejr b`m ~ri~`ri xlifieqi ow hiqiej~gmd

xligr ie&`t`rimi mh t`rimi j jxlir-

0' @t`rimi ja JXLI_R

Bjymieegmd g f`gmew ojyx xli gmxir`bxgjm oixtiim bjymieejr mh ~irjm iicgmd bjym&

ieegmd- Gx g xlirijri% èj gf~jrx`mx xl`x xli bjymieejr l` `m `t`rimi j hgqirgxw `mh g

j~im xj i|~ejrgmd hgirimbi `mh gfge`rgxgi `fjmdx ~ij~ei j hgirimx byexyri% oiegi

`mh o`bcdrjymh- Xlg tgee lie~ xli bjymieejr xj ymhirx`mh xli ~irjm oixxir mh xj bjmqiw

`m xfj~liri j bbi~x`mbi-

Gm ` fyexgbyexyrè bjymxrw egci Rjyxl @rgb`% `t`rimi `mh ri~ibx j xli q`rgjy byexyri%

e`mdy`di mh oiegi j jxlir g gf~jrx`mx gm ~riqimxgmd ~rikyhgbi% og` mh hgbrgfgm`xgjm%

èe j tlgbl `ri hixrybxgqi gm xli bjymieegmd rie`xgjmlg~-

?' @t`rimi ja RIEA

Bjymieegmd g ` ~ibgè kjo xl`x ripygri xl`x xli bjymieejr cmjt lg*lir jtm xrimdxl%

egfgx`xgjm `mh bl`r`bxirgxgb3 `mh g `t`ri j ljt xlii xr`gx l`qi `m gf~`bx jm jxlir- Ajr

gmx`mbi% jfijmi tlj l` ljrx xif~ir f`w iif ym`~~rj`blòei xj jxlir% jr jfijmi

tgxl ` m`xyrèew ejyh qjgbi f`w l`qi ` mid`xgqi gf~`bx jm xli begimx gm bjymieegmd-

Xliri `ri ej f`mw ri`jm tlw ti t`mx xj xèc xj jxlir ~ij~ei ojyx xligr ~rjoeif- Ljt&

iqir% gx g qirw gf~jrx`mx xl`x ti xrw xj egxim xj ljt ti xèc xj jyrieqi òjyx jyr jtm ~rjo&

eif% oijri ti qimxyri xj hj bjymieegmd- Xli ri`jm tlw gx g gf~jrx`mx xj ymhirx`mh

jyrieqi g oib`yi xli t`w ti xèc xj jyrieqi% g jxim mjx hgirimx rjf xli t`w ti xèc

xj jxlir-




== 48

2' TLW fyx G oi `t`ri ja fwiea `mh jxlir:

@ bjymieejr jr gmhgqghyè tlj g j~im xj ie&i|`fgm`xgjm mh ie&ymhirx`mhgmd g jxim m

iibxgqi ~rjoeif jeqir gm lg*lir jtm egi- @ bjymieejr gm hgxri ,èj jfixgfi riirrih

xj ―tjymhih lièir‖' g jxim ymòei xj iibxgqiew `bgegx`xi bjymieegmd- Djjh ie&gmgdlx

`mh ridye`r fimxjrgmd imyri xl`x ` bjymieejr g ifjxgjmèew lièxlw `mh xly òei xj i&

ibxgqiew bjymie jxlir-

_iibxgmd jm jyr jtm bl`r`bxirgxgb `mh i|~ejrgmd jyr jtm xrjmd `mh ti`c ~jgmx g mjx

i`w% `mh f`w iie ymbjfjrxòei- Rjfixgfi% jmi j xli ri`jm ti bljji xj hj bjymie&

egmd g xj lgx xli jby `t`w rjf jyrieqi% jmxj jxlir `mh jxlir‗ ~rjoeif- Ljtiqir% g

ti `ri mjx bjfjrxòei tgxl xli ~rjbi j ie&`t`rimi% ti bjyeh rym xli rgc j oyrmjyx

jr oeyrrgmd ojymh`rgi% oib`yi ti f`w mjx oi `t`ri j jyr egfgx`xgjm jr “jx ~jx‗- @ej% `

bjymieejr tlj g t`ri j lg*lir xrimdxl g fjri egciew xj oi fjri bjmhimx ojyx lg*lir

ògegxgi bjymieejr-




49 55

Hyrgmd xlg bjyri% ti ri djgmd xj imd`di gm q`rgjy ie&`t`rimi bxgqgxgi- _ififoir%

xl`x wjy `ri mjx ~riyrgih xj riqiè `mw ~`rx j wjyrie xl`x wjy hjm‗x iie bjfjrxòei

l`rgmd gm xli drjy~- Ljtiqir% xj oi `m iibxgqi bjymieejr% jmi miih xj oi ie&`t`ri

`mh bjfjrxòei tgxl jmi‗ xrjmd `mh ti`c ~jgmx ‒ j ~`rxgbg~`xi ` fybl ` ~jgoei

gm dixxgmd xj cmjt wjyrie `mh jxlir oixxir% gm wjyr kjyrmiw xj oibjfgmd `m iibxgqi

bjymieejr mh gmhgqghyè-

I|~e`m`xgjm ja iea&`t`rimi

Xliri `ri xlrii {jmi j `t`rimi-

0- @t`rimi ja xli i|xirmè tjreh

Xlg riir xj iqimx gm xli ~riimx `mh jyr imjrw bjmx`bx tgxl jxlir- Ti bjeeibx gm&

jrf`xgjm xlrjydl jyr qi imi; gdlx% li`rgmd% fiee% xjybl `mh x`xi- Ti ieibx% jr&

d`mgi `mh gmxir~rix xli h`x` `bbjrhgmd xj jyr jtm r`fi j riirimbi% jyr miih% jyr

i|~irgimbi% ixb- Ti xlim bljji xj ri~jmh gm ` ~ibgb t`w-

?- @t`rimi ja jyr gmxirmè tjreh

Xlg riir xj jyr gmmir i|~irgimbi gm xli ~riimx% `mh tl`x ti `ri iiegmd ~lwgbèew

`mh ifjxgjmèew- @ jyr jtm ie&`t`rimi ligdlxim ti oibjfi fjri gm xjybl tgxl

jyr jtm iiegmd% yexgf`xiew èejtgmd y xj l`qi ` dri`xir imi j ymhirx`mhgmd òjyx

tl`x xli jxlir ~irjm fgdlx oi i|~irgimbgmd-




== 41

Jyr ie&bjmbi~x g ~`rx j jyr `t`rimi j jyr gmxirmè tjreh `mh gmyimbi;

xli t`w ti ii jyrieqiØ

xli t`w ti oil`qiØ

xli t`w xl`x ti ri~jmh xj xli oil`qgjyr j jxlir-Ø

Jyr ie&bjmbi~x g l`~ih ow ~irjmè `mh imqgrjmfimx e `bxjr ybl `;

~irjmègxw `bxjr ,i-d- lw'Ø

~irjmè bgrbyfx`mbi ,rie`xgjmlg~% `fgew% ~jigjm% ixb-'Ø

i|~irgimbi ,egi‗ iqimx% i-d- xr`yf`xgb i|~irgimbi ybl ` r`~i jr brgfi'Ø

byexyrè `mh ~grgxyè oiegi ,`gxl `mh ~r`bxgbi'Ø

jbgè bjmxi|x ,be`% migdlojyrljjh% i-d- xjtmlg~% yoyro'-Ø

Egmcih xj xli ghi` j ie&bjmbi~x g xli mjxgjm j ie&ixiif- @m gmhgqghyè tgxl djjh

ie&ixiif qèyi xlifieqi `mh l` bjmhimbi gm xligr ògegxgi xj m`qgd`xi egi‗ y~

`mh hjtm- Rjfijmi tgxl ejt ie&ixiif f`w miih xli `~~rjqè j jxlir jr bjm&

x`mxew hjyox xligr jtm ògegxgi- Bjymieejr miih xj tjrc jm xligr ie&ixiif ` xliwmiih xj oi òei xj bjmx`gm ` begimx‗ `m|gixgi `mh bjmhimxew yi xli cgee xliw `ri

xr`gmih gm-

2- @t`rimi ja gf`di mh iqimx xl`x hj mjx i|gx gm jyr ~riimx

jmdjgmd riègxw

Xlg riir xj jyr `t`rimi j jyr `mx`w tjreh `mh bjyeh gmbeyhi gf`dgmgmd% dyigmd%

xlgmcgmd% rififoirgmd xli ~`x% mxgbg~`xgmd xli yxyri% ixb-




44 55

@bxgqgxw 0-9

Tlw G t`mx xj hj xlg bjyri

Ryddixih fixljh;

I|~e`gm xl`x ti x`ci y~ bjymieegmd jr hgirimx ri`jm-0-

Hgqghi ~`rxgbg~`mx gm ~`gr `mh imbjyr`di xlif xj hgby xligr ri`jm jr?-

t`mxgmd xj hj xlg bjyri mh oibjfi bjymieejr-

Gm e`rdi drjy~% hgby jm ` dimirè eiqie ri`jm tlw ~ij~ei t`mx xj oibjfi2-

bjymieejr mh xligr ~jgoei gf~`bx jm bjymieegmd-

^`grih hgbygjm

^`rxgbg~`mx hif&u

jmxr`xi gmgdlx gmxj

xligr fjxgq`xgjm jr

hjgmd xlg bjyri-

2> fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi





== 4<

Rie&`t`rimi gmhgqghyè

`bxgqgxw

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi t`rimi j

ljt jxlir ~irbigqixlif-

1> fgmyxi

Bj~gi j Rie&x`xifimx

`mh Kjl`rg‗ Tgmhjt

@bxgqgxw 0-1

Riea&x`xifimx `mh Kjl`rg‗ Tgmhjt

Ryddixih fixljh;

L`mh jyx bj~gi j xli tjrcliix0- Rie&x`xifimx `mh Kjl`rg‗ Tgmhjt xj i`bl

~`rxgbg~`mx-

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj xgbc xli ie&x`xifimx xl`x xliw iie rie`xi fjxew xj xlif&?-

ieqi-

Xli ie&x`xifimx tlgbl xliw xgbcih ljyeh xlim oi trgxxim gmxj xli rx bje&2-

yfm j Kjl`rg‗ Tgmhjt% g-i- ie&x`xifimx jr `~ibx j ie xl`x `ri cmjtm xj

fi `mh cmjtm xj jxlir% `mh `~ibx j ie xl`x `ri cmjtm xj fi oyx mjx cmjtm

xj jxlir-

Gm xli e`rdi drjy~% hgby xli `bxgqgxw gm dimirè ‒ xli `bgegx`xjr ljyeh èj `c 8-

~`rxgbg~`mx xj hgby xli gdmgb`mbi j xli jxlir xtj tgmhjt j xli Kjl`rg

hg`dr`f ,`~ibx j ie ymcmjtm xj fi oyx cmjtm xj jxlir `mh `~ibx j ie

ymcmjtm xj fi `mh jxlir'-

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi

A`bgegx`xjr‗

f`xirgè






== <>

Kjl`rg‗ Tgmhjt

Agee gm xli jeejtgmd xòei-

@RÎBXR JA RIEA CMJTM

XJ FI

@RÎBXR JA RIEA MJX

CMJTM XJ FI

@RÎBXR JA RIEA

CMJTM XJ JXLI_R

@RÎBXR JA RIEA

MJX CMJTM XJ

JXLI_R




<0 55

@bxgqgxw 0-4

Hgbjqirgmd hgaairimbi

Ryddixih fixljh;

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj xlgmc òjyx xli rx xgfi xliw rififoir iiegmd hgirimx0-

,oìh jm `di% dimhir% r`bi% i|yè jrgimx`xgjm% riegdgjm% byexyri% jbgè x`xy%

ihyb`xgjm eiqie% e`mdy`di jr ixlmgbgxw'- Tl`x l`~~imih% ljt hgh gx iie% tl`x

tiri xli bjmipyimbi:

Xli `bgegx`xjr b`m dgqi `m i|`f~ei rjf lg*lir jtm egi i|~irgimbi-?-

Gm ~`gr% ~`rxgbg~`mx l`ri xligr i|~irgimbi-2-

Gm xli e`rdi drjy~% x`ci jfi iiho`bc rjf xlji tlj iie bjfjrxòei l`rgmd-8-

_iibx jm ljt hgirimbi b`m oi ~irbigqih gm ` ~jgxgqi `mh mid`xgqi egdlx `mh

ljt jmi‗ rx i|~irgimbi j hgirimbi b`m l`~i ljt jmi qgit hgirimbi `

`m `hyex-

Xèc òjyx xli gf~`bx j hgirimbi gm bjymieegmd `mh hgby ljt ` bjymieejr9-

fgdlx tjrc tgxl hgirimbi;

~yx `ghi jtm r`fi j riirimbiu

imxir gmxj begimx‗ tjrehu

i|~ejri hgirimbi j~imew mh imgxgqiewu

rif`gm byrgjy oyx mjx gmxrygqiu

^`grih hgbygjm

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi ymhirx`mhgmd

j hgqirgxw `mh xli

f`mw t`w ~ij~eib`m iie hgirimx-

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi t`rimi j

ie mh jxlir-

^`rxgbg~`mx hif&u

jmxr`xi t`rimi

j ljt ` bjymieejr

fgdlx tjrc tgxl hg&

irimbi-

9> fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi





== <?

@bxgqgxw 0-<

Ori`xlgmd i|irbgi

Ryddixih fixljh;

Gmxrybx ~`rxgbg~`mx xj gx gm ` bjfjrxòei ~jgxgjm tgxl `rf rie`|ih `x xligr0-

ghi% ori`xlgmd mjrfèew-

Beji eix mjxrge tgxl eix gmhi| mdir mh ejtew ori`xli gm xj xli bjymx j iqim?-

,`bgegx`xjr bjymx èjyh'- Ljeh ori`xl jr ` bjymx j iqim-

Beji rgdlx mjxrge tgxl rgdlx gmhi| mdir `mh ejtew ori`xli gm xj xli bjymx j 2-

iqim ,`bgegx`xjr bjymx èjyh'- Ljeh ori`xl jr ` bjymx j iqim-

_i~i`x xtgbi jm i`bl ghi-8-

Hgby ljt ~ij~ei `ri iiegmd-9-

Rxri rihybir

^`rxgbg~`mx iieu

rie`|ih-

^`rxgbg~`mx ei`rmu

òjyx ` xri

rihybgmd xjje tlgbl

xliw b`m xi`bl xligr

begimx-

0> fgmyxi

mjmi

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi





<2 55

@bxgqgxw 0-7

Byexyrè imgxgqgxw

Ryddixih fixljh;

Hgqghi ~`rxgbg~`mx gmxj jyr drjy~- Dgqi i`bl drjy~ jmi j xli jeejtgmd pyi&0-

xgjm xj tjrc tgxl ‒ ciw ~jgmx ljyeh oi yff`rgih jm ` g~bl`rx;

Ljt hji wjyr `fgew qgit;u

LGQ: 

i| `mh i|yègxw: 

bjymieegmd: 

xli rjei j fim `mh tjfim: 

Gm xli e`rdi drjy~ hgby orgi iiho`bc rjf i`bl drjy~-?-

@c xli drjy~ xj riibx jm;2-

hgirimbiu

bjffjmègxgiu

tlixlir `fgew qgit l`qi bl`mdih jqir xgfi-u

Dgqi gm~yx jm xli xlifi j byexyrè imgxgqgxw `mh gx gf~jrx`mbi gm bjymie&8-

egmd-

Xrg`h hgbygjm ,P @'

rid`rhgmd hgqirgxw

^`rxgbg~`mx hif&u

jmxr`xi t`rimi

j xli hgirimbi gm

qèyi% oiegi mh

jbgè mjrf gm q`rg&

jy byexyri-

^`rxgbg~`mx hif&u

jmxr`xi t`rimi

j bjffjmègxgi

oixtiim q`rgjy

byexyri-

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&uxr`xi t`rimi j

xli bl`mdgmd m`xyri

j byexyri-

89 fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi





== <8

@bxgqgxw 0-0>

Blèeimdi

H`w 0 blèeimdi

X ec xj 2 ~ij~ei òjyx tl`x xliw xlgmc bjymieegmd g òjyx-

X ci mjxi `mh orgmd xjfjrrjt-

Ljfitjrc mh drjy~

hgbygjm

^`rxgbg~`mx ~~ewu

cgee ei`rmx jyxghi

xli bjyri bjmxi|x-

^`rxgbg~`mx‗ mjxiu

b`m oi yih jr

iqèy`xgqi ~yr~ji-

Blèeimdi dgqiu

~`rxgbg~`mx `m j~&

~jrxymgxw xj `~~ew

xlijrixgbè ~rgmbg~ei

jyxghi xli bjyri

imqgrjmfimx-

Ryddixih fixljh;

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj xèc xj 2 ~ij~ei ojyx xligr qgit j tl`x bjymieegmd g- Xlii0-

~ij~ei b`m oi rgimh jr `fgew fifoir-

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj x`ci mjxi% `mh xj trgxi xligr jtm himgxgjm j bjymieegmd-?-

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj orgmd xligr mjxi xli jeejtgmd h`w-2-

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi




<9 55

@bxgqgxw 0-00

Blibc jyx

Ryddixih fixljh;

Gmqgxi ~`rxgbg~`mx xj orgiw l`ri ―tliri xliw `ri‖ gm xirf j xligr h`w‗ ~irjmè0-

i|~irgimbi-

Ajr i|`f~ei% ljt hj G iie% hgh xli h`w iie tjrxltlgei% hj G iie G tù

~ylih jyx j fw bjfjrx {jmi:

@ej gmqgxi ~`rxgbg~`mx xj l`ri xligr xljydlx j xli drjy~‗ i|~irgimbi-?-

Ajr i|`f~ei% hgh xli drjy~ iif xj oi ojmhgmd% t` iqirwjmi ~`rxgbg&u

~`xgmd ipyèew% tiri xliri `mw ximgjm% ljt t` xli drjy~‗ imirdw%

tiri xli drjy~ ryei oigmd jeejtih:

_igxir`xi xl`x xlg `bxgqgxw g qjeymx`rw `mh imbjyr`di ~`rxgbg~`mx xj l`ri jmew2-

tl`x xliw iie bjfjrxòei tgxl-

Orgiw riibx * yff`rgi gfge`r gmhgqghyè i|~irgimbi gmxj drjy~ i|~irgimbi%8-

i-d- ―‡gx iif egci xli f`kjrgxw j xli drjy~ iie i|bgxih `mh imirdgih xjh`w-‖

^`rxgbg~`mx riqgit byr&

rimx ~irjmè mh drjy~

i|~irgimbi-

@ bjffjm drjymhu

g bri`xih fjmdx

~`rxgbg~`mx-

^`rxgbg~`mx l`qi ù

~`bi xj riibx jm

gdmgb`mx `bxjr

jyxghi xli drjy~

xl`x bjyeh gmyimbi

xli drjy~ ~rjbi-

^`rxgbg~`mx l`qi ù

~`bi xj riibx jm

xligr xljydlx `mh

iiegmd j drjy~&

`mh bjyri&rie`xih

i|~irgimbi-

2> fgmyxi

Mjmi

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi





== <1

H`w xtj; Tl`x g bjymieegmdòjyx:

@bxgqgxw 0-0?

Blibc gm `mh riqgit blèeimdi

Ryddixih fixljh;

Gmqgxi ~`rxgbg~`mx xj orgiw l`ri ―tliri xliw `ri‖ gm xirf j ~riqgjy h`w‗ `mh0-

iqimgmd‗ i|~irgimbi-

_igxir`xi xl`x xlg `bxgqgxw g qjeymx`rw `mh imbjyr`di ~`rxgbg~`mx xj l`ri jmew?-


Gmqgxi ~`rxgbg~`mx xj l`ri xligr xljydlx òjyx xli blèeimdi ‒ ei`qi xli hg&2-

bygjm j xli bjmximx j xligr mhgmd xj @bxgqgxw 0-08 ‒ xli ^yr~ji j bjymie&

egmd-


g ~~rj~rg`xi-



i|~irgimbi-

^`rxgbg~`mx l`qi ù

~`bi xj riibx jm

xli ~riqgjy iqimgmd

`mh xligr xljydlx

òjyx xli ~riqgjy

h`w `xir jfi xgfi

l` ~ìh-

^`rxgbg~`mx orgiwu

hgby xli i|~irg&

imbi j hjgmd xli

blèeimdi-

09 fgmyxi

Mjmi

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi





<4 55

@bxgqgxw 0-02

@m i|~irgimbi ja oigmd lie~ih

Ryddixih fixljh;

^`rxgbg~`mx `ri `cih xj xlgmc òjyx ` xgfi tlim xliw miihih xj iic lie~0-

òjyx ` ~ibgb ~rjoeif-

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj xlgmc òjyx `' xli ~irjm tlj lie~ih xlif3 o' tlw xliw?-

timx xj xl`x ~irjm3 b' tl`x l`~~imih3 `mh h' tl`x xl`x ~irjm hgh xl`x t`

lie~ye jr ymlie~ye-

Gmqgxi ~`rxgbg~`mx xj hgqghi gmxj ~`gr `mh xèc òjyx xligr i|~irgimbi j oigmd2-

lie~ih-

Gm xli e`rdi drjy~% egx ee xli iiho`bc jm xli g~bl`rx mh hgby tgxl riirimbi8-

xj mjxi gm xli `rxgbg~`mx‗ F`myè-

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj ri`h xlrjydl xli mjxi jm9- Fw ghiè bjymieejr `mh hgby-

I|~irgimxgè `bxgqgxw `mh

~`grih hgbygjm

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi `m `t`rimi

j xli pyègxgi `mh

cgee j `m iibxgqi

lie~ir-

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi t`rimi j

xli gf~jrx`mbi j

xli rjei j bjymie&

egmd-

^`rxgbg~`mx hiqiej~u

` hii~ir `~~ribg`&

xgjm j i`bl jxlir‗

lyf`mgxw-

89 fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi





== <<

Fw Ghiè Bjymieejr‡

g ~~rj`blòei

g xryxtjrxlw

g xljydlxye

g riegòei

g bjmhimx

g rie`|ih `mh bèf

g j~im&fgmhih

g dimxei

g t`rf

g `bbi~xgmd

g ie `t`ri

l` ` imi j lyfjyr

ixòegli ojymh`rgi

x`ci fi irgjyew

g riegòei

blèeimdi fi

g mjx brgxgbè

èejt fi xj oi fwie

bri`xi fyxyè ri~ibx

lie~ fi jby

g bjmxrybxgqi

cii~ bjmhimxgègxw

oygeh fw bjmhimbi

ri~ibx fw gmhi~imhimbi




<7 55

@bxgqgxw 0-08

^yr~ji ja bjymieegmd

Ryddixih fixljh;

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj dgqi iiho`bc rjf xli ~riqgjy h`w‗ blèeimdi; tl`x hj0-

~ij~ei xlgmc bjymieegmd g:

Be`rgw xli himgxgjm j bjymieegmd% ` tiee ` xli `gf `mh djè j bjymieegmd?-

jm xli g~bl`rx-

Orgiw i|~ejri xli cgee `mh pyègxgi j ` bjymieejr ,egmcgmd tgxl xli òjqi `b&2-

xgqgxw; I|~irgimbi j oigmd lie~ih'-

_iir ~`rxgbg~`mx xj xligr f`myè jr yrxlir mjxi-8-

Hgh`bxgb gm~yx `mh

iqèy`xgjm

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi m ymhirx`mh&

gmd j xli `gf `mh

djè j bjymieegmd-

2> fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi

A`bgegx`xjr‗

f`xirgè




== 7>

Xli Djè `mh @gf ja Bjymieegmd

Tlim ~ij~ei `ri i|~irgimbgmd hgxrigmd hgbyexgi gm xligr egqi% xliw jfixgfi xyrm xj

`mjxlir ~irjm jr lie~- Xlg bjyeh oi ` xryxih rgimh% `fgew fifoir jr riegdgjy ei`hir- Xliw

bjyeh èj fiix tgxl ` ~irjm tlj l` oiim xr`gmih xj iibxgqiew lie~ xlif- @ bjymieejr g

xr`gmih xj egxim `mh ri~jmh xj ~ij~ei gm ifjxgjmè hgxri% `mh xj if~jtir xlif xj hiè

tgxl xligr hgbyexgi-

Xli f`gm `gf j bjymieegmd g xly xj bri`xi `m ifjxgjmèew ì ~`bi `mh `m `bbi~xgmd%

b`rgmd rie`xgjmlg~ gm tlgbl xli begimx b`m i|~ejri% hgbjqir mh be`rgw t`w j egqgmd fjri `x&

gwgmdew mh rijyrbiyeew- Xlrjydljyx xli bjymieegmd ~rjbi% xli ri~jmgogegxw jr drjtxl`mh bl`mdi rif`gm tgxl xli begimx -

Iimxgèew% gx g òjyx lie~gmd jxlir xj lie~ xlifieqi% `mh lie~gmd xlif drjt gm xli t`w

xl`x xliw bljji-




70 55

BJYMRIEEGMD GR MJX‡

xieegmd ~ij~ei tl`x xj hj

~wbljxlir`~w

xi`blgmd

gmxirirgmd

gf~jgmd

jmi t`w

dgqgmd `hqgbi

jrfè

jbgè tjrc

~jjm&iihgmd

jmew hjmi ow ~rjigjmè

ogìh

kyhdgmd

jr xli bjymieejr‗ oimix-




== 7?

@bxgqgxw 0-09

Xli xlrii _‗ ja bjymieegmd

Hgh`bxgb gm~yx jm

_jdir‗ ~irjm&bimxrih

~rgmbg~ei

^`rxgbg~`mx hif&u

jmxr`xi m ymhir&

x`mhgmd j jfi

ciw bjymieegmd

~rgmbg~ei-

2> fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx

Oi ri~ibxye

Ymbjmhgxgjmè ~jgxgqi rid`rh fi`m wjy rid`rh xli ~irjm ymgpyi% mh wjy

ri~ibx xligr ògegxw xj f`ci hibggjm `mh jeqi xligr jtm ~rjoeif-

Oi ri~jmgqi

T`rfxl g xli mjm&qiroè i|~rigjm j ymhirx`mhgmd `mh b`rgmd% g-i- xlrjydl

`bgè i|~rigjm% qjgbi xjmi% ~jxyri mh dixyri-

Oi riè

Dimygmimi riir xj `m `yxlimxgb gmxidr`xgjm j jyr iiegmd% tjrh `mh `b&

xgjm- Ry~irbgè bjffymgb`xgjm oygeh o`rrgir gm bjymieegmd-

Ryddixih fixljh;

I|~e`gm xj ~`rxgbg~`mx xli o`gb jymh`xgjm jr ~rgmbg~ei j bjymieegmd% oìh0-

jm _jdir‗ ~irjm&bimxrih ~rgmbg~ei% gm xirf j xli 2 _‗;

oi riè ,dimygmimi jr bjmdryimbi'u

oi ri~ibxye ,ymbjmhgxgjmè ~jgxgqi rid`rh'u

oi ri~jmgqi ,if~`xlw mh t`rfxl'-u

Geeyxr`xi xli ~rgmbg~ei jm xli g~bl`rx `mh c ~`rxgbg~`mx jr riè&egi i|`f~ei?-

j i|~irgimbgmd gmxir`bxgjm xl`x tiri riè% ri~ibxye mh ri~jmgqi-

Imbjyr`di iiho`bc mh riir ~`rxgbg~`mx xj xli mjxi gm xligr f`myè-2-

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi





72 55

Xli Xlrii _‗ ja Bjymieegmd

Xtimxw wi`r `dj% B`re _jdir% ` `fjy ~wbljejdgx `mh lyf`mgx% hiqiej~ih ` ~irjm&

bimxrih ~lgejj~lw jr ~ij~ei tjrcgmd gm xli lie~gmd ~rjigjm- Gm xlji h`w% f`mw ~w&

bljejdgx `mh bjymieejr jeejtih ` ~yriew fihgbè jr ~wblj`mèwxgb qgit `mh ―lie~ih‖

~ij~ei ow hg`dmjgmd xlif jr ow f`cgmd xlif `t`ri j ~rjoeif gm xligr blgehljjh- _jdir‗

xljydlx xl`x èe ~ij~ei ljyeh r`xlir kyx oi qgitih ` mjrfè ~ij~ei tlj `ri i|~irgimbgmd

~rjoeif gm xli liri&`mh&mjt% mh xl`x lie~gmd xlif gmqjeqih ri~ibxgmd xligr lyf`mgxw% ow

oigmd riè mh ri~jmgqi xj xlif-

Oi ri~ibxaye

_jdir‗ yih xli xirf ―ymbjmhgxgjmè ~jgxgqi rid`rh‖- Gx fi`m wjy rid`rh xli ~irjm `

ymgpyi% `mh wjy ri~ibx xligr ògegxw xj f`ci hibggjm `mh jeqi xligr jtm ~rjoeif- Gm

ybl `m `xfj~liri xryx b`m hiqiej~% `mh xli ~irjm b`m iie ì xj j~im y~ xj xligr

jtm i|~irgimbi mh xligr jtm iiegmd-

Oi ri~jmgqi

Oigmd t`rf `mh if~`xlgb g ` t`w j oigmd ri~jmgqi- T`rfxl g xli mjm&qiroè i|&

~rigjm j ymhirx`mhgmd `mh b`rgmd% g-i- xlrjydl `bgè i|~rigjm% qjgbi xjmi% ~jxyri

`mh dixyri- If~`xlw fi`m dixxgmd gmghi xli tjreh j xli ~irjm tlj bjfi jr

bjymieegmd mh qiroèew bjffymgb`xgmd xlg ymhirx`mhgmd xj xli ~irjm-

Oi riè

Dimygmimi riir xj ` dimygmi gmxidr`xgjm j jyr iiegmd% tjrh mh bxgjm3 mh bjf&

fymgb`xgmd xlg rièmi xj xli ~irjm- ―^rjigjmè‖ jr y~irbgè bjffymgb`xgjm jxim

oygeh ` o`rrgir gm bjymieegmd- G if~`xlw g òjyx egximgmd xj xli begimx% dimygmimi g

òjyx egximgmd xj jmiie ` bjymieejr- Dimygmimi% jr oigmd riè% g jfixgfi fjri

hgbyex xl`x oigmd if~`xlgb oib`yi gx gf~egi xl`x xli bjymieejr l` djx xj l`qi `

djjh imi j ie cmjteihdi-




== 78

@bxgqgxw 0-01

Ixlgb `mh qèyi ja bjymieegmd

Ryddixih fixljh;

Jm g~bl`rx oj`rh trgxi xli jeejtgmd igdlx yoli`hgmd; ymgpyimi% ~yr~ji0-

j iiegmd% ojymh`rgi% `bbi~x`mbi% mjm&kyhdifimx% begimx ie&ri~jmgogegxw%

egfgx`xgjm mh bjmhimxgègxw-

Orgiw i|~e`gm i`bl j xli yoli`hgmd-?-

Gyi l`mhjyx imxgxeih2- Ixlgbè gyi-

Gm fèe drjy~% `c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj lgdlegdlx xli ixlgbè gyi `mh qèyi xliw8-

tjyeh bjmghir jr i`bl bim`rgj% `mh tl`x xliw tjyeh hj gm i`bl bì-

Gm xli e`rdi drjy~% hgby iiho`bc `mh dgqi gm~yx jm egfgx`xgjm j bjmhim&9-

xgègxw% ` tiee ` xli gf~jrx`mbi j bjf~iximbi% f`gmx`gmgmd ojymh`rgi `mh

y~irqggjm-

Hgh`bxgb gm~yx `mh fèe

drjy~ hgbygjm

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi ymhirx`mhgmd

j ~rjigjmè mhixlgbè oil`qgjyr `mh

qèyi gm bjymieegmd-

^`rxgbg~`mx ymhir&u

x`mh xl`x ixlgbè

gyi% ybl bjm&

himxgègxw mh hgbej&

yri% ri bjf~ei|-

Xli gf~jrx`mbi j u

y~irqggjm g lgdl&

egdlxih-

89 fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx% bj~gi j Ixlg&

bè gyi-

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi





79 55

Bjymieegmd Ixlgb `mh Qèyi

@ ti l`qi iim% gm bjymieegmd% ti ri jxim hiègmd tgxl xli fjx lghhim ~`rx j ` ~irjm‗

oigmd% `mh begimx jxim iie qyemiròei `mh j~im- Gx g xly% gf~jrx`mx xl`x ti i|~ejri `mh

jeejt xli q`rgjy qèyi `mh ixlgbè oil`qgjyr gm bjymieegmd- Xlii `ri ` jeejt ,xli ghi

bjffimx ri i|`f~ei j gmiibxgqi ri~jmi';

@bcmjteihdi xl`x begimx `ri ymgpyi-

Gx g gf~jrx`mx xl`x ti ribjdmgi begimx gmhgqghyè% tgxl ymgpyi pyègxgi- Xlg fi`m

xl`x èxljydl ~ij~ei f`w l`ri bjffjm ~irjmègxw xr`gx `mh egi i|~irgimbi% iqirw

~irjm g hgirimx% `mh iqirw ~rjoeif g i|~irgimbih hgirimxew- îj~ei l`qi hgirimx

xrimdxl `mh ti`cmii `mh t`w j hiègmd tgxl ~rjoeif- Hj mjx `w;

―Fw ~`rxmir èj bli`xih jm fi e`x wi`r% j G cmjt i|`bxew tl`x wjy `ri

djgmd xlrjydl- G ymhirx`mh!‖

@eejt begimx xj ariiew i|~ri aiiegmd-

Ti ljyeh oi t`ri j xli gf~jrx`mbi j eejtgmd begimx xj i|~ri xligr iiegmd riiew%i~ibgèew mid`xgqi iiegmd- Begimx ljyeh iie bjfjrxòei `mh y~~jrxih tlim i|&

~rigmd iiegmd% `mh mjx hgbjyr`dih- I|~rigmd iiegmd èejt xli begimx xj riegiqi

ximgjm% `mh èj èejt xli begimx xj ii xli ~rjoeif fjri bei`rew- Hj mjx `w;

―êiì hjm‗x brw j fybl% gx‗ djgmd xj oi JC‡ Liri‗ ` xgyi!‖

Oi `t`ri ja xli begimx * bjymieejr rie`xgjmlg~-

Gx‗ gf~jrx`mx xl`x bjymieejr èt`w fjmgxjr xligr jtm iiegmd gm bjymieegmd- Xlg

`t`rimi imòei bjymieejr xj i~`r`xi xligr iiegmd rjf xli begimx‗ iiegmd% `mh

xly imòei bjymieejr xj f`gmx`gm ` mjm&kyhdifimxè% if~`xlgb `mh ixlgbè gmxir`b&

xgjm- Xli bjymieegmd rie`xgjmlg~ g hgirimx xj jbgè rie`xgjmlg~- Ry~irqggjm g yiye

xj i|~ejri ojymh`rgi- Gx g ` ~rjoeif g wjy `w;

―G‗f ejgmd eii~ xlgmcgmd ojyx fw jmi begimx‗ ~rjoeif- Gx iie egci G f

xli jmi tgxl `m|gixw!‖

―Eix‗ dj jr ` hrgmc `xir jyr igjm‡‖




== 71

Rljt begimx `bbi~x`mbi- Xlg gmqjeqi `bbi~xgmd xli begimx ` xliw `ri% tgxl xligr xrimdxl `mh ti`cmii- @m

`xfj~liri j `bbi~x`mbi gm xli bjymieegmd rie`xgjmlg~ `bgegx`xi xryx `mh drjtxl-

@bbi~x`mbi hji mjx fi`m jqirejjcgmd hixrybxgqi xljydlx `mh * jr oil`qgjyr% oyx

ljtgmd xl`x wjy b`ri jr xli begimx hi~gxi xlii- @bbi~x`mbi bri`xi ` ì ~`bi xj

i|~ejri xlii xljydlx jr oil`qgjyr- Gx g ` ~rjoeif g wjy `w;

―Xlg begimx j fgmi g j yee j yrw `mh r`di- Rjfixgfi li ljyx gm

xli igjm `mh gx ri`c fi jyx!‖ ,Gf`dgmi xli bjymieejr‗ mjm&qiroè

oil`qgjyr gm xli igjm-'

Rljt ` mjm&kyhdifimxè `xxgxyhi-

Xli bjymieejr‗ ri~jmgogegxw g mjx xj iqèy`xi tlixlir begimx‗ oil`qgjyr% oiegi jr

`xxgxyhi `ri rgdlx jr trjmd% jr tlixlir jr mjx xliw `ri xj oe`fi jr xligr ~rjoeif-

_`xlir% xli bjymieejr ljyeh bri`xi ` ~`bi tliri begimx b`m ymhirx`mh `mh i|~ejri

~rjoeif% tgxljyx oigmd kyhdih tgxl rid`rh xj xligr xljydlx% iiegmd jr `bxgjm- Hj

mjx `w;

―Rljyxgmd x wjyr fjf g mjx djgmd xj lie~ mwjmi- Gx g `bxyèew f`cgmd

xlgmd tjri!‖

@bcmjteihdi xl`x begimx `ri ri~jmgoei ajr xlifieqi-

Bjymieegmd ljyeh if~jtir ~ij~ei xj ii xl`x xliw l`qi rijyrbi xj jeqi xligr jtm

~rjoeif- Gm hgbyex gxy`xgjm% begimx jxim `~~i`r lie~ei `mh gx‗ xif~xgmd jr xli

bjymieejr xj oi xli “ribyir‗- Gx f`w f`ci xli bjymieejr iie gf~jrx`mx `mh ~jtirye-

Oyx gx jxim o`bcri% gm xl`x xli begimx f`w oibjfi hi~imh`mx jm xli bjymieejr jr

xliw f`w oe`fi xli bjymieejr g xli “jeyxgjm‗ hjim‗x tjrc jyx- @ej xli “`qgjyr bjym&

ieejr‗ imh xli fi`di xl`x xliw drii xl`x xli begimx g xjj lie~ei jr r`dgei xj jeqi

lg * lir jtm ~rjoeif- _ififoir; Gx g yexgf`xiew xli begimx‗ ri~jmgogegxw mh rgdlx xj

bljji ljt xliw jeqi xligr jtm ~rjoeif! Hj mjx `w;

―L`qi wjy xrgih‡: Gx yyèew tjrc tiee gm xlii gxy`xgjm-‖

_`xlir `c; ―Tl`x l`qi wjy xrgih:‖




74 55

Oi `t`ri ja wjyr jtm egfgx`xgjm ` ` bjymieejr-Gx g gf~jrx`mx xl`x ` bjymieejr g tiee gmjrfih mh iie ybgimxew cgeeih xj hiè tgxl

` begimx- Xlg g hjmi ow bjf~eixgmd xli ripygrih xr`gmgmd% ow ridye`rew `xximhgmd y~ir&

qggjm `mh ow hiqiej~gmd cmjteihdi ow ri`hgmd- @ej% bjymieejr ljyeh oi bei`r jm

tlim xj riir begimx- Gx g ` ~rjoeif g wjy `w;

―Fw begimx `w xl`x li g mjri|gb% G l`qi ri`h y~ ogx jm gx% mh f yri

G tgee oi òei xj l`mhei gx!‖

Imyri xl`x bjmhimxgègxw g f`gmx`gmih-

Gx g `m ixlgbè joegd`xgjm `mh mibi`rw jr iibxgqi bjymieegmd xl`x ` bjymieejr f`gm&

x`gm bjmhimxgègxw `mh `mjmwfgxw tlim hgbygmd xli bì gm y~irqggjm% jr tgxl

jxlir ~rjigjmè- @ egfgx j bjmhimxgègxw jbbyr tlim ` begimx g bei`rew l`rfye xj

lgfie jr jxlir% jr gm xli bì j i|yè òyi- Xli bjymieejr g xlim joegdih xj hg&

qyedi gmjrf`xgjm% oyx ljyeh miqirxliei gmjrf xli begimx `mh jox`gm ~irfggjm% g

~jgoei- Rjfi bjymieejr c xligr begimx xj gdm m gmjrfih bjmimx jrf% tliri xli

begimx g imyrih j bjmhimxgègxw tgxlgm i|~e`gmih egfgx- Gx g ` ~rjoeif g wjy `w;

―Wjy tgee miqir dyi tlj b`fi xj fi jr bjymieegmd xli jxlir h`w‡

F`rw% jyr jeh oj!‖




== 7<

Ixlgbè gyi

F`ci jfi mjxi gm ri~jmi xj xli jeejtgmd bim`rgj-

@ ridye`r begimx jxim rrgqi e`xi jr ~~jgmxfimx mh x`w jr jqir m ljyr-Ø

Rli `w xl`x li bjyehm‗x egqi tgxljyx lir bjymieegmd igjm tgxl wjy `mh

wjyr jmdjgmd qèyòei `hqgbi-

@ ~ridm`mx begimx g l`qgmd hgri m`mbgè ~rjoeif hyi xj ~jjr oyhdixgmd- RliØ

èj l` xlrii blgehrim tgxl hgògegxgi- Wjy l`qi oiim xlrjydl gfge`r m`mbgè

~rjoeif mh t`mx xj l`ri wjyr jeyxgjm-

@ fèi begimx xiee wjy xl`x xliw xlgmc xliw `ri ljfji|yè- Wjy iie ymbjfjrx&Ø

òei tgxl ljfji|yègxw- Wjy èj cmjt xlg begimx‗ tgi tiee- Wjy gffihg`xiew

xlgmc j xli rgc j LGQ-

@ fèi begimx hgbeji xl`x lg f`m`dir `x tjrc g ifjxgjmèew òygmd lgf- LiØ

`w xl`x `x xgfi li iie egci imhgmd lg egi- Li ljt wf~xjf j hi~rigjm%

oyx wjy xlgmc li‗ ejjcgmd jr `xximxgjm-




77 55

@bxgqgxw 0-04

If~`xlw% wf~`xlw `mh ghimxgb`xgjm

Ryddixih fixljh;

Hgqghi ~`rxgbg~`mx gmxj fèe drjy~ j xlrii-0-

^jgmx jyx ~gbxyri imxgxeih?- Rwf~`xlw% if~`xlw mh ghimxgab`xgjm-

Tgxljyx i|~e`gmgmd xli bjmbi~x% c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj bjfi y~ tgxl himgxgjm j 2-

wf~`xlw% if~`xlw mh ghimxgb`xgjm ygmd xli ~gbxyri dgqim-

Gm xli e`rdi drjy~% imbjyr`di iiho`bc `mh `c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj rie`xi xli xirf8-

xj riè&egi i|~irgimbi-

Rfèe drjy~ tjrc

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi m ymhirx`mh&

gmd j xli hgirimbi

oixtiim if~`xlw%

wf~`xlw mh ghimxg&

b`xgjm-

^`rxgbg~`mx egmc xliu

xirf xj riè&egi

i|~irgimbi mh ljt

xlii f`w gmyimbi

jmi‗ `~~rj`bl xj

bjymieegmd-

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi dri`xir `t`ri&

mi j xligr jtm

miih xj wf~`xlgi

`mh ghimxgw tgxl

begimx-

89 fgmyxi

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi




== 0>>




0>0 55

If~`xlw% ghimxgb`xgjm `mh if~`xlw

F`mw j jyr begimx b`m oi ~gbxyrih hrjtmgmd gm xli “tiee j jrrjt‗- @ lie~gmd bjymieejr

ti b`m ri`bx gm jmi j xlrii t`w% if~`xlw oigmd xli fjx iibxgqi-

Rwf~`xlw

Rwf~`xlw b`m oi himih ` iiegmd bjmbirmih jr jfijmi iei tgxljyx mibi`rgew

oibjfgmd gmqjeqih gm ` beji lie~gmd rie`xgjmlg~- Rwf~`xlw g iiegmd jrrw jr xli

~irjm gm xli “tiee j jrrjt‗- Gm xli ~gbxyri% gx gmqjeqi x`mhgmd jm xj~ j xli tiee% ejjc&

gmd hjtm `mh i|~rigmd jrrjt jr ~gxw jr xli ~irjm% jr f`woi imhgmd jfixlgmd

xj xli ~irjm gm xli lj~i xl`x xliw tgee dix jyx j xli tiee- Xli wf~`xlixgb bjymieejr%

èxljydl bjmbirmih% rif`gm x hgx`mbi rjf xli begimx tgxljyx ixòeglgmd fi`m&

gmdye rie`xgjmlg~-

Ghimxgb`xgjm

Xli ibjmh “lie~gmd ~jgxgjm‗ g ghimxgb`xgjm- Ghimxgb`xgjm b`m oi himih ` x`cgmd

jm xli iiegmd `mh bl`r`bxirgxgb j xli jxlir ~irjm ,begimx' xj xli ~jgmx xl`x xligr

~rjoeif oibjfi wjyr jtm ~rjoeif- Gm jyr geeyxr`xgjm% ghimxgb`xgjm gmqjeqi kyf~&

gmd hjtm gmxj xli “tiee j jrrjt‗ mh hrjtmgmd tgxl xli ~irjm- Tlim xlg jbbyr% xli

bjymieejr eji lgfie gm xli lie~gmd rie`xgjmlg~- Rli* li g mj ejmdir jokibxgqi%

tlgbl g mibi`rw jr lie~gmd xj x`ci ~e`bi- Ry~irqggjm g gf~jrx`mx xj ~riqimx y

rjf hixrybxgqiew ghimxgwgmd tgxl begimx-

If~`xlw

If~`xlw b`m oi himih iiegmd mjxlir‗ ~rjoeif g xliw tiri wjyr jtm% tgxljyx b&xyèew x`cgmd xlif jm wjyrie- If~`xlw gmqjeqi “tècgmd gm xli begimx‗ lji‗ tgxljyx

eixxgmd xligr ~rjoeif oibjfi wjyr ~rjoeif- Gm jyr geeyxr`xgjm% if~`xlw gmqjeqi

kyf~gmd gmxj xli tiee tlgei l`mdgmd jm xj ` rj~i xgih xj ` xrii- If~`xlgb bjymie&

ejr `ri ~irjmèew gmqjeqih tlgei f`gmx`gmgmd bjmxrje j xlifieqi gm xli lie~gmd

rie`xgjmlg~ ,g-i- l`qgmd ojymh`rgi'- @x `mw xgfi xliw tgl% xli bjymieejr bjyeh ~yee

xlifieqi jyx j xli tiee- Xlg g xli fjx iibxgqi lie~gmd ~jgxgjm ` bjymieejr b`m

yi gm bjymieegmd gmxir`bxgjm-




== 0>?

@bxgqgxw 0-0<

Rl`rgmd ~irjmè gmajrf`xgjm

Ryddixih fixljh;

Gm xli e`rdi drjy~% c ~`rxgbg~`mx% jmi ow jmi% xj l`ri xligr fjx ifo`rr`gmd0-

xlgmd xl`x l` l`~~imih xj xlif-

@xir it j xli ~`rxgbg~`mx l`qi ri~jmhih% c xlif ljt xliw iex l`qgmd xj?-

xèc ojyx xligr i|~irgimbi- Hgh xliw iie yeew bjfjrxòei:

Gm ~eim`rw hgby tl`x tjyeh l`qi f`hi gx i`gir xj l`ri mh egmc gx xj bjymie&2-

egmd-

_ibjrh ghi` jm g~&bl`rx ~`~ir-8-

E`rdi&drjy~ hgbygjm

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi `m `t`rimi

j ljt xli begimx

fgdlx iie gm bjymie&egmd bjmxi|x-

^`rxgbg~`mx hif&u

jmxr`xi m ymhir&

x`mhgmd j ljt xj

~rjfjxi j~immi gm

begimx-

2> fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi





0>2 55

@bxgqgxw 0-07

RJEI_ F@^

Xrg`h rjei&~e`w

R~i`cir jr begimx

Wjyr x`c g xj xèc òjyx jfixlgmd xl`x g gf~jrx`mx xj wjy-

Egximir jr bjymieejr

Wjyr x`c g xj ~r`bxgbi xli cgee j xli igjm-

Joirqir

Wjyr x`c g xj joirqi xli egximir‗ qiroè `mh mjm&qiroè cgee `mh ljt xliw

~riimx xlifieqi-

R ‒ gxxgmd py`riew F ‒ fgmgfè imbjyr`dir

J ‒ j~im ~jxyri @ ‒ xximxgqi geimbi

E ‒ ei`m tlim miihih ^ ‒ ~riimx`xgjm

I ‒ `~~rj~rg`xi iwi bjmx`bx

_ ‒ rie`|

Ryddixih fixljh;

Dgqi gm~yx jm `xximxgqimi% mjm&qiroè bjffymgb`xgjm `mh RJEI_ F@^% ` tiee0-` jxlir iibxgqi mjm&qiroè bjffymgb`xgjm cgee;

Xlii gmbeyhi; xjmi j qjgbi% ~iih j ~iibl% qjeyfi j ~iibl-u

Hgqghi ~`rxgbg~`mx gmxj drjy~ j xlrii% `mh `c i`bl xj oi ` “begimx‗% “bjymieejr‗?-

`mh “joirqir‗ gm ` xrg`h rjei&~e`w-

Xli “begimx‗ ljyeh xiee xli bjymieejr òjyx ` ribimx hg`driifimx xliw l`h- Xlg2-

ljyeh mjx oi xjj ~irjmè jr ifjxgjmèew e`him-

Bjymieejr ri xj hifjmxr`xi RJEI_ F@^ cgee-u

Xrg`h rjei&~e`w mh

hgbygjm

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi ymhirx`mhgmd

j xli `hq`mx`di j `xximhgmd cgee-

Mjm&qiroè bjf&u

fymgb`xgjm cgee `ri

rigmjrbih-

^lwgbè ~~i`r`mbi%u

`mh tl`x gx xiee y% g

mjxih-

8> fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi





== 0>8

Imbjyr`di ~`rxgbg~`mx xj t`~ rjei gm xli rjei&~e`w-8-

Gm xli e`rdi drjy~% hgby iiho`bc-9-

Imbjyr`di ~`rxgbg~`mx xj xlgmc gm tlgbl jxlir bjmxi|x xlii cgee tjyeh oi yiye-1-




0>9 55

@xximhgmd

@xximhgmd fi`m oigmd ~lwgbèew% gmxieeibxyèew `mh ifjxgjmèew “~riimx‗ gm ` bjymieegmd

igjm- Xlii cgee gmhgb`xi xj xli begimx xl`x xli bjymieejr g egximgmd% g `t`ri `mh g ri`hw

xj gmxir`bx- Xliw ljt gm ` mjm&qiroè t`w xl`x xli bjymieejr g `xximxgqi `mh `q`geòei- Xli

`brjmwf RJEI_ F@^ g jxim yih xj yff`rgi xlii o`gb cgee;

RØ ‒ x`mh jr gxxgmd py`riew; xlg fi`m `bgmd xli begimx j xl`x xliw b`m ii

xli bjymieejr `mh bjffymgb`xi j~imew- Rjfixgfi ` fjri “bjmqir`xgjmè‗

gxxgmd xwei g yih tliri xli bjymieejr `mh xli begimx gx `x rgdlx `mdei xj i`bl

jxlir tlgei xliw xèc-

JØ ‒ x`mh jr j~im ~jxyri; xlg fi`m mjx brjgmd `rf jr ljehgmd ` jehir

* ei gm ybl ` t`w xl`x gx gmhgb`xi ` bejih ojhw% `mh ~jgoew ` bejih jr

“tgxblih j‗ fgmh- Gx b`m èj riir xj oigmd b`riye mjx xj l`qi% jr fgmgfggmd%

o`rrgir oixtiim bjymieejr `mh begimx% ybl ` ` hic jr oih-

EØ ‒ x`mh jr ei`mgmd jrt`rh; xlg fi`m ei`mgmd gm xjt`rh xli begimx `x `~&

~rj~rg`xi xgfi xj bjmqiw gmxirix mh bjmbirm- Xlg ljyeh oi yih b`riyeew

j ` mjx xj gmxgfgh`xi ` begimx xjj jjm gm `m imbjymxir- Gm `hhgxgjm% bjymie&

ejr fyx oi fgmhye j ojhw ~`bi hgirimbi gm ~ij~ei rjf hgirimx o`bc&

drjymh- Djjh joirq`xgjmè cgee tgee jjm ~gbc y~ tl`x g `m `~~rj~rg`xi

~`bi-

IØ ‒ x`mh jr iwi bjmx`bx; xlg fi`m cii~gmd m`xyrè iwi bjmx`bx xj ljt

xli begimx xl`x xli bjymieejr g egximgmd xj tl`x g oigmd `gh- _ififoir xl`x

jr jfi ~ij~ei% xjj fybl iwi bjmx`bx f`w oi i|~irgimbih ` xlri`ximgmd jr

hgri~ibxye; djjh bjmxi|xyè cmjteihdi tgee gx liri-

_Ø

‒ x`mh jr rie`|ih ~jxyri; xlg fi`m mjx hdixgmd i|bigqiew jr ljehgmdjmi‗ ojhw gm ` ximi f`mmir- Gx ej hji mjx fi`m hj~xgmd ejyblih ~jg&

xgjm- Xli bjymieejr ljyeh bjmqiw bèf imi j bjmx`gmfimx xj xli begimx

`mh ljyeh oi t`ri j i|bigqi dixgbye`xgmd% ojhw fjqifimx% x`~~gmd iix%

begbcgmd ~im% ~e`wgmd tgxl l`gr% hhegmd% ixb-




== 0>1

FØ ‒ x`mh jr fgmgfè imbjyr`dir; xlii imbjyr`di xli begimx xj cii~ xèc&

gmd `mh ljt jmi g egximgmd- Xlii imbjyr`dir% ybl ` ―fff% yl lyl% G ii‖

bjyeh dj èjmd tgxl mjh j xli li`h-

@Ø ‒ x`mh jr `xximxgqi geimbi; ti `ri jxim xif~xih xj gmxirry~x ` begimx xj

`c ` pyixgjm% f`ci `m joirq`xgjm% jr xj dix be`rgxw jm ` ~`rxgbye`r ~jgmx- Tlgei

xlii `ri mjx o`h xlgmd xj hj gm `mh j xlifieqi% ti ljyeh dimirèew t`gx

jr `m `~~rj~rg`xi ~`yi gm xli bjmqir`xgjm xj f`ci ` qiroè ri~jmi- G xli

begimx g xècgmd i`gew xlim gx g oixxir xj f`gmx`gm `m `xximxgqi geimbi tlgbl

bjmqiw gmxirix mh ri~ibx-

^Ø ‒ x`mh jr ~riimx`xgjm% g-i- ljt hji xli begimx ~riimx xlifieqi mh

ljt ljyeh xli bjymieejr ~riimx xlifieqi:- @~ibx xj ejjc jyx jr gmbeyhi;

Tl`x g xli begimx‗ dimirè fjjh; ri xliw ~jgxgqi mh y~oi`x% ~igfgxgbu

`mh hi~riih% mdrw mh bjmyih% hiimgqi mh t`rw:

Tl`x cgmh j ojhw e`mdy`di g xli begimx ygmd: Xli ghi` i|~riih gmu

RJEI_ ,òjqi' `ri yiye xj xlgmc òjyx ‒ g xli begimx j~im% hji xli begimx

yi `~~rj~rg`xi iwi bjmx`bx `mh ~lwgbè hgx`mbi% g xli begimx ximi `mh

tgxlhr`tm:

G xli begimx mi`x `mh `~~rj~rg`xi gm hri `mh ~lwgbè ~riimx`xgjm: Gx g mjxu

xli rjei j xli bjymieejr xj kyhdi xli begimx‗ `lgjm imi jr ~` fjrè

kyhdfimx jm `m jyxx ‒ r`xlir xli bjymieejr g ìgmd xli begimx‗ dimirè

fjjh mh tieeoigmd- @ hi~riih ~irjm f`w jxim mideibx xligr ~irjmè

`~~i`r`mbi `mh xlg b`m oi `m gf~jrx`mx t`rmgmd gdm-

Ljt hji xli begimx yi e`mdy`di: _`xi j ~iibl% xjmi j ~iibl `mhu

qjeyfi j ~iibl b`m ìbx ljt ti ymhirx`mh xli begimx `mh b`m èj

yddix fjjh mh fimxè x`xi-

Xli bjymieejr ljyeh èj oi `~~rj~rg`xiew hriih gm `xxgri tlgbl g ygx&u

òei jr lg jr lir ~rjigjm `mh xli bjmxi|x gm tlgbl xli bjymieegmd x`ci

~e`bi- Xli bjymieejr ljyeh oi mi`x mh xghw mh bjmqiw m `xxgxyhi j

~rjigjmègf-

Xli bjymieejr ljyeh hiqiej~ `m `t`rimi j ljt li jr li yi e`m&u

dy`di mh xxif~x xj fjhgw qjbè cgee xj gf~rjqi bjf~rilimgjm mh

bjffymgb`xgjm- @t`rimi j qjbè xwei b`m oi d`gmih xlrjydl x`~gmd j

jmi‗ qjgbi `mh riqgitgmd jr be`rgxw jr ow `cgmd jr iiho`bc rjf jxlir%

gmbeyhgmd xli begimx- Xli cgmh j xlgmd xj ejjc jyx jr gmbeyhi;




0>4 55

xjmi j ~iibl `mh qjeyfi j qjgbi; xli xjmi b`m bjmqiw t`rfxl `mh 

if~`xlw jr gmhgb`xi ` higri xj orgmd jrfègxw gmxj ` ~`rxgbye`r imbjym&

xir-

r`xi j ~iibl; gm dimirè jmi ljyeh yi ` ejtir r`xi tgxl ` begimx 

ym`fgeg`r tgxl jmi‗ bbimx ‒ oyx xlg ljyeh mjx oibjfi gmd&jmd jr

~`xrjmggmd-

r`mdi j gmibxgjm; xrigmd birx`gm tjrh `mh q`rwgmd if~l`g tgee 

~riqimx ojrihjf-

fjhgwgmd `bbimx * ~rjmymbg`xgjm; gx f`w oi yiye gm jfi ixxgmd xj 

`h`~x ~rjmymbg`xgjm j birx`gm tjrh xj `bbjffjh`xi ejbè xwei `mh

y`di% gm jrhir xj gf~rjqi bjf~rilimgjm-

rlwxlf j ~iibl; xli bjymieejr ljyeh xrw xj fjhgw xligr rlwxlf j  

~iibl xj oi bei`r mh gmxirixgmd-

`~~rj~rg`xi tjrh mh e`mdy`di; xli bjymieejr miih xj ymhirx`mh 

xli ~`rxgbye`r bjymieegmd bjmxi|x xj f`ci oixxir bljgbi j tjrh `mh

~lrì tlgbl begimx yi `mh ymhirx`mh-

Xjybl

Gx g èj yiye xj xlgmc òjyx `~~rj~rg`xi yi j xjybl- Gm jfi byexyri gx g `bbi~xòei `mh

iqim higròei xj bjmqiw if~`xlw mh ymhirx`mhgmd xlrjydl ~`x jm xli ljyehir% t`rf

l`mhbe`~ jr iqim ` lyd- Gm jxlir xliri f`w oi xrgbx egfgx`xgjm jm brj&dimhir xjyblgmd-

Gx tjyeh oi yiye xj i|~ejri;

Tl`x `ri xli mjrf `rjymh xjybl gm xli ~ibgb ixxgmd:Ø

Ljt bjfjrxòei `ri wjy ` ` bjymieejr tgxl xjybl:Ø

Gm dimirè mit bjymieejr ljyeh bjf~eixiew qjgh xjyblgmd begimx% ~`rx rjf l`mhl`ci%

xj bri`xi ` ~rj~ir ~rjigjmè hgx`mbi- @mw bjmbirm `rjymh xjybl ljyeh oi `hhriih

tgxl ` fimxjr-




== 0><

^`grih hgbygjm% hgh`b&

xgb gm~yx `mh rjei&~e`w

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi ymhirx`mhgmd

j tl`x g miihih xj~ri~`ri jr xli bjym&

ieegmd igjm-

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi ymhirx`mhgmd

j xli gf~jrx`mbi j

bjmxr`bxgmd jr ojxl

xli bjymieejr mh

begimx-

^`rxgbg~`mx joirqiu

ljt xj oidgm ` bjym&

ieegmd igjm-

9> fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx

@bxgqgxw 0-?>

Xli bjymieegmd ar`fitjrc `mh bjmxr`bxgmd

Ar`fitjrc; @ xrybxyri xl`x ljeh xlgmd gm ~e`bi-

Ryddixih fixljh;

I|~e`gm xli bjmbi~x j ` r`fitjrc gm bjymieegmd% gm xirf j;0-

xliu ~lwgbè r`fi ,ejb`xgjm mh rr`mdifimx j bjymieegmd ixxgmd'

xliu xgfi r`fi ,eimdxl `mh myfoir j igjm'

xliu bjymieegmd r`fi ,oigmd gm begimx‗ r`fi j riirimbi% bri`xgmd ` ì

ifjxgjmè ~`bi% egfgxih ie&hgbejyri mh ~lwgbè bjmx`bx% x`cgmd

mjxi jr x`~i ribjrhgmd'-

Trgxi xlii bjmbi~x jm xli g~&bl`rx oj`rh-?-

Hgqghi xli ~`rxgbg~`mx gmxj fèe drjy~ `mh `c xlif xj hgby gf~jrx`mx `b&2-

xjr xj bjmghir% ~ibgbèew tgxl rid`rh xj xli ~lwgbè r`fi ,g-i- Tl`x tjyeh `bjymieegmd jbi ejjc egci: Tliri tjyeh gx oi:'-

@ej `c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj orgiw hgby xligr qgit jm xli8- xgfi r`fi `mh bjymie&

egmd r`fi% `mh ljt xliw tjyeh ~ri~`ri jr ` bjymieegmd igjm- Imbjyr`di

iiho`bc-

I|~e`gm xli himgxgjm% gf~jrx`mbi `mh ~rjbihyri j bjmxr`bxgmd `mh ixxgmd y~9-

gmgxgè `driifimx gm bjymieegmd-

Dgqi jfi ~r`bxgbè dyghiegmi jm ljt xj oidgm ` bjymieegmd igjm `mh dgqi1-

i|`f~ei j j~imgmd x`xifimx% tiee ` ljt xj i|~e`gm bjmhimxgègxw-

Xli `bgegx`xjr b`m geeyxr`xi xli òjqi ow oigmd xli bjymieejr gm ` lojte rjei&4-

~e`w- Gmqgxi ~`rxgbg~`mx xj rjei&~e`w-

Imbjyr`di bjffimx mh hgbygjm jm xli xj~gb tlgbl l`qi oiim r`gih% mh<-

riir ~`rxgbg~`mx xj xligr f`myè jr yrxlir mjxi-

Mjxi xl`x gm jfi gmx`mbi xli r`fi f`w oi ei xl`m ghiè ‒ ii I|irbgi7-

0-?0-

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi





0>7 55




== 00>

Bjymieegmd Ar`fitjrc

Gm ~ri~`rgmd jr bjymieegmd% birx`gm `rr`mdifimx miih xj oi gm ~e`bi- Ti yi xli tjrh

r`fitjrc gm bjymieegmd xj hibrgoi xli ~e`bi `mh xgfi tliri bjymieegmd l`~~im% ` tiee

` xli ifjxgjmè ~`bi xli bjymieejr bri`xi j begimx iie rii xj xiee xligr xjrgi- @ r`fi&

tjrc b`m oi himih ` ` xrybxyri xl`x ljeh xlgmd gm ~e`bi- Tgxljyx bjmghirgmd xli jeejt&

gmd r`fitjrc% bjymieegmd fgdlx “èe `~`rx‗-

^lwgbè ar`fi

Xli bjymieegmd rjjf ljyeh oi bjfjrxòei% pygix `mh ~rgq`xi- Iqim g wjy hjm‗x l`qi `bbi

xj ` ~rj~ir bjymieegmd jbi% bjmghir xlii 2 `bxjr gm bljjgmd ` ~e`bi-

X cgmd mjxi jr x`~i ribjrhgmd gm xli bjymieegmd igjm g lie~ye% oyx f`w l`qi ` mid`xgqi

gf~`bx gm bjymieegmd- Oi t`ri j xli begimx‗ ri~jmi xj xlg mh i|~e`gm wjyr gmximxgjm- @c

xli begimx‗ ~irfggjm xj hj xlg-

Xgfi ar`fi

Rigjm yyèew e`x 89&9> fgmyxi- Rljrxir igjm fi`m ei xgfi xj i|~ejri% `mh

ejmdir igjm xgri begimx `mh bjymieejr- ,Gm xr`yf` bì% igjm f`w x`ci ejmdir

xl`m 9> fgmyxi-' Rljrx&xirf bjymieegmd g iibxgqi `mh `~~rj~rg`xi jr xli Rjyxl

@rgb`m bjmxi|x- Oixtiim 9 `mh0> igjm `ri yyèew miihih- Ljt jxim xli begimx

ljyeh bjfi ,ripyimbw' mh ljt f`mw igjm ri eejb`xih ,hyr`xgjm' hi~imh jm

xli miih j xli begimx `mh `q`geògegxw j xli bjymieejr- Xlg g hgbyih gm xli gmgxgè






== 00?

Oidgmmgmd

Gmgxgè bjmx`bx

@ ~irjm bjfi jr bjymieegmd gm jmi j xtj t`w; `mjxlir jrd`mg`xgjm jr ~irjm yyèew

riir xlif% jr xliw f`ci ` hibggjm xj iic bjymieegmd jm xligr jtm- Gx x`ci ` ejx j bjyr&

`di jr begimx xj bjfi jr bjymieegmd% `mh jfi `ri fjri i`dir xl`m jxlir xj x`rx xli

~rjbi-

Tlim ` ~irjm ~ljmi jr `c xj ii ` bjymieejr% gx g gf~jrx`mx xl`x xli bjymieejr jr xiei&

~ljmi ribi~xgjmgx f`gmx`gm ixlgbè oil`qgjyr% ` tiee ` `m if~`xlgb `xxgxyhi% xj dgqi xli

begimx xli gf~rigjm xl`x gx g `m ifjxgjmèew ì ~e`bi- Xli ~irjm‗ ~rjoeif g mjx yyèew

hgbyih tlim xli ~irjm ~ljmi jr c jr m ~~jgmxfimx- G xli ~irjm x`rx hgbygmd

xligr ~rjoeif% gx g yiye xj riibx xli begimx‗ iiegmd `mh ri`yri xlif xl`x wjy tgee hgby

gx gm wjyr igjm i-d- ―Gx jymh egci wjy `ri ciim xj xèc mjt- Bjyeh ti xèc fjri òjyx xlg

jm Xlyrh`w:‖

@m `~~rj~rg`xi xgfi `mh ejb`xgjm g `driih y~jm ow ojxl ~`rxgi% ` tiee ` `mw ii `mh ~rj&

bihyri jr b`mbieegmd xli igjm- Xlg gmgxgè bjmx`bx jrf xli rx ~`rx j xli bjymieegmd

bjmxr`bx-

Dixxgmd x`rxih

Tlim xli ~irjm `rrgqi jr bjymieegmd% driix xlif ri~ibxyeew `mh gmxrjhybi wjyrie- _i&

fifoir xl`x wjy ri gm xli rjei j bjymieejr% mh xli ~irjm g egciew xj ii wjy m `yxljr&

gxw% jr ~rjqghir j lie~- Gx g gf~jrx`mx xj eix xli ~irjm iie bjfjrxòei% tgxljyx ejgmd wjyr

rjei ` bjymieejr- Oigmd jqir&rgimhew jr “~rgf `mh ~rj~ir‗ yyèew hji mjx bri`xi ` `qjyròei

oidgmmgmd jr bjymieegmd-

Jmbi wjy `ri ojxl i`xih% xli bjymieejr yyèew oidgm ow `cgmd xli ~irjm jr ` it ~ir&

jmè hix`ge ‒ m`fi% `di% `hhri `mh bjmx`bx myfoir- Rjfi bjymieejr ~riir xligr begimx

xj ee gm ` begimx hix`ge jrf-

Gmgxgè `driifimx

Oijri hgbygmd xli begimx‗ ri`jm jr bjfgmd jr bjymieegmd% gx g lie~ye xj ri`yri xli

begimx xl`x bjmhimxgègxw tgee oi f`gmx`gmih- Orgiw i|~e`gm xli egfgx j bjmhimxgègxw `

tiee- Rjfi bjymieejr% l`qi m gmjrfih bjmimx jrf xl`x i|~e`gm xli ixlgbè hyxgi j xli

bjymieejr `mh tl`x xli begimx b`m i|~ibx rjf bjymieegmd-




002 55

―Oijri ti x`rx% G kyx t`mx xj ri`yri wjy xl`x iqirwxlgmd ti hgbyliri xjh`w tgee oi ci~x bjmahimxgè- Xli jmew xgfi G fgdlx l`qi xj xiee

jfijmi òjyx jyr igjm g g G iie wjy f`w hj l`rf xj wjyrie jr

jxlir% oyx G tgee èt`w eix wjy cmjt g G hj-‖

@x xlg x`di% gx g èj ygxòei xj orgiw hgby mh midjxg`xi xli hyr`xgjm j bjymieegmd% ri&

pyimbw mh eimdxl j igjm% tiee mw ii jr bjymieegmd hfgmgxr`xgqi ~rjbihyri-

Gm xlg gmgxgè `driifimx% gx èj yiye xj i|~e`gm xli rjei j xli begimx `mh bjymieejr% `mh

tl`x xli begimx i|~ibx rjf xli bjymieegmd rie`xgjmlg~- Gm Rjyxl @rgb`% tliri bjymieegmd

g mjx tiee ymhirxjjh% gx tjyeh èj oi lie~ye xj hgby tl`x xli begimx ymhirx`mh bjym&

ieegmd xj oi3 tlixlir xliw l`qi oiim jr bjymieegmd oijri% `mh tl`x xligr i|~irgimbi j

bjymieegmd t`-

Mjxi @EE ~ibx j xlg gmgxgè driifimx jr bjmxr`bx ri mjx mibi`rgew i|~ejrih gm yee% gm

xli rx igjm ‒ gx g yyèew ri&midjxg`xih% be`rgih `mh rimih xlrjydljyx xli bjymie&

egmd ~rjbi- Gx ljyeh oi ai|goei `mh riègxgb-

Ljt xj oidgm

@m j~im&imhih pyixgjm g yyèew lie~ye xj dix xli bjymieegmd igjm x`rxih;

―Tl`x orgmd wjy liri xjh`w:‖% jr ` mjm&qiroè dixyri% ybl ` mjh j xli

li`h-

Rx`xifimx ybl `% ―Ljt b`m G lie~ wjy:‖ f`w ix xli bjmxi|x xl`x wjy `ri djgmd xj oi “xli

lie~ir‗ `mh xl`x xli begimx g mjx òei xj lie~ lgfie- Xlg g mjx mibi`rgew trjmd oyx oi

`t`ri j xli gf~`bx j wjyr tjrh- Dgqi xli begimx xgfi xj ri~jmh% `mh if~`xlgbèew riibxjm `mw mjm&qiroè oil`qgjyr wjy f`w joirqi i-d- ―Gx iif egci gx‗ hgbyex jr wjy xj xèc

òjyx gx‖-




== 008

@bxgqgxw 0-?0

Bjymieegmd gm hgaairimx bjmxi|x

Ryddixih fixljh;

Hgqghi ~`rxgbg~`mx gmxj fèe drjy~-0-

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj or`gmxjrf xli hgirimx bjmxi|x tgxlgm tlgbl bjymieegmd?-

bjyeh x`ci ~e`bi ,i-d- ` lj~gxè rjjf% ymhir ` xrii% ` t`gxgmd rjjf% ` jrfè

bjymieegmd ~`bi% `m jbi tlgbl hjyoei y~ ` ` bjymieegmd rjjf' `mh ljt

xliw tjyeh `h`~x xj i`bl gxy`xgjm g mibi`rw-

Gm xli e`rdi drjy~% `c jr iiho`bc rjf i`bl drjy~-2-

Lgdlegdlx xr`xidgi xj hiè tgxl hgirimx bjmxi|x-8-

Drjy~ or`gmxjrf mh

hgbygjm

^`rxgbg~`mx ri t`riu

j xli hgirimx ~e`bi

tliri bjymieegmdb`m x`ci ~e`bi-

^`rxgbg~`mx hif&u

jmxr`xi m ymhir&

x`mhgmd j ljt xj

jqirbjfi blèeimdi

gm hgirimx bjymie&

egmd bjmxi|x-

^`rxgbg~`mx ymhir&u

x`mh xl`x xliri `ri

egfgx`xgjm xj e`w

bjymieegmd-

?> fgmyxi

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi




009 55

@bxgqgxw 0-??

^jx&Fjhyei pyixgjmm`gri `mh blèeimdi

Blèeimdi h`w ?

Bljji `m jokibx xl`x ri~riimx xli cgmh j bjymieejr wjy t`mx xj oi-

Trgxi mjxi mh orgmd jokibx `mh mjxi xjfjrrjt-

Ryddixih fixljh;

^riimx xli blèeimdi xj oi hgbyih `x xli x`rx j Fjhyei ?% g xliw `ri djgmd0-

jm xj bjf~eixi Fjhyei ?;

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj xlgmc j `m jokibx xl`x xliw l`qi gm xligr ljfi jru

tgxlgm xligr imqgrjmfimx tlgbl tjyeh wfojegbèew ri~riimx xli cgmh j

bjymieejr xliw t`mx xj oi g-i- bl`r`bxirgxgb% qèyi ixb-

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj x`ci mjxi% `mh xj trgxi xligr ~irbi~xgjm j ljt xlgu

jokibx wfojegi xli cgmh j bjymieejr xliw t`mx xj oi-

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj orgmd xligr mjxi xjfjrrjt-u

Xlim gyi xli?- ^jx&Fjhyei pyixgjmm`gri `mh `c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj bjf~eixi xlg-

Trgxxim i|irbgi% drjy~

hgbygjm mh ljfi&

tjrc-

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi tl`x xliw l`qi

ei`rmx gm Fjhyei 0-

^`rxgbg~`mx riibx jmu

~irbi~xgjm j oigmd

` bjymieejr-


b`m oi yih jr

iqèy`xgqi ~yr~ji-

Blèeimdi

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi






004 55

1- @m ghiè bjymieejr;

l` ` djjh imi j lyfjyr`-

g bjmhimxo-

g t`rf `mh `~~rj`blòeib-

èe j xli òjqi-h-

4- Xlrii ~rgmbg~ei `mh qèyi xl`x ri fjx gf~jrx`mx gm bjymieegmd ri;

oigmd riè% ri~jmgqi `mh ri~ibxye`-

oigmd ibrixgqi% tgi `mh f`xyrio-


oigmd bjmbirmih% ejwè `mh rgimhew-h-

<- If~`xlw fi`m;






bjmhimxgègxw`-



èe j xli òjqi-h-

0>- @ bjymieejr fyx f`gmx`gm bjmhimxgègxw;

`x èe xgfi`-



,o' `mh ,b'-h-




== 00<

@bxgqgxw 0-?2

Blibc jyx `mh qiroè iqèy`xgjm

Ryddixih fixljh;

Gmqgxi ~`rxgbg~`mx xj orgiw l`ri “tliri xliw `ri‗ gm xirf j xligr h`w‗ ~irjmè0-

i|~irgimbi-




Gmqgxi ~`rxgbg~`mx xj riibx jm Fjhyei 0; tl`x l`qi G ei`rmx `mh ljt hgh gx gf&8-

~`bx jm fi:

Orgiw riibx * yff`rgi gfge`r gmhgqghyè mh drjy~ i|~irgimbi-9-



i|~irgimbi% ` tiee `

qiroèew iqèy`xi xli

Fjhyei-

@ bjffjm drjymhu

g bri`xih fjmdx

~`rxgbg~`mx-

^`rxgbg~`mx l`qi ù

~`bi xj riibx jm

gdmgb`mx `bxjr

jyxghi xli drjy~

xl`x bjyeh gmyimbi

xli drjy~ ~rjbi-

^`rxgbg~`mx l`qi ù

~`bi xj riibx jm

xligr xljydlx `mh

iiegmd j drjy~&

`mh bjyri&rie`xih

i|~irgimbi-

^`rxgbg~`mx riibx jmu

xli Fjhyei `mh gx

gf~`bx jm xlif-

2> fgmyxi

Mjmi

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi




007 55

F j h y e i x t j ; ^ r g f ` r w b j y m i e e g m d c g e e I

^rgf`rw bjymieegmd cgeeFjhyei ?% mjxih gm xli gmxrjhybxgjm% g 8&h`w Fjhyei tlgbl gmxrjhybi gmhgqghyè xj xli

fjhie j bjymieegmd `mh jbyi jm lie~gmd xli begimx xj xiee xligr xjrw% tlgbl gmqjeqi xli

o`gb bjymieegmd cgee j `xximhgmd% egximgmd% riibxgmd iiegmd% ri~lr`gmd% o`gb i|~ejrgmd

`mh yff`rggmd- Xli fjhie bljim g Id`m‗ fjhie% iimxgèew ` ~irjm&bimxrih% ~rjoeif&

jeqgmd ~~rj`bl xj ~ij~ei tlj iic lie~- Gx g ~irjm&bimxrih gm xli imi xl`x xli bjymie&

ejr jbyi jm oygehgmd rie`xgjmlg~% bjmmibxgjm tgxl begimx% mh f`ci xlif iie qèyih

`mh `~~ribg`xih tlgei bri`xgmd ` ì ~`bi jr xlif xj oi li`rh `mh `bcmjteihdih- Jxim

xlg g ybgimx xj myhdi xli begimx gmxj bl`mdi jr bbi~x`mbi oib`yi xliw ri dgqim m j~&

~jrxymgxw xj li`r xligr xljydlx `mh iiegmd riibxih o`bc gm ` xljydlxye `mh fi`mgmdye

t`w% f`cgmd gx ~jgoei jr xlif xj ii xlifieqi gm ` mit egdlx% ei`hgmd xj mit hgribxgjm-

Xlg ~irjm&bimxrih `~ibx g xli bjri jby j xlg Fjhyei ` xli cgee lie~ xj oygeh `m ymhir&

x`mhgmd j xli begimx% ojxl jr xli bjymieejr mh xli begimx- Xlg Fjhyei xly bjqir ~rgf`rw

bjymieegmd cgee% e`wgmd xli jymh`xgjm jr xli mi|x Fjhyei-

Xlg Fjhyei b`m oi yih jm gx jtm tgxl bjymieejr tlj l`qi oiim gm xli ieh jr ` tlgei

oyx tlj miih ` ririlir jm xli o`gb- G xlii o`gb cgee `ri mjx f`xirih% xli ~rjoeif&

jeqgmd `~ibx j Fjhyei 2 tgee oi hgbyex xj `xx`gm-

Fjhyei Xtj

^`rx I;




== 0?>

H`w xlrii; @ fjhie ja bjymieegmd @bxgqgxw ?-0

Tiebjfi% i|~ibx xgjm `mh drjy~ ryei

Gm xlii oejbc% wjy tgee mh q`rgjy lgmx% xg~ `mh mjxi% tlgbl dgqi fjri hi&

x`geih i|~e`m`xgjm j xli cgee `mh bjmbi~x oigmd ~riimxih

Ryddixih fixljh;

@c i`bl ~`rxgbg~`mx xj orgiw gmxrjhybi xlifieqi xj xli drjy~% `wgmd tlj0-

xliw `ri% tliri xliw tjrc% tl`x bjymieegmd i|~irgimbi xliw l`qi `mh tl`x

xliw lj~i xj `blgiqi gm xlg Fjhyei-

B`~xyri i|~ibx`xgjm jm g~bl`rx ~`~ir `mh hgby-?-

@c xli drjy~ xj or`gmxjrf drjymh ryei jr ` ì% l`rfjmgjy `mh ~rjhybxgqi2-

xr`gmgmd i|~irgimbi-

B`~xyri xlii mh hgby ‒ ii @bxgqgxw 0-? rjf Fjhyei 0 jr yrxlir i|~`mgjm8-

jm drjy~ ryei-

_jymh&rjogm gmxrjhyb&

xgjm mh hgbygjm j

i|~ibx`xgjm mh drjy~

ryei

^`rxgbg~`mxØ

`ri oixxir `b&

py`gmxih tgxl

i`bl jxlir-

I|~ibx`xgjmØ

`mh drjy~

ryei j xliFjhyei ri

hgbyih-

2> fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi







== 0??

^ri * ^jx&Fjhyei Pyixgjmm`gri ‒ ?


Xlrii riibxgjm ri~jmi gm bjymieegmd `ri;0-

_iibxgjm j iiegmd% bjmximx mh ~`r`~lr`gmd`-

_iibxgjm j iiegmd% bjmximx mh ~rjbio-

_iibxgjm j iiegmd% fi`mgmd `mh bjmximxb-

,o' `mh ,b'-h-

?- Tlim riibxgmd gm bjymieegmd% gx g gf~jrx`mx xj egmc iiegmd xj bjmximx;

Mj`-

Wi-o-

2- _iibxgjm j ~rjbi ,èj cmjtm ` gffihg`bw';

`- G riibxgmd gyi rie`xih xj xli bjymieegmd bjmxi|x `mh*jr bjymieejr

G riibxgmd iiegmd rie`xih xj xli begimx jyxghi bjmxi|xb-

G riibxgjm j ~`x bjmximxh-

Mjmi j xli òjqi-i-

8- @ bjffjm if~`xlgb ri~jmi ei`h g;

Wjy iie‡`-

Gx jymh egci‡o-

G G li`r wjy bjrribxew‡b-

@ee j xli òjqi-h-

9- I|~ejrgmd ` begimx‗ xrimdxl `mh ti`cmii g ` cgee xl`x `bgegx`xi ~rjoeif&jeq&

gmd gm bjymieegmd-

Xryi`-

Aèio-

1- Ryff`rggmd mh ~`r`~lr`gmd ri;

Xli `fi xlgmd`-

Hgirimx oyx bjmmibxih cgee-o-



0?2 55


^ri * ^jx&fjhyei pyixgjmm`gri ? ‒ fjhie `mtir

,o'0-

,o'?-

,`'2-

,h'8-

,`'9-

,o'1-




== 0?8

@bxgqgxw ?-2

_iqggjm ja ciw ~jgmx jm bjymieegmd arjf Fjhyei 0

Ryddixih fixljh;

Egx igdlx bjri bjmbi~x j bjymieegmd ,ie&`t`rimi3 tjrcgmd tgxl hgqirgxw30-

`gf j bjymieegmd3 bjri qèyi `mh ixlgb gm bjymieegmd3 cgee `mh pyègxgi j

` bjymieejr% i~ibgèew ri~ibx% ri~jmgqimi `mh rièmi3 if~`xlw% wf~`&

xlw `mh ghimxgb`xgjm3 ixxgmd y~ xli bjymieegmd3 `mh RJEI_ F@^' jm g~bl`rx

~`~ir `mh hgqghi xli drjy~ gmxj igdlx% tgxl jmi bjmbi~x ~ir drjy~- I`bl drjy~

himi `mh i|~e`gm xli bjmbi~x-

G xli drjy~ t` mjx i|~jih xj Fjhyei 0% xli `bgegx`xjr b`m orgiw i|~e`gm tl`x?-

i`bl bjmbi~x hgbygjm ljyeh bjqir-

@xir i`bl drjy~‗ gm~yx% xli `bgegx`xjr ee gm xli d`~ `mh riir xj mjxi rjf2-

Fjhyei 0-

Rfèe&drjy~ hgbygjm%

~riimx`xgjm jeejtih

ow gm~yx rjf `bgegx`xjr

Ei`rmir hifjm&u

xr`xi ymhirx`mhgmdj xli ymh`fimxè

bjmbi~x gm bjymie&

egmd rjf Fjhyei 0-

A`bgegx`xjr ghimxg&u

i d`~ gm ei`rmir

cmjteihdi-

1> fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi




0?9 55


@bxgqgxw ?-8

Dgqgmd `mh ribigqgmd aiiho`bc

Hgh`bxgb gm~yx `mh

hgbygjm

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi m ymhirx`mh&

gmd j dgqgmd `mhribigqgmd iiho`bc

,gm ~ri~`r`xgjm jr

xrg`h rjei&~e`w'-

2> fgmyxi

Mjmi

Yiye iiho`bc g hgribxih `x oil`qgjyr% tlgbl xli ribigqir b`m hj jfixlgmd

òjyx-

Gx g gffihg`xi% bjmbgi `mh ~ibgb-

Ryddixih fixljh;

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj xlgmc ojyx xli e`x xgfi xliw tiri dgqim iiho`bc ow imgjr0-

dyri ,eibxyrir% f`m`dir% ~`rimx' `mh ow ` ~iir-

Imbjyr`di iiho`bc òjyx ~`rxgbg~`mx‗ i|~irgimbi- @c ~`rxgbg~`mx ljt xliw?-

iex òjyx xli t`w xli iiho`bc t` dgqim% `mh tlixlir xliw xljydlx gx xj oi

iibxgqi jr mjx-

Mjt `c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj xlgmc òjyx ` xgfi tlim xliw l`h xj dgqi iiho`bc xj2-

jfijmi xligr kymgjr `mh xj ` ~iir-

Imbjyr`di hgbygjm òjyx ljt ~`rxgbg~`mx iex òjyx dgqgmd iiho`bc `mh8-

tlixlir gx t` iibxgqi jr mjx-

Dgqi gm~yx ojyx iibxgqiew dgqgmd mh ribigqgmd iiho`bc mh riir ~`rxgbg~`mx9-

xj xli mjxi gm xligr f`myè-

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi





== 0?1

Dgqgmd `mh _ibigqgmd Aiiho`bc

Dgqgmd `mh ribigqgmd iiho`bc iibxgqiew jbbyr tlim ~ij~ei gm gmxir`bxgjm eix i`bl jxlir

cmjt ljt xliw ìbx `mh gf~`bx jm i`bl jxlir- Xlg iiho`bc g hixirfgmih ow riègxgb jo&

irq`xgjm j xli ~irjm‗ oil`qgjyr mh ~irjrf`mbi- Gx f`w gmbeyhi ~r`gi% ie&hgbejyri jr

bjmxrybxgqi brgxgbgf j gmiibxgqi jr ie&hixrybxgqi xljydlx jr oil`qgjyr-

Xlrjydljyx xlg bjyri% i~ibgèew hyrgmd rjei&~e`w% wjy tgee oi ripygrih xj dgqi iiho`bc xj

wjyr ~iir% `mh ribigqi iiho`bc rjf wjyr ~iir `mh xr`gmir-

Tlim dgqgmd iiho`bc xj `mjxlir ~irjm% imyri xl`x gx g;

gffihg`xiØ ‒ iiho`bc ljyeh oi dgqim gm xli liri&`mh&mjt- Hie`wih iiho`bc

jxim eji gx qèyi `mh gf~jrx`mbi- Imyri xl`x iiho`bc g tiee xgfih ‒ `

djjh xgfi xj dgqi `mh ribigqi iiho`bc g hyrgmd xli hgbygjm xgfi `xir `

rjei&~e`w- Dgqi iiho`bc hyrgmd xli drjy~ igjm mh mjx `xir xli xr`gmgmd i&

gjm-

bjmxrybxgqiØ ‒ yiye iiho`bc ljyeh irqi ` ~yr~ji- Gx ljyeh oi hgribxih `x

oil`qgjyr% tlgbl xli ribigqir b`m hj jfixlgmd ojyx% i-d- xieegmd jfijmi

xl`x xligr lgdl&~gxblih qjgbi f`ci xlif iif jqirew tiix g mjx yiye% r`xlir

`c tl`x jxlir joirqòei% mjm&qiroè oil`qgjyr xl`x ~irjm g hg~e`wgmd xl`x

f`ci xlif iif jqirew tiix- Tlim dgqgmd bjmxrybxgqi brgxgbgf `w tl`x

bjyeh l`qi oiim hjmi hgirimxew `mh ljt gx fgdlx bl`mdi xli gf~`bx j xli

oil`qgjyr-

if~`xlgbèew ljmixØ ‒ dgqgmd ~jgxgqi iiho`bc kyx xj f`ci xli ~irjm iie

oixxir jr oib`yi j rgimhlg~ l` ` xif~jr`rw iibx oyx hjim‗x l`qi `mw

ejmd&xirf qèyi- Gx g xlrjydl iiho`bc xl`x ti ei`rm `mh drjt- Ljtiqir% xli

t`w ti dgqi iiho`bc g gf~jrx`mx- @ bjymieejr jfixgfi l` xj blèeimdi

xligr begimx‗ gmiibxgqi xljydlx mh oil`qgjyr% j dgqgmd ljmix oyx if~`xlgb

iiho`bc gm xlg drjy~ tgee oi djjh ~r`bxgbi jr bjymieegmd-

~ibgbØ ‒ qjgh q`dyi mh*jr kyhdifimxè iiho`bc- Aiiho`bc ljyeh xly oi

oìh jm joirq`xgjm j oil`qgjyr jr ~irjrf`mbi jmew- Cii~ xli iiho`bc

orgi `mh xèc òjyx ljt wjy tiri ìbxih ow xli ~irjm‗ oil`qgjyr-






== 0?<

@bxgqgxw ?-9

@ fjhie ja bjymieegmd

Hgh`bxgb gm~yx mh drjy~

hgbygjm

^`rxgbg~`mx hif&u

jmxr`xi ` dimirè

ymhirx`mhgmd j xli

bjymieegmd fjhie

`mh bjymieegmd cgee-

89 fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx

Xli q`rgjy cgee gm xlg fjhie bjf~rgi xli xjje j bjymieegmd-

Xli fjx iibxgqi bjymieejr g xli ~irjm tlj mjx jmew l` f`mw xjje% oyx

cmjt tlgbl xjje tgee oix lie~ ` begimx `x hgirimx xgfi-

Rjfixgfi ti miih jfijmi xj ymhirx`mh ljt ti `ri i|~irgimbgmd jyr

tjreh% jr xj lie~ y rijeqi ~rjoeif ‒ mh jfixgfi ti kyx miih jfijmi

xj oi xliri-

Ryddixih fixljh;

Jm ` g~bl`rx oj`rh% hr`t xli “ljyi‗ bjymieegmd fjhie oìh jm Id`m‗ lie~gmd0-

fjhie-

I|~e`gm xli q`rgjy x`di j bjymieegmd tgxlgm xli fjhie-?-

Lgdlegdlx xli rjei j xli bjymieejr% xli begimx mh xli bjffymgxw ,jxlir' gm xlg2-

fjhie-

Imbjyr`di xli drjy~ xj hgby xli ~jgmx ~riimxih-8-

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi




0?7 55


@ Fjhie ja Bjymieegmd

Oìh jm Id`m‗ Lie~gmd Fjhie

^rgmbg~ei ja xli fjhie

“Oygehgmd xli ljyi‗ fi`m oygehgmd xli bjymieegmd rie`xgjmlg~% gm lie~gmd xli begimx hiè tgxl

lg*lir ~rjoeif- @ xli bjymieegmd ~rjbi fjqi jrt`rh% ` xryxgmd tjrcgmd rie`xgjmlg~

g oygex oixtiim bjymieejr `mh begimx-

Begimx l`qi hgirimx miih tgxl rid`rh xj bjymieegmd- Rjfi begimx kyx miih lie~ xj xiee

xligr xjrw% gm jrhir xj lie~ xlif xj bjmxgmyi tgxl xli “ljyi oygehgmd‗ jm xligr jtm- Xli

begimx g ri~jmgoei jr oygehgmd lg*lir ljyi `mh bjymieegmd b`m imh `x `mw x`di gm xli

“ljyi oygehgmd‗ ~rjbi! Xli bjymieejr g ` `bgegx`xjr xj xli ~rjbi- Egximgmd xj% `mh i|~ejr&

gmd xli begimx‗ xjrw lie~ xj oygeh xryx mh ymhirx`mhgmd% tlgbl xlim eejt xli begimx mh

bjymieejr xj fjqi gmxj i|~ejrgmd jeyxgjm `mh f`cgmd ` ~e`m- _iqgitgmd xli bjymieegmd

~rjbi g hjmi ow ygmd xli yff`rggmd cgee% `mh g lie~ye xj ri&jby xli begimx `mh bjym&

ieejr jm tl`x l` oiim `blgiqih gm xli bjymieegmd ~rjbi- Xli begimx‗ `fgew% rgimh `mh

bjffymgxw rijyrbi ri gmbeyhih gm xlg lie~gmd ~rjbi-

LIE^ BEGIMX F@CI @ Ê@M

^rjoeif jeqgmd% jeyxgjm&jbyih

LIE^ BEGIMX I\ÊJ_I J^XGJMR

Ryff`rggmd% pyixgjmgmd% gffihg`bw

LIE^ BEGIMX XIEE RXJ_W

_iibxgmd iiegmd% if~`xlw% ~`r`~lrì

EGRXIM XJ BEGIMX‗R RXJ_W

Egximgmd% RJEI_ F@^% 2 _‗

OYGEH @ AJYMH@XGJMRie&~ri~`r`xgjm% ~ri~`r`xgjm j bjmxi|x `mh bjmxr`bxgmd

_

I

Q

GI

T

G

M

D

BEGIMX‗R

I\XI_M@E

RY^^J_X




== 02>

^rjbi ja xli bjymieegmd fjhie

“Oygehgmd xli ljyi‗ g èj ` bjeeòjr`xgqi ijrx% oixtiim xli begimx% bjymieejr `mh i|xirmè

y~~jrx xrybxyri% tlgbl jeejt xli jeejtgmd i|goei ~rjbi;

Oygeh ` ajymh`xgjm

^ri~`r`xgjm jr bjymieegmd g gf~jrx`mx gm oygehgmd ` jegh jymh`xgjm jr iibxgqi bjym&

ieegmd xj x`ci ~e`bi- Agrxew% xli bjymieejr ~ri~`ri lgf*lirie xlrjydl ie&`t`rimi `mh

`t`rimi j hgqirgxw- Xli bjymieejr imyri xl`x li*li g `t`ri j xli o`gb ~rgmbg~ei j

bjymieegmd ‒ oigmd ri~ibxye% riè mh ri~jmgqi-

^ri~`r`xgjm j xli bjymieegmd bjmxi|x jr imqgrjmfimx g èj gf~jrx`mx gm xl`x ` ì% pygix

`mh bjfjrxòei ~e`bi g ~ri~`rih- Rixxgmd y~ xli gmgxgè `driifimx ,bjmxr`bx ' èj jrf xli

drjymhtjrc j ` ybbiye bjymieegmd rie`xgjmlg~-

F`gm cgee yih; ie&riibxgjm% t`rimi j jxlir% bjmxr`bxgmd% xli 2 _‗-

Egxim xj begimx‗ xjrw

Egximgmd g gmxidrè gm oygehgmd xryx gm xli bjymieegmd rie`xgjmlg~ mh dgqi xli begimx ~`bi

xj j~im y~- Gx èj ~ri~`ri xli begimx `mh bjymieejr xj ri`bl ` eiqie tliri gx g ifjxgjmèew

ì gm xli rie`xgjmlg~ xj lie~ xli begimx i|~ejri j~xgjm `mh f`ci ` ~e`m- Ti egxim jr `mh

joirqi;

Ti ljt xli begimx ti `ri egximgmd xj xlif ow fjmgxjrgmd jyr jtm mjm&qiroè oil`qgjyr gm

bjymieegmd- Ti yi xli RJEI_ F@^ xiblmgpyi ‒ gx py`riew% `bgmd xli begimx `x ` bjfjrx&

òei `mdei `mh hgx`mbi3 l`qi `m j~im ~jxyri3 ei`m xjt`rh xli begimx tlim ygxòei3 f`ci



020 55


`~~rj~rg`xi iwi bjmx`bx3 oi rie`|ih mh yi fgmgfè imbjyr`dir mh `xximxgqi geimbi mh

ì xli begimx‗ ~riimx`xgjm-

F`gm cgee yih; egximgmd% xximhgmd ,RJEI_ F@^'

Lie~ begimx xiee xligr xjrw

Oighi egximgmd xj xli begimx% ti b`m lie~ xlif xiee xligr xjrw% ow `bbyr`xiew riibxgmd xligr

iiegmd ,gf~jrx`mx!' `mh bjmximx- Ow hjgmd xlg% ti ljt xli begimx xl`x ti `ri tgeegmd xj

ymhirx`mh xligr tjreh ` xliw i|~irgimbi gx- Xlg èj lie~ xj oygeh xryx `mh imbjyr`di

ie&riibxgjm-

F`gm cgee yih; if~`xlgb ri~jmhgmd% riibxgmd iiegmd% ~`r`~lr`gmd

Lie~ begimx i|~ejri xligr xjrw

Gm lie~gmd xli begimx i|~ejri xligr xjrw% ti `xxif~x xj d`gm ` hii~ir ymhirx`mhgmd j xligr

i|~irgimbi- Ti èj hj xlg xj lie~ xli begimx f`ci imi j lg*lir tjreh ow jbygmd xligr

xljydlx mh i|~ejrgmd mh ghimxgwgmd xlifi- Gm lie~gmd begimx i|~ejri xligr xjrgi% ti j&

xim l`qi xj hiè tgxl gyi orjydlx y~ gm igjm% oixtiim begimx mh bjymieejr% i-d- begimxtlj `ri ligx`mx xj xèc- Ti yi xli xirf “gffihg`bw‗ jr “riibxgjm j ~rjbi‗ xj riir xj xlg

~ibgb cgee- @ lgdl eiqie j xryx g ripygrih jr xlg cgee xj oi yih iibxgqiew-

Ryff`rggmd gmqjeqi egximgmd xximxgqiew mh jbygmd jm f`gm ghi` mh xlifi-

F`gm cgee yih; hii~ir if~`xlw% yff`rggmd% pyixgjmgmd% riibxgjm j ~rjbi% ym&

~`bcgmd ,hjm‗x jrdix ojyx wjyr o`gb cgee j egximgmd mh `xximhgmd liri xjj!'

Lie~ begimx f`ci ` ~e`m

F`mw mjqgbi bjymieejr ,`mh iqim jfi imgjr bjymieejr!' xlgmc xl`x xlg ~`rx j xli bjym&

ieegmd ~rjbi g xli fjx gf~jrx`mx- Ljtiqir% ` ti l`qi iim% xli fjx gf~jrx`mx ~`rx j

bjymieegmd g oygehgmd xli bjymieegmd rie`xgjmlg~ oixtiim begimx mh bjymieejr mh imyr&

gmd xl`x xli begimx iie li`rh gm xirf j lg*lir iiegmd `mh i|~irgimbi-

Gm ~rjoeif jeqgmd% xli bjymieejr g firiew ` dyghi% ei`qgmd xli ri~jmgogegxw jr hibggjm

f`cgmd xj xli begimx- @ ixlgbè bjymieejr ti ri~ibx jyr begimx‗ hgdmgxw gm f`cgmd xligr jtm

bljgbi-




== 02?

@ bjymieejr% ti dyghi begimx ow lie~gmd xlif ejjc `x q`rgjy j~xgjm jr jeyxgjm xj xligr

~rjoeif- Ti èj `gx begimx xj f`ci ` ~e`m% ow lie~gmd xlif tigdl y~ xli ~rj `mh bjm

j xli j~xgjm- Rjeyxgjm&jbyih pyixgjm f`w ej gx begimx gm xlgmcgmd ojyx xligr ~rjo&

eif hgirimxew-

F`gm cgee yih; jeyxgjm&jbyih pyixgjmgmd% ~rjoeif&jeqgmd fjhie

_iqgitgmd

Imhgmd bjymieegmd ,`xir xli rx igjm jr `x xirfgm`xgjm' gmqjeqi riqgitgmd tliri xli

bjymieegmd rie`xgjmlg~ l` ri`blih% `mh `bcmjteihdgmd xli hgirimx djè xl`x l`qi oiimriègih riyex j xli bjymieegmd rie`xgjmlg~-

_iqgitgmd dgqi ojxl bjymieejr mh begimx imi j bejyri- Tlim riqgitgmd% gx g gf~jrx`mx

xj hiè tgxl xli begimx‗ iiegmd j imhgmd bjymieegmd-

F`gm cgee yih; yff`rggmd

Begimx‗ i|xirmè y~~jrx xrybxyri@ begimx‗ i|xirmè y~~jrx xrybxyri% ybl ` `fgew% rgimh% riegdgjy ei`hir `mh bjffymgxw

fifoir% ljyeh èj oi `bcmjteihdih gm xli bjymieegmd ~rjbi- Begimx ljyeh oi im&

bjyr`dih xj yi xligr y~~jrx wxif gm lie~gmd xlif tgxl xligr ~rjoeif-

^rjoeif yyèew jbbyr gm gmxir`bxgjm tgxl jxlir `mh xlirijri xli iibxgqi bjymieejr hji

mjx kyx jby jm xli gmhgqghyè% oyx r`xlir jm xli gmhgqghyè tgxlgm ` jbgè wxif-

XG^R JM XJJER

Xli q`rgjy cgee gm xlg fjhie bjf~rgi xli xjje j bjymieegmd-

Gx g gf~jrx`mx xj mjxi xl`x cgee yih rjf xli oidgmmgmd j xli bjymieegmd ~rjbi

`ri yih xlrjydljyx% `mh y~ xj xli imh j xli bjymieegmd gmxir`bxgjm-

Xli fjx iibxgqi bjymieejr g xli ~irjm tlj mjx jmew l` f`mw xjje% oyx cmjt tlgbl

xjje tgee oix lie~ ` begimx `x hgirimx xgfi gm xli bjymieegmd ~rjbi-

Rjfixgfi ti miih jfijmi xj ymhirx`mh ljt ti `ri i|~irgimbgmd jyr tjreh% jr xj lie~

y rijeqi ` ~rjoeif ‒ `mh jfixgfi ti kyx miih jfijmi xj oi xliri!



022 55


@bxgqgxw ?-1

Hgaairimbi oixtiim oigmd ` bjymieejr `mh ` argimh

Ryddixih fixljh;

Gmqgxi ~`rxgbg~`mx xj gf`dgmi xl`x ` rgimh xiee xlif xl`x xligr ~`rxmir g bli`x&0-

gmd jm xlif `mh xliw hj mjx cmjt tl`x xj hj-

Mjt `c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj gf`dgmi xl`x `m gmhgqghyè% tlj xliw hj mjx cmjt% l`?-

bjfi xj iic lie~ rjf xlif ` ` bjymieejr% oib`yi xligr ~`rxmir g bli`xgmd

jm xlif-

Gm fèe drjy~% `c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj hgby tl`x tjyeh oi hgirimx gm ljt xliw2-

tjyeh l`mhei xli xtj gxy`xgjm- Tl`x tjyeh xliw `w: Tl`x tjyeh xliw hj:

Ljt tjyeh xliw iie:

Gm e`rdi drjy~% imbjyr`di iiho`bc `mh rigxir`xi ~rjigjmè `mh ixlgbè oi&8-

l`qgjyr j ` bjymieejr-

Rfèe drjy~ hgbygjm

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi ymhirx`mhgmd

j ~rjigjmè mh

ixlgbè oil`qgjyr j è`w&bjymieejr-

2> fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi

A`bgegx`xjr‗

f`xirgè




== 028

@bxgqgxw ?-4

Rxi~~gmd xjmi

Ryddixih fixljh;

^`rxgbg~`mx ljyeh bljji 8&9 ciw gf~jrx`mx iqimx jr “xi~~gmd xjmi‗ gm xligr0-

egqi xl`x `ri gdmgb`mx gm orgmdgmd xlif xj xlg ~jgmx ,`mh xj xli tjrclj~'-

Xli `bgegx`xjr ljyeh dgqi i|`f~ei j xligr jtm xi~~gmd xjmi-?-

^`rxgbg~`mx ri xlim ripyixih xj hr`t ~gbxyri hi~gbxgmd xligr xi~~gmd xjmi2-

jm ` ~gibi j oe`mc g~bl`rx ~`~ir-

^`rxgbg~`mx b`m xlim dgqi iiho`bc jm xligr bljim xi~~gmd xjmi xj xli8-

drjy~-

Xli `bgegx`xjr xlim dgqi gm~yx jm ciw fgeixjmi gm xli lyf`m egi bwbei rjf9-

ogrxl xj hi`xl `mh egmc xlii% tliri `~~rj~rg`xi% xj xli i|~irgimbi j ~`rxgbg&

~`mx-

Rie&`t`rimi% gmhgqghy&

è i|irbgi

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi gmgdlx gmxj

lg*lir egi fgei&xjmi mh fjxgq`&

xgjm jr oibjfgmd `

bjymieejr-

Drjy~ ymhirx`mhgmdu

`mh bjligjm g oygex-

Ei`rmir hifjm&u

xr`xi o`gb ymhir&

x`mhgmd j x`di j

lyf`m hiqiej~fimx

rjf blgehljjh xj

jeh `di `mh ciw

bjymieegmd xlifi

jr i`bl x`di-

49 fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi




029 55


Lyf`m Hiqiej~fimx,@h`~xih rjf Bjymieegmd Rcgee jr Hyffgi ow D`ge Iq`m% ~yoeglih ow Kjlm Tgeiw Rjm%

Blgblixir% ?>>4'

Q`rgjy hiqiej~fimxè xlijrgi ow ~wbljejdgx ybl ` Ariyh% ^g`dix `mh Irgcjm `xxif~x

xj himi mjrfè `mh òmjrfè hiqiej~fimx gm ~`rxgbye`r `ri`% ybl ` xli hiqiej~fimx j

gmxieeibx% i|yègxw `mh ~irjmègxw- Lyf`m hiqiej~fimx g ` bjf~ei| xj~gb oyx tl`x b`m oi

`gh òjyx g xlg;

I`rew i|~irgimbi gm egi b`m l`qi gdmgb`mx iibx jm e`xir hiqiej~fimx oyx mid`&0-

xgqi iibx ri mjx gmiqgxòei-

_gc `mh ~rjxibxgqi `bxjr% jr i|`f~ei lièxlw jr ymlièxlw bjmmibxgjm xj ` ~rg&?-

f`rw b`ridgqir% b`m l`qi gdmgb`mx gmyimbi jm gmhgqghyè- Ribyri bjmmibxgjm gm

i`rew egi ,ybl ` ` ejqgmd `mh b`rgmd fjxlir jr `xlir tlj jir bjmgximx ~`rimx&

gmd' `ri egciew xj ei`h xj ~jgxgqi `hyex bjmmibxgjm% djjh ie&ixiif `mh `m ògegxw

xj hiè tgxl xri- ^jjr bjmmibxgjm `mh `fgew ~rjoeif ,ybl ` qgjeimbi `mh

`rdyfimx' ri jbg`xih tgxl ~jjr jbgè hkyxfimx mh ie&ixiif- Blgehrim j

hi~riih fjxlir jxim i|~irgimbi `hyex hi~rigjm ,xli ifjxgjmè tgxlhr`tèj xli fjxlir ìbx xli ie&ixiif gm xli blgeh'- îir bjmmibxgjm ‒ jr i|`f~ei

rie`xgjmlg~ tgxl rgimh ‒ b`m oi ~rjxibxgqi g xlii bjmmibxgjm `ri djjh `mh

xriye g xliw `ri o`h-

Xli `di `mh f`xyrgxw ,~lwgbè `mh ifjxgjmè' j ` ~irjm tlim birx`gm iqimx `ri2-

i|~irgimbih gmyimbi ljt li ymhirx`mh `mh g ìbxih ow xli iqimx% gmbeyh&

gmd ljt li riibx jm xlif ` `m `hyex- Ajr i|`f~ei% `hyex tlj i|~irgimbih

xr`yf` gm blgehljjh% ybl ` xli ej j ` ~`rimx jr i|yè òyi% jxim bjmxgmyi

xj oe`fi xlifieqi hi~gxi ~jgoew cmjtgmd ,gmxieeibxyèew' xl`x xliw tiri mjx

ri~jmgoei-

Mid`xgqi i|~irgimbi `mh xligr bjmipyimbi b`m ei`h xj ` bwbei j yrxlir rigm&8-

jrbgmd j mid`xgqi i|~irgimbi- Ajr i|`f~ei% ` blgeh tlj g lw f`w oi oyeegih

jr xiìh% tlgbl ei`h xj yrxlir tgxlhr`tè `mh gmbriìh gje`xgjm- Dr`hyèew xli

blgeh f`w d`gm bjmhimbi xlrjydl y~~jrxgqi i|~irgimbi- Ljtiqir ` e`xir xr`y&

f`xgb iqimx f`w yrxlir rigmjrbi xli ie oiegi j oigmd hgirimx `mh xl`x “jfi&

xlgmd fyx oi trjmd tgxl fi‗% tlgbl gmyimbi rgimhlg~ `mh ~`rxmir bljgbi gm

mid`xgqi% rigmjrbgmd t`w-




== 021

A`fgew ~`xxirm mh wxif f`w bjmxgmyi xj rigmjrbi xrimdxl mh qyemirògegxgi9-gmxj `hyexljjh- @m gmhgqghyè b`m oi ejbcih gmxj ` rjei jr ~`xxirm j oil`qgjyr% mjx

jmew gm rie`xgjm xj lir jrgdgmè `fgew oyx èj gm yoipyimx rie`xgjmlg~- Ajr i|&

`f~ei jfijmi tlj xjjc jm xli rjei j “fihg`xjr‗ gm ` qirw bjmgbxih `fgew f`w

oibjfi ` fihg`xjr gm `hyex rie`xgjmlg~% ~yxxgmd `ghi lir jtm miih jr higri

jr xli jxlir ~irjm-

I|~jyri xj% `mh ybbiye f`m`difimx j% fgmjr xrii hyrgmd blgehljjh `mh1-

`hjeibimbi b`m oygeh bj~gmd xr`xidgi ‒ xlii ybbii xi`bl ~ij~ei xliw b`m

bj~i mh xli bj~gmd xr`xidgi b`m oi xr`mirrih xj hgirimx egi blèeimdi-

@hjeibimbi g ` xgfi j ojxl qyemirògegxw `mh j~~jrxymgxw oib`yi dri`x ~lwg&4-

bè `mh ifjxgjmè bl`mdi x`ci ~e`bi- îir rie`xgjmlg~ `mh ~riyri `ri ~`rxgby&

e`rew gmyimxgè- Fimxè lièxl ~rjoeif ybl ` blg{j~lrimg` `mh hi~rigjm f`w

ifirdi jr xli rx xgfi gm xlg ~lì-

Xli fi`mgmd xl`x `m gmhgqghyè `xx`bli xj iqimx `mh rie`xgjmlg~ g gf~jrx`mx<-

xj lièxlw ifjxgjmè `hkyxfimx% j i|~ejr`xgjm j ~`x i|~irgimbi `gf b`m lie~

xli begimx xj f`ci imi j lir lgxjrw- Xlg cgmh j i|~ejr`xgjm ripygri `hq`mbih

bjymieegmd cgee `mh ljyeh jmew oi hjmi ow ` qirw i|~irgimbih bjymieejr gm y&

~irqggjm-

I|~irgimbi `mh gmyimbi rjf blgehljjh b`m oi jrf`xgqi `mh ejmd e`xgmd% oyx7-

`hyex i|~irgimbi bjmxgmyi xj l`~i mh gmyimbi xli ~irjm- Xli egximgmd lie~ir

b`m gx xli begimx xj ri`bl mit mh fjri ~jgxgqi ymhirx`mhgmd j xligr byrrimx

i|~irgimbi-



024 55


Hiqiej~fimxè Gyi xj Bjmghir gm Bjymieegmd

1&0? wi`r

Blgehrim gm xlg `di drjy~ `ri bjmbirmih tgxl oigmd ribjdmgih% oyw `mh ~rjhybxgqi-

@bbi~x`mbi ow rgimh g ej gf~jrx`mx- Blgehrim ei`rm ljt xj tjrc iibxgqiew gm drjy~%

` tiee ljt xj tjrc bjf~ixgxgqiew- rjoeif gm xlg hiqiej~fimxè x`di jxim bimxri

jm mjx iiegmd `hipy`xi jr `bbi~xih- ,Mjxi; xlg bjyri hji mjx ipyg~ bjymieejr xj

hiè tgxl xlg `di drjy~ ‒ ~ibgè cgee `mh i|xr` xr`gmgmd g miihih xj tjrc tgxl wjymd

~ij~ei-'

@hjeibimbi

Xli ~rgf`rw bjmbirm gm xlg hiqiej~fimxè x`di g òjyx mhgmd jmi‗ ghimxgxw- @hjei&

bimx `ri bjmbirmih tgxl ljt jxlir qgit xlif% ` tiee ` ljt xliw iie òjyx xlif&

ieqi- ^rjoeif gm xlg x`di `ri jxim `rjymh rjei bjmygjm% hjyox òjyx i|y e

ghimxgxw mh gmògegxw xj hibghi jm b`riir ~`xl- ,Mjxi; xlg bjyri hji mjx ipyg~ bjym&

ieejr xj hiè tgxl xlg `di drjy~ ‒ ~ibgè cgee `mh i|xr` xr`gmgmd g miihih xj tjrc

tgxl hjeibimx-'

Wjymd `hyexljjh

Fjx ~ij~ei l`qi jrfih ` imi j ghimxgxw gm `hjeibimbi `mh xly xli mi|x x`c g xj

l`ri xlg ghimxgxw tgxl jfijmi iei- Agmhgmd gmxgf`bw `mh `qjghgmd gje`xgjm g ` bim&

xrè bjmbirm gm xlg hiqiej~fimxè x`di-

@hyexljjh

Gm `hyexljjh% xli bjmbirm g `rjymh ~`gmd jm cmjteihdi xj xli mi|x dimir`xgjm ,gm&beyhgmd jmi‗ blgehrim' `mh ri`blgmd ybbi gm q`rgjy `~ibx j egi- ^rjoeif gm xlg

x`di `ri jxim `rjymh iiegmd xybc jr e`bcgmd gm `blgiqifimx-

Jeh `di

Gm jeh `di% xli f`gm bjmbirm g òjyx d`gmgmd ` imi j xli fi`mgmd j jmi‗ egi% `mh

ejjcgmd o`bc jm tl`x jmi l` `blgiqih- Xliri g jxim ` i`r j hi`xl `mh ` imi j

hi~`gr tlim jmi riègi xgfi g rymmgmd jyx xj hj xlgmd mh blgiqi djè- @ imi j

`bbi~x`mbi `mh gmxidrgxw g gf~jrx`mx xj f`xir gm xlg egi x`di-




== 02<

@bxgqgxw ?-<

Egaioj`x i|irbgi

Ryddixih fixljh;

Xli ixxgmd jr xlg i|irbgi g gmcgmd lg~ li`hgmd jr ` hiirxih ge`mh- Xgfi g0-

rymmgmd jyx- Gm fèe drjy~ j xlrii% ~`rxgbg~`mx `ri gmxrybxih xj bljji jyr

~ij~ei ,mj fjri' tlj tgee jbby~w ` qèyòei ~e`bi gm xli egioj`x- Xliw l`qi 2>

fgmyxi xj f`ci xligr hibggjm ` ` drjy~-

L`qi xli jeejtgmd trgxxim jm xli g~bl`rx mh hg~e`wih xj xli drjy~;?-

wjyrie u

` riegdgjy LGQ&~jgxgqi wjymd fjxlir `mh lir oòwu

` xriix blgehu

` rixgrih ljfij~`xlgb lièir gm ` tliiebl`gru

` wjymd @rgb`m f`m tlji ~`rimx ri tièxlw hg~ejf`xu

` ogi|yè xyhimx tlj g xlgmcgmd j hrj~~gmd jyx j bjeeidiu

` tlgxi rx&wi`r xyhimx tlj l` hgbjqirih xl`x li g ~ridm`mxu

` djjh&ejjcgmd% l`rh&tjrcgmd% ~j~ye`r fèi mè&wi`r xyhimxu

` ~jx&dr`hy`xi fihgbè xyhimx rii`rblgmd ` byri jr b`mbir-u

Yi xli rif`gmgmd xgfi xj hgby xligr hibggjm- @c i`bl drjy~ xj l`ri xligr2-

jyr “`qih‗ ~ìmdir `mh ~rjqghi ` r`xgjmèi jr xligr hibggjm- @bcmjteihdi

xl`x jmbi ti l`qi gmgdlx gmxj jyr jtm ~irjmè ~rikyhgbi% ti b`m mh t`w xj

~yx xlif `ghi xj oibjfi fjri dimygmi gm jyr rjei ` ~iir y~~jrxir-

Drjy~ tjrc

Xj bri`xi `m `t`ri&u

mi j xli m`xyri

`mh i|gximbi j

~irjmè% gmxgxy&xgjmè mh jbgixè

~rikyhgbi-

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi m ymhir&

x`mhgmd j y~imh&

gmd kyhdifimx gm `

bjymieegmd bjmxi|x-

1> fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi




027 55


Egaioj`x I|irbgi

Xli ixxgmd jr xlg i|irbgi g gmcgmd lg~ li`hgmd jr ` hiirxih ge`mh- Xgfi g rymmgmd jyx!

Bljji jyr ~ij~ei ,mj fjri' tlj tgee jbby~w ` qèyòei ~e`bi gm xli jmew egioj`x;

wjyrie Ø

` riegdgjy LGQ&~jgxgqi wjymd fjxlir `mh lir oòwØ

` ~jjr xriix blgehØ

` rixgrih ljfij~`xlgb lièir gm tliiebl`grØ

` wjymd @rgb`m f`m tlji ~`rimx ri tièxlw hg~ejf`xØ

` ogi|yè xyhimx tlj‗ xlgmcgmd j hrj~~gmd jyx j bjeeidiØ

` tlgxi rx&wi`r xyhimx tlj l` hgbjqirih xl`x li g ~ridm`mxØ

` djjh&ejjcgmd% l`rh&tjrcgmd% ~j~ye`r fèi mè&wi`r xyhimxØ

` ~jx&dr`hy`xi fihgbè xyhimx rii`rblgmd ` byri jr b`mbir-Ø

0-

?-

2-

8-

Tlim ti rx fiix ~ij~ei% ti f`ci `yxjf`xgb kyhdifimx tgxlgm ` it ibjmh- Rjfi

j xlii kyhdifimx `ri f`hi jm xli o`g j ~rikyhgbi- ^rikyhgbi fi`m xl`x wjy l`qi `

~rihixirfgmih j~gmgjm jr og` xjt`rh jfijmi% oìh jm wjyr ~`x ei`rmx i|~irgimbi jr

xirijxw~i% i-d- g wjy drit y~ xlgmcgmd xl`x ~ij~ei tgxl x`xxjj ri o`h% wjy fgdlx oi ~riky&

hgbih xjt`rh ` begimx tgxl x`xxjj!




== 08>

@ bjymieejr% gx g qirw gf~jrx`mx xl`x ti i|~ejri tl`x ~rikyhgbi i|gx gm jyr jbgixw% bjf&

fymgxw `mh `fgew- Jyr ~irjmè xirijxw~i bjejyr xli t`w ti ii gmhgqghyè% jfixgfitgxljyx y oigmd `t`ri- Xli jeejtgmd pyixgjm fgdlx oi lie~ye jr wjy xj ie&riibx jm

wjyr ~jgoei ~rikyhgbi;

Ljt hj G iie òjyx ~ij~ei tlj `ri ` hgirimx r`bi * byexyri rjf fi:0-

Ljt hj G iie òjyx ~ij~ei tlj ~r`bxgbi ` hgirimx riegdgjm xj fw jtm:2-

Ljt hj G iie òjyx ~ij~ei tlj `ri fybl òjqi * fybl oiejt fw m`mbgè x`&8-

xy:

G xliri `mw xw~i j ~irjm xl`x f`ci fi iie ymbjfjrxòei:9-



080 55


@bxgqgxw ?-7

I|~e`gm blèeimdi

Blèeimdi H`w 2

Ljfitjrc mh drjy~

hgbygjm

^`rxgbg~`mx ~~ewu

xlijrw ei`rmx xj `

bì xyhw-


b`m oi yih jr

iqèy`xgqi ~yr~ji-

9 fgmyxi

_i`h xli Fjhie j Bjymieegmd mjxi `mh `~~ew xlif xj xli bì&xyhw-

Ryddixih fixljh;

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj ri`h xli bjymieegmd fjhie mjxi d`gm tlim xliw dix ljfi0-

`mh xj `~~ew gx xj xli bì xyhw j F`ddgi gm xligr bjyri f`myè-

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj i|~ejri xli bjymieegmd ~rjbi xliw tjyeh jeejt `mh xli?-

~jgoei cgee xliw tjyeh yi-

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj orgmd xligr mjxi xjfjrrjt-2-

Xli jeejtgmd h`w% bjeeibx ~`rxgbg~`mx‗ mjxi `mh f`rc `mtir `bbjrhgmd xj xli8-

jeejtgmd o`gb brgxirg`-

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi




== 08?

Bì Rxyhw & F`ddgiYi xlg Bì Rxyhw jr xli Blèeimdi jm H`w 2-

_i`h xli Fjhie j bjymieegmd mjxi mh ~~ew gx xj xli jeejtgmd bì xyhw- I|~ejri xli bjym&

ieegmd ~rjbi wjy tjyeh dimirèew jeejt% g wjy tiri xli bjymieejr% `mh ejjc `x xli ~jgoei

bjymieegmd cgee wjy bjyeh yi-



082 55


@bxgqgxw ?-0>

Blibc jyx

Ryddixih fixljh;


i|~irgimbi% i-d- ljt hj G iie% hgh xli h`w iie tjrxltlgei% hj G iie G t` ~ylih

jyx j fw bjfjrx {jmi:

@ej gmqgxi ~`rxgbg~`mx xj l`ri xligr xljydlx j xli drjy~‗ i|~irgimbi% i-d-?-

hgh xli drjy~ iif xj oi ojmhgmd% t` iqirwjmi ~`rxgbg~`xgmd ipyèew% tirixliri `mw ximgjm% ljt t` xli drjy~‗ imirdw% tiri xli drjy~ ryei oigmd je&

ejtih:



Orgiw riibx * yff`rgi gfge`r gmhgqghyè i|~irgimbi gmxj drjy~ i|~irgimbi8-




i|~irgimbi

@ bjffjm drjymhu

g bri`xih fjmdx~`rxgbg~`mx-

^`rxgbg~`mx l`qi ù

~`bi xj riibx jm

gdmgb`mx `bxjr

jyxghi xli drjy~

xl`x bjyeh gmyimbi

xli drjy~ ~rjbi-

^`rxgbg~`mx l`qi ù

~`bi xj riibx jm

xligr xljydlx mh

iiegmd j drjy~&

`mh bjyri&rie`xih

i|~irgimbi-

?9 fgmyxi

Mjmi

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi





== 088

H`w Ajyr; Lie~gmd begimx xiee xligr xjrgi ‒ egximgmd

@bxgqgxw ?-00


Ryddixih fixljh;

Gmqgxi ~`rxgbg~`mx xj orgiw l`ri “tliri xliw `ri‗ gm xirf j ~riqgjy h`w‗ `mh0-




Gmqgxi ~`rxgbg~`mx xj l`ri xligr xljydlx òjyx xli blèeimdi ‒ xli2- Bì&xyhw

‒ `mh bjeeibx xligr `mtir liix jr f`rcgmd-

Orgiw riibx * yff`rgi gfge`r gmhgqghyè i|~irgimbi gmxj ` drjy~ i|~irg&8-

imbi% g ~~rj~rg`xi-



i|~irgimbi-

^`rxgbg~`mx l`qi ù

~`bi xj riibx jmxli ~riqgjy iqimgmd

`mh xligr xljydlx

òjyx xli ~riqgjy

h`w `xir jfi xgfi

l` ~ìh-

^`rxgbg~`mx orgiwu

hgby xli i|~irg&

imbi j hjgmd xli

blèeimdi-

2> fgmyxi

Blèeimdi

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi




089 55


@bxgqgxw ?-0?

Dyigmd mjm&qiroè aiiegmd

Ryddixih fixljh;

Hgqghi xli drjy~ gmxj xtj-0-

Dgqi i`bl fifoir j jmi lè j xli drjy~ ` ~gibi j ~`~ir% tgxl ` iiegmd tjrh?-

jm gx ‒ ojrih% gmxirixih% `h% `mdrw% gf~`xgimx% l`~~w% ryxr`xih% byrgjy% hg&

xr`bxih% m|gjy% bèf% ymbjfjrxòei% xgrih- F`ci yri xl`x gmxirixih mh ojrih

`ri bljim-

@c xli òjqi drjy~ j “bjymieejr‗ xj gx gm ` rjt `mh xj ~jrxr`w xligr “iiegmd‗2-

mjm&qiroèew% xlgmcgmd ojyx ojhw e`mdy`di mh iwi bjmx`bx-

Xli jxlir lè j xli drjy~ `ri xj `bx egci ~jximxgè begimx iicgmd ` bjymieejr-8-

Xliw ljyeh tèc `rjymh xli rjjf% joirqi mjm&qiroè oil`qgjyr `mh hibghi

tlgbl “bjymieejr‗ xliw tjyeh t`mx xj ii `mh x`mh ow xl`x ~irjm-

Xli drjy~ b`m xlim dyi xli mjm&qiroè iiegmd j i`bl j xli “bjymieejr‗-9-

Gmqgxi bjffimx mh hgbygjm-

Aglojte “bl`r`hi‗

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi t`rimi j

ojhw e`mdy`di mh

tl`x xliw b`m ei`rmòjyx xligr begimx ow

joirqgmd mjm&qiroè

iiegmd-

2> fgmyxi

Mjmi

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi





== 081

@bxgqgxw ?-02

@bxgqi egximgmd

Li`rgmd; xli ~lwgjejdgbè ~rjbi j jymh oigmd xr`mfgxxih xj xli or`gm-

Egximgmd; ` bjf~ei| ~rjbi j gmxir~rixgmd `mh ymhirx`mhgmd xli fi`mgmd

j tl`x xli ~irjm g `wgmd-

Ryddixih fixljh;

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj xlgmc ojyx xli e`x xgfi jfijmi xryew0- egximih xj xlif- Dgqi

gm~yx jm bxgqi egximgmd-

Trgxi hjtm xli jeejtgmd ~jjr egximgmd lògx jm ` g~bl`rx; de`w&iwih3 rih?-

`d3 j~im i`r&bejih fgmh% mh orgiw i|~e`gm-

Hgqghi xli ~`rxgbg~`mx gmxj fèe drjy~ mh dgqi i`bl drjy~ ~gibi j g~bl`rx2-

~`~ir `mh ~im-

@c xli drjy~ xj xlgmc j `mh kjx hjtm xw~gbè gxy`xgjm tlim xli òjqi ~jjr8-

egximgmd lògx jbbyr-

@ej% imbjyr`di drjy~ xj xlgmc j t`w xj hiè tgxl xli ~gxèe xj egximgmd-9-

Xlii ljyeh èj oi trgxxim hjtm-

Gm xli e`rdi drjy~ imbjyr`di iiho`bc-1-

Hgh`bxgb gm~yx `mh fèe

drjy~ hgbygjm

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi t`rimi j

xli gf~jrx`mbi j egximgmd-

^`rxgbg~`mx ymhir&u

x`mh xli mid`xgqi

gf~`bx j ~jjr

egximgmd-

1> fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi




084 55


@bxgqi Egximgmd

Xlgmc òjyx xli e`x xgfi jfijmi rièew egximih xj wjy yeew% tgxljyx dgqgmd wjy xligr jtm

j~gmgjm% i|~irgimbi jr `hqgbi- Xlgmc j xli e`x xgfi wjy rièew iex xl`x jfijmi t` dgq&

gmd wjy xligr yee `xximxgjm- Gx hjim‗x l`~~im jxim xl`x ~ij~ei `ri rièew dgqim xli bl`mbi xj

xèc xj jfijmi tlj g yeew egximgmd xj xlif% i|bi~x gm m iibxgqi bjymieegmd rie`xgjmlg~-

Djjh egximgmd g xli bjrmirxjmi j iibxgqi bjymieegmd- Tgxljyx gx% jxlir bjymieegmd cgee

tjyeh oi yiei mh y~irbgè- @bxgqi egximgmd gmqjeqi egximgmd;

Egximgmd g ` hgbyex cgee% tlgbl ripygri ` ejx j hgbg~egmi `mh ie&bjmxrje- Gx gmqjeqi cii~&

gmd jmi‗ jtm miih `ghi `mh ~`wgmd `xximxgjm xj `mjxlir‗ miih- Xli jeejtgmd `ri bjf&

fjm ~jjr egximgmd lògx xl`x ti miih xj oi `t`ri j;

De`w&iwih egximgmd

Xlg l`~~im tlim ti ejjc `x xli ~irjm% mh ti iif xj oi egximgmd% èxljydl ti ri

xlgmcgmd j jxlir xlgmd- Ti dix “de`w&iwih‗ `mh jxim ` hri`fw i|~rigjm `~~i`r jm

jyr `bi- Xlg jxim l`~~im tlim ti‗ri xgrih jr ~rijbby~gih tgxl jxlir xlgmd-

_ih&`d egximgmd

Xlg jbbyr tlim ti li`r ` tjrh xl`x f`ci y iie ymbjfjrxòei jr `mdrw% `mh ti

xj~ egximgmd% i-d- tjrh ybl `; òjrxgjm% R`x`mgx% i|% ixb- @ bjymieejr% gx g gf~jr&

x`mx xl`x ti `ri `t`ri j jyr “rih&`d‗ tjrh% j ti b`m jqirbjfi xlg egximgmd o`rrgir

gm bjymieegmd-

J~im&i`r% bejih&fgmh

Xlg l`~~im tlim ti hibghi xl`x xli ~i`cir g ojrgmd jr xl`x xli yokibx f`ci mj

imi% `mh xl`x gx g mjx tjrxl egximgmd xj xlif- @ej% ti jfixgfi xlgmc ti b`m ~ri&

hgbx tl`x xli ~irjm g djgmd xj `w mi|x% j ti beji jyr fgmh xj yrxlir egximgmd-




== 08<

@bxgqgxw ?-08

Oejbc xj egximgmd

Xliri g ` hgirimbi oixtiim dgqgmd `hqgbi `mh dgqgmd gmjrf`xgjm-

Tlim ` begimx f`ci ` bei`r ripyix jr gmjrf`xgjm% gx g mi xj dgqi gx-

Gm LGQ jr xr`yf` bjymieegmd jr gmx`mbi% gmjrf`xgjm dgqgmd g mibi`rw!

Ryddixih fixljh;

Gm xli e`rdi drjy~% dgqi gm~yx jm i`bl j xli oejbc xj egximgmd-0-

Ori`c xli drjy~ gmxj 4 fèeir drjy~ `mh `gdm i`bl drjy~ jmi j xli oejbc-?-

Gmqgxi i`bl drjy~ xj xlgmc j ` ~irjm gm xligr egqi tlj l` ljtm xlg xwei j 2-

“mjm&egximgmd‗ `mh tl`x xli gf~`bx jm xlif t`-

Gmqgxi l`rgmd gm xli e`rdir drjy~ `mh x`ci iiho`bc jm i`bl oejbc xj egximgmd-8-

Hgby xli ~jgoei gf~`bx j xlii xwei gm bjymieegmd-9-

Imbjyr`di hgbygjm jm xli q`rgjy jox`bei xj egximgmd-1-

Hgh`bxgb gm~yx `mh l

ojte rjei&~e`w

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi t`rimi j


^`rxgbg~`mx ymhir&u

x`mh xli mid`xgqi

gf~`bx j ~jjr

egximgmd-

89 fgmyxi

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi



087 55


Oejbc xj egximgmd

@f`xiyr ~wbljejdgx; Pyixgjm% mèwi mh hg`dmji- R`w xlgmd egci;

Tl`x `ri xli blgehljjh b`yi j xlii ~rjoeif:Ø

Wjy l`qi xj jqirbjfi wjyr gyi tgxl wjyr fjxlir---Ø

Gx bei`rew jymh egci wjy `ri l`qgmd ~`mgb `xx`bc-Ø

Bjff`mhir&gm&blgi; Jrhir xli ~irjm xj dix rgh j xli mid`xgqi iiegmd- Xli “jrhir‗

f`w oi dgqim ~jegxiew% oyx xli xjmi bjmqiw tl`x xli ~irjm fyx hj- R`w xlgmd egci;

Wjy miih xj xj~ iiegmd xl`x t`w-Ø

Gx hjim‗x lie~ xj oi `h òjyx gx-Ø

Wjy l`qi xj rie`| jr wjy `ri djgmd xj oyrm jyx-Ø

Bjmjeir; Hjim‗x rièew t`mx xj dix gmqjeqih% xly egdlxew hgfgi xli ~irjm‗ iiegmd jr

dimirègi- Oiegiqi ` ~`x jm xli o`bc% jfi ri`yr`mbi jr ` by~ j xi` tgee x`ci b`ri

j xlgmd- R`w xlgmd egci;

Hjm‗x tjrrw- Gx‗ djgmd xj oi JC-Ø

Jmbi wjy xlgmc gx jqir wjy‗ee cmjt tl`x xj hj-Ø

Fjx xiim`dir l`qi xl`x ~rjoeif-Ø

Brgxgb; L` xj oi rgdlx- Yi rghgbyei% m`fi&bèegmd% `rb`f `mh kjci- R`w xlgmd egci;

Gx jymh egci wjy `ri ` m`ddgmd tgi-Ø

Rli b`m‗x oi xl`x o`h-Ø

Wjy tiri ryhi% j tl`x hgh wjy i|~ibx:Ø

Kyhdi; Iqèy`xi mh ~ì kyhdfimx jm ~ij~ei‗ iiegmd- Xliw ri gmxirixih gm ~rjq&

gmd xlifieqi rgdlx `mh xli jxlir ~irjm trjmd- R`w xlgmd egci;

G `drii tgxl ,`~~rjqi j:' tl`x wjy l`qi hjmi-Ø

Wjy fyx dj ljfi `mh xiee wjyr `fgew wjy `ri ~ridm`mx-Ø

Hj wjy ii xl`x gx t` wjyr `yex jr dixxgmd `mdrw:Ø




== 09>

Cmjt&gx&èe; L` èe xli `mtir- Eibxyri% `hqgi% ri`jm% `~~iè xj ejdgb `mh dimirèew`bx y~irgjr- R`w xlgmd egci;

Xlgmc òjyx gx jr fgmyxi% tlw hgh wjy l`qi xj hj xl`x:Ø

Yi wjyr li`h-Ø

Tlim G l`h xlg ~rjoeif% G hgh---Ø

Fjrègx; Xiee xli y~ix ~irjm tl`x li jr li ljyeh jr ljyeh mjx iie `mh hj- R`w

xlgmd egci;

@ ` Blrgxg`m% wjy ljyehm‗x xlgmc òjyx hgqjrbi-Ø

Xl`x‗ mjx xli rgdlx t`w xj l`mhei gx-Ø

Wjy ljyehm‗x iie o`h òjyx xlg-Ø



090 55


Tl`x xj egxim ajr




== 09?

@bxgqgxw ?-09

Ygmd geimbi iaaibxgqiew

Xjj egxxei geimbi dgqi xjj egxxei ~`bi jr xli begimx xj xlgmc- Oyx xjj ejmd `

geimbi fgdlx f`ci xli ~irjm iie qirw i~`r`xi rjf xli bjymieejr jr qirw

ie&bjmbgjy-

Ryddixih fixljh;

@c jmi j xli ~`rxgbg~`mx xj qjeymxiir xj oi bjymieejr gm l ojte rjei&~e`w0-tliri xliw tgee hifjmxr`xi djjh `xximhgmd cgee- Xli `bgegx`xjr tgee oi xli beg&

imx-

@xir oidgmmgmd xli igjm% x`ri geimxew gm xli hgx`mbi `mh xlim oidgm xj brw?-

jr ` tlgei ,jr ejjc qirw `h'% `mh xlim imh xli rjei&~e`w-

@c xli bjymieejr `mh joirqir jr iiho`bc-2-

Lgdlegdlx xli yi j geimbi gm èejtgmd xli begimx ~`bi xj ribjeeibx lg*lir8-

xljydlx mh rid`gm bjf~jyri% i~ibgèew tlim begimx ri brwgmd jr xlgmcgmd-

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj ~r`bxgi xlg cgee gm ~`grih rjei&~e`w-9-

Rie&`t`rimi bxgqgxw

`mh ~`grih rjei&~e`w

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi t`rimi j


^`rxgbg~`mx ymhir&u

x`mh xli mid`xgqi

gf~`bx j ~jjr

egximgmd-

89 fgmyxi

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi



092 55


Rgeimbi Gm Bjymieegmd

―Xryi geimbi g xli rix j xli fgmh3 gx g xj xli ~grgx tl`x eii~ g xj xli ojhw%

mjyrglfimx `mh ririlfimx-‖

Tgeeg`f imm

Oigmd geimx gm `m gmxir`bxgjm g jxim ymbjfjrxòei `mh `qjghih- îj~ei `ri xif~xih

xj ee xli d`~ gm ` bjmqir`xgjm- Ljtiqir% gm bjymieegmd% gxxgmd tgxl ` ~irjm gm geimbi

jxim bjffymgb`xi hii~% if~`xlgb ymhirx`mhgmd-

Begimx `ri imbjyr`dih xj i|~ejri iiegmd gm bjymieegmd `mh jxim brwgmd% ljyxgmd

jr ejjcgmd `t`w `ri t`w gm tlgbl xlii iiegmd `ri i|~riih- Xli bjymieejr ljyeh

ri~ibx `mh èejt jr rii i|~rigjm j iiegmd% ow dgqgmd xli begimx ~`bi `mh `~~rj&

~rg`xiew riibxgmd iiegmd-

Xlrjydl ~r`bxgbi% ` bjymieejr tgee ei`rm xli hgirimbi oixtiim ` “xybc geimbi‗ `mh `

“riibxgqi geimbi‗- G wjy `ri ymyri òjyx xli geimbi% gx g JC xj `c xli ~irjm xj be`rgw-

Jxlirtgi% ri~ibx xli geimbi `mh x`w tgxl gx

Rgeimbi b`m oi hgbyex% oib`yi ti `ri mjx yih xj gx- @ xg~ g xj x`w tgxl xli geimbi jr

` ejmd ` wjy `ri bjfjrxòei% `mh xlim ejtew bjymx xj ?>-




== 098

@bxgqgxw ?-01

Bj~gmd cgee

Ryddixih fixljh;

Gmqgxi ~`rxgbg~`mx xj xlgmc òjyx jmi j xli jeejtgmd irgjy egi blèeimdi;0-

hgqjrbi j ~`rimx% hgbyex lièxl ~rjoeif jr rikibxgjm gm ` rie`xgjmlg~-

Xlim xliw ljyeh `mtir xli jeejtgmd pyixgjm;?-

Tl`x tjyeh xliw hj:u

Tlj tjyeh xliw xyrm xj:u

Ljt tjyeh xliw bj~i:u

Xlim gmqgxi xlif xj l`ri gm ~`gr-2-

Xlim gmqgxi hgbygjm gm ~eim`rw ‒ jby jm xli hgirimx bj~gmd xr`xidgi xliw8-

tjyeh `hj~x `mh ljt yiye xlii bjyeh oi-

Gmqgxi xli drjy~ xj orgiw hgby xli rjei j bj~gmd xr`xidgi `mh rigegimbi gm9-

bjymieegmd-

Rie&riibxgjm mh drjy~

hgbygjm

^`rxgbg~`mx i|~ejriu

xligr jtm bj~gmd

xr`xidgi mh xwei-

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi ymhirx`mh&

gmd j xli qèyi j

iegbgxgmd bj~gmd cgee

gm begimx-

Drjy~ ymhirx`mhgmdu

`mh bjligjm g oygex-

1> fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx-

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi




099 55


Tl`x `ri bj~gmd cgee:Arjf ttt-òjyx-bjf `mh ttt-oob-bj-yc

Iqirwjmi bj~i% oyx jfi t`w ri oixxir xl`m jxlir- Ejjcgmd x ljt ti bj~i% mh tl`x ti

t`mx xli jyxbjfi xj oi `ri gf~jrx`mx xi~ xj gf~rjqgmd jqirèe ymbxgjmgmd- Bj~gmd cgee

`ri ògegxgi jr xèimx if~ejwih xj iibxgqiew ri~jmh xj gyi xl`x riyex gm hg`hq`mx`di

jr hqirgxw- Bj~gmd cgee ri ~~egih iqirwh`w% jfi tgxl bjmbgjy xljydlx% jfi tgxljyx-

Bj~gmd g ` ri~jmi xj ~lwgbè% bjdmgxgqi% `mh ~wbljejdgbè xrijr- G jmi‗ bj~gmd cgee

`ri mjx òei xj iibxgqiew `hhri xli xrijr% xliri b`m oi `m gmbriì gm gf~`grih ymbxgjm&

gmd- Rjfi bj~gmd cgee `ri bei`rew ~jgxgqi% jfi `ri mjx j xr`gdlxjrt`rh- Rjfi bj~gmd

xiblmgpyi b`m oi ~rjoeif`xgb mh tjrim xli xri jr iqim b`yi l`rf- Rjfi bj~gmd xibl&

mgpyi ri mjx ~rjoeif`xgb gm fjhir`xgjm% oyx g hjmi xjj jxim oibjfi l`rfye-

^wbljejdgbè xrijr

Ajr jyr ~yr~ji gx g oix xj ejjc x bj~gmd cgee gm xirf j ~wbljejdgbè xrijr- @ ~wblj&

ejdgbè xrijr b`m oi bjmghirih `mwxlgmd xl`x b`yi xli gmhgqghyè xri- Xlg xri b`m

bjfi gm xli jrf j f`mw iiegmd% gmbeyhgmd `m|gixw% `~~rilimgjm% i`r% `hmi% ryxr`xgjm%

`mdir% lyrx% jr `mwxlgmd xl`x xrgddir ` xr`yf` ri~jmi- Xlii b`m oi i~gjhgb ,x`cgmd ` mit

rjyxi xj tjrc' jr ejmd&xirf ,djgmd xlrjydl ` hgqjrbi'- ^wbljejdgbè xrijr `ri ymgpyi xj `m

gmhgqghyè- Gx g gf~jrx`mx xj rififoir xl`x mjx iqirwjmi i|~irgimbi xrijr xli `fi t`w%

`mh xl`x xrijr b`m oi ymgpyi xj ` ~irjm- Rjfixlgmd xl`x jmi ~irjm mh xriye% f`w

`bxyèew oi ` oimgdm jr iqim imkjwòei iqimx xj jfijmi iei-

Bj~gmd tgxl xrijr

Ti bj~i tgxl xrijr iqirw h`w% jxim tgxljyx iqim rièggmd gx- Tlim ti bj~i tgxl xri&

ye iqimx ,iqim g gx g ` gf~ei h`gew x`c'% gx g qgxèew gf~jrx`mx xl`x ti yi lièxlw iibxgqi

bj~gmd cgee- Ajr i|`f~ei g G oibjfi j m|gjy ,xri' ojyx x`cgmd fw b`r xj xli fibl`mgb

,xrijr' xl`x G x`rx lgxxgmd xli xiirgmd tliie% brwgmd `mh xyrm xli b`r `rjymh `mh dj ljfi

,bj~gmd'% G l`qi bj~ih tgxl xli xrijr- Ljtiqir% fw bj~gmd t` mjx iibxgqi gm xl`x G t`

mjx òei xj `bbjf~egl tl`x G miihih xj hj- @ee G hgh t` f`ci xli xri dj `t`w% oyx G hgh

mjx iibxgqiew bj~i tgxl xli xrijr% `mh G f`w l`qi `hhgxgjmè ~rjoeif e`xir tlim fw b`r‗

~rjoeif dix tjri-




== 091

Gf~rjqgmd bj~gmd cgee

Jmbi wjy cmjt tl`x wjyr xrijr `ri `mh ljt wjy bj~i% wjy b`m x`rx xj gf~rjqi wjyr

cgee- Oibjfgmd t`ri j ljt wjy bj~i g xli rx xi~ xj gf~rjqgmd wjyr jqirèe bj~gmd cgee-

Jmew xlim b`m wjy hixirfgmi ljt iibxgqi wjyr bj~gmd g% `mh ljt xj gf~rjqi wjyr jqirèe

cgee-

Rybbiaye bj~gmd ri~jmi

Oigmd ~rj`bxgqi%0- gmxi`h j ~`gqiew t`gxgmd jr xlgmd xj dix oixxir- Xlg dgqi y `m gm&

briìh iiegmd j bjf~iximbi mh ie&ixiif- F`ci hibggjm xj hj jfixlgmd ojyx

xli gxy`xgjm wjy `ri gm-

^r`bxgbi rie`|`xgjm xiblmgpyi-?- _ie`|`xgjm hjim‗x kyx l`~~im ‒ gx‗ cgee wjy miih xj

~r`bxgi- X cgmd ejt hii~ ori`xl lie~ wjy rif`gm gm bjmxrje mh dix xlrjydl xli xri

fjri ibgimxew-

^jgxgqi ie&xèc;2- j jxim% g ti rièew egxim% ti b`m li`r xli mid`xgqi xlgmd ti `ri

xieegmd jyrieqi; ―Rli hjim‗x egci fi‖% ―G‗f djgmd xj fi xlg y~‖% ―Li‗ ymmgir xl`m G `f‖- Ow

ygmd ~jgxgqi ie&xèc % wjy b`m x`rx xj li`r tjrh j imbjyr`difimx mh y~~jrx- Wjy

tgee oi yr~rgih `x ljt hgirimx xl`x iie- Xrw xlg tgxl hii~ ori`xlgmd `mh ii ljt

fybl oixxir wjy iie-



094 55


^lwgbè bxgqgxw;8- gx hji mjx l`qi xj oi fybl- Iqim kyx orgc tèc jr 09 xj ?> fgmyxi

b`m lie~ eiim xri ri`bxgjm mh ~rjfjxi dimirè imi j tiee&oigmd- lwgbè bxgq&

gxw b`yi imhjr~lgm xj oi rieiìh% tlgbl `ri xli ojhw‗ iie&djjh ljrfjmi- _idye`r

i|irbgi b`m ej gf~rjqi wjyr ojhw‗ ogegxw xj l`mhei xri gm dimirè-

Trgxgmd*kjyrmègmd;9- trgxgmd b`m oi `m iibxgqi fi`m j tjrcgmd xlrjydl xri ` tiee

` d`gmgmd oixxir ymhirx`mhgmd j tl`x g ojxlirgmd wjy- Cii~gmd xriye xljydlx xj

jmiie b`m b`yi xlif xj drjt% tiee bri`xgmd mit xri rjf ljehgmd jm xj xlii

y~ixxgmd iiegmd- Trgxi ymxge wjy iie hjmi-

_iègxgb ~~r`gè;1- bj~gmd iibxgqiew tgxl egi‗ ~rjoeif `mh `geyri ripygri riègxgb

i|~ibx`xgjm- wbljejdgx bèe xlii i|~ibx`xgjm mh kyhdfimx ~~r`gè- Egi iqimx

`rim‗x ~rjoeif ymei ti ~~r`gi xlif ybl- G jyr `~~r`gè ri riègxgb% ti‗ri oix&

xir oei xj ri`bx xj h`w&xj&h`w egi iqimx tgxl imi j ~rj~jrxgjm- G gx ~jgoei xj ~yx m

èxirm`xgqi gmxir~rix`xgjm gm xli ~e`bi j m grr`xgjmè kyhdfimx: Ry~~ji jfijmi xri`x

wjy ryhiew- Wjy f`w oi xif~xih xj xlgmc xl`x xl`x ~irjm g ljrrgoei% jr ―Iqirwjmi hgegci

fi‖- @m èxirm`xgqi gmxir~rix`xgjm bjyeh oi; ―G tjmhir tl`x‗ l`~~imgmd tgxl xl`x ~irjm

jr xlif xj oil`qi j ryhiew:‖ Ti l`qi xli bljgbi ljt xj r`fi jyr ~irbi~xgjm-

@rx;4- bri`xgqi imhi`qjyr ri cmjtm fi`m j ie&i|~rigjm- Drò ~gibi j ~`~ir mh

jfi f`rcir% ~`gmx% jr br`wjm- Agee xli ~`di tgxl bjejyr- Gx hji mjx f`xxir tl`x gx ejjc

egci- Kyx hj tl`x iif xj bjfi mi|x- Drò jfi f`d`{gmi% bgjr% mh deyi ‒ f`ci

bjee`di- F`ci ` fjogei- Rbye~x ` l`~i jyx j fyh- @rr`mdi ei`qi `mh or`mbli gm ` k`r

j t`xir- Xli ciw g mjx xj jby jm xli imh ~rjhybx% oyx xli ~rjbi-

Fihgx`xgjm;<- fihgx`xgjm miih mjx oi ` bjf~ei|% xrybxyrih ~rjbi xl`x wjy ei`rm rjf

wi`r j ~r`bxgbi- Wjy hj mjx iqim miih xj oyw ` ojjc- Xlgmc j ` ~e`bi xl`x wjy ejqi- Aj&

by jm xli hix`ge- Ajby jm ljt gx iie xj oi xliri% tl`x jymh wjy li`r% tl`x fiee`rgi- Ajby èe j wjyr `xximxgjm jm xli gf`di- Wjy f`w iqim èe èii~- Xrw hjgmd xlg

tlgei x`cgmd ejt hii~ ori`xl mh egximgmd xj wjyr `qjyrgxi rie`|gmd fygb-

Fygb;7- egximgmd xj fygb g ` ~jtirye xjje gm bj~gmd- Fygb l` xli ~jtir xj x`ci xli

egximir èjmd `mw myfoir j ifjxgjmè ~`xl- ^gbc wjyr fygb tgiew- Blji fygb xl`x

èejt wjy xj iie gm ` ì t`w% oyx hji mjx bri`xi `hhgxgjmè xri- Egximgmd xj bliirw

ejqi jmd% jr i|`f~ei% f`w mjx `bgegx`xi bj~gmd g wjy ri iiegmd `h mh èjmi- Rjfi&

xgfi wjyr fygb ljyeh oi gm xli o`bcdrjymh3 jfixgfi gx ljyeh ee xli rjjf- Cmjt

tl`x tjrc jr wjy% `mh èejt wjyrie xj hj gx-




== 09<

Argimh;0>- xyrmgmd xj rgimh hyrgmd xgfi j xri b`m oi m gmqèyòei bj~gmd xjje- Argimh

b`m qègh`xi tlj wjy `ri `mh ljt wjy iie- Xliw b`m ~rjqghi ` b`rgmd i`r% ri`hw `mh tgee&

gmd xj egxim `mh y~~jrx wjy- Oi `t`ri j tlj wjyr rgimh `ri- Ryrrjymh wjyrie tgxl

b`rgmd y~~jrxgqi ~ij~ei tlj ri pygbc xj kyf~ xj wjyr hiimbi mh t`mx xj ~rjxibx wjy

rjf lyrx ‒ mjx ~ij~ei tlj ximh xj ~yx wjy jm xli ~jx jr f`ci wjy iie hiimgqi-

Djjh myxrgxgjm;00- i`xgmd ` lièxlw `mh tiee&oè`mbih hgix g mjx jmew djjh jr xli ojhw

oyx èj jr xli fgmh- Xliri g `f~ei rii`rbl xj yddix xl`x birx`gm jjh gf~rjqi

fjjh% bjmbimxr`xgjm mh fimxè dgegxw- Gm hhgxgjm% xli bx j ~ri~`rgmd myxrgxgjy fiè

jr rgimh `mh `fgew `gx tgxl gje`xgjm `mh ejmiegmi-

Rfgei;0?- iqim g gx‗ jrbih- Xli ~lwgbè `bxgjm j fgegmd imh ~jgxgqi fi`di xj wjyr

or`gm!



097 55


@bxgqgxw ?-04

Egximgmd ‒ “tl`x G li`rh wjy `w‗

Ryddixih fixljh;

Ori`c drjy~ gmxj ~`gr j begimx mh bjymieejr ‒ xli begimx fyx xlgmc j ribimx0-

iqimx tlgbl d`qi xlif fybl ~ei`yri-

Xli begimx fyx ~i`c jr `x ei`x 9 fgmyxi tgxl mj gmxirry~xgjm rjf xli bjym&?-

ieejr-

@x xli imh j xli 9 fgmyxi xli `bgegx`xjr dgqi xli byi jr xli bjymieejr xj2-

ri~jmh- Xli bjymieejr fyx oidgm ow `wgmd ―Tl`x G li`rh wjy `w g‡‖ `mh

xlim egx% gm xligr jtm tjrh% tl`x xliw li`rh xli begimx `wgmd gm xli 9&fgmyxi

~irgjh-

Xli begimx fyx xlim `w tlgbl ~`rx tiri `bbyr`xi `mh tlgbl tiri mjx% `mh8-

tlw-

I|bl`mdi rjei mh ri~i`x xli ~rjbi-9-

Gmqgxi ~`rxgbg~`mx xj hgby gm ~eim`rw-1-

_jei&~e`w

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi ògegxw xj egxim

xj begimx-

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi ymhirx`mhgmd

j RJEI_ F@^-

2> fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi





== 01>

@bxgqgxw ?-0<

Rxjrgi i|irbgi

Ryddixih fixljh;

@c i`bl ~`rxgbg~`mx xj trgxi hjtm jm ` ~gibi j ~`~ir ` ljrx xjrw hibrgogmd0-

`m gmbghimx% gxy`xgjm jr iqimx tlgbl xliw i|~irgimbih ` qirw gf~jrx`mx `mh

fi`mgmdye-

Xli xjrw fyx oi trgxxim tgxljyx ygmd mw iiegmd tjrh- ^ rxgbg~`mx fyx mjx?-

trgxi xligr m`fi jm xli ~`~ir-

Tlim mglih% bjeeibx ~`~ir mh rihgxrgoyxi xlif rjymh xli drjy~-2-

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj mjt ri`h xlrjydl xli xjrw xliw tiri dgqim `mh xj ghimxgw8-

iiegmd `mh trgxi xlif jm xli ~`~ir-

I`bl ~`rxgbg~`mx xlim ribjymx xj xli drjy~ yff`rw j xli xjrw `mh xli iie&9-

gmd xliw ghimxgih-

G xliw `ri tgeegmd% xli ~`rxgbg~`mx tlj trjxi xli xjrw riqiè xligr ghimxgxw `mh1-

bjmrf jr hgbjmrf xli bbyr`bw j xli iiegmd xl`x tiri ghimxgih- Imbjyr&

`di drjy~ hgbygjm-


drjy~ hgbygjm

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi ymhirx`mhgmd

j xli gf~jrx`mbi j jbygmd jm iiegmd

r`xlir xl`m jmew jm

bjmximx tlim egxim&

gmd xj begimx‗ xjrgi-

^`rxgbg~`mx hif&u

jmxr`xi xli `rx j

ghimxgwgmd iiegmd-

1> fgmyxi

Oe`mc @8 ~`~ir

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi




010 55


@bxgqgxw ?-07

I|~e`gm blèeimdi

Blèeimdi h`w 8

Joirqi ~ij~ei‗ mjm&qiroè “ojhw e`mdy`di‗ `rjymh wjy `mh hjbyfimx xlrii

bì&xyhgi-

Ryddixih fixljh;

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj joirqi ~ij~ei‗ ojhw e`mdy`di rjymh xlif x ljfi% gm xli0-

bjffymgxw% gm jbgè ixxgmd% ixb-

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj x`ci mjxi% `mh g ~jgoei xj t`xbl ljt ~ij~ei‗ mjm&qiroè?-

bjffymgb`xgjm gf~`bx jm jxlir ~ij~ei-

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj orgmd xligr mjxi xjfjrrjt2-

Ljfitjrc mh drjy~

hgbygjm

^`rxgbg~`mx ~~ewu

cgee ei`rmx jyxghi

xli bjyri bjmxi|x-


b`m oi yih jr

iqèy`xgqi ~yr~ji-

9 fgmyxi

Blèeimdi

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi





== 01?

@bxgqgxw ?-?>

Blibc jyx

Ryddixih fixljh;






ejtih:




i-d- ―‡gx iif egci xli f`kjrgxw j xli drjy~ iie i|bgxih `mh imirdgih xjh`w‖-



i|~irgimbi-

@ bjffjm drjymhu


^`rxgbg~`mx l`qi ù

~`bi xj riibx jm

gdmgb`mx `bxjr

jyxghi xli drjy~

xl`x bjyeh gmyimbi

xli drjy~ ~rjbi-

^`rxgbg~`mx l`qi ù

~`bi xj riibx jm

xligr xljydlx `mh

iiegmd j drjy~&

`mh bjyri&rie`xih

i|~irgimbi-

?9 fgmyxi

Mjmi

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi




012 55


H`w Agqi; Lie~gmd begimx xiee xligr xjrw ‒ ri~jmhgmd

@bxgqgxw ?-?0


Ryddixih fixljh;





Gmqgxi ~`rxgbg~`mx xj l`ri xligr xljydlx ojyx xli blèeimdi ‒ joirqgmd mjm&2-

qiroè e`mdy`di ‒ `mh hgby-


g ~~rj~rg`xi-



i|~irgimbi-

^`rxgbg~`mx l`qi ù

~`bi xj riibx jmxli ~riqgjy iqimgmd

`mh xligr xljydlx

òjyx xli ~riqgjy

h`w `xir jfi xgfi

l` ~ìh-

^`rxgbg~`mx orgiwu

hgby xli i|~irg&

imbi j hjgmd xli

blèeimdi-

2> fgmyxi

Blèeimdi

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi





== 018

@bxgqgxw ?-??

Oil`qgjyr bl`mdi

Ryddixih fixljh;

Gmqgxi i`bl ~`rxgbg~`mx xj xlgmc ojyx xgfi tlim xliw tglih xj bl`mdi jfi&0-

xlgmd òjyx xligr jtm oil`qgjyr% i-d- xliw xrgih xj oibjfi lièxlgir xlrjydl `

tigdlx ej `mh i|irbgi ~rjdr`ffi% xliw xrgih xj dgqi y~ fjcgmd% xliw xrgih

xj hiqiej~ oixxir bjffymgb`xgjm tgxl ` ~`rxmir*~`rimx*blgeh*bjeei`dyi- Tl`x

tjrcih jr hgh mjx tjrc xj bri`xi ybbiye oil`qgjyr bl`mdi: Rl`ri tgxl `

~`rxmir gm xli rjjf-

Gmqgxi ` it ~`rxgbg~`mx xj dgqi iiho`bc `mh hgby-?-

Egmc iiho`bc xj oil`qgjyr bl`mdi gm dimirè% ~riimx xlibfjhie `mh egmc xj2-

iiho`bc-

Hgby egfgx rid`rhgmd tl`x xli bjymieejr b`m `blgiqi-8-

^`grih mh ~eim`rw

hgbygjm

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi ymhirx`mhgmd

j xli bjf~ei|gxgi j oil`qgjyr bl`mdi-

^`rxgbg~`mx ei`rmu

` gf~ei fjhie j

oil`qgjyr bl`mdi-

^`rxgbg~`mx hiqiej~u

`m `t`rimi j xli

egfgx`xgjm j bjym&

ieegmd-

89 fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi




019 55


Oil`qgjyr bl`mdi ‒ ` gf~ei fjhieI|~irgimbi l` x`ydlx y xl`x kyx dgqgmd ~ij~ei gmjrf`xgjm òjyx ` xj~gb g mjx imjydl xj

bl`mdi ~ij~ei‗ oil`qgjyr- @ bjymieejr ti miih xj ymhirx`mh xl`x oil`qgjyr bl`mdi%

dgqim gx ymh`fimxè `mh ~rgq`xi m`xyri% g ~irl`~ jmi j xli fjx bjf~ei| f`xxir-

Tlim ti xlgmc ojyx xrwgmd xj lie~ ~ij~ei bl`mdi xligr oil`qgjyr% ti miih xj bjmghir xli

jeejtgmd pyixgjm;

Cmjteihdi;Ø Tl`x cmjteihdi hj xliw l`qi òjyx xli oil`qgjyr xliw

t`mx xj bl`mdi:

Fjxgq`xgjm;Ø Tl`x fjxgq`xgjm hj xliw miih xj `bx jm xlg cmjte&

ihdi:

Rcgee;Ø Tl`x cgee hj xliw l`qi jr miih xj l`qi xj ~yx xlg fjxg&

q`xgjm gmxj ~r`bxgbi:

Fjhie;Ø Hj xliw l`qi `mw fjhie j oil`qgjyr bl`mdi:

If~jtirfimx;Ø Hj xliw iie xliw b`m b`rrw jyx xli bl`mdi ripygrih: Hj

xliw iie if~jtirih xj f`ci xli bl`mdi:

O`rrgir;Ø Tl`x `ri xli o`rrgir `mh bjx xj ybl ` bl`mdi: Tl`x

`ri xli gmbimxgqi:

Rjbgè bjmxi|x;Ø Tl`x rjei hji xli jbgè * byexyrè `mh ibjmjfgb bjm&

xi|x ~e`w gm gmlgogxgmd jr ~rjfjxgmd oil`qgjyr bl`mdi:

Tl`x jbgè bl`mdi g ripygrih xj orgmd òjyx gmhgqghyè

bl`mdi:

ê`mØ Tl`x xi~ `ri mibi`rw xj orgmd òjyx xli bl`mdi `mh

ljt tgee xli begimx ix òjyx x`cgmd xli rx xi~,':




== 011

@bxgqgxw ?-?2

Ifjxgjm b`rh

Ryddixih fixljh;

F`ci ` bj~w j xli0- Ifjxgjm b`rh tjrcliix% byx y~ xli hgirimx b`rh `mh ~yx

gmxj ` l`x-

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj ~gbc ` b`rh% tgxljyx ljtgmd xli jxlir-?-

@c xlif xj xlgmc j ` xgfi tlim xliw iex xlg ifjxgjm-2-

Gm fèe drjy~ j xlrii% `c xlif xj hgby ljt xliw iex% ljt xliw ri~jmhih8-

~lwgbèew% `mh tl`x xliw iex egci hjgmd tgxljyx xieegmd xli drjy~ tl`x ifjxgjm

xliw tiri iiegmd- Xli jxlir ~`rxgbg~`mx fyx xrw `mh dyi xli ifjxgjm `bby&

r`xiew% oìh jm xli iiho`bc-

Gm xli e`rdi drjy~% hgby iiho`bc `mh `c xli drjy~ tl`x xliw l`qi ei`rmx9-

òjyx iiegmd gm xlg i|irbgi-


drjy~ hgbygjm

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi ymhirx`mh&

gmd j xli q`rgjyt`w iiegmd ri

i|~riih ,~lwgbèew%

oil`qgjyrèew% ifj&

xgjmèew' mh ljt

i|~rigjm j iiegmd

hgir fjmdx

~ij~ei-

89 fgmyxi

Ifjxgjm b`rh tjrcliix

`mh l`x jr oj|

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi




014 55


Ifjxgjm b`rh

Xlgmc j xgfi tlim wjy iex xlg ifjxgjm- Tl`x hgh wjy iie gm wjyr ojhw: Tl`x tiri èe xli

hgirimx iiegmd xl`x wjy l`h: Tl`x hgh wjy iie egci hjgmd: Tl`x l`~~imih:

Dygexw I|bgxih Rxriih

@bbi~xih Ejmiew Hg`~~jgmxih

Rljbcih @mdrw Ojrih

Aryxr`xih ^rjyh Kièjy

@m|gjy Bjmyih _iegiqih




== 01<

@bxgqgxw ?-?8

Aiiegmd rx

@ bjymieejr% ti ljyehm‗x ~yl jyr begimx xj i|~ri xligr iiegmd- Rxrjmd

ifjxgjm ri b`rw jr f`mw ~ij~ei mh i|~rigmd xlif b`m f`ci jfi ~ij&

~ei iie jyx j bjmxrje- _ififoir xl`x bjymieejr ljyeh jeejt begimx x xligr

jtm ~`bi-

Ryddixih fixljh;

Gm xli e`rdi drjy~% i|~ejri xli qèyi j iiegmd tjrc `mh imbjyr`di hgbygjm0-

`rjymh xli jeejtgmd pyixgjm;

Tlw g xècgmd òjyx iiegmd gf~jrx`mx gm jyr egqi:u

Hj èe ~ij~ei mh gx i`w xj xèc òjyx iiegmd `mh g j% tlw:u

Tlw hj ti miih xj xèc òjyx iiegmd gm bjymieegmd:u

Hgqghi xli be` gmxj drjy~ `mh dgqi i`bl drjy~ ` ~gibi j g~bl`rx ~`~ir `mh?-

~im-

@c i`bl drjy~ xj or`gmxjrf f`mw iiegmd tjrh xliw cmjt% mh xr`me`xi2-

xlif gmxj xligr ljfi e`mdy`di ,g gx g ` e`mdy`di bjffjmew ~jcim gm Rjyxl

@rgb`'-

Tlim xli drjy~ l`qi mglih% xgbc ee xligr g~bl`rx ~`~ir jm xli tèe gm rjmx8-

j xli be` jr yxyri riirimbi-

Gm xli e`rdi drjy~% riir o`bc xj xli bjymieegmd fjhie `mh xli f`kjr rjei j iie&9-

gmd tjrc gm oygehgmd m if~`xlgb rie`xgjmlg~-

Hgh`bxgb gm~yx `mh

hgbygjm

^`rxgbg~`mx riègiu

xli gf~jrx`mbi j

tjrcgmd tgxl iiegmdgm bjymieegmd-


j xli hgbyexgi

jfi begimx% bjf&

fymgxgi mh byexyri

l`qi tgxl ghimxgw&

gmd `mh qiroèggmd

iiegmd-

^`rxgbg~`mx oygehu

xligr jtm xjjecgx j

tjrh xj bbyr`xiew

hibrgoi iiegmd-

1> fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx ~`~ir% ~im

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi




017 55





== 04>

@bxgqgxw ?-?9

If~`xlgb ri~jmhgmd

Gmhgqghyè trgxxim `bxgqgxw

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi t`rimi j

xli gf~jrx`mbi j

if~`xlgb ri~jmh&gmd cgee `mh ljt

xj `~~ew xlif gm `

bjymieegmd bjmxi|x-

89 fgmyxi

Mjmi

_iibxgjm j bjmximx; xli `bx j tl`x xli begimx g `wgmd `ri riibxih ygmd `

xiblmgpyi bèeih ~`r`~lr`gmd-

^`r`~lrì; ljrx% bei`r ri~jmi gm tlgbl bjymieejr x`xi xli iimxgè ~jgmx

j xli begimx‗ x`xifimx gm xli bjymieejr jtm tjrh-

_iibxgjm j iiegmd; ow bbyr`xiew riibxgmd xli iiegmd% tlgbl ~irjm g i|~i&

rgimbgmd% ti ~rjqghi ` hii~ir ymhirx`mhgmd j ljt `m iqimx l` ìbxih lgf* lir- Xlg bri`xi hii~ir xryx `mh iml`mbi r`~~jrx -

Bjffjm if~`xlgb ~lrì3

Wjy iie‡

G gf`dgmi xl`x wjy f`w oi iiegmd‡

Gx iif egci wjy‗ri iiegmd‡

G tjyeh dyi wjy‗ri iiegmd‡

Gx jymh egci wjy iie‡

Ryddixih fixljh;

^riimx èe mjxi jm riibxgjm oyx xiee xli ~`rxgbg~`mx xl`x i`bl j xli hgirimx0-

riibxgmd cgee tgee oi ~r`bxgih dr`hyèew jqir xli Fjhyei- _ifgmh ~`rxgbg~`mx

xl`x xlii cgee miih bjmx`mx `mh jmdjgmd ~r`bxgbi-

_iir ~`rxgbg~`mx xj xli?- _iibxgjm j iiegmd i|irbgi gm xligr tjrcojjc ,mjxgmd

xl`x jfi j xli fjri `hq`mbih cgee ybl ` hii~ir if~`xlw `mh tjrcgmd

tgxl ~rjbi tgee oi bjqirih gm fjri hix`ge gm Fjhyei 2 ‒ jr i|`f~ei% tlgei `

bjymieejr f`w riibx ~rjbi i`rew gm ` bjymieegmd igjm% xlg g `m `hq`mbih

cgee `mh j gx tgee jmew oi x`ydlx gm ` e`xir Fjhyei'-

@c i`bl ~irjm xj ri`h xlrjydl i`bl ~`r`dr`~l mh xj trgxi hjtm gm xli ~`bi2-

~rjqghih ` riibxgjm j xli bjmximx% `mh `m `bbyr`xi riibxgjm j iiegmd-

Xlim gm xli e`rdi drjy~% gmqgxi hgirimx ~`rxgbg~`mx xj hgby `mtir-8-

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi




040 55





== 04?

Rxriih% jqirtliefih% ~jt&

irei% ~riyrgih% ximi% xgrih%

ymxòei% hi~ir`xi% jyx j

bjmxrje% oyrhimih% i|l`yxih

@ejmi% ò`mhjmih% ejx% oi&

xr`wih% bli`xih% jyxb`x hi&

bigqih% ejmiew% eix&jyx% gje`xih%

lj~iei% rikibxih% tgxlhr`tm%

hgbjyr`dih

Bjmyih% byrgjy% ymyri%

~y{{eih% ymbirx`gm% xybc% y&

~gbgjy% hgjrgimx`xih% x`cim

ò`bc% hgjrd`mgih% fg|ih y~%

hjyoxye

@bbyih% `xx`bcih% oiegxxeih%

hidr`hih% hgirimx% gdmjrih%

kyhdih% fgymhirxjjh% ~yx&

hjtm% bjehih% qgje`xih% qye&

miròei% oe`fih% brgxgbgih%

xrgbcih% oyih

R`h% orjcim&y~% hi~riih% hi&

~imh`mx% hjtm% if~xw% lie~&

ei% lyrx% fgiròei% myfo%

ljbcih% yml`~~w% y~ix%

ti`c% tgxlhr`tm% li`rx&jri%

ejt% xi`rye

Rb`rih% `r`gh% `m|gjy% b`riye%

hgxryxye% rgdlximih% ligx`mx%

mirqjy% ~`mgbcw% ym~ri~`rih%

tjrrgih% ~ixrgih% l`cim% i`r&

ye% bjmbirmih% t`rw

@mdrw% `ddrigqi% ogxxir% ojxl&

irih% `mmjwih% brj% hg`~&

~jgmxih% ryxr`xih% ojrih% yrg&

jy% l`xiye% gf~`xgimx% grrgx`xih%

jimhih% rixei% riqimdiye%

iel% xyoojrm% ymrgimhew%

ymgf~riih% kièjy% ym`~&

~rj`blòei% ~rjqjcih

@bbi~xih% `f`{ih% `fyih%

or`qi% bèf% b`ri&rii% i`dir%

i|bgxih% `bgm`xih% dimirjy%

dr`xiye% l`~~w% lièxlw% lj~i&

ye% ejqih% eybcw% jqirkjwih% ~`&

xgimx% ~i`biye% ~rjyh% riegiqih%

ì% `xgih% ybbiye% yri%

wf~`xlixgb% xlrgeeih% xryxye%

ymhir bjmxrje% ymhirxjjh% qè&

yih% tgeegmd

Dygexw% ifo`rrìh% i|~jih%

jjegl% lyfgeg`xih% gmbjf~i&

ximx% gmibyri% grri~jmgoei%

ridrixye% ie&bjmbgjy% lw%

geew% jrrw% ymbjfjrxòei% ym&

gf~jrx`mx% yiei% `l`fih%

rieybx`mx% ydew% ym`t`ri% fjh&

ix



042 55


@ aiiegmd qjbòye`rw

_iibxgjm

Tlim jfiojhw x`ci xli xgfi xj xiee y xligr xjrw% gx g gf~jrx`mx xl`x ti ri~jmh gm ` t`w

tlgbl ri~ibx tl`x xliw l`qi `gh `mh ljt xlif ti l`qi dr`~ih tl`x xliw `ri xrwgmd

xj `w- _iibxgmd cgee ri xlji cgee tlgbl eejt xli bjymieejr xj ri~jmh hgribxew xj tl`x

begimx l` `gh xj x`ci xli bjmqir`xgjm yrxlir gm yiye hgribxgjm- Xliw ej ljt xli bjym&

ieejr l` oiim egximgmd jr% g xli ri~jmi fgi xli f`rc% dgqi ~irfggjm xj xli begimx xj

~yx xli bjymieejr o`bc jm xr`bc- Gx g èt`w gf~jrx`mx xj oidgm ` ri~jmi tgxl ` pyègir

ybl ` ―Gx iif xj fi ‡‖ jr ―Gx `~~i`r xl`x ‡‖ `mh xj yi ` xjmi j qjgbi tlgbl bjmqiw

ximx`xgqimi- Xlg g mjx oib`yi xli bjymieejr tgli xj `~~i`r ymbirx`gm oyx xj ljt ri&

~ibx jr xli begimx‗ rgdlx xj oi xli mè kyhdi j xli “xryxl‗ j xligr yxxir`mbi% xljydlx `mh

iiegmd-

Ciw riibxgmd ri~jmi

I`bl xiblmgpyi tgee oi geeyxr`xih ygmd xli jeejtgmd begimx x`xifimx;

―Rj mjt fw ~`rxmir l` eix% `mh G‗f èjmi xj hiè tgxl xli ogd ljyi `mh èe

xli bljri- Li lie~ih fi ` ejx- G hjm‗x cmjt g G‗f djgmd xj bj~i mjt-‖

_iibxgjm ja bjmximx

Xli `bx j tl`x xli begimx g `wgmd ri riibxih ygmd xiblmgpyi bèeih ~`r`~lr`gmd- `r`&

~lrì `ri ljrx% bei`r ri~jmi gm tlgbl bjymieejr x`xi xli iimxgè ~jgmx j xli begimx‗

x`xifimx gm xli bjymieejr‗ jtm tjrh- ^`r`~lr`gmd g mjx xli `fi ` gf~ew ri~i`xgmd

tjrh jr tjrh tl`x xli begimx l` `gh% oyx r`xlir xli bjymieejr yi lg*lir jtm tjrh xj

rix`xi xli f`gm ~jgmx j xli begimx‗ x`xifimx-

@m i|`f~ei;

―Rj wjy‗ri `wgmd xl`x mjt xl`x wjyr ~`rxmir l` djmi% wjy‗ee l`qi xj x`ci jm

fjri x`c% `mh wjy‗ri mjx yri wjy b`m f`m`di-‖

_iibxgjm ja aiiegmd

Ow `bbyr`xiew riibxgmd xli iiegmd tlgbl ` ~irjm g i|~irgimbgmd ti ~rjqghi ` hii~ir ym&

hirx`mhgmd j ljt `m iqimx l` ìbxih xli ~irjm `mh bjmmibx tgxl xli begimx `x `m ifj&

xgjmè eiqie% tlgbl b`m orgmd xryx `mh iml`mbi r`~~jrx - _iibxgmd iiegmd `bbyr`xiew x`ci




== 048

jfi ~r`bxgbi- Gm Imdegl% xliri `ri f`mw “iiegmd tjrh‗ j q`rgjy gmximgxgi% i-d- brj% `mdrw%

yrgjy- Jxlir Rjyxl @rgb`m e`mdy`di% ybl ` Rjxlj `mh [yey% hj mjx l`qi f`mw tjrh xjhibrgoi iiegmd x`xi% `mh xly gx x`ci ` ~ibgè cgee xj ljt xl`x wjy ymhirx`mh tl`x xli

begimx g iiegmd- Ygmd fix`~ljr b`m oi yiye gm xlii gmx`mbi i-d- ―Wjyr li`rx iie jri‖

gmxi`h j ―Wjy iie hi~riih‖-

@m i|`f~ei;

―Gx jymh egci wjy‗ri iiegmd tjrrgih `mh jqirtliefih‖- ,Tgxl xlg ri~jmi%

ti ri xgee gm xli begimx‗ r`fi j riirimbi% mh xli begimx x`w jbyih jm lg*

lir iiegmd mh i|~irgimbi-'-

G xli bjymieejr g mjx pygxi yri tl`x xli begimx g iiegmd li jr li b`m `c xli begimx ` iie&

gmd pyixgjm ,―Ljt hji gx iie mjt xl`x wjy‗qi l`h xj x`ci jm èe j xlg jm wjyr jtm:‖ '- Mjxi xl`x

if~`xlw g fjri pygbcew `blgiqih g xli rgdlx iiegmd b`m oi ghimxgih `mh riibxih ow xli

bjymieejr% r`xlir xl`m gx oigmd iegbgxih ow pyixgjm-

_iibxgjm ja fi`mgmd

_iibxgjm j hii~ir if~`xlw ,jfixgfi bèeih riibxgjm j fi`mgmd' g `blgiqih xlrjydl

egmcgmd xli iiegmd xj xli bjmximx- F`mw bjymieegmd f`myè mh bjyri yddix xl`x bjym&

ieejr yi xli ―wjy iie ,xli iiegmd% i-d- `h' oib`yi ,xli ri`jm% i-d- wjyr rie`xgjmlg~ orjci

hjtm'‡‖ jrfye` xj riibx ` bjfogm`xgjm j iiegmd `mh bjmximx- G yih gmbjrribxew `mh gm `

jrfye`gb t`w xlg b`m gffjogegi xli begimx% `mh bl`mdi xli begimx rjf oigmd gm ` ―iiegmd

fjhi‖ xj ` ―xlgmcgmd fjhi‖% g-i- gmxi`h j iiegmd ymhirxjjh% xli begimx g xrwgmd xj tjrc jyx

tlixlir xli bjymieejr l` djx gx rgdlx- G yih tiee% egmcgmd iiegmd xj bjmximx b`m iml`mbi

if~`xlw oib`yi gx x`rx xj orgmd hi~xl% fi`mgmd `mh xi|xyri xj xli bjymieegmd imbjym&

xir- Ow `jbg`xgmd xli iiegmd tgxl ` gxy`xgjm jr iqimx xli bjymieejr g lie~gmd xj xgi y~

xli xlri`h j xli bjmqir`xgjm `mh xj lie~ xli begimx ii tlw% gm ` birx`gm gxy`xgjm% xliwri~jmhih gm ` birx`gm t`w- Rjfixgfi g xli begimx l` èri`hw ghimxgih ` ~`rxgbye`r iiegmd%

xli bjymieejr b`m i|~`mh `mh i|~ejri xl`x iiegmd ow `cgmd xli begimx xj `w fjri òjyx

xli iiegmd jr xj hibrgoi gx gf~`bx- @ bjymieejr b`m èj gf~ew ri~i`x xli iiegmd tjrh gm

ximx`xgqi `mh pyixgjmgmd t`w% imbjyr`dgmd xli begimx xj dj hii~ir `mh yrxlir-

@m i|`f~ei;

―G G‗qi li`rh bjrribxew% wjy‗ri `wgmd xl`x wjy iie b`rih mh jqirtliefih% oi&

b`yi gx iif ` g wjyr ~`rxmir l` eix wjy xj bj~i jm wjyr jtm-‖



049 55


―Rj wjyr ~`rxmir‗ hi~`rxyri l` r`gih ejx j iiegmd gm wjy; ~irl`~ m|gixw%

i`r% `mdir ‡‖

Ojxl xlii ri~jmi èejt xli begimx xj bjmrf jr hgbjmrf tl`x xli bjymieejr g `wgmd-

_iibxgjm ja ~rjbi;

Rjfixgfi ti riibx xli begimx‗ iiegmd rie`xih xj bjymieegmd gxie jr xjt`rh xli bjymie&

ejr- Xlg g bèeih riibxgjm j ~rjbi ,jr gffihg`bw'

@m i|`f~ei;

―Wjy iie ifo`rrìh xècgmd xj fi ojyx ~irjmè xlgmd‖% jr ―Tlim wjy `gh

wjyr ~`rxmir l`h eix wjy G mjxgbih xi`r b`fi gmxj wjyr iwi ‒ xlg iie qirw

`h jr wjy-‖

Rj gffihg`bw cgee b`m riibx jm xli rie`xgjmlg~ oixtiim xli bjymieejr `mh begimx ,jr xli

“~rjbi‗ j tl`x g l`~~imgmd oixtiim xlif'- G% jr i|`f~ei% xli bjymieejr `c xli beg&

imx ` pyixgjm òjyx lir rie`xgjmlg~ tgxl lir ~`rxmir ,―Ljt `ri xlgmd oixtiim wjy `mh wjyr

~`rxmir:‖ ' `mh xli begimx oibjfi qirw `mdrw% xli bjymieejr f`w miih xj `hhri xli begimx‗

ri~jmi jjm ~jgoei- Xli bjymieejr bjyeh ri~jmh gm myfoir j hgirimx t`w;

―Ry`m G mjxgbih wjy djx `mdrw jr `m|gjy tlim G `cih wjy òjyx wjyr ~`rx&

mir% tl`x t` djgmd jm jr wjy gm xl`x fjfimx:‖

―Ry`m xl`x iifih xj oi `m `tct`rh fjfimx oixtiim wjy `mh fi xliri%

~irl`~ ti ljyeh xèc òjyx gx:‖

―Ry`m gx iifih wjy djx qirw `mdrw jr `m|gjy xlim- Bjyeh wjy xiee fi tl`x

`mdirih wjy jr f`hi wjy `m|gjy:‖

Ry`m‗ `mdrw ri~jmi fgdlx l`qi oiim oib`yi li iex lyfgeg`xih òjyx lir xrjyoeih

rie`xgjmlg~ jr iex ~yx jm xli ~jx ow xli bjymieejr xjj i`rew gm xli bjymieegmd igjm- Rli

bjyeh l`qi imih ` ~`xxirm j blèeimdgmd pyixgjm rjf xli bjymieejr% jr li bjyeh l`qi

oiim hiimgqi oib`yi ~riqgjy bjymieejr l`h oiim pygxi kyhdifimxè ojyx lir ~`rxmir-

Jmew ow ygmd xli cgee j gffihg`bw tgee xli bjymieejr dix xj xli rjjx j xli gyi `mh èejt

xli gr xj oi bei`rih- Jmbi xli gyi g jyx gm xli j~im gx b`m oi `hhriih mh xli rie`xgjmlg~

oixtiim xli bjymieejr `mh begimx ~yx o`bc jm `m `fgbòei `mh tjrcòei jjxgmd-

Fix`&bjffymgb`xgjm ,bjffymgb`xgmd òjyx ` bjffymgb`xgjm' g èj ` riibxgjm j ~rj&

bi-




== 041

@m i|`f~ei;

―Wjyr qjgbi iif xj dix fybl ejtir tlim wjy xèc òjyx wjyr gxir‡‖

_iibxgjm j ~rjbi g `m `hq`mbih cgee jmew xj oi yih ow `m i|~irgimbih bjymieejr `mh

èt`w xir djjh% xryxgmd rie`xgjmlg~ l` oiim hiqiej~ih-

_iibxgjm xg~

Tlim ` riibxgjm g `bbyr`xi xli begimx iie imbjyr`dih xj bjmxgmyi ~i`cgmd `mh xj l`ri

fjri ~irjmè gmjrf`xgjm- Liri ri jfi xg~ xj lie~ wjy riibx iiegmd;

0> Bjffjm if~`xlgb ri~jmi ei`h ,t`w ja x`rxgmd ` riibxgjm'

Wjy iie‡

G d`xlir‡

Gx iif xj wjy‡

Gx jymh egci‡

G dyi wjy‗ri iiegmd‡

G G‗f li`rgmd wjy bjrribxew‡

G tjmhir g wjy `ri `wgmd‡

Gx iif egci wjy‗ri iiegmd‡

Egximgmd xj wjy% gx iif ` g‡

G gf`dgmi xl`x wjy f`w oi iiegmd‡



044 55


_iibxgjm ja aiiegmd

Gf`dgmi wjyrie egximgmd xj i`bl j xli ~ij~ei pyjxih oiejt- Xrw xj bjffymgb`xi xj i`bl ~irjm

`m bbyr`xi ymhirx`mhgmd j lg*lir iiegmd% ygmd iiegmd tjrh-

Fjxlir ,88' xècgmd òjyx lir 04&wi`r&jeh jm;

―G b`m‗x oiegiqi gx! ,Rl`cgmd lir li`h ' K`bjo xyhgih xli tljei h`w jr lg xix% tlim lg rgimh tiri

l`qgmd ` ~`rxw mi|x hjjr ,li fgei'- G miqir xljydlx li tjyeh `bxyèew hj gx-‖

_iibxgjm j bjmximx;

_iibxgjm j iiegmd;

Rxyhimx ,??';

―G‗f djgmd xj lj~gxè mi|x tiic jr jfi xix , x`ci ` hii~ ori`xl'- Xli hjbxjr y~ibx gx fgdlx

oi ` r`ri hgiì- G `f mjx yri tl`x xj i|~ibx% , ~`yi' `mh G‗f xlgmcgmd f`woi G ljyehm‗x dj- G‗f

l`qgmd mgdlxf`ri `mh iie egci G b`m‗x i`x-‖

_iibxgjm j bjmximx;

_iibxgjm j iiegmd;




== 04<

F`m ,1>';

―Xli cgh `ri èe drjtm y~ `mh xli ljyi iie j if~xw ,ejjcgmd hjtm'- Mjt xl`x G‗f rixgrih% G hjm‗x

rièew cmjt tl`x xj hj tgxl fwie- G tgl fw tgi l`hm‗x hgih e`x wi`r ,jx qjgbi'-‖

_iibxgjm j bjmximx;

_iibxgjm j iiegmd;

A`xlir ,89' tgxl ` h`ydlxir ,07' tlj t` kyx lgx ow ` b`r;

―G ljyeh l`qi miqir eejtih lir xj dj jyx ,trgmdgmd lg l`mh'- Tl`x tgee fw tgi `w tlim li dix

ljfi ,x`mh y~ mh tèc rjymh '- Gx efjx iie egci G f xli jmi tlj o`lih gmxj K`bcw `mh orjci

lir eid% mjx xli dyw gm xl`x b`r ,gx hjtm `mh x`ri `x jjr% x`~~gmd amdir jm xòei'- G hjm‗x cmjt-‖

_iibxgjm j bjmximx;

_iibxgjm j iiegmd;



047 55


Tjfim ,8>' xècgmd òjyx lir kjo;

―Rjfixgfi gx iie egci G‗f egqgmd egi- G f mjx gmxirixih gm fw tjrc mwfjri- Gx g dixxgmd fjri mh

fjri hgbyex xj dix y~ gm xli fjrmgmd ,ryo lir jrili`h'- Oyx fw oj `w xl`x g G ei`qi% xli ~e`bi

tgee èe ~`rx- G b`m‗x kyx ei`qi xir 0> wi`r ,gdl li`qgew'- Gx‗ j hgbyex-‖

_iibxgjm j bjmximx;

_iibxgjm j iiegmd;

Wjymd tjfim ,?0';

―G t` mjx ejjcgmd jrt`rh xj fw rx h`w `x tjrc- Mit ~ij~ei% mit ~e`bi--- Oyx tlim G djx xliri

xli ~ij~ei tiri rièew rgimhew ,fgei'% xliw iqim gmqgxih fi jr hrgmc `xirt`rh- Gx‗ ` rièew mgbi

`xfj~liri gm xli jbi-‖

_iibxgjm j bjmximx;

_iibxgjm j iiegmd;




== 0<>

Tjfim ,8<';

, @qjgh iwi bjmx`bx% ejjc hjtm' ―G kyx--- , ~`yi% l`ci lir li`h ' G b`m‗x x`ci gx èe `mwfjri‖ ,brgi tgxl

lir li`h gm lir l`mh'-

_iibxgjm j bjmximx;

_iibxgjm j iiegmd;

,+Tl`x tjyeh wjy `w g li ~jci gm ` ejyh qjgbi% xlrjydl drgxxih xiixl: Mjm&qiroè `ri gf~jrx`mx!'

Wjymd f`m ,?7';

―G cii~ xlgmcgmd òjyx jmi j fw djjh rgimh- Ti l`h ` xlgmd jmbi- Rli‗ mjx tiee--- G hjm‗x cmjt

tl`x g trjmd tgxl lir- Ti yih xj dj jyx jxim% oyx mjt li kyx cii~ xj lirie- Gx‗ xr`mdi ,ejjc

hjtm'- Tlw tjyeh li hj xlg:‖

_iibxgjm j bjmximx;

_iibxgjm j iiegmd;



0<0 55


Wjymd f`m ,?7';

―G l`qi LGQ- G hgbjqirih xlg xtj wi`r `dj mh oib`fi rièew gbc- D`qi y~ fw xyhgi mh ejx fjx

j fw rgimh ,ejjc hjtm% ejt xjmi j qjgbi% gdl mh xlim ejjc y~'- E`x tiic G x`rxih @_Q xri`xfimx

`mh gx‗ djgmd tiee ,mjh `mh fgei'- G rièew oiegiqi xlgmd tgee dix oixxir rjf mjt jm- G‗f yri j gx!

Djh tgee lie~ fi xlrjydl gx% G cmjt Li tgee-‖

_iibxgjm j bjmximx;

_iibxgjm j iiegmd;

F`m ,8?' xècgmd òjyx lg fjxlir;

―Gx‗ kyx dixxgmd xjj fybl ,ejyh qjgbi'- Fw fjxlir g èt`w jm fw o`bc òjyx xècgmd xj fw tgi

òjyx l`qgmd cgh- Ti‗qi hibghih mjx xj l`qi cgh% `mh fw fjxlir tjm‗x `bbi~x gx- Rli iqim ~yx

~ridm`mbw ~`f~leix èe jqir jyr ljyi-‖

_iibxgjm j bjmximx;

_iibxgjm j iiegmd;




== 0<?

@bxgqgxw ?-?1

Aiiegmd rjei&~e`w

Ryddixih fixljh;

Hgqghi ~`rxgbg~`mx gmxj ~`gr-0-

Imbjyr`di xli “begimx‗ xj rjei&~e`w ~rjoeif xl`x èe tgxlgm xli xlifi ‒?- Argimh&

lg~ èejyx-

@c xli “bjymieejr‗ xj `bbyr`xiew riibx iiegmd-2-

@xir ` it fgmyxi xj~ xli rjei&~e`w `mh `c xli ~`rxgbg~`mx xj t`~ rjei-8-

Gm e`rdi drjy~% hgby iiho`bc- @c begimx ljt gx iex g xli bjymieejr riibxih9-

bjmximx `mh gdmjrih iiegmd- @c bjymieejr ljt xliw i|~irgimbih xli rjei&

~e`w-

^`grih rjei&~e`w

^`rxgbg~`mx hif&u

jmxr`xi m ymhir&

x`mhgmd j riibxgmd

iiegmd-

89 fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi




0<2 55


@bxgqgxw ?-?4

Ljt G f`ci bljgbi

Ryddixih fixljh;

Gmqgxi ~`rxgbg~`mx xj ee gm xli pyixgjmm`gri0- F`cgmd bljgbi `mh hgby gm fèe

drjy~ xligr ri~jmi xj xli pyixgjmm`gri-

Hgby gm ~eim`rw-?-

Rfèe drjy~ `mh ~eim`rw

hgbygjm

^`rxgbg~`mx xlgmc u

òjyx xli “~rjbi‗ j

f`cgmd bljgbi `mh

tlj gmyimbi xlg-

^`rxgbg~`mx dix `mu

gmgdlx gmxj xli q`rg&

ixw j bljgbi&f`cgmd

xiblmgpyi begimx

f`w yi-

2> fgmyxi

Pyixgjmm`gri jm F`cgmd

bljgbi% Aeg~&bl`rx-

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi





== 0<8

F`cgmd bljgbi

^rjbi

Tlim G f`ci bljgbi G ,xgbc jmi jr fjri `mtir';

f`ci xli hibggjm pygbcew `mh gf~yegqiew

xlgmc xlgmd xlrjydl b`riyeew

tigdl y~ xli hq`mx`di mh hg`hq`mx`di

~i`c xj ` tljei ejx j ~ij~ei jr ghi`

`c jfijmi iei xj xiee fi tl`x xj hj

hj jfi ri`hgmd `mh rii`rbl

eii~ jm gx `mh xlim hibghi

f`ci xlif oìh jm ljt G iie

f`ci xlif qirw ejdgbèew `mh r`xgjmèew

~r`w mh fihgx`xi

hj mjxlgmd `mh t`gx jr xlgmd xj ymjeh

Gmyimbi

Fjx j fw bljgbi `ri gmyimbih

ow ,xgbc jmi jr fjri `mtir';

fw `fgew

fw byexyrè o`bcdrjymh

fw riegdgjm * ~grgxyègxw

fw r`bi * ixlmgbgxw

fw i|yè jrgimx`xgjm

fw dimhir

fw be`

fw jbgè bgrbyfx`mbi

fw ihyb`xgjmè eiqie

fw ~iir

fw `di

fw fjjh

fw ~irjmègxw

fw ifjxgjmè x`xi

fw ie&ixiif

fw bjmhimbi



0<9 55


@bxgqgxw ?-?<

Gmxidr`xgmd cgee ‒ `xximhgmd% egximgmd `mh riibxgmd

Ryddixih fixljh;

Hgqghi ~`rxgbg~`mx gmxj drjy~ j xlrii ‒ bjymieejr% begimx mh joirqir-0-

Imbjyr`di “begimx‗ xj f`ci y~ ~rjoeif xj rjei&~e`w `rjymh xli xlifi;?- F`cgmd

bljgbi-

Lgdlegdlx xl`x “bjymieejr‗ ~r`bxgi xligr `xximhgmd% egximgmd `mh riibxgmd cgee-2-

Imbjyr`di joirqir xj yi xli blibcegx xj iqèy`xi xligr ~iir-8-

Xrg`h rjei&~e`w tgxl jo&

irqir iiho`bc jrf

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi `m gmxidr`xgjm

j bjymieegmd cgeeei`rmx `mh `ri iqèy&

`xih ow joirqir-

1> fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi





== 0<1

Joirqir rjei&~e`w blibcegx

R@P@ YR GH- 0049>9

Joirqi xli bjymieejr gm xli rjei&~e`w `mh f`rc xli `bxjr xl`x wjy joirqih oiejt- @ej%

mjxi x tl`x ~jgmx gm bjymieegmd wjy joirqih * hghm‗x joirqi xli jeejtgmd;

Yi j RJEI_ F@^

Rix y~ gmgxgè driifimx*bjmxr bx

If~`xlw

Dimygmi * riè

_i~ibx

Bèf

Mjx gmxirry~xgmd begimx

@~~rj~rg`xi iwi bjmx`bx

^`wgmd `xximxgjm xj begimx

@~~rj~rg`xi `bgè i|~rigjm

@~~rj~rg`xi ojhw e`mdy`di

Imbjyr`dgmd

If~jtirgmd

Mjm&kyhdifimxè

Egfgxih ie&hgbejyri

_iibxgmd iiegmd bbyr`xiew

_iibxgmd bjmximx * ~`r`~lr`gmd

@eejtgmd xli begimx xj xiee xligr xjrw

Ygmd imbjyr`dir% egci mjhhgmd jr

`wgmd “yl&lyl‗

Mjx cgmd xjj f`mw pyixgjm

_iqgitgmd * xirfgm`xgmd



0<4 55


@bxgqgxw ?-?7

I|~e`gm blèeimdi

Blèeimdi H`w 9

Bjf~eixi _iibxgjm j iiegmd trgxxim `bxgqgxw% `mh rjei&~e`w `x ljfi% g ~jg&

oei-

Ryddixih fixljh;

G ~`rxgbg~`mx hj mjx bjf~eixi xli0- _iibxgjm j iiegmd i|irbgi rjf @bxgqgxw ?-?9

tgxlgm xli xgfi&r`fi- @c xlif xj bjf~eixi gx `x ljfi-

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj ri`h xlrjydl xligr `mtir `mh xj blibc xligr `bbyr`bw ow?-

rjei&~e`wgmd xli bim`rgj tgxl ` rgimh jr `fgew fifoir `x ljfi-

Ljfitjrc mh drjy~

hgbygjm

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi ymhirx`mhgmd

j cgee jyxghi xlibjyri bjmxi|x-


b`m oi yih jr

iqèy`xgqi ~yr~ji-

9 fgmyxi

Blèeimdi

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi





== 0<<

@bxgqgxw ?-2>

Blibc jyx

Ryddixih fixljh;






ejtih:







i|~irgimbi

@ bjffjm drjymhu


^`rxgbg~`mx l`qi ù

~`bi xj riibx jm

gdmgb`mx `bxjr

jyxghi xli drjy~

xl`x bjyeh gmyimbi

xli drjy~ ~rjbi-

^`rxgbg~`mx l`qi ù

~`bi xj riibx jm

xligr xljydlx `mhiiegmd j drjy~&

`mh bjyri&rie`xih

i|~irgimbi-

?9 fgmyxi

Mjmi

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi




0<7 55


H`w Rg|; lie~gmd begimx xiee xligr xjrgi ‒ i|~ejrgmd

@bxgqgxw ?-20


Ryddixih fixljh;





Gmqgxi ~`rxgbg~`mx xj l`ri xligr xljydlx òjyx xli blèeimdi ‒ xli riibxgjm2-

bim`rgj mh hgby xligr `mtir mh i|~ejri blèeimdi-


imbi% g ~~rj~rg`xi-



i|~irgimbi-

^`rxgbg~`mx l`qi ù

~`bi xj riibx jm

xli ~riqgjy iqimgmd

`mh xligr xljydlx

òjyx xli ~riqgjy

h`w `xir jfi xgfi

l` ~ìh-

^`rxgbg~`mx hif&u

jmxr`xi xligr dr`~

j xli blèeimdi jm

riibxgmd-

2> fgmyxi

g~&bl`rx

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi





== 07>

@bxgqgxw ?-2?

Drjy~ Cmjx

Ryddixih fixljh;

Rieibx jmi jr ` it ~`rxgbg~`mx xj oi “f`m`dir‗-0-

Xli rif`gmgmd ~`rxgbg~`mx ljeh l`mh ,`mh fyx mjx eix dj' `mh xgee ljehgmd?-

l`mh tjrc xlifieqi gmxj ` bjf~egb`xih ` x`mdei ` xliw b`m-

@c xli “f`m`dir‗% l`mh oilgmh xligr o`bc `mh tgxljyx xjyblgmd% xj ymr`qie2-

xli cmjx ygmd qiroè gmxrybxgjm jmew-

Xiee ~`rxgbg~`mx xj hj jmew tl`x xliw `ri xjeh-8-

Xgfi xli ymx`mdegmd- Gx yyèew x`ci xlrii jr fjri fgmyxi% g gx jbbyr `x èe- G 9-

`xir 9 fgmyxi xliw l`qim‗x ymx`mdeih% xiee xli ~`rxgbg~`mx xj eix dj-

Gm ` ibjmh `xxif~x% tgxl “f`m`dir‗ gmbeyhih% ri~i`x xli x`mdegmd-1-

Xlg xgfi xiee xli drjy~ xj ymx`mdei xlifieqi- Yyèew gx x`ci òjyx 2> ib&4-

jmh xj hj gx jm xligr jtm-

Gmqgxi hgbygjm j xli gdmgb`mbi j xli i|~irgimbi-<-

Gbiori`cir

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi ymhirx`mhgmd

j gmhgqghyè‗ b`~`&

ogegxw xj jeqi xligrjtm ~rjoeif% r`xlir

xl`m oigmd gmxrybxih

ow jyxghir-

^`rxgbg~`mx ei`rm xliu

qèyi j xi`f tjrc-

09 fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi




070 55


@bxgqgxw ?-22

I|~ejrgmd xlrjydl ~`r`~lr`gmd `mh be`rgawgmd

Ryddixih fixljh;

Dgqi gm~yx jm xli djè `mh jrf j ~`r`~lr`gmd `mh be`rgwgmd cgee-0-

Gm lojte rjei&~e`w xli `bgegx`xjr ljyeh hifjmxr`xi ~`r`~lr`gmd mh be`rg&?-

wgmd tgxl xli jeejtgmd bim`rgj; Wjymd ~irjm ‒ ―Xlg ~rjoeif G l`qi g rièew

dixxgmd fi gmxj xrjyoei èe xli xgfi‖% ygmd drjy~ fifoir xj rjei&~e`w xli begimx-

Lgdlegdlx xl`x pyixgjmgmd g `m `hq`mbih cgee tlgbl tgee oi bjqirih gm fjri2-

hix`ge gm xli mi|x i|irbgi `mh xlim `d`gm gm xli mi|x Fjhyei-

Ori`c ~`rxgbg~`mx gmxj ~`gr `mh `c xlif xj ~r`bxgi xlii cgee tlgei wjy tèc 8-

`rjymh xli rjjf dgqgmd iiho`bc-

Hgh`bxgb gm~yx% hgbygjm

`mh rjei&~e`w

^`rxgbg~`mx hif&u

jmxr`xi t`rimi

j ~`r`~lr`gmd `mh

be`rgwgmd cgee-

^`rxgbg~`mx hif&u

jmxr`xi yi j

~`r`~lr`gmd cgee-

1> fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi





== 07?

^`r`~lr`gmd

@ ~`r`~lrì g ` orgi% ximx`xgqi% x`xifimx tlgbl riibx xli iimbi j tl`x xli ~ir&

jm l` kyx `gh- @ djjh ~`r`~lrì

B`~xyri xli iimbi j tl`x xli ~irjm `gh- Gx ei`qi jyx xli hix`ge-0-

Bjmqiw xli `fi fi`mgmd% oyx yi hgirimx tjrh-?-

G orgi- Wjyr ~`r`~lrì ljyeh oi ljrxir xl`m tl`x xli ~irjm kyx `gh-2-

G bei`r mh bjmbgi- Wjyr ~`r`~lrì ljyeh lie~ be`rgw xlgmd% mjx bjmyi xlif-8-

G ximx`xgqi- Ti t`mx xli begimx xj iie bjfjrxòei tgxl hg`driigmd tgxl jr bjrribx&9-

gmd xli ~`r`~lrì-

Ti yi ` ~`r`~lrì;

Xj blibc ~irbi~xgjm0-

Hj wjy ymhirx`mh tl`x xli ~irjm l` `gh: Tlim wjy ~`r`~lrì tl`x wjy xlgmc xli

~irjm l` `gh% xliw b`m ri`bx xj wjyr ~`r`~lrì `mh xiee wjy tlixlir gx g `bbyr`xi

jr gm`bbyr`xi- Oi yri wjyr ~`r`~lrì `ri ximx`xgqi imjydl j xl`x xli begimx tgee iie

bjfjrxòei bjrribxgmd wjy g wjy‗ri trjmd-

Xj be`rgw tl`x xli ~irjm l` `gh?-

Li`rgmd `m `bbyr`xi ~`r`~lrì j tl`x xliw l`qi kyx `gh lie~ xli begimx xj be`rgw jr

xlifieqi tl`x xliw `ri xlgmcgmd `mh iiegmd- Jxim ` ~`r`~lrì tgee orgmd y~ mit

xljydlx mh iiegmd% bxgmd ~rjf~x xj yrxlir hgbygjm- @ djjh ~`r`~lrì f`w

ei`h xj gmxirixgmd mit i|~ejr`xgjm oib`yi gx dgqi xli begimx `m j~~jrxymgxw xj ri&

jrhir xligr xljydlx-

Xj dgqi `bbyr`xi if~`xlw2-

@m bbyr`xi ~`r`~lrì hifjmxr`xi xj xli ~irjm xl`x wjy ri egximgmd% mh xl`x wjy

ymhirx`mh- Gm iibx% ` djjh ~`r`~lrì `w% ―G‗f tgxl wjy‖-

Rjfi x`mh`rh j~imgmd `ri; ―Eix fi ii g G‗qi djx gx rgdlx‖3 ―Rjymh egci---‖3 ―G xlgmc G li`r wjy

`wgmd---‖3 ―Rj% gm jxlir tjrh---‖



072 55


Be`rgawgmd

Be`rgwgmd g t`w j dixxgmd fjri gmjrf`xgjm ojyx jfixlgmd xli begimx l` `gh ow `cgmd

xlif xj f`ci bei`rir tl`x xliw l`qi kyx `gh- @ mjxih ojqi% xli gf~ei bx j ~`r`~lr`gmd

tl`x xli begimx l` `gh f`w orgmd be`rgxw oib`yi gm xligr ri~jmi xj xli ~`r`~lrì xliw tgee

`yxjf`xgbèew i|~`mh jm xligr tjrh `mh ghi`- Rjfixgfi% ljtiqir% wjy `ri mjx yri tl`x

xliw fi`m ow jfixlgmd `mh gx g mibi`rw xj `c ` pyixgjm `mh xj ~rjoi- ^rjogmd g ` riè

`rx mh g `m hq`mbih cgee tlgbl dix oixxir tgxl ~r`bxgbi- Be`rgwgmd g jrf j dimxei ~rjo&

gmd oib`yi gx hji mjx gmxrjhybi `mwxlgmd gmxj xli bjymieegmd tlgbl g mjx èri`hw xliri

‒ xl`x g% gx x`rx rjf tl`x xli begimx l` èri`hw `gh-

Wjy b`m be`rgw tl`x g mjx bei`r xlrjydl cgmd pyixgjm jr dri`xir ymhirx`mhgmd jr ri~i`x&

gmd begimx x`xifimx tgxl ` pyixgjmgmd gmibxgjm- Ajr i|`f~ei g ` begimx `w ―G èt`w x`ci

fw li`rx ~gee oib`yi j xli blgehrim%‖ xli bjymieejr bjyeh ri~jmh gm `x ei`x xtj t`w;

Ojxl fixljh ~rjf~x xli begimx xj i|~`mh yrxlir jm xli ~`rxgbye`r ~jgmx `mh be`rgw jr xli

bjymieejr tl`x g fi`mx- Gx g gf~jrx`mx xl`x xli bjymieejr bjfi `brj ` dimygmiew gmxir&

ixih gm dri`xir be`rgxw% r`xlir xl`m byrgjy `mh qjwiyrgxgb- Gx g lie~ye xj ~riimx jmiie `

ximx`xgqi% gmxirixih mh gmximx jm oygehgmd bjf~rilimgqi ~gbxyri j xli begimx% xligr xjrw%

xligr miih mh blèeimdi-

Gx b`m oi èj lie~ye jr xli bjymieejr xj ~jgxgjm lirie jr lgfie ` ` “m`êqi‗ egximir% ciim

xj dix xj xli li`rx j tl`x xli begimx g `wgmd oyx `yfgmd mjxlgmd- G xli begimx rièew oi&

egiqi xliw ri xli i|~irx jm xligr jtm egqi% xliw tgee oi tgeegmd xj xiee wjy fjri ojyx xlif

j xl`x wjy xryew ymhirx`mh tliri xliw ri bjfgmd rjf-




== 078

@bxgqgxw ?-28

Gmxirrjd`xjr `bxgqgxw

^rjogmd; lie~ begimx blgiqi bjmbriximi mh be`rgxw-

Ajrf j ~rjogmd;

Rx`xifimx; ―Gx‗ mjx bei`r xj fi‡‖

_ipyix; ―Xiee fi fjri òjyx‡‖

Rgmdei tjrh jr ~lrì gm xli jrf j ` pyixgjm; ―dyw:‖

Rljrx yff`rw; ―Rj% gm jxlir tjrh‡‖

Hgribx oyx `~~rj~rg`xi pyixgjmgmd; ―Tl`x l`~~imih tlim wjy

ljyxih `x wjyr oj:‖

Ryddixih fixljh;

Hgqghi ~`rxgbg~`mx gmxj ~`gr jr rjei&~e`w-0-

@c xli “begimx‗ xj f`ci y~ ` ~rjoeif-?-

@c “bjymieejr‗ xj gmxirqimi `xir iqirw x`xifimx f`hi ow xli “begimx‗% ow `c&2-

gmd xlif pyixgjm rie`xih xj xli x`xifimx-

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj t`~ rjei `mh ri~i`x xli i|irbgi-8-

Gm e`rdi drjy~% `c xli “begimx‗ ljt xliw i|~irgimbih xli igjm- Hgh xli pyi&9-

xgjm jeqi xli ~rjoeif jr be`rgw `mwxlgmd: @c “bjymieejr‗ ljt xliw iex gm xli

igjm-

Dgqi gm~yx jm dimxeir jrf j ~rjogmd mh ~~rj~rg`xi jrf j pyixgjmgmd-1-

^`grih rjei&~e`w mh

hgbygjm

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi m ymhirx`mh&

gmd j xli gffj&ogeggmd gf~`bx j

“jqir&pyixgjmgmd‗-

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi ymhirx`mhgmd

j hgirimx cgmh j

pyixgjm `mh xligr

yi-

89 fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi




079 55





== 071

I|~ejrgmd Xlrjydl Pyixgjmgmd

Gm `mw bjffymgb`xgjm tgxl ` begimx gm tlgbl xli yexgf`xi `gf g xj ymhirx`mh xli begimx%

bjmqiw gmjrf`xgjm `mh ~rjfjxi ifjxgjmè tieemi% xli bjymieejr tgee l`qi xj dj oiwjmh

riibxgmd tl`x l` oiim li`rh xj i|~ejri tl`x g mjx bei`r `mh xj hii~im ymhirx`mhgmd jm

ojxl ghi- Xli bjymieejr ljyeh yi i|~ejrgmd cgee `xir xli rx ~lì j xli imbjymxir

l`qi oiim bjf~eixih ,fiixgmd% bjmxr`bxgmd `mh li`rgmd xli gmgxgè bjmbirm% `bx `mh iie&

gmd'- Xlg i|~ejrgmd b`m oi hjmi gm ` myfoir j t`w-

@ mjxih ojqi% be`rgwgmd tl`x g mjx bei`r xlrjydl ri~i`xgmd begimx x`xifimxØ

tgxl pyixgjmgmd gmibxgjm-

@cgmd pyixgjm- @cgmd pyixgjm gm bjymieegmd g yiye oyx ljyeh oi ci~x xjØ

` fgmgfyf- @efjx iqirw oidgmmir bjymieejr ximh xj jqiryi pyixgjm- Xli

jeejtgmd xg~ ri yiye xj rififoir tlim ygmd xlg cgee gm bjymieegmd;

Pyixgjm ljyeh irqi ` ~yr~ji ‒ igxlir be`rgwgmd jr lie~gmd xli begimxu

xj xlgmc òjyx xli ~rjoeif gm ` hgirimx t`w- Oijri `cgmd ` pyixgjm% `c

wjyrie;

― Tlji miih g gx jr fi xj `c xlg pyixgjm:‖

Begimx fgdlx i|~ibx bjymieegmd xj oi bjmhybxih jm pyixgjm&`mtiru

o`g% oib`yi xl`x g tl`x ` hjbxjr jr xr`hgxgjmè lièir bjmyex`xgjm g egci-

@xir `cgmd ` pyixgjm% yi jxlir bjymieegmd cgee% egci riibxgjm j iiegmd

`mh yff`rggmd xj hifjmxr`xi xl`x bjymieegmd g mjx ~rgf`rgew ojyx c&

gmd mh mtirgmd pyixgjm-

@c u j~im&imhih pyixgjm r`xlir xl`m bejih pyixgjm- Bjmxgmyèew cgmd

bejih pyixgjm l` m gffjogeggmd gf~`bx gm bjffymgb`xgjm gm bjymie&

egmd- Bjymieegmd ljyeh mjx iie egci xèc ljt jr gmxirrjd`xgjm igjm!!@m j~im&imhih pyixgjm l` f`mw ~jximxgè `mtir% ` bejih jmi l` jmew

jmi jr xtj ~jgoei `mtir-

@cgmd lw~jxlixgbè pyixgjm; xlii ri yyèew j~im pyixgjm tlgblu

~rjf~x e`xirè xlgmcgmd gm begimx- @m i|`f~ei xj ` begimx bjyeh oi

―Tl`x tjyeh wjy hj g wjyr lyo`mh hgh `drii xj dj xj bjy~ei

bjymieegmd:‖



074 55


@cgmd riibxgmd pyixgjm; xlii ri pyixgjm tlgbl imbjyr`di begimxu

xj yff`rgi jr riibx jm ` ~`rxgbye`r hgbygjm- Xlg bjyeh oi qirw iib&

xgqi gm ` igjm tliri ` myfoir j gyi l`qi bjfi y~- Ajr i|`f~ei% xli

bjymieejr c;

―Tl`x% jr wjy% `ri xli f`gm ri`jm tlw wjy `mh wjyr ~`rxmir

hjm‗x bjffymgb`xi tiee:‖

@cgmd iqèy`xgqi pyixgjm; xlii `ri pyixgjm tlgbl x`ci ` ~ibgb gyiu

`mh ―iqèy`xi‖ ` bjyri j `bxgjm- Ajr i|`f~ei g ` begimx t`mx xj rigdm `mh

x`rx ` fèe oygmi rjf ljfi xli bjymieejr bjyeh `c

―Ljt hj wjy xlgmc xlg tgee tjrc jqir xli mi|x g| fjmxl:‖




== 07<

Ei`hgmd pyixgjm

Xlg xw~i j pyixgjm ~riyfi xl`x xli pyixgjmir cmjt xli `mtir% `mh ~yx tjrh

gm xli jxlir ~irjm‗ fjyxl-

Tlw pyixgjm

Tlw pyixgjm b`m f`ci ~ij~ei hiimgqi% ` xliw b`m gf~ew xl`x xli ~irjm ljyeh

cmjt xli `mtir- Rybl pyixgjm b`m jymh brgxgbè% ` xljydl wjy `ri pyixgjmgmd

xligr kyhdifimx-

Gmxgf`xi pyixgjm

Rjfi pyixgjm ri mjx ~~rj~rg`xi xj c oib`yi xliw f`w mjx oi rieiq`mx jr f`w oixjj ~irjmè- @et`w xrw xj `c pyixgjm xl`x `ri qèyòei jr `hq`mbgmd ` ~ibgb bjm&

qir`xgjm- @et`w oi ri~ibxye mh xri`x jxlir ~ij~ei% wjy tjyeh t`mx xj oi xri`xih-

Pyixgjm `cih jyx j byrgjgxw ljyeh oi `qjghih-

^jjrew&xgfih pyixgjm

Pyixgjm xl`x `ri ~jjrew xgfih gmxirry~x xli jt j ` ~irjm rie`xgmd xligr xjrw-

Rjfi ~gxaèe ja pyixgjmgmd

―Xl`x‗ l`rh jr wjy% gm‗x gx:‖ ―Tlim tgee wjy xiee wjyr ~`rimx:‖

Tlw gm‗x xlg tjrcgmd jr wjy:‖ ―Tlw hj wjy mjx ymhirx`mh xlg:‖

―@ri wjy d`w:‖ ―@mh xlim tl`x hgh wjy hj gm oih:‖

―Ljt ejmd l` xlg oiim djgmd jm jr:‖

,`cih gm xli fghx j jfijmi riqiègmd xl`x li g bli`xgmd jm lg dgrergimh'

―Tiee% tl`x tgee wjy hj:‖

,`cih tlgei jfijmi g xgee rie`xgmd xli hix`ge j lir ~irjmè brgg'



077 55


@bxgqgxw ?-29

Fw xrimdxl `mh ti`cmii

Ryddixih fixljh;

Gmqgxi i`bl ~`rxgbg~`mx xj orgiw ri`h xlrjydl `mh trgxi mjxi gm xli `bxgqgxw0-

liix Fw xrimdxl `mh ti`cmii- Xliw ljyeh xlim hibghi tlgbl xrimdxl xliw

tjyeh hr`t jm xli fjx i`gew g xliw miihih xj rijeqi ` hgbyex egi blèeimdi

,jr i|`f~ei% m oygqi ~`rxmir'-

Xliw ljyeh l`ri xlg tgxl ` ~`rxmir gm xli rjjf-?-

Gm ~eim`rw x`ci orgi iiho`bc `mh `bcmjteihdi xl`x ti yyèew èe l`qi jfi2-

xrimdxl xj hr`t jm% i~ibgèew g ti `ri gm ` ì `mh myrxyrgmd ~`bi tlgbl `

bjymieegmd imbjymxir bjyeh ~rjqghi-

^`grih `mh ~eim`rw

hgbygjm

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi ie&`t`rimi

j jfi j xligrxrimdxl mh ti`c&

mii-

2> fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi





== ?>>

Fw xrimdxl `mh ti`cmii

Fw ti`cmii

Fw xrimdxl ,@mtir xli ajeejtgmd pyixgjm'

Jmi xlgmd G egci òjyx fwie g

Jmi xlgmd jxlir egci òjyx fi

Jmi xlgmd G hj qirw tiee g

Xlji xl`x cmjt fi cmjt xl`x G b`m

@ bjf~egfimx xl`x l` oiim ~`gh xj fi ribimxew g

@ ribimx ~rjoeif G l`qi l`mheih qirw tiee g

îj~ei b`m bjymx jm fi xj

@ qèyi xl`x G xrw l`rh xj ~r`bxgi g

Rjfixlgmd G `f l`mhegmd oixxir xlg wi`r xl`m e`x wi`r g

G `f oix tgxl ~ij~ei tlim

Jmi djè G `f ~riimxew tjrcgmd xjt`rh g



?>0 55


@bxgqgxw ?-21

Rcgee xl`x lie~ mh jeyxgjm

Hgbygjm mh rjei&

~e`w

^`rxgbg~`mx hif&u

jmxr`xi t`rimi

j ygmd rijyrbi%xrimdxl mh yb&

bii gm jrhir xj

~rjoeif&jeqi-

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi xli gf~jrx`mbi

j oygehgmd xli

xrimdxl j begimx

tlgei ej bcmjte&

ihdgmd mh tjrcgmd

jm xligr ti`cmii-

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi t`rimi j

xli gf~jrx`mbi j

rigegimbi gm begimx-

89 fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx

@m gf~jrx`mx djè j bjymieegmd g xj lie~ xli ~irjm rihgbjqir lg*lir jtm

~jtir-

Wjyr x`c ` bjymieejr g MJX xj lie~ rijeqi xli hgbyexw jr xli begimx% oyx xj

lie~ lgf*lir xj riègi xl`x xliw b`m hj gx xlifieqi!

Ryddixih fixljh;

Lgdlegdlx xl`x begimx ri jxim qirw “~rjoeif&bimxrih‗ tlim xliw bjfi jr bjym&0-

ieegmd% mh jxim xligr xrimdxl% rijyrbi% ~`x ybbii mh fjx gf~jrx`mxew

djè `ri bejyhih ow xli ~rjoeif-

_iir ~`rxgbg~`mx xj xli?- Fw xrimdxl `mh ti`cmii `bxgqgxw tlgbl xliw l`qi

kyx bjf~eixih-

Gm ~eim`rw hgby xli `hq`mx`di j ygmd xli gf~ei xrybxyri j ejjcgmd `x2-

xrimdxl `mh ti`cmii ` ` xjje gm lie~gmd begimx riibx jm `mh ymhirx`mh;

,`' xli gf~jrx`mbi j xligr jtm xrimdxl `mh ti`cmii3 `mh ,o' xli gf~jr&

x`mbi j oigmd òei xj hr`t jm xligr jtm rijyrbi `mh egi i|~irgimbi-

Ori`c ~`rxgbg~`mx gmxj ~`gr `mh gmqgxi xlif xj hj ` rjei&~e`w% hr`tgmd jm igxlir8-

` bxgjmè xjrw jr ` riè egi xjrw ,tlgbl l` oiim rijeqih jr g mj ejmdir `m

ifjxgjmè gyi jr xli ~`rxgbg~`mx!' `mh xlim ~r`bxgbi% èjmd tgxl èe xli cgee

bjqirih j `r% xli cgee j i|~ejrgmd xrimdxl `mh ti`cmii-

Hgby xli rjei&~e`w `mh hiorgi-9-

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi





== ?>?



?>2 55


@bxgqgxw ?-24

Ryff`rggmd cgee

Ryddixih fixljh;

Hgqghi ~`rxgbg~`mx gm fèe drjy~ j xlrii jr jyr-0-

Gm xligr drjy~ `c jmi ~`rxgbg~`mx xj ribjymx gm hix`ge xligr fjx fifjròei?-

ljegh`w jr jyxgmd-

Jmi drjy~ fifoir ljyeh yff`rgi-2-

Xli jxlir ~`rxgbg~`mx gm xli drjy~ ljyeh dgqi iiho`bc jm xli `bbyr`bw j xli8-

yff`rw-

Gm xli e`rdi drjy~ hgby xli yi j yff`rggmd cgee gm bjymieegmd-9-

Ori`c ~`rxgbg~`mx gmxj ~`gr `mh gmqgxi xlif xj bjmhybx ` bjymieegmd rjei&~e`w%1-

hr`tgmd jm èe xli cgee yih j `r% oyx jbygmd jm yff`rggmd ` ` ciw cgee-

Eix xlif t`~ rjei-4-

Hgby xli rjei&~e`w gm ~eim`rw-<-

Rfèe drjy~ `bxgqgxw `mh

rjei&~e`w

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi m ymhirx`mh&

gmd j yff`rggmdcgee-

1> fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi

A`bgegx`xjr‗

f`xirgè




== ?>8

Ryff`rggmd cgee

Ryff`rgi `ri iimxgèew ` irgi j ~`r`~lrì j gyi rjf ` begimx- @ yff`rw ~rjqghi

jrhir `mh jby `mh jrx jyx rieiq`mx f`xirgè xj i|~ejri gm `m imbjymxir- Djjh yff`rgi

`bx ` m`xyrè “xj~~gmd `mh riibxgmd‗ ~jgmx gm ` bjmqir`xgjm `mh b`m èj oi yih xj x`rx

igjm `mh orgmd xlif xj ` beji- Xj iibxgqiew yff`rgi% xli bjymieejr l` rièew egxim

`mh `xximh xj tl`x xli begimx g `wgmd `mh ljt xliw `ri `wgmd gx-

Jxlir yi ja yff`rgi gmbeyhi;

xj dgqi hgribxgjm xj bjymieegmd igjmØ

xj ~riqimx dixxgmd xybc jm ` ~`rxgbye`r gyiØ

xj blibc jyx g xli bjymieejr l` rièew ymhirxjjh tl`x xli begimx g xrwgmd xj `wØ

xj egmc hgirimx ~jgmx mh xlifi xjdixlirØ

xj lie~ xli begimx d`gm jfi ~ir~ibxgqi j lg*lir gxy`xgjmØ

xj lie~ xli begimx ii tliri xliw‗qi oiim `mh tliri xliw `ri djgmdØ

xj lie~ xli begimx xj ghimxgw ~jgoei ri` xj oi i|~ejrih yrxlir-Ø

Rjfi xg~ ajr yff`rggmd;

@ djjh yff`rw g orgi `mh gmbeyhi mjx jmew xli `bx `mh xli tjrh oyx èjØ

xli iiegmd xli begimx l` i|~riih-

^yx xli ghi` `mh hibrg~xgjm `x ei`x ~`rxew gmxj wjyr jtm tjrh oyx xli e`m&Ø

dy`di ljyeh xgee oi ~rgf`rgew gm xli tjrh yih ow xli begimx-

Tlim xj yi ` yff`rw

Gx g ` djjh t`w xj oidgm jr imh xli igjm-Ø

Gx g ` yiye cgee `x ` ~jgmx tliri ` ~irjm `~~i`r xj oi xybc-Ø

Gx g lie~ye `x xli ~jgmx tliri xli ~irjm l` ~jcim jr ` ejmd xgfi% gm ` bjm&Ø

ygmd jr r`foegmd t`w-

Gx g yiye tlim lgxgmd fjhi% g-i- `xir wjy l`qi i|~ejrih `mh himih xliØ

~rjoeif% gx g yiye xj yff`rgi `mh xlim fjqi jm xj i|~ejrgmd j~xgjm-



?>9 55


@bxgqgxw ?-2<

Gmxidr`xgmd èe o`gb bjymieegmd cgee

Ryddixih fixljh;

Hgqghi ~`rxgbg~`mx gmxj drjy~ j xlrii ‒ bjymieejr% begimx mh joirqir-0-

Imbjyr`di “begimx‗ xj rjei&~e`w ~rjoeif xl`x xliw fgdlx imbjymxir ` bjymie&?-

ejr gm xligr ~`rxgbye`r jrd`mg`xgjm-

Lgdlegdlx xl`x “bjymieejr‗ ~r`bxgi xli bjymieegmd cgee xliw l`qi ei`rmx xly2-

`r-

Imbjyr`di joirqir xj yi xli blibcegx xj iqèy`xi xligr ~iir-8-

Xrg`h rjei&~e`w `mh ~iir

ìfimx

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi ymhirx`mhgmd

j ee o`gb bjymie&

egmd cgee-

^`rxgbg~`mx ribigqiu

iiho`bc jm xligr

bjymieegmd xwei

rjf ~iir-

89 fgmyxi

Mjmi

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi





== ?>1

@bxgqgxw ?-27

^jx&Fjhyei pyixgjmm`gri `mh blèeimdi

Blèeimdi H`w 1

Gm wjyr h`gew gmxir`bxgjm tgxl ~ij~ei% ~r`bxgi yff`rggmd cgee `mh cii~

mjxi-

Ryddixih fixljh;

^riimx xli blèeimdi xj oi hgbyih x xli x`rx j Fjhyei ?; c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj0-

~r`bxgi yff`rggmd cgee gm gmxir`bxgjm tgxl jxlir ~ij~ei jyxghi xli xr`gmgmd

bjmxi|x- @c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj cii~ mjxi jm xligr i|~irgimbi j yff`rggmd gm `

jbgè bjmxi|x `mh xli gf~`bx jm ~ij~ei- @c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj orgmd xligr mjxi xj

xli x`rx j Fjhyei 2% g xliw `ri djgmd jm xj Fjhyei 2-

Xlim gyi xli?- ^jx&Fjhyei pyixgjmm`gri `mh `c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj bjf~eixi xlg-

Trgxxim i|irbgi% drjy~

hgbygjm mh ljfi&

tjrc

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi tl`x xliw l`qiei`rmx gm Fjhyei ?-

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi `~~egb`xgjm j

cgee ei`rmx% jyxghi

xli xr`gmgmd bjmxi|x-


b`m oi yih jr

iqèy`xgqi ~yr~ji-

2> fgmyxi

Blèeimdi

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi







== ?><

@bxgqgxw ?-8>

Blibc jyx qiroè iqèy`xgjm

Ryddixih fixljh;


i|~irgimbi-





i-d- ―‡gx iif egci xli f`kjrgxw j xli drjy~ iie i|bgxih `mh imirdgih xjh`w‖-

Gmqgxi ~`rxgbg~`mx xj riibx jm xli tljei Fjhyei `mh dgqi iiho`bc-9-



i|~irgimbi

^`rxgbg~`mx l`qi ù

~`bi xj riibx jm~irjmè i|~irgimbi

`mh drjy~ ~rjbi-

2> fgmyxi

Mjmi

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi




?>7 55

F j h y e i x l r i i ; R i b j m h ` r w b j y m i e e g m d c g e e A

Ribjmh`rw bjymieegmd cgeeFjhyei 2 g ` 8&h`w Fjhyei tlgbl èejt jr riqggjm j xli o`gb bjymieegmd cgee% `mh

jbyi jm lie~gmd xli begimx xj i|~ejri j~xgjm `mh f`ci ` ~e`m- Xli bjymieegmd cgee j

`hq`mbih if~`xlw% blèeimdgmd% gffihg`bw `mh riqgitgmd `ri i|~ejrih- Xli Fjhyei èj

i|~ejri ~rjoeif jeqgmd ,gmbeyhgmd jeyxgjm&jbyih pyixgjmgmd'- Gm xlg t`w xli ibjmh

orj`h `~ibx j Id`m‗ fjhie g bjqirih% xl`x j jeqgmd ~rjoeif gm ` t`w gm tlgbl g `~~rj&

~rg`xi jr xli begimx mh xligr gxy`xgjm- Gx g brgxgbè xl`x bjymieejr l`qi f`xirih xli ~rgf`rw

jr o`gb cgee oib`yi gm hjgmd j xliw `ri òei xj hiqiej~ ` oixxir ymhirx`mhgmd j xli beg&

imx oijri ` jeyxgjm g xrgqih jr- F`mw oidgmmir bjymieejr kyf~ xj jeyxgjm oijri xliwrièew ymhirx`mh xli begimx% xligr gxy`xgjm `mh xligr iiegmd-

Gm xlg fjhyei xliw ei`rm cgee tlgbl hii~im xligr ymhirx`mhgmd j xli begimx j xl`x xli

begimx‗ xjrw g yeew ymhirxjjh `mh ym~`bcih- Xliw l`qi èj hii~imih xligr rie`xgjmlg~

tgxl xli begimx mh oygeh lgdlir eiqie j xryx% dgqgmd mh ribigqgmd iiho`bc jm xli rie`xgjm&

lg~- Xli bjymieejr g ej imòeih xj yi fjri hq`mbih pyixgjmgmd cgee xj iegbgx jeyxgjm

tlgbl x xli begimx `mh tlgbl xliw `ri bjffgxxih xj- Begimx èj iie if~jtirih xj yi

xlii ~rjoeif&jeqgmd ghi` tlim xliw l`qi eix xli bjymieegmd gxy`xgjm% xly oygehgmd gm

xlif bjmhimbi% bjf~iximbi `mh rigegimbi-

Hgbyex fjfimx gm bjymieegmd ri hgbyih ,riirrgmd% brgg f`m`difimx mh ygbghè ghi&

`xgjm' ` tiee ` cgee yih gm xirfgm`xgmd bjymieegmd- Xlii `hq`mbih cgee èejt xli bjym&

ieejr xj l`mhei bjf~ei| gxy`xgjm `mh egfgx bl`mbi xl`x xli begimx bjyeh oi l`rfih gm xli

bjymieegmd gxy`xgjm-

Rie&b`ri% xri f`m`difimx `mh fimxjrlg~ `ri èj lgdlegdlxih gm xlg fjhyei% imyrgmd

xl`x xli bjymieejr ei`rm ojyx t`w xj yx`gm mh myrxyri xlifieqi mh f`gmx`gm fjri

~rjigjmè eiqie j bjymieegmd cgee- Xlg fjhyei b`m oi yih jm gx jtm tgxl bjymieejrtlj l`qi f`xirih xli o`gb xj x`ci xlif xj xli mi|x eiqie j bjf~iximbi-

Fjhyei Xlrii

^`rx A;




== ?0>

H`w Riqim; Lie~gmd begimx xj i|&~ejri fjri hii~ew

@bxgqgxw 2-0


Ryddixih fixljh;

Gmqgxi ~`rxgbg~`mx xj orgiw l`ri “tliri xliw `ri‗ gm xirf j xli ~riqgjy h`w%0-

xli ~riqgjy iqimgmd `mh xli ~riqgjy fjhyei-



Gmqgxi ~`rxgbg~`mx xj l`ri xligr xljydlx òjyx xli blèeimdi ‒ xli gf~`bx j 2-

ygmd yff`rggmd cgee gm iqirwh`w gmxir`bxgjm-


g ~~rj~rg`xi-



i|~irgimbi-

^`rxgbg~`mx l`qi ù

~`bi xj riibx jm

xli ~riqgjy iqimgmd

`mh xligr xljydlx

òjyx xli ~riqgjy

h`w `xir jfi xgfi

l` ~ìh-

^`rxgbg~`mx orgiwu

hgby xli i|~irg&

imbi j hjgmd xli

blèeimdi-

2> fgmyxi

Mjmi

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi




?00 55


@bxgqgxw 2-?

Tiebjfi% i|~ibx`xgjm `mh drjy~ ryei_jymh&rjogm gmxrjhyb&

xgjm mh hgbygjm j

i|~ibx`xgjm mh drjy~

ryei

^`rxgbg~`mx `ri oix&u

xir `bpy`gmxih tgxl

i`bl jxlir-

I|~ibx`xgjm mhu

drjy~ ryei j xli

fjhyei ri hg&

byih-

2> fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx

Gm xlii oejbc% wjy tgee mh q`rgjy lgmx% xg~ `mh mjxi% tlgbl dgqi fjri hi&

x`geih i|~e`m`xgjm j xli cgee `mh bjmbi~x oigmd ~riimxih-

Ryddixih fixljh;

@c i`bl ~`rxgbg~`mx xj orgiw gmxrjhybi xlifieqi xj xli drjy~% `wgmd tlj0-

xliw `ri% tliri xliw tjrc% tl`x bjymieegmd i|~irgimbi xliw l`qi `mh tl`xxliw lj~i xj `blgiqi gm xlg fjhyei-

B`~xyri i|~ibx`xgjm jm g~bl`rx ~`~ir `mh hgby-?-

@c xli drjy~ xj xlim or`gmxjrf drjymh ryei jr ` ì% l`rfjmgjy `mh ~rj&2-

hybxgqi xr`gmgmd i|~irgimbi-

B`~xyri xlii mh hgby ‒ ii @bxgqgxw 0-? rjf Fjhyei 0 jr yrxlir i|~`mgjm8-

jm drjy~ ryei-

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi






?02 55


@bxgqgxw 2-8

Trgxxim bjf~eixgjm ja ^ri&Fjhyei pyixgjmm`gri ‒ 2

Ryddixih fixljh;

L`mh jyx0- ^ri&Fjhyei pyixgjmm`gri 2 xj i`bl ~`rxgbg~`mx-

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj mtir xli fyexg~ei&bljgbi pyixgjmm`gri oìh jm xligr?- byr&

rimx dimirè cmjteihdi j xli xj~gb-

^`rxgbg~`mx ljyeh mjx riir xj xligr f`myè xj `mtir pyixgjm jr hgby2-

xlif tgxl jxlir ~`rxgbg~`mx-

Gmjrf ~`rxgbg~`mx xl`x `x xli imh j xli fjhyei% xliw tgee `mtir xli `fi8-

pyixgjmm`gri jr ie&iqèy`xgjm mh bjyri iqèy`xgjm ~yr~ji-


Trgxxim pyixgjmm`gri

Ei`rmir hifjm&u

xr`xi byrrimx cmjte&

ihdi j ibjmh`rw

bjymieegmd cgee-

A`bgegx`xjr d`gmu

gmgdlx gmxj eiqie j

cmjteihdi mh b`m

`h`~x xli i|irbgi

`bbjrhgmdew-

09 fgmyxi

Bj~gi j ^ri&fjhyei

pyixgjmm`gri 2

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi






?09 55



E`bc j imirdw mh fjxgq`xgjm xj hj mjrfè egi bxgqgxgi`-


T`mxgmd xj xèc xj jfijmi ojyx ~rjoeifb-

,`' `mh ,o'-h-




I|irbggmdb-

@ee j xli òjqi-h-

<- Xli hgirimx bj~gmd ri~jmi xj xri `ri dimirèew;


Hgirimx `fjmdx hgirimx ~ij~eio-


Mjmi j xli òjqi-h-

7- Fimxjrgmd g;

Xli `fi ` ~wbljxlir ~w`-


Oigmd y~irqgihb-

@ee j xli òjqih-

0>- Fimxjrgmd gmqjeqi;


@ drjy~ j bjymieejr hgbygmd gyi tgxl i`bl jxliro-

@ drjy~ j bjymieejr hgbygmd gyi xjdixlir ymhir xli dygh`mbi j b-

` fimxjr

@ee j xli òjqi-h-




== ?01

00- Hibrgoi 2 ~irjmègxw xr`gx j ` djjh bjymieejr;

0?- Hibrgoi 2 ~rgmbg~ei j bjymieegmd;

02- Hibrgoi xli x`di `mh cgee j xli fjhie j bjymieegmd% gmbeyhgmd xli rjei j xli

begimx `mh bjymieejr `x i`bl x`di- Yi xli `xx`blih hr`tgmd j xli ljyi-




?04 55


08- Tlim g gx `hqgòei xj riir begimx:




== ?0<

^ri&~jx fjhyei pyixgjmm`gri 2 ‒ fjhie `mtir

,b'0-

,`'?-

,b'2-

,b'8-

,`'9-

,h'1-

,h'4-

,b'<-

,o'7-

,h'0>-

@~~rj`blòei% xryxtjrxlw% xljydlxye% riegòei% bjmhimx% rie`|ih% bèf% j~im&fgmhih%00-

dimxei% t`rf% `bbi~xgmd% ie `t`ri% imi j lyfjyr% riegòei

Begimx ri ymgpyi% rii i|~rigjm j iiegmd% t`rimi j begimx*bjymieejr rie`xgjmlg~%0?-

begimx `bbi~x`mbi% mjm&kyhdfimxè `xxgxyhi% begimx ie ri~jmgogegxw% bjymieejr egfgx`&

xgjm% bjmhimxgègxw

Rii hg`dr`f-02-

_iir xli begimx tlim xliri g; hi~rigjm mh*jr ygbghè xljydlx3 i|xrifi xri% m|gixw08-jr ~`mgb3 ymrijeqih drgi3 èbjljegf*hryd òyi3 irgjy fihgbè ~rjoeif3 i`xgmd hg&

jrhir3 eidè ~rjoeif3 irgjy `fgew*rie`xgjmlg~ ~rjoeif jr bjmghir riirrgmd begimx

tlim wjy `ri gm xli `mw j jeejtgmd gxy`xgjm; brgg gm wjyr jtm egi ‒ `fgew% rie`xgjm&

lg~% tjrc% ixb-3 jeejtgmd gdmgb`mx ej3 bjffgxfimx xj jxlir joegd`xgjm3 ~lwgbè jr

ifjxgjmè lièxl ~rjoeif3 m|gjy jr xriih3 jqirtjrcih x kjo jr xyhgi-



?07 55


@bxgqgxw 2-9

E`wir ja aiiegmd

Ryddixih fixljh;

Hgqghi ~`rxgbg~`mx gmxj fèe drjy~ `mh dgqi i`bl drjy~ ` ~gibi j g~bl`rx0-

~`~ir-

G ~`rxgbg~`mx l`qi bjf~eixih Fjhyei ?% `mh xli iiegmd qjbòye`rw g~bl`rx?-

~`~ir `ri xgee `q`geòei% yi xlii jr xlg i|irbgi- G mjx% `c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj

or`gmxjrf ` f`mw tjrh ` xliw cmjt tlgbl b`m hibrgoi iiegmd-

Arjf xli iiegmd qjbòye`rw egx `c ~`rxgbg~`mx gm i`bl drjy~ xj x`ci ` it2-

iiegmd tjrh% i-d- `h% `mdrw% l`~~w% `mh xj or`gmxjrf fgehir iiegmd tjrh qir&

gjm mh fjri gmximi iiegmd tjrh qirgjm j xli tjrh% jm ~gibi j g~bl`rx

~`~ir-

Gm e`rdi drjy~% hgby gyi r`gih ow xlg i|irbgi-8-

Rfèe&drjy~ tjrc mh

hgbygjm

^`rxgbg~`mx hif&u

jmxr`xi `m `t`ri&

mi j hq`mbih

if~`xlw cgee `mh

gmximgxw j iiegmd-

2> fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi





== ??>

@bxgqgxw 2-1

@hq`mbih if~`xlw

Ryddixih fixljh;

_iqgi mjxi jm hq`mbih if~`xlw rjf @bxgqgxw ?-?9 ,hii~ir iiegmd i|~ejr`xgjm%0-

egmcgmd iiegmd `mh bjmximx gm ` fi`mgmdye t`w ,mjx ygmd xli ―wjy iie‡‡--

oib`yi‡‡‖ jrfye` gm ` rgdgh t`w'-

Hj ` lojte rjei&~e`w gm tlgbl ` begimx g x`cim xlrjydl ` rjei&~e`w `mh% oygeh&?-

gmd jm èe xli o`gb cgee% ` myfoir j ~`rxgbg~`mx `ri imbjyr`dih xj xrw `mh dixxj hii~ir i|~ejr`xgjm j iiegmd ‒ xli `bgegx`xjr ljyeh ridye`rew xj~ xli rjei&

~e`w xj ~jgmx jyx djjh riibxgjm jr riibxgjm tlgbl ri gm`bbyr`xi jr bjyeh oi

gf~rjqih ow oigmd fjri `bbyr`xi jr hii~ir-

Ori`c xli ~`rxgbg~`mx gmxj xrg`h ,begimx% bjymieejr m joirqir' mh c xlif xj2-

~r`bxgi èe xli cgee tgxl ` ~`rxgbye`r jby jm `hq`mbih if~`xlw-

Hgbygjm mh rjei&~e`w

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi ymhirx`mh&

gmd j `hq`mbih

if~`xlw-

^`rxgbg~`mx hif&u

jmxr`xi yi j

`hq`mbih if~`xlw

cgee-

1> fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi




??0 55


@bxgqgxw 2-4

_iibxgjm ja ~rjbi ,gffihg`bw'

_iibxgmd ~rjbi; bjffimxgmd y~jm tl`x iif xj oi l`~~imgmd hyrgmd xli

bjymieegmd igjm- Ajbyi jm xli “liri&`mh&mjt‗-

Ryddixih fixljh;

_iqgit mjxi jm xli0- bjf~ei| cgee j riibxgmd ~rjbi rjf @bxgqgxw ?-?9-

Hgqghi xli e`rdi drjy~ gmxj xtj `mh dgqi i`bl drjy~ jmi j xli jeejtgmd bi&?-

m`rgj;

@xir iqirè igjm tgxl jmi j wjyr begimx% gx l` oibjfi iqghimx xl`x xli2-

~irjm g oibjfgmd hi~imhimx jm wjy `mh iif rieybx`mx xj jby jm ljt

xliw b`m x`ci xli bjymieegmd jrt`rh-

Gm ` ximi `mh `tct`rh fjfimx gm ` bjymieegmd igjm xli begimx yhhimew8-

`w xliw miih xj yi xli xjgeix `mh `c xj ei`qi xli rjjf- Tlim xliw rixyrm%

xliw iif fjri hgx`mx `mh ei j~im-

@c xli drjy~ xj bjfi y~ tgxl `m iibxgqi gffihg`bw ri~jmi `mh xlim gm9-

xli e`rdi drjy~% imbjyr`di iiho`bc `mh hio`xi-

G miihih% geeyxr`xi ow fi`m j ` hifjmxr`xgjm rjei&~e`w% iibxgqi gffihg`bw1-

ri~jmi xj xlii bim`rgj-


tjrc

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi ymhirx`mhgmd

j gffihg`bw cgee-

89 fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi





== ???

@bxgqgxw 2-<

J~im qiry bejih pyixgjm

J~im&imhih pyixgjm ri xlji xl`x bjyeh ribigqi f`mw hgirimx cgmh j `m&

tir% i-d-

―Xiee fi òjyx wjyr blgehrim-‖

Bejih pyixgjm `ri xlji xl`x ripygri ` qirw ~ibgb `mtir% yyèew wi * mj

`mtir%

i-d- ―Ljt f`mw blgehrim hj wjy l`qi:‖

Ryddixih fixljh;

Dgqi gm~yx jm xli hgirimbi oixtiim bejih `mh j~im&imhih pyixgjm% oygeh&0-

gmd jm @bxgqgxw ?-28-

Xli `bgegx xjr xlim bx ` ` xjrwxieeir `mh oidgm xj xiee ` xjrw% ~`ygmd xj eejt?-

~`rxgbg~`mx xj `c pyixgjm-

^`rxgbg~`mx jm xli `bgegx`xjr‗ rgdlx fyx `c ` pyixgjm xj mh jyx fjri òjyx2-xli ~rjoeif-

G xli pyixgjm g j~im&imhih% xli xjrwxieeir bjmxgmyi xècgmd jr mjx ejmdir8-

xl`m 0> ibjmh% `mh xlim ~`yi xj èejt xli mi|x ~`rxgbg~`mx xj `c ` pyi&

xgjm-

G xli ~`rxgbg~`mx `c ` bejih pyixgjm% xli `bgegx`xjr ljyx “bejih pyixgjm9- ‗

`mh xli hgribxgjm bl`mdi xj xli eix% jr ~`rxgbg~`mx xj `c pyixgjm-

Xli pyixgjm bjmxgmyi gm xl`x hgribxgjm ymxge jfijmi `c ` bejih pyixgjm%1-

tlim xli hgribxgjm bl`mdi d`gm-

Cii~ djgmd ymxge èe ~`rxgbg~`mx l`qi l`h ` bl`mbi xj `c ` pyixgjm- Gm xli4-

drjy~% gmqgxi iiho`bc-


`bxgqgxw

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi m ymhirx`mh&

gmd j pyixgjmgmdcgee-

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi m ymhirx`mh&

gmd j j~im&imhih

pyixgjm `mh xligr

oimix-

89 fgmyxi

Mjmi

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi




??2 55


J~im pyixgjm b`m‗x oi `mtirih ow jmi jr xtj tjrh% l`qi fjri xl`m jmi `mtir

`mh yyèew oidgm tgxl “ljt‗ “tlim‗ jr “tl`x‗- Xliw imbjyr`di xli begimx xj i|~ejri lg*

lir xjrw gm fjri hix`ge `mh cii~ bjffymgb`xgjm djgmd- Xliw‗ri èj yiye tlim oi&

dgmmgmd ` bjmqir`xgjm- J~im&imhih pyixgjm èj ~riyfi xliri g xgfi jr `m i|&

ximhih hgbygjm-

Bejih pyixgjm `ri ei yiye gm bjymieegmd% oib`yi xliw xj~ xli jt j bjmqir`&

xgjm- Xlii pyixgjm b`m yyèew oi `mtirih “wi‗ jr “mj‗ jr ow jmi jr xtj tjrh% `mh

xliw yyèew x`rx tgxl “g‗% “hj‗% “l`qi‗% ixb- Gm birx`gm bjmxi|x ` bejih pyixgjm% jmi tlgbl

l` ` wi jr mj jr jfi jxlir jrbih bljgbi `mtir% èj l` gx yi% i~ibgèew g xgfi

g egfgxih- Rjfi bejih pyixgjm b`m oi “ei`hgmd‗ gm xl`x xliw ~jgmx xli begimx gm ` qirw

~ibgb `mh “jbgèew higròei‗ hgribxgjm ‒ ei`qgmd xli bjymieejr ymyri g xli begimx rièewoiegiqi xligr jtm `mtir- Ajr i|`f~ei% g xli bjymieejr `c ―Wjy hj ymhirx`mh xlg%

hjm‗x wjy:‖% xli begimx tgee jxim `mtir ―Wi‖ oib`yi xlg g xli i|~ibxih `mtir `mh

xliw hj mjx tgl xj bjfi `brj ` jjegl-

Ryddixgjm ajr `cgmd j~im&imhih pyixgjm

Xj imbjyr`di hgbygjm yi “Tl`x‗ `mh “Ljt‗;

―Ljt t` xl`x jr wjy:‖

―Tl`x hgh wjy iie jr hj:‖

―Ljt b`m G lie~ wjy:‖

―Tl`x g jm wjyr fgmh:‖

J~im&imhih `mh bejih pyixgjm

―Xiee fi fjri òjyx tl`x wjy xjeh lgf:‖

―Tl`x l`qi wjy xrgih:‖ ―Ljt hji oigmd xriih iie jr wjy:‖

―Hgh wjy xiee lgf:

‖ L`qi wjy xrgih xlg:‖

@ri wjy xriih:‖




== ??8

Xj ripyix hibrg~xgjm;

―Xiee fi òjyx‡‖

―I|~e`gm xj fi‡‖

―Gm tl`x t`w hji‡:‖

Xj dgqi ` ~irjm `m j~~jrxymgxw xj i|~`mh jm tl`x g oigmd `gh;

―Tlim wjy `w li y~ix wjy% tl`x i|`bxew hji li `w jr hj:‖

―Tl`x fjri b`m wjy `w òjyx xl`x:‖

Xj ajby jm aiiegmd;

―Ljt tjyeh wjy hibrgoi wjyr iiegmd:‖

―Ljt hj wjy iie òjyx xl`x:‖

Xj ajby jm ~e`m;

―Tl`x tgee wjy hj‡:‖

―Ljt tgee wjy f`ci gx l`~~im:‖

―Ljt tgee xl`x lie~ wjy xj‡:‖

―Tl`x `ri wjyr bljgbi:‖

―Tl`x bjyeh wjy hj xl`x fgdlx bl`mdi xlgmd:‖

―Tl`x fgdlx oi xli hgbyexgi gm hjgmd‡:‖



??9 55


@bxgqgxw 2-7

Oibjfgmd fjri ~ibgb

Jxim begimx bjfi xj bjymieegmd tgxl ` “yee o`d j ~rjoeif‗ `mh f`w miih

jfi lie~ “ym~`bcgmd‗ ` e`rdi jr ymhimih ~rjoeif gmxj fjri ~ibgb jby

`ri`-

Ryddixih fixljh;

Dgqi gm~yx jm ~ibgbgxw gm bjymieegmd-0-

Trgxi xli jeejtgmd q`dyi x`xifimx jm g~bl`rx oj`rh;?-

―îj~ei ximh xj ojxlir fi xlii h`w-‖ u

―G‗f mjx iiegmd egci fwie xjh`w-‖ u

―G f ` hi~riih ~irjm-‖ u

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx;2-

Tlw `ri begimx jfixgfi q`dyi gm tl`x xliw `w:u

Tl`x xliw tjyeh `w xj imbjyr`di ~ibgbgxw gm xli òjqi bim`rgj:u

Tl`x `ri jfi blèeimdi gm oibjfgmd xjj ~ibgb xjj jjm:u

Gm ~`gr% `c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj rjei&~e`w q`dyi begimx `mh xli bjymieejr ljyeh8-

imbjyr`di ~ibgbgxw- ,Bjymieejr ljyeh yi ee cgee bjqirih j `r-'

Hgh`bxgb gm~yx `mh ~`grih

rjei&~e`w

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi ymhirx`mhgmd

j bbyr`xi ~rjogmd

`mh ximx`xgqi pyi&

xgjmgmd-

1> fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi





== ??1

@bxgqgxw 2-0>

I|~e`gm blèeimdi

Blèeimdi H`w 4

Agee gm Pyixgjmgmd cgee gm bjymieegmd `bxgqgxw mh orgmd xjfjrrjt-

Ryddixih fixljh;

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj ee gm xli pyixgjmgmd `bxgqgxw gm xligr bjyri f`myè jr0-

ljfitjrc-

I|~e`gm xl`x ~`rxgbg~`mx fyx xlgmc j `x ei`x 2 ~jgoei j~im&imhih pyixgjm?-

xliw bjyeh `c gm i`bl j xli bim`rgj-

Orgiw riqgi xli hgirimbi oixtiim j~im&imhih pyixgjm `mh bejih pyi&2-

xgjm-

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj orgmd xligr mjxi xjfjrrjt-8-

Ljfitjrc mh drjy~

hgbygjm

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi ymhirx`mh&

gmd j j~im&imhihpyixgjm-


b`m oi yih jr

iqèy`xgqi ~yr~ji-

9 fgmyxi

Blèeimdi

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi




??4 55


Pyixgjmgmd

Gf`dgmi wjyrie egximgmd xj i`bl j xli ~ij~ei pyjxih oiejt- Ajrfye`xi `x ei`x 2 ~jgoei

j~im&imhih pyixgjm jr i`bl bim`rgj-

―G hjm‗x t`mx xj dj o`bc xj tjrc- G hjm‗x imkjw gx `mwfjri- @bxyèew% mjt xl`x G xlgmc òjyx gx% G

l`qi miqir imkjwih xli tjrc! Gx iie egci G l`qi kyx t`xih fw egi ow xyhwgmd ` bjyri xl`x‗

yiei `mh tjrcgmd jr xli trjmd bjf~`mgi-‖

_i~jmi;

―Fw fjxlir g jqir&~rjxibxgqi- Tlim G dj jyx tgxl ` dgre% li t`mx xj cmjt iqirwxlgmd òjyx

lir- G‗f xirrgaih j orgmdgmd fw h`xi ljfi% gm bì li b`ri xlif `t`w- Fw gxir `w G fyx

kyx gdmjri fw fjxlir `mh fjqi jyx xli ljyi-‖

_i~jmi;

―Rgmbi G t` hg`dmjih LGQ ~jgxgqi% G b`m‗x `bi l`qgmd i| `mwfjri- G‗f mjx yri tl`x xj hj%

oib`yi fw ~`rxmir g x`rxgmd xj y~ibx jfixlgmd g trjmd-‖

_i~jmi;

―B`m wjy xiee fi tl`x G fyx hj g G `f ~ridm`mx `mh G t`mx xj l`qi `m òjrxgjm:‖

_i~jmi;




== ??<

@bxgqgxw 2-00

Blibc jyx

Ryddixih fixljh;


i|~irgimbi-


_igxir`xi xl`x xlg `bxgqgxw g qjeymx`rw `mh imbjyr`di ~`rxgbg~`mx xj l`ri jmew2-tl`x xliw iie bjfjrxòei tgxl-


imbi% i-d- ―‡gx iif egci xli f`kjrgxw j xli drjy~ iie i|bgxih `mh imirdgih

xjh`w-‖



i|~irgimbi

@ bjffjm drjymhu


^`rxgbg~`mx l`qi ù

~`bi xj riibx jm

gdmgb`mx `bxjr

jyxghi xli drjy~

xl`x bjyeh gmyimbi

xli drjy~ ~rjbi-

^`rxgbg~`mx l`qi ù

~`bi xj riibx jm

xligr xljydlx `mh

iiegmd j drjy~&

`mh bjyri&rie`xih

i|~irgimbi-

?9 fgmyxi

Mjmi

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi




??7 55


H`w igdlx; Lie~gmd xli begimx f`ci `~e`m

@bxgqgxw 2-0?


Ryddixih fixljh;





Gmqgxi ~`rxgbg~`mx xj l`ri xligr xljydlx òjyx xli blèeimdi ‒ pyixgjmgmd2-

cgee ‒ `mh hgby xligr `mtir `mh i|~ejri blèeimdi-

Orgiw riibx * yff`rgi gfge`r gmhgqghyè i|~irgimbi gmxj drjy~ i|~irgimbi%8-g ~~rj~rg`xi-



i|~irgimbi-

^`rxgbg~`mx l`qi ù

~`bi xj riibx jm

xli ~riqgjy iqimgmd

`mh xligr xljydlx

òjyx xli ~riqgjy

h`w `xir jfi xgfi

l` ~ìh-

^`rxgbg~`mx hif&u

jmxr`xi xligr dr`~

j xli blèeimdi jm

pyixgjmgmd cgee-

2> fgmyxi

Blèeimdi

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi





== ?2>

@bxgqgxw 2-02

Xlgmc o`bc xj xgfi tlim blèeimdih ‡

Ryddixih fixljh;

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj xlgmc j xtj jbb`gjm tlim xliw l`qi blèeimdih jxlir ~ij&0-

~ei- Jmi tliri xli blèeimdi t` ybbiye ,tliri xliw djx xligr ~jgmx `brj'

`mh jmi tliri xli blèeimdi t` ymybbiye-

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj `mtir xli pyixgjm ymhir xli?- Blèeimdgmd `bxgqgxw gm xligr

bjyri f`myè-

Hgqghi xli drjy~ gmxj ~`gr xj hgby xligr i|~irgimbi-2-

Gm xli e`rdi drjy~% hgby xli rjei j blèeimdgmd gm bjymieegmd-8-

Rie&`t`rimi mh

~`grih hgbygjm

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi t`rimi j

iibxgqi blèeimdgmd-

2> fgmyxi

Blèeimdgmd bxgqgxw gm

bjyri f`myè-

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi




?20 55


Blèeimdgmd

Rybbiye

Blèeimdi

Ymybbiye

Blèeimdi

0- Ljt tiee hgh wjy

cmjt xli ~irjm:

?- Tlim `mh tliri

hgh wjy blèeimdi

xli ~irjm:

2- Ljt gf~jrx`mx

t` gx jr xl`x ~ir&

jm xj bl`mdi:

8- Ljt hgh wjy dj

òjyx blèeimdgmd

lgf*lir:

9- Ljt hgh xli ~irjm

ri`bx xj blèeimdi:




== ?2?

Blèeimdgmd

^yr~ji ja blèeimdgmd cgee

Xj lie~ xli begimx dix gm xjybl tgxl xligr “oegmh ~jx‗-0-

Gx gmqgxi xli jxlir ~irjm xj i|`fgmi lg*lir oil`qgjyr mh xxgxyhi-?-

Gx lie~ xli begimx xj hiqiej~ mit ~ir~ibxgqi jr gmgdlx xl`x `ri miihih xj be`rgw xli2-

~rjoeif`xgb gxy`xgjm mh xj fjqi jm xj hiqiej~gmd mit j~xgjm j xlgmcgmd mh oil`q&

gmd-

Blèeimdgmd cgee gmbeyhi

Rl`rgmd gmjrf`xgjmØ ‒ g mjx xli `fi ` dgqgmd `hqgbi jr ~ri`blgmd% oyx r`xlir

lie~ xli begimx xj ymhirx`mh xligr hgbyexgi oixxir `mh x`ci iibxgqi `bxgjm-

Ryff`rggmdØ ‒ gmqjeqi lie~gmd begimx ii xli ogddir ~gbxyri% ghimxgw xlifi mhii xlgmd xliw f`w oi jqirejjcgmd-

_iaibxgmd ~rjbiØ ,gffihg`bw' ‒ Wjyr ogegxw xj hiè tgxl tl`x g l`~~imgmd

oixtiim wjy `mh wjyr begimx gm xli bjymieegmd igjm g `m gf~jrx`mx cgee- Gx g `

bjf~ei| cgee xl`x gmqjeqi;

riqiègmd ljt wjy ri oigmd ibxih ow xli begimxu

i|~ejrgmd wjyr jtm oil`qgjyr xjt`rh xli begimxu

gmqgxgmd xli begimx xj i|~ejri xli bjymieegmd gmxir&u

`bxgjm

tgxl ` qgit xj hiqiej~gmd ` oixxir tjrcgmd rie`&u

xgjmlg~-

―@m LGQ&~jgxgqi hg`dmjg g mjx ` hi`xl imximbi% ` wjy xlgmc- Xliri

`ri f`mw ~ij~ei egqgmd yee `mh ~rjhybxgqi egqi tgxl xli qgry- Hj wjy

cmjt òjyx xri`xfimx `q`geòei jr LGQ:‖

―Wjy l`qi fimxgjmih wjyr ymbei f`mw xgfi gm wjyr xjrw- Bjyeh li oi

` jyrbi j y~~jrx jr wjy:‖

―G l`qi mjxgbih xl`x wjy‗qi oiim f`cgmd i|&

yè yddixgjm xjt`rh

fi hyrgmd bjymieegmd-

Xlg g gm`~~rj~rg`xi

`mh f`ci fi iie

ymbjfjrxòei- Ljt hj

wjy ii xlgmd:‖



?22 55


Bjmghir xli ajeejtgmd xg~ ajr iaaibxgqi blèeimdgmd

Xli f`mmir gm tlgbl wjy blèeimdi g qirw gf~jrx`mx ‒ rififoir xj oi if~`xlgb0-

`mh imgxgqi- @qjgh ljyxgmd% ~ei`hgmd `mh xlri`ximgmd-

Q`dyi dimirèg`xgjm `mh “~wbljejdgbè‗ `mèwi `ri mjx yiye- _`xlir yi hgribx%?-

bjmbrixi mh ~ibgb i|`f~ei tlim bjmrjmxgmd-

Blèeimdi fyx oi xgfih `~~rj~rg`xiew% `mh èe xli ~jgoei bjmipyimbi j xli2-

bjmrjmx`xgjm ljyeh oi bjmghirih ow xli bjymieejr oijri blèeimdgmd-

@ lgdl eiqie j xryx `mh djjh rie`xgjmlg~ ri ripygrih gm xli bjymieegmd gmxir`b&8-

xgjm jr blèeimdgmd xj oi iibxgqi- Ljtiqir% blèeimdgmd g fjri hgbyex tlim wjy

`ri jqir&gmqjeqih gm xli gxy`xgjm-

Imyri xl`x wjyr fjxgqi jr blèeimdgmd g xj lie~ xli jxlir ~irjm% r`xlir xl`m xj9-

qimx wjyr ryxr`xgjm% mdir% m|gixw mh j~gmgjm jm xli jxlir ~irjm-

Xli ~irjm fyx oi imbjyr`dih xj x`ci ri~jmgogegxw jr lg*lir jtm `bxgjm `mh1-

bljgbi-

G wjy `ri oigmd bjmrjmxih% `qjgh gffihg`xi ri`bxgjm gm tlgbl wjy hg`drii% hi&4-

imh jr `~jejdgi- _`xlir egxim b`riyeew `mh xrw xj ymhirx`mh tl`x xli ~irjm g

`wgmd% xlim ri~jmh gm hgribx mh j~im f`mmir-




== ?28

@bxgqgxw 2-08

Blèeimdgmd rjei&~e`w

Ryddixih fixljh;

Hgqghi ~`rxgbg~`mx gmxj xlrii ,begimx% bjymieejr `mh joirqir' `mh èejt xlif0-

xj ~r`bxgi xli cgee j blèeimdgmd% oygehgmd jm èe xli o`gb cgee bjqirih j `r-

Or`gmxjrf ` rjei&~e`w bim`rgj tgxl xli ~`rxgbg~`mx gm tlgbl wjy hiqiej~ `?-

xjrw f`mw ~`rxgbg~`mx b`m ghimxgw tgxl- Jr yi jmi j xli jeejtgmd bim`rgj

~ir drjy~;

@x wjyr byrrimx tjrc~e`bi% wjyr bj&tjrcir l` eix i`rew xlrii xgfi xlg`-

tiic tgxl q`dyi i|byi- Tlim li ei`qi i`rew% wjy l`qi xj hj èe xli

~`~ir tjrc `mh wjy iie xl`x xlg g ym`gr-

@m jehir tjf`m `~~rj`bli wjyr jrd`mg`xgjm xj ii ` bjymieejr- Gmo-

xli fghhei j lir rx igjm tgxl wjy% li l`ci lir li`h `mh `w

xl`x wjy `ri `r xjj wjymd xj oi òei xj lie~ lir-

@ wjymd f`m g iigmd wjy jr bjymieegmd oib`yi j ~rjoeif `xb-

tjrc- Gm igjm% li `qjgh iwi bjmx`bx tgxl wjy `mh ejjc hjtm `x xli

jjr- Li g ligx`mx xj xèc- Tlim wjy riibx jm lg mjm&qiroè oil`q&

gjyr% li `w li g mi xjh`w% `mh xl`x xliri g mjxlgmd trjmd-

2- Ryddix xliw x`ci xli rjei&~e`w ` ejtew ` mibi`rw-

X ci iiho`bc òjyx xli rjei&~e`w gm ~eim`rw-8-

Hiorgi xlji ~e`wgmd xli begimx-9-

Xrg`h rjei&~e w

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi ymhirx`mh&

gmd j xli cgee j

blèeimdgmd mhgffihg`bw-

1> fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi

A`bgegx`xjr‗

f`xirgè



?29 55


@bxgqgxw 2-09

^rjoeif jeqgmd

Ryddixih fixljh;

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx ljt xliw tjyeh dj òjyx jeqgmd xli jeejtgmd ~rjoeif ,ri`h0-

jyx xj drjy~';

―Wjy‗qi oiim l`qgmd `rdyfimx tgxl ` bjeei`dyi j wjyr% tlj wjy

l`qi tjrcih tgxl jr ? wi`r- Tlgei xli `rdyfimx l`qi oiim òjyx

tjrc gyi% xliw l`qi x`rxih xj dix qirw ~irjmè- Wjy‗qi xrgih xècgmd

xj lgf*lir% oyx xliw hjm‗x iif xj egxim `mh dix `mdrw tgxl wjy- Wjy

xlim dix `mdrw o`bc `mh mjt wjy l`qi mjx ~jcim jr driixih i`bl

jxlir jr ` tiic-‖

Eix ~`rxgbg~`mx xlgmc ojyx xlg jr it fgmyxi mh trgxi hjtm jfi ghi` jm?-

` ~gibi j ~`~ir- Gmqgxi iiho`bc-

Hgby iiho`bc `mh trgxi hjtm xli hgirimx xr`xidgi ~`rxgbg~`mx yih xj2-

jeqi xlg ~rjoeif-

Drjy~ tjrc bì xyhw

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi t`rimi j

xli qèyi j ~rjoeif

jeqgmd

2> fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi





== ?21

@bxgqgxw 2-01

Xli xràb egdlx fjhie

RXJ^

XLGMC

HJ

Ryddixih fixljh;

I|~e`gm xli xr`b egdlx fjhie j ~rjoeif jeqgmd xj ~`rxgbg~`mx% geeyxr`xgmd xli0-

q`rgjy xi~ jm xli g~bl`rx-

Lgdlegdlx xl`x xli bjymieejr fyx tjrc l`rh xj hr`t ghi` mh jeyxgjm rjf ?-

begimx r`xlir xl`m gf~ew gf~ji joqgjy bjymieejr&hrgqim jeyxgjm-

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj riqgit xligr ~rjoeif xliw tjrcih jm gm xli ~riqgjy i|irbgi2-

gm xli egdlx j xlg fjhie-

Hgh`bxgb gm~yx `mh

hgbygjm

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi ymhirx`mhgmd

j ` ~ibgb ~rjoeif&jeqgmd fjhie mh gx

`~~egb`xgjm xj ` bì

xyhw-

89 fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx `mh fjhie

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi




?24 55


^rjoeif&jeqgmd

Xli xr`b&egdlx ~rjoeif&jeqgmd fjhie g ` yiye t`w xj `~~rj`bl ~rjoeif`xgb gxy`xgjm-

Rjfixgfi ~ij~ei ryl gmxj “jeqgmd‗ ~rjoeif tgxljyx xlgmcgmd j xli ~rj `mh bjm j xligr

`bxgjm- Xlg fjhie imbjyr`di ~ij~ei xj xj~% xlgmc `mh xlim `bx3 xliriow xliw f`ci gm&

jrfih mh tiee xljydlx&jyx hibggjm gm jeqgmd xligr ~rjoeif-

Himi xli ~rjoeif

Xlg g xli fjx gf~jrx`mx xi~ gm xli ~rjoeif&jeqgmd fjhie% `mh jxim ripygri xlifjx xgfi gm bjymieegmd- Xlg xi~ gmqjeqi d`xlirgmd gmjrf`xgjm `mh be`rgwgmd- Gx èj

gmqjeqih ori cgmd tl`x iif xj oi ` lydi ~rjoeif gmxj gx q`rgjy ~`rx jr yo&~rjo&

eif ,jfixgfi bèeih ~`rxgèggmd'-

I|~ejri èe j~xgjm

Xlg xi~ gmqjeqi i|~ejrgmd èe ~jgoei j~xgjm xj jeqi xli ~rjoeif ,jr% xj x`rx tgxl%

kyx jmi ~`rx j xli ~rjoeif% ~irl`~ jfixlgmd xl`x g ri`jmòew `blgiqòei'- Imbjyr&

`di xli begimx xj or`gmxjrf ` f`mw jeyxgjm xj xligr ~rjoeif ` ~jgoei% iqim g xliw

iif geew- Bjmxgmyi ymxge èe ghi` `ri i|l`yxih- Gx g gf~jrx`mx xl`x wjy ` bjymieejr

hj mjx l`qi ` ~ribjmbigqih ghi` jm tl`x xli jeyxgjm ljyeh oi-

Ejjc `x èxirm`xgqi `mh bjmghir xli bjmipyimbi j i`bl ghi` dimir`xih rjf xli

òjqi or`gmxjrf- @c begimx xj ejjc `x xli ~rj `mh bjm j i`bl jeyxgjm- Yyèew xli

oix jeyxgjm g xli jmi tgxl xli fjx `hq`mx`di-

Rieibx `m j~xgjm% f`ci ` ~e`m `mh x`ci `bxgjm

Imbjyr`di xli begimx xj ieibx xli fjx iibxgqi j~xgjm% bbjrhgmd xj tlixlir gx g ~r`b&

xgbè% `~~rj~rg`xi `mh riègxgb- Oi ~`xgimx `mh dimxew y~~jrx xli begimx xj f`ci xligr

bljgbi-

Hiqiej~ ~e`m ‒ c xli begimx xj xlgmc ojyx ljt xliw b`m ~yx xligr bljgbi gmxj bxgjm-

@c tlj% tl`x% tlim% ljt% `mh tliri pyixgjm j xl`x xli ~e`m g ~ibgb% `blgiqòei%

riègxgb `mh tgxlgm ` xgfi&r`fi- Gx g jfixgfi lie~ye g xli begimx trgxi xligr ~e`m

hjtm-

Rxj~

Xlgmc

Hj




== ?2<

X`ci `bxgjm ‒ bcmjteihdi xl`x xlg xi~ g yyèew xli fjx hgbyex jr ~ij~ei- Xj lie~

oygeh xli begimx‗ bjmhimbi% gx b`m oi lie~ye xj x`rx tgxl `m bxgjm tliri xli begimx l`

` rie`xgqiew djjh bl`mbi j ybbiihgmd- Ygmd rjei&~e`w xj “~r`bxgi‗ tl`x xli begimx tgee

hj `mh `w `mh xj `mxgbg~`xi ~jgoei ri`bxgjm b`m èj oi lie~ye- _i`yri xli begimx

xl`x wjy tgee i|~ejri xli jyxbjfi gm xli mi|x igjm-

Iqèy`xi ‒ xlg g `m gf~jrx`mx j~~jrxymgxw xj ii tl`x tjrcih% tl`x hghm‗x tjrc `mh

tlw- _i`yri begimx xl`x g xliw hjm‗x ybbiih% xj xrw% xrw d`gm!



?27 55


@bxgqgxw 2-04

Rjeyxgjm mhgmd

Ryddixih fixljh;

Hgqghi ~`rxgbg~`mx gmxj ~`gr ‒ ` “bjymieejr‗ `mh ` “begimx‗-0-

Gmqgxi “begimx‗ xj xlgmc j ` ~rjoeif xj ~riimx gm ` rjei&~e`w- Xliw b`m xlgmc j `?-

~rjoeif xliw l`qi rijeqih èri`hw gm xligr egqi jr xliw b`m yi xli ~rjoeif

rjf @bxgqgxw 2-09-

Gmxrybx xli “bjymieejr‗ xj tjrc tgxl xli ~rjoeif `mh xj xrw `mh mh ` jeyxgjm2-

ygmd xli xr`b egdlx fjhie-

Ori`c gmxj ~`gr `mh xlim rjei&~e`w ` bjymieejr `mh begimx-8-

@xir 0> fgmyxi% gmqgxi xli ~`gr xj bl`mdi rjei mh xj yi xli xr`b egdlx fjhie9-

jm ` mit ~rjoeif-

Gm xli e`rdi drjy~% hgby iiho`bc mh imbjyr`di hio`xi jm xli fjhie mh gx1-

yiyemi mh `~~egbògegxw-

Hgby mh ~rjoeif&jeqi rjymh hgbyexgi mh fgbjmbi~xgjm-4-

^`grih rjei&~e`w

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi ymhirx`mhgmd

j xli xr`b egdlx

fjhie `mh gx `~~eg&b`xgjm gm rjei&~e`w-

89 fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi





== ?8>

@bxgqgxw 2-0<

^rjoeif jeqgmd ! jeyxgjm&ajbyih pyixgjmgmd

Hgh`bxgb gm~yx `mh

hgbygjm

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi `m `t`rimi

j jeyxgjm&jbyihpyixgjm `mh xligr

oimix tlim yih

gm ~rjoeif jeqgmd-

2> fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx

Rjeyxgjm&jbyih cgee ‒ oìh jm xli tjrc j Ii `mh Ejti ,?>>9'

Rbègmd&y~ pyixgjm

Pyixgjm rjymh bj~gmd

I|bi~xgjm xj xli ~rjoeif

Xli fgr`bei pyixgjm

“Mjx cmjtgmd‗ pyixgjm

Egximgmd jr xrimdxl

Ryddixih fixljh;

I|~e`gm xli oimix j jeyxgjm&jbyih bjymieegmd gm dimirè-0-

Trgxi xli q`rgjy jeyxgjm&jbyih xiblmgpyi jm xli g~bl`rx oj`rh mh i|~e`gm?-

xljrjydlew% tgxl ~ibgb riirimbi xj ljt xliw b`m oi yih gm xli ~rjoeif jeq&gmd ~lì-

Imbjyr`di iiho`bc mh hgbygjm jm xli rieiq`mbi j xli xiblmgpyi-2-

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi




?80 55


Oigmd ~rjoeif&ajbyih qiry oigmd jeyxgjm&ajbyih

Tlgei èe bjymieejr tgee `hhri ~rjoeif xl`x begimx ~riimx gm bjymieegmd% gx g gf~jrx`mx

jr xli bjymieejr xj riibx jm tlixlir xligr bjymieegmd xwei if~l`gi “tl`x g trjmd‗ mh

~rjoeif`xgb% ` j~~jih xj “tl`x g ~jgoei‗ `mh j~xgfgxgb- Xli mjxi oiejt jyxegmi xlii

xtj hgirimx `~~rj`bli `mh ljt xli jeyxgjm&jbyih `~~rj`bl bjyeh oi gf~eifimxih gm

xli ~rjoeif&jeqgmd ~lì-

Oigmd ~rjoeif&ajbyih

Oigmd jeyxgjm&ajbyih




== ?8?

Rjeyxgjm&ajbyih xiblmgpyi

Ygmd bègmd y~ pyixgjm ,b`m yi gm xli Rxj~ ~lì'

I|`f~ei;

―Jm ` bèi j 0xj0> ljt gf~jrx`mx g gx xj wjy xj jeqi xlg ~rjoeif:‖

―Jm bèi j 0 xj 0> ljt tjyeh wjy r`xi xli 2 ~rjoeif wjy l`qi ghimxgaih:‖

`mh xlim ―Tlgbl ~rjoeif tjyeh wjy egci xj tjrc jm arx% oìh jm xlg r`x&

gmd:‖

,Mjxi jfi begimx fgdlx t`mx xj x`rx tgxl xli i`gix ~rjoeif rx xj d`gm ` imi j bjm&himbi% jr xliw f`w t`mx xj x`rx jm xli l`rhix jmi xj dix gx jyx j xli t`w-'

Pyixgjm jm bj~gmd ,b`m yi gm xli Xlgmc ~lì'

I|`f~ei;

―G b`m ii xl`x xlg g ifjxgjmèew hr`gmgmd jr wjy% oyx tl`x hj wjy xlgmc wjy

bjyeh hj xj bj~i tgxl xli ~riyri wjy `ri `bgmd:‖

―I`regir gm xli igjm wjy `gh wjy l`h bj~ih tgxl xli ej j wjyr `xlir 9

wi`r `dj% tl`x bjyeh wjy orgmd rjf tl`x wjy ei`rmih xlim gmxj xli ej wjy

`ri i|~irgimbgmd mjt:‖



?82 55


I|bi~xgjm xj xli ~rjoeif ,b`m yi gm xli Rxj~ `mh Xlgmc ~lì'

I|`f~ei;

―B`m wjy xlgmc j ` xgfi tlim wjy tiri mjx xriih ‒ ljt t` gx jr wjy

xlim:‖

―Wjy `gh wjyr rie`xgjmlg~ t` mjx èt`w o`h ‒ ljt g gx tlim xlgmd `ri

djgmd tiee oixtiim wjy:‖

Xli ―fgr`bei‖ pyixgjm ,b`m yi gm xli Rxj~ `mh Xlgmc ~lì'

I|`f~ei;

―G xlg ~rjoeif hgh mjx i|gx ‒ tl`x tjyeh oi hgirimx gm wjyr egi:‖

―G wjy l`h ` jeyxgjm xj xlg ~rjoeif ‒ tl`x tjyeh wjy egci xj `blgiqi gm xli

mi|x wi`r:‖




== ?88

Mjx cmjtgmd pyixgjm ,b`m oi yih gm xli Rxj~ ~lì'

I|`f~ei;

―Wjy fyx l`qi ` djjh ri`jm xj oi x`wgmd gm xlg rie`xgjmlg~ ‡‖

―G `f yri wjy‗qi xljydlx òjyx tlw wjy djx xj xlg ~jgmx gm wjyr egi ‒ tl`x

`ri wjyr xlijrgi:‖

―Ljt hj wjy ymhirx`mh tlw wjyr ~riqgjy jeyxgjm hgh mjx tjrc:‖

Egximgmd ajr xrimdxl ,b`m yi gm xli Rxj~ `mh Xlgmc `mh Hj ~lì'

I|`f~ei;

―Wjy l`qi oiim xlrjydl ` ejx% `mh l`qi f`m`dih xj bj~i xgee mjt- Tl`x l`

ci~x wjy djgmd:‖



?89 55


―Wjy iif `m|gjy òjyx tlixlir wjy xryx wjyr jeyxgjm oyx G l`qi li`rh

ljt ~riqgjy jeyxgjm rièew tjrcih jr wjy-‖

―G‗f li`rgmd wjy hjyox tlixlir wjy b`m b`rrw jyx xli ~e`m% oyx rjf tl`x wjy

xjeh fi òjyx wjyr kjo wjy l`qi f`hi jfi rièew gf~jrx`mx hibggjm jm

wjyr jtm-‖





?84 55


Joirqir‗ rjei&~e`w blibcegx

O i l ` q g j y r

O i l ` q

g j y r m j x l j t m ` x ` e e

, b j r i

6 > '

E g f g x i h i q g h i m b i j a o i l ` q g j y r

, b j r i

6 0 '


, b

j r i 6 ? '

B ` m h

g h ` x i g m j m q i r o ` e e w ` b b i ~ x &

g m d j

b e g i m x

B ` m h g h ` x i l j t x l i i o i &

l ` q g j y

r ; r j t m % e j j c ` t ` w

r i p y i

m x e w

B ` m h g h ` x i l j t 0 j x l i i ?

o i l ` q

g j y r

B ` m h g h ` x i l j t m i g x l i r j

x l i

i ? o i l ` q g j y r

B e g i m

x g q i r o ` e e w ` b b i ~ x g m d j

b e g i m

x

B ` m h g h ` x i i | ~ r i i h g ` ~ &

~ r j q ` e

j r k y h d i f i m x j

b e g i m x g m t j r h

B ` m h g h ` x i i | ~ r i i m j h g ` ~ &

~ r j

q ` e j r k y h d i f i m x j b e g i m x g m

t j

r h

B ` m h

g h ` x i l j t t ` r f x l ` m h

g m x i r

i x g m b e g i m x

B ` m h g h ` x i h j i m j x f g e i ` x

b e g i m x m j r i | ~ r i g m x i r i x

B ` m h g h ` x i i g x l i r f g e i ` x b e g i m x

j r i | ~

r i i g m x i r i x



B ` m h

g h ` x i ` c j e y x g j m & j b y i h

p y i

x g j m x l ` x ` r i r i e ` x i h x j b e g &

i m x ‗

g x y ` x g j m


B ` m h g h ` x i ` c p y i x g j m o y x

x l i w `

r i m j x h g r i b x e w r i e ` x i h x j


B ` m h g h ` x i ` c j e y x g j m & j b y i h

p y i x g j m r i e ` x i h x j b e g i m x ‗

g x y ` x g j m

B ` m h

g h ` x i l i e ~ b e g i m x g h i m x g w

` q ` g e ` o e i j ~ x g j m

M j o r `

g m x j r f g m d j ` q ` g e &

` o e i j ~ x g j m


o y x b `

m h g h ` x i ~ r j q g h i ` e e j

x l i f

@ x

e i ` x x t j ` q ` g e ` o e i j ~ x g j m

` r i

g h i m x g i h ` m h b e g i m x ~ r j q g h i

` x e i ` x j m i j x l i f

B ` m h

g h ` x i l i e ~ b e g i m x g h i m x g w

` h q `

m x ` d i ` m h h g ` h q ` m x ` d i

j i `

b l j ~ x g j m

M j ` h q ` m x ` d i ` m h h g ` h &

q ` m x ` d

i ` r i g h i m x g i h

J m e w b

` m h g h ` x i g h i m x g i ` h q ` m &

x ` d i

` m h h g ` h q ` m x ` d i

B e g i m x g h i m x g i ` h q ` m x ` d i

` m h h g ` h q ` m x ` d i j r e i ` x j m i

j ~ x g j m

B ` m h

g h ` x i ` g x b e g i m x x j


b l j

i m j ~ x g j m , '

M j i | ~ e j r ` x g j m j r i p y g r i h

` b x g j m

_ i p y g r i h ` b x g j m ` r i i | ~ e j r i h

o y x ~ j j r e w

_ i p y g r i h ` b x g j m ` r i y e e w i | &

~ e j

r i h

B ` m h

g h ` x i ` g x b e g i m x x j i | &

~ e j r i

r i y e x j b l j i m ` b x g j m , '

M j i | ~ e j r ` x g j m j r i y e x j

b l j i m ` b x g j m , '

_ i y e x

j b l j i m ` b x g j m , ' ` r i

~ j j r e w

i | ~ e j r i h


y e e w i | ~ e j r i h

B j f ~ i x i m x 6 ` b j r i o i x t i i m 0 > ` m h 0 1

Ø

M j x w i x b j f ~ i x i m x 6 b j r i j 0 >

j r o i e j t -

Ø




== ?8<

@bxgqgxw 2-?>

Xli rjei ja “jxlir‗ gm ~rjoeif jeqgmd

Imbjyr`di bjymieejr xj f`ci ` egx j èe y~~jrx rijyrbi xliw b`m `bbi

`mh xj cii~ gx y~h`xih `mh l`mhw-

Ryddixih fixljh;

Hgqghi ~`rxgbg~`mx gmxj fèe drjy~ j xlrii jr jyr-0-

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj or`gmxjrf gm xligr drjy~ @EE xli rijyrbi `mh jrd`mg`&?-

xgjm xliw cmjt ,oighi bjymieegmd' xl`x xli jeejtgmd gmhgqghyè fgdlx `b&

bi gm rijeqgmd xligr ~rjoeif ,trgxi jm g~bl`rx oj`rh';

` ~ridm`mx xiim`dir t`mxgmd `m òjrxgjmu

` ~lwgbèew òyih tgiu

` i|yèew&l`rìh if~ejwiiu

` f`rrgih bjy~ei gm bjmgbxu

` hi~riih mh gee% LGQ&~jgxgqi f`mu

` m`mbgèew&xrgbcim fjxlir tgxl ` hgòeih blgehu

` wjymd tjf`m% bjmyih òjyx lir i|yègxwu

`m iehirew f`m gmqjeqih gm ` qgjeimx lgk`bcgmd-u

Gm ~eim`rw hgby iiho`bc `mh dgqi iiho`bc-2-

Rfèe&drjy~ tjrc mh

hgbygjm

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi `m `t`rimi

j xli rjei j ` r`mdij rijyrbi ,gmbeyh&

gmd bjffymgxw

rijyrbi' gm ~rjoeif

jeqgmd-

2> fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi




?87 55


@bxgqgxw 2-?0

I|~e`gm blèeimdi

Blèeimdi H`w <

_i`h xli bì xyhw `mh jrfye`xi ~jgoei jeyxgjm&jbyih pyixgjm xl`x

wjy bjyeh yi gm lie~gmd xli gmhgqghyè hhri lg jr lir ~rjoeif-

Ryddixih fixljh;

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj ri`h xli bì&xyhw-0-

Imbjyr`di ~`rxgbg~`mx xj jrfye`xi ~jgoei jeyxgjm&jbyih pyixgjm% oìh?-

jm xli g| jeyxgjm&jbyih xiblmgpyi%

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj orgmd xligr mjxi jm xli mi|x h`w-2-

Ljfitjrc mh drjy~

hgbygjm

^`rxgbg~`mx ~~ewu

jeyxgjm&jbyih

cgee gm ` trgxxim`bxgqgxw-


b`m oi yih jr

iqèy`xgqi ~yr~ji-

9 fgmyxi

Blèeimdi

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi





== ?9>

Bì&xyhw ‒ Kgffw

Kgffw g ` ?9&wi`r&jeh o`mc beirc% egqgmd gm ` bjffymi% tlj l` bjfi xj wjy jr bjymieegmd

oib`yi li iie xl`x li g mjx ìrxgqi% `mh gx g ìbxgmd q`rgjy `~ibx j lg egi-

―G kyx b`m‗x x`mh y~ xj ~ij~ei- G egqi tgxl rgimh gm ` bjffymi% `mh xli jmi

dgre g ` ridye`r fjcir% oyx G dix xirrgoei èeirdgi tgxl bgd`rixxi fjci- G l`qi

xjeh lir ~jegxiew mjx xj fjci gm fw rjjf `mh li hji gx `mwt`w- G hjm‗x cmjt

tl`x xj `w xj lir- @ej% fw oj x`ci hq`mx`di j fw hihgb`xgjm ow f`cgmd

fi tjrc jqirxgfi tgxl mj i|xr` ~`w- G iie j yiei `mh ~`xlixgb-‖

^jgoei jeyxgjm&ajbyih pyixgjm;

Rbègmd

,?'

Pyixgjm `rjymh bj~gmd

,?'

I|bi~xgjm xj xli ~rjoeif

,?'

Fgr`bei pyixgjm

,?'



?90 55


“Mjx cmjtgmd‗ pyixgjm

,?'

Egximgmd jr xrimdxl

,?'




== ?9?

@bxgqgxw 2-??

Blibc jyx

Ryddixih fixljh;

Gmqgxi ~`rxgbg~`mx xj orgiw l`ri ―tliri xliw `ri‖ gm xirf j xligr h`w‗ ~irjmè0-

i|~irgimbi-








i|~irgimbi

@ bjffjm drjymhu


^`rxgbg~`mx l`qi ù

~`bi xj riibx jm

gdmgb`mx `bxjr

jyxghi xli drjy~

xl`x bjyeh gmyimbi

xli drjy~ ~rjbi-

^`rxgbg~`mx l`qi ù

~`bi xj riibx jm


`mh bjyri&rie`xih

i|~irgimbi-

?9 fgmyxi

Mjmi

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi







== ?98

@bxgqgxw 2-?8

Bjmhimxgègxw

Ryddixih fixljh;

Hgqghi xli be` gmxj fèe drjy~ j xlrii xj qi-0-

Gyi l`mhjyx?- Bjmahimxgègxw `mh wjyrie -

@c xli ~`rxgbg~`mx xj tjrc xlrjydl i`bl pyixgjm mh hgby xljrjydlew-2-

@xir òjyx 2> fgmyxi% orgmd èe xli drjy~ xjdixlir `mh tjrc xlrjydl i`bl8-

pyixgjm-

Rxgfye`xi hio`xi mh hgbygjm- Blèeimdi y~irbgè mtir mh rjf xgfi xj9-

xgfi dgqi ~ibgb i|`f~ei jr bim`rgj xj hio`xi-

Rfèe&drjy~ hgbygjm-

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi ymhirx`mhgmd

j xli gf~jrx`mbi j

bjmhimxgègxw-

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi ymhirx`mhgmd

j xli hgirimbi

oixtiim xi`f bjm&

himxgègxw% l`rih

bjmhimxgègxw% mh

bjmhimxgègxw qiry

ibribw-

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi ymhirx`mhgmdj xli egfgx`xgjm j

bjmhimxgègxw-

1> fgmyxi

Ixlgbè gyi l`mhjyx

`mh g~&bl`rx

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi




?99 55


Bjmhimxgègxw `mh wjyriea

F`ci jfi mjxi gm ri~jmi xj xli jeejtgmd pyixgjm;

Tl`x hj wjy hj g ` begimx hgbeji jfixlgmd

xj wjy tlgbl f`w imh`mdir jxlir% i-d- ` ~`rx&

mir:

Rljyeh wjy x`ci ri~jmgogegxw jr xli hgbejyri

begimx f`ci:

Ljt hj wjy cmjt tlixlir xli gmjrf`xgjm xl`x

` begimx dgqi wjy g xryi:

Tlj hj l`ri wjyr iiegmd tgxl òjyx gyi xj

hj tgxl bjmhimxgègxw:

Tl`x hj wjy hj g ` begimx xiee wjy jfixlgmd

tlgbl wjy mh hgx`xiye:

Tliri hji xli f`gm egmi j wjyr ri~jmgogegxw

egi; xj wjyr if~ejwir% wjyr begimx% wjyr x`% wjyr&ie% wjyr `fgew `mh jxlir:




== ?91

Ojymh`rgi `mh bjmhimxgègxw

,`h`~xih rjf Bjymieegmd Rcgee jr Hyffgi ow D`ge Iq`m'



?94 55


@ jjm wjy ri gm ` lie~gmd bjmqir`xgjm tgxl jfijmi% wjy miih xj mh ~`bi xj i|~e`gm

tl`x bjmhimxgègxw fi`m j xl`x xli ~i`cir gm‗x ymhir `mw fg`~~rilimgjm- Ghièew hj

xlg `x xli x`rx j xli bjmqir`xgjm- G xli ~i`cir hgbeji xlgmd xj wjy oijri wjy‗qi oiim

bei`r òjyx wjyr ri~jmgogegxgi xj hgbeji birx`gm xlgmd xj jxlir ~ij~ei% wjy b`m imh y~ gm

` hgbyex ~jgxgjm- Iqim g jfijmi g y~ix% dimxew gmxirqimi xj f`ci ` orgi x`xifimx-

Gx f`w èj% gm jfi gxy`xgjm% oi gf~jrx`mx xj hgxgmdygl oixtiim ibribw `mh bjmhimxg&

ègxw- Ribribw tjyeh gf~ew xl`x jmbi l`rih% ` ~gibi j gmjrf`xgjm b`m miqir oi riqièih xj

`mwjmi iei- Tlgei ` bjymieejr xrgqi xj cii~ èe gmjrf`xgjm ~rgq`xi% xliri `ri egfgx xj xlg

rgdlx xj ~rgq`bw `mh gm birx`gm% qirw ~ibgb% bgrbyfx`mbi% wjy f`w l`qi xj ~i`c xj ` xlgrh

~`rxw òjyx wjyr begimx‗ hgbejyri- Wjy ljyeh `hqgi wjyr begimx xl`x ` fybl ` ~jgoei

wjy tgee t`rm xlif òjyx ` ori`bl j bjmhimxgègxw `mh cii~ xlif gmjrfih òjyx bjmi&

pyimbi-

Xlii `ri jfi ja xli ~jximxgè egfgx xj bjmhimxgègxw

Rìxw j blgehrim;Ø _ififoir xl`x xlg ~ibx `~~egi ipyèew tlixlir wjy‗ri xèc&

gmd xj ` blgeh jr `m `hyex% oib`yi xli `hyex f`w fimxgjm ` blgeh tlj g `x rgc jr `

gxy`xgjm tliri ` blgeh bjyeh oi ` rgc- I|`f~ei gmbeyhi; ~`rimx tlj `ri `rdygmd

i|bigqiew mh xlg bjyeh gmbeyhi hjfixgb qgjeimbi% m èeidih blgeh oyir rjf xli

~irjm‗ ~`x tlj f`w xgee l`qi i`w `bbi xj blgehrim% `mh ` wjymd `hyex tlj l`

oiim òyih `mh tlj l` wjymdir goegmd xgee `x ljfi-

Rìxw j ie `mh jxlir;Ø G xli lie~&iicir gmhgb`xi xliw tgl xj irgjyew l`rf

xlifieqi ,xlrjydl ygbghi' jr jxlir ,xlrjydl ljfgbghi' wjy ljyeh ri~jrx xlg

xj wjyr fimxjr * y~irqgjr gffihg`xiew- Xlg ljyeh oi i|~e`gmih y~rjmx tlim

hgbygmd bjmhimxgègxw mh gx egfgx- Tliri xli lie~&iicir g tgxlljehgmd gm&

jrf`xgjm tlgbl bjyeh l`rf jfijmi iei ,jr i|`f~ei xliw l`qi mjx xjeh xligr

i|yè ~`rxmir xliw `ri LGQ ~jgxgqi `mh xliw `ri l`qgmd ym~rjxibxih i|' wjy ljyeh




== ?9<

imbjyr`di `mh `gx xli lie~&iicir xj hgbeji xlg gmjrf`xgjm ,jfixgfi xlg g

bèeih l`rih bjmahimxgègxw% ` xli ~rgq`xi gmjrf`xgjm l` mjt oiim l`rih tgxl xlibjymieejr% xli begimx `mh ` ~ibgb xlgrh ~`rxw jr ~`rxgi'-

Jrd`mg`xgjmè ri~jmgogegxgi;Ø blibc xli ~jegbgi j wjyr jrd`mg`xgjm- Ajr i|&

`f~ei% èxljydl wjy f`w oiegiqi xl`x ` ~irjm l` xli rgdlx xj ie&hixrybxgqi

oil`qgjyr ,ybl byxxgmd oil`qgjyr' wjyr jrd`mg`xgjm f`w ripygri wjy xj hgbeji

ybl rgc- G xli ~irjm‗ kjo ri~jmgogegxgi ri xlri`ximih ow lir egixwei ,hryd&

x`cgmd% èbjlje yi' wjy f`w l`qi ` hyxw xj hgbeji- Jxlir ~ij~ei f`w oi gmqjeqih

gm ` ~irjm‗ b`ri% j jfi jrd`mg`xgjm jir bjmhimxgègxw tgxlgm xli jrd`mg`xgjm

,jfixgfi bèeih xi`f bjmahimxgègxw '-

Fimxjrgmd `mh y~irqggjm;Ø G wjy‗ri eybcw imjydl xj l`qi fimxjrlg~ * y~irqg&

gjm% hgbeji xlg gmjrf`xgjm xj xli lie~ iicir `mh i|~e`gm tl`x gx fi`m- Ajr

i|`f~ei% ―Gm fw y~irqggjm G hjm‗x hgbeji ghimxgwgmd gmjrf`xgjm ybl ` m`fi tlim G

hgby fw tjrc‖-

_ibjrh;Ø Wjyr jrd`mg`xgjm f`w ripygri wjy xj cii~ ribjrh- Wjy ljyeh hgbeji

xlg xj xli lie~&iicir `mh oi ~ri~`rih xj `mtir pyixgjm òjyx xli ibyrgxw `mh

~rgq`bw j% `mh `bbi xj% ybl ribjrh-

Mjxi; gm xli bì j y~ibxih blgeh òyi jr `mw jxlir gyi xl`x ripygri xli bjymieejr xj

xi~ jyx j xli bjymieegmd r`fi% bjmyex fimxjr jr y~irqgjr jr hqgbi jm xli i|`bx xi~

xj jeejt-



?97 55


@bxgqgxw 2-?9

_iqgitgmd cgeeHgh`bxgb gm~yx `mh ~`grih

rjei&~e`w

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi ymhirx`mhgmd

j riqgitgmd cgee gmìgmd xli yb&

bii% blgiqifimx

`mh blèeimdi j

bjymieegmd-

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi ymhirx`mhgmd

j xli rjei j riqgit&

gmd gm x`cgmd xjbc%

iqim g bjymieegmd g

xj bjmxgmyi-

2> fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx

_iqgitgmd; iqèy`xgmd tl`x l` oiim blgiqih xly `r gm bjymieegmd jr i&

gmd ~e`m xl`x xli begimx l` gf~eifimxih ` ` riyex j bjymieegmd-

Ryddixih fixljh;

Dgqi gm~yx jm xli oimix j riqgitgmd cgee-0-

Hgqghi ~`rxgbg~`mx gmxj ~`gr xj rjei&~e`w riqgitgmd cgee- @c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj?-

f`ci y~ ` bim`rgj j ` rx bjymieegmd igjm xl`x l` oiim rymmgmd jr 2>

fgmyxi- @c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj ~r`bxgi riqgitgmd tl`x l` l`~~imih gm xli i&

gjm xly `r-

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi





== ?1>

@bxgqgxw 2-?1

Imhgmd cgee

Rx`dih rjei&~e`w `mh

hgh`bxgb gm~yx


xli hwm`fgb j

imhgmd bjymieegmdigjm jr bjymie&

egmd rie`xgjmlg~-

2> fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx

Egmc imhgmd xj xli gmgxgè `driifimx ,bjmxr`bx' f`hi `x xli oidgmmgmd j

bjymieegmd-

Gm Rjyxl @rgb`% gx g mjx ymbjffjm jr begimx xj xj~ bjfgmd oijri xli driih

myfoir j bjymieegmd igjm l` bjfi xj `m imh-

Xlg f`w jbbyr jr q`rgjy ri`jm% tlgbl jxim l` egxxei xj hj tgxl xli pyègxw

j xli bjymieegmd-

Ryddixih fixljh;

I|~ejri tlim xirfgm`xgjm j xli bjymieegmd rie`xgjmlg~ g ~~rj~rg`xi-0-

Dgqi gm~yx jm xli hgirimbi oixtiim imhgmd i`bl igjm `mh imhgmd ` irgi?-

j igjm-

Hgby xli ifjxgjm j xli begimx `mh xli bjymieejr xl`x bjyeh oi iqjcih ow2-

imhgmd- ^ri~`rgmd jr xirfgm`xgjm g gmxidrè-

Or`gmxjrf tgxl xli be`% jm xli g~bl`rx oj`rh% xli q`rgjy cgee xl`x bjyeh oi8-

yih gm imhgmd ` bjymieegmd igjm,'-

Gm drjy~ j xlrii% `c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj rjei&~e`w cgee egmcih xj imhgmd-9-

Gm ~eim`rw% hgby iiho`bc-1-

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi




?10 55





== ?1?

_iqgitgmd `mh imhgmd ` igjm jr ` irgi ja igjm ja bjymieegmd

,`h`~xih rjf Bjymieegmd Rcgee jr Hyffgi ow D`ge Iq`m'

Xli bjymieejr miih xj oi òei xj iqèy`xi ljt xli igjm timx gm xirf j xli jeyxgjm,'

hiqiej~ih mh tlixlir xli begimx * bjymieejr rie`xgjmlg~ t` `fgbòei mh ~rjhybxgqi- Xlg

~rjbi j riqgitgmd `mh iqèy`xgmd orgmd jmi igjm xj ` beji jr bjyeh orgmd ` irgi j

igjm xj ` beji% `mh ljyeh yyèew oi egmcih xj xli bjmxr`bx-

Xli bjymieejr bjyeh `w xj xli begimx;

―Ti miih xj orgmd xlg igjm xj `m imh% eix‗ ~imh jfi xgfi x`cgmd xjbc-‖ Ø

―G ii ti l`qi aqi fgmyxi eix% ~irl`~ xlg tjyeh oi ` djjh xgfi xj orgmd xlgmd xj `Ø

beji-‖

―Ljt hgh wjy amh xli igjm:‖ Ø

―Tl`x t` lie~ye jr ymlie~ye jr wjy:‖ Ø

―Tl`x b`m wjy x`ci rjf xlg igjm:‖ Ø

―Ljt hj wjy iie òjyx xl`x gyi ti hgh mjx rijeqi:‖ Ø

―Ljt hj wjy iie òjyx xli `bx xl`x xlg g jyr e`x igjm:‖ Ø

―Tl`x gdm bjyeh wjy ejjc jyx jr gm xli yxyri xj cmjt tlim xj x`ci `bxgjm:‖ Ø



?12 55


Xli bjymieejr miih xj xlgmc òjyx

Tl`x g wjy jtm xxgxyhi xj bieior`xgmd imhgmd mh dgqgmd ~r`gi:Ø

Ljt bjyeh xlg ìbx ljt wjy tjrc tgxl begimx:Ø

G gx `~~rj~rg`xi xj f`rc xli imhgmd j bjymieegmd gm `mw t`w:Ø

Tl`x g wjyr `~~rj`bl xj lyd `mh l`mhl`ci: ,Rii mjxi jm xjybl i`regir gm xlgØ

f`myè-'

Tl`x g wjyr `~~rj`bl xj dgx tlgbl begimx f`w orgmd xj xl`mc wjy jr wjyr `g&Ø

x`mbi: Rjfi pyixgjm xj bjmghir liri gmbeyhi;

G gx JC xj ribigqi dgx `x èe ‒ jr i|`f~ei% hji wjyr jrd`mg`xgjm l`qi ` ~jegbwu

jm dgx:

Tl`x cgmh j dgx tjyeh gx oi `bbi~xòei xj ribigqi ‒ fjmiw% jfixlgmd l`mh&u

f`hi% `m i|~imgqi gxif:

Ljt tgee xli begimx ri`bx g wjy riyi xli dgx:u

Hj wjy bjmghir xli dgx ~irjmè jr jfixlgmd wjy ljyeh hjm`xi xj wjyr jr&u

d`mg`xgjm:

Rljyeh wjy hgby xli ribig~x j xli dgx tgxl wjyr fimxjr * y~irqgjr:u

G xli dgx g tr`~~ih% ljyeh wjy ymtr`~ gx gm rjmx j xli begimx jr j~im gx e`xir:u

Tl`x gf~`bx bjyeh wjyr ri`bxgjm xj xli dgx l`qi jm xli begimx:u

Rljyeh wjy dgqi begimx dgx ‒ jfi bjymieejr egci xj dgqi ` begimx jfixlgmdu

egci ` ~jif jr ~gbxyri xj gm~gri xlif:

Mjxi ‒ xliri g mj jmi gmdei bjrribx `mtir xj xlii pyixgjm `mh wjy ljyeh hgby xlg

tgxl fimxjr mh wjyr jrd`mg`xgjm-




== ?18

Yiaye xr`xidgi ajr xli bjymieejrTlim ~jgoei% ~e`m jr imhgmd; wjy miih xj xlgmc òjyx; ~ri~`rgmd wjyrie `mh

wjyr begimx jr xli imhgmd- _ibjdmgi tliri xli begimx g `x ,~jgxgqi% miyxrè% mid`xgqi'-

F`ci ` hibggjm òjyx tlixlir `m gffihg`xi jr ~lìh imhgmd g `~~rj~rg`xi- Tl`x

cgmh j djjhowi tjyeh oi ~~rj~rg`xi:

Ryff`rgi xli igjm; yff`rgi jr xli begimx xli f`gm ~jgmx xl`x l`qi ifirdih gm

xli igjm,' ‒ jr `c xli begimx xj hj j- Wjy b`m ej riir o`bc xj xli jqirèe djè j xli

bjymieegmd hgbyih gm xli bjmxr`bx jr xli ~ibgb djè j xlg igjm% g ixòeglih-

_iqgit jr rifgmh òjyx xli `bxgjm ~e`m; `x xlg ~jgmx gx f`w oi yiye xj hgby xli

t`w jrt`rh ‒ hj begimx l`qi “ljfitjrc‗ xj hj: Tliri ~jgoei% xlii x`c jr xli beg&

imx fyx oi ~ibgb% fi`yròei% blgiqòei% riègxgb mh xgfi ojymh-

If~l`gi `blgiqifimx; G xli begimx l` f`hi djjh ~rjdri gx b`m jfixgfi oi

`~~rj~rg`xi xj jir tjrh j bcmjteihdfimx mh imbjyr`difimx- Rxri ~ibgb jyx&

bjfi tlgbl wjy xlgmc l`qi oiim lie~ye- Wjy b`m ej gmqgxi xli begimx xj fimxgjm xli

lgdl ~jgmx j xli igjm,'-

Mjrfègi fg|ih iiegmd; Xli begimx f`w oi i|bgxih `mh riegiqih òjyx imhgmd bjym&

ieegmd oyx f`w èj iie `hmi òjyx imhgmd ` rie`xgjmlg~% i~ibgèew g gx t` rygxye

`mh beji- Gx g yiye xj rifgmh begimx xl`x èe xlii iiegmd `ri mjrfè `mh `~~rj~rg`xi-

Bjmbeyhi jm ` lgdl mjxi; g ~jgoei% dgqi xli begimx ` fi`mgmdye pyjxi jr x`xifimx

xj xlgmc òjyx- Xl`mc xlif jr xligr gmqjeqifimx `mh tgl xlif djjh eybc tgxl xli

gf~eifimx`xgjm j `mw ~e`m jr xi~ driih y~jm- _ifgmh xlif j wjyr jmdjgmd q`ge&

ògegxw ow xiei~ljmi jr `~~jgmxfimx% tlgbliqir g rieiq`mx-

Oyx hj mjx `qjgh blèeimdi `mh d`~; Mjx èe igjm `ri ybbiye jr hiqjgh j

~rjoeif `mh d`~- Gx tjyeh oi fjri ljmix xj `bcmjteihdi blèeimdi g xliw l`qi

jbbyrrih- Xli begimx tgee qèyi xlg ljmixw g x`bxyeew l`mheih% mh oi ei egciew xj ei`qi

bjymieegmd tgxl ymrijeqih iiegmd-



?19 55


^lìh qiry gffihg`xi imhgmd

@ ~lìh imhgmd b`m x`ci hgirimx jrf; ~e`mmih “ti`mgmd‗ ~rjbi tgxl dr`hyèew ejmdir

ori`c oixtiim igjm% l`qgmd jeejt&y~ igjm gm ` it tiic% jr ei`qgmd xli hjjr j~im

jr yxyri fiixgmd- @m gffihg`xi imhgmd bjyeh jbbyr g xli begimx `mmjymbi xliw `ri mjx

bjfgmd o`bc- Xliw f`w `bi i|xirmè bgrbyfx`mbi tlgbl ~riqimx xlif rjf bjfgmd jr wjy

f`w l`qi ` ri`jm ,ybl ` geemi jr yhhim tjrc `gdmfimx' tlgbl x`ci wjy `t`w rjf

xli jbi-




== ?11

Xg~ xj `qjgh ei`qgmd xli begimx gm ` hgabyex ifjxgjmè x`xi;

@x xli imh hjm‗x `c xjj f`mw j~im pyixgjm òjyx ifjxgjm-Ø

Hjm‗x j~im y~ ifjxgjmèew hgbyex `ri`-Ø

@qjgh djgmd gmxj mit ~ibx-Ø

Hjm‗x i|~ejri “ojfoliee‗ oyx `bcmjteihdi xlif-Ø

@eejt imjydl xgfi xj i|~ejri iiegmd xljrjydlew-Ø

@bcmjteihdi begimx hg`~~jgmxfimx gm wjy oyx xri tl`x wjy b`m jir% jr l`qiØ

jirih xlif-



?14 55


@bxgqgxw 2-?4

Rgfye`xih bjymieegmd igjm `mh ~iir iqèy`xgjm

Ryddixih fixljh;

Hgqghi ~`rxgbg~`mx gmxj drjy~ j xlrii ‒ begimx% bjymieejr mh joirqir-0-

@c xli “begimx‗ xj f`ci y~ ` ~rjoeif `rjymh xli xlifi j ?- bjmgbx-

@c bjymieejr xj xrw xj yi ee xli bjymieegmd cgee xliw l`qi ei`rmx j `r gm xli2-

bjyri- _ifgmh ~`rxgbg~`mx j xli fjhie j bjymieegmd; oygehgmd ` jymh`xgjm

,bjmxr`bxgmd g gf~jrx`mx'% lie~gmd xli begimx xiee xligr xjrw% lie~gmd xli begimx i|~ejri

j~xgjm% lie~gmd xli begimx f`ci ` ~e`m `mh riqgitgmd-

Geeyxr`xi xl`x gm riègxw% èe xlii bjymieegmd cgee tjyeh mjx yyèew oi yih gm8-

xli rx igjm% oyx r`xlir ~ri`h jyx xlrjydl igjm ` xli bjymieegmd rie`&

xgjmlg~ g oygex-

@c joirqir xj yi xli blibcegx ~rjqghih gm xligr f`myè-9-

^`rxgbg~`mx ljyeh t`~ rjei% g xgfi ~irfgx-1-

Xrg`h rjei&~e`w mh ~iir

ìfimx

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi m ymhirx`mh&

gmd j bjymieegmd-

1> fgmyxi

Joirqir‗ blibcegx

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi





== ?1<

Joirqir rjei&~e`w blibcegx

O i

l ` q g j y r

M j x l j

t m ` x ` e e

, b j r i 6

> '

E g f g x i h i q g h i m b i j a o i l ` q g j y r

, b j r i 6

0 '

A y e e

i q g h i m b i j a o i l ` q g j y r , b j r i

6 ? '

B ` m h g h ` x i d r i i x b e g i m x

t `

r f e w ` m h g m x r j h y b i i e

M j d r i i

x g m d

D r i i x g m d

g b j e h ` m h y m r g i m h e w

D r i i

x g m d g t ` r f `

m h r g i m h e w

B ` m h g h ` x i l ` ` ~ ~ r j ~ r g ` x i

i w i b j m x ` b x t g x l b e g i m x

M j i w i b j m x ` b x

Q i r w e g x x e i

i w i b j m x ` b x

J _ x ` r g m

d

_ i d y e ` r i w i b j m x ` b x % o y x m j x ` r &

g m d

B ` m h g h ` x i g x t g x l j ~ i m

~ j

x y r i

O j x l ` r f

` m h e i d ` r i

b r j i h

I g x l i r ` r f

j r e i d ` r i b r j i h

M i g x l i r ` r f m j r e i d ` r i b r j i h

B ` m h g h ` x i ` e e j t b e g i m x x j

~ i ` c j ~ i m e w

B ` m h g h `

x i g m x i r r y ~ x r i &

p y i m x e w

B ` m h g h ` x

i g m x i r r y ~ x j b b ` g j m ` e e w

B ` m h g h ` x i h j i m j x g m x i r r y ~ x

B ` m h g h ` x i m i d j x g ` x i b j m &

x r `

b x t g x l b e g i m x g m x i r f j

b j m h i m x g ` e g x w

B j m h i m x g ` e g x w m j x f i m &

x g j m i h `

x ` e e

B j m h i m

x g ` e g x w f i m x g j m i h o y x m j x

i | ~ e ` g m i h j r m j x i | ~ e ` g m i h b e i ` r e w

B j m h i m x g ` e g x w ` m h e g f g x j

b j m h i m x g ` e g x w f i m x g j m i h ` m h

i | ~ e ` g m i h

B ` m h g h ` x i g m j m q i r o ` e e w ` b &

b i ~ x g m d j b e g i m x

B ` m h g h `

x i l j t x l i i o i &

l ` q g j y r ; r j t m % e j j c ` t ` w

r i p y i m x e w

B ` m h g h ` x

i l j t 0 j x l i i ?

o i l ` q g j y

r

B ` m h g h ` x i l j t m i g x l i r j x l i i

? o i

l ` q g j y r

B e g i m x g q i r o ` e e w ` b b i ~ x g m d

j b e g i m x

B ` m h g h `

x i i | ~ r i i h g ` ~ &

~ r j q ` e j

r k y h d i f i m x j b e g i m x

g m t j r h

B ` m h g h ` x i i | ~ r i i m j h g ` ~ &

~ r j q

` e j r k y h d i f i m x j b e g i m x g m

t j r h



?17 55


B ` m h g h ` x i l j t t ` r f x l

` m h g m x i r i x g m b e g i m x

B ` m h g h `

x i h j i m j x f g e i ` x

b e g i m x m j r i | ~ r i g m x i r i x

B ` m h g h ` x

i i g x l i r f g e i ` x b e g i m x j r



i | ~ r

i i g m x i r i x

B ` m h g h ` x i i m b j y r ` d i b e g i m x

x j

~ i ` c

B ` m h g h `

x i j i r m j i m b j y r &

` d i f i m

x

B ` m h g h ` x

i h j i m j x i | ~ e g b g x e w ` c

b e g i m x x j ~ i ` c o y x j i r m j m &

q i r o ` e i m

b j y r ` d i f i m x , i - d - o

w

m j h h g m d '

B ` m h g h ` x i i | ~ e g b g x e w ` c b e g i m x

x j ~

i ` c , i - d - `

w ― T l i r i h j w j y

t ` m

x x j o i d g m : ‗ j r ― X i e e f i f j r i ‖ '

B ` m h g h ` x i r i a i b x i i e g m d

` m h b j m x i m x

B ` m h g h `

x i h j i m j x r i a i b x

i i e g m d

` x ` e e

B ` m h g h ` x

i r i a i b x i i e g m d y ~ i r &

b g ` e e w ` m h

r i a i b x b j m x i m x j x i m

B ` m h g h ` x i ` b b y r ` x i e w r i a i b x i i e &

g m d

j x i m ` m h r i a i b x b j m x i m x e i

j x i m

B ` m h g h ` x i

r i a i b x

~ r j b i

, g f

f i h g ` b w '

B ` m h g h `

x i h j i m j x r i a i b x

~ r j b i

t l i m m i i h i h

B ` m h g h ` x

i r i a i b x ~ r j b i g m ` m

` o r y ~ x k y

h d i f i m x ` e t ` w

B ` m h g h ` x i

r i a i b x

~ r j b i

i f &

~ ` x l

g b ` e e w ` m h ` ~ ~ r j ~ r g ` x i e w t l i m

m i i h i h

B ` m h g h ` x i y i x l i y f f ` &

r g g m d ` m h ~ ` r ` ~ l r ` g m d c g e e

B ` m h g h `

x i h j i m j x y i x l i

y f f ` r g g m d ` m h ~ ` r ` ~ l r ` &

g m d c g e e

B ` m h g h ` x

i j m e w y i x l i y f f ` r g &

g m d ` m h ~

` r ` ~ l r ` g m d c g e e b ` r b i e w

B ` m h g h ` x i y i x l i y f f ` r g g m d

` m h

~ ` r ` ~ l r ` g m d c g e e ` ~ ~ r j ~ r g &

` x i e w

x j r i j b y ` m h b e ` r g w

B ` m h g h ` x i

` c

r i e i q ` m x

p y

i x g j m x l ` x ` r i r i e ` x i h x j


B ` m h g h `

x i ` c m j p y i x g j m

B ` m h g h ` x

i ` c p y i x g j m o y x x l i w

` r i m j x h g r i b x e w r i e ` x i h x j b e g i m x ‗

g x y ` x g j m

B ` m h g h ` x i ` c p y i x g j m r i e ` x i h

x j b e g i m x ‗ g x y ` x g j m

B ` m h g h ` x i

` c j e y x g j m & j &

b y i h p y i x g j m x l ` x ` r i r i &

e ` x i h x j b e g i m x ‗ g x y ` x g j m

B ` m h g h `

x i ` c m j p y i x g j m

B ` m h g h ` x

i ` c p y i x g j m o y x x l i w

` r i m j x h g r i b x e w r i e ` x i h x j b e g i m x ‗

g x y ` x g j m

B ` m h g h ` x i

` c

j e y x g j m & j b y i h

p y i x g j m r i e ` x i h x j b e g i m x ‗ g x y ` &

x g j m




== ?4>

B `

m h g h ` x i l i e ~ b e g i m x g h i m &

x g w ` q ` g e ` o e i j ~ x g j m

M j o r ` g m x j r f g m d j ` q ` g e ` o e i

j ~ x g j m

@ q ` g e ` o e i

j ~ x g j m ` r i g h i m x g i h o y x

b ` m h g h ` x

i ~ r j q g h i ` e e j x l i f

@ x e i ` x x t j ` q ` g e ` o e i j ~ x g j m ` r i

g h i m

x g i h ` m h b e g i m x ~ r j q g h i ` x

e i ` x j m i j x l i f

B `

m h g h ` x i l i e ~ b e g i m x g h i m x g &

w

` h q ` m x ` d i ` m h h g ` h q ` m &

x ` d i j i ` b l j ~ x g j m

M j

` h q

` m x ` d i ` m h

h g ` h &

q ` m x ` d i

g h i m x g i h

J m e w b ` m h g h ` x i g h i m x g i ` h q ` m &

x ` d i ` m h h g ` h q ` m x ` d i

B e g i m x g h i m x g i ` h q ` m x ` d i ` m h

h g ` h q ` m x ` d i j r e i ` x j m i j ~ x g j m

B `

m h g h ` x i

` g x b e g i m x x j


b l

j i m j ~ x g j m , '

M j

i | ~

e j r ` x g j m

j r i p y g r i h

` b x g j m

_ i p y g r i h

` b x g j m ` r i i | ~ e j r i h o y x

~ j j r e w

_ i p y g r i h ` b x g j m ` r i y e e w i | ~ e j r i h

B `

m h g h ` x i

` g x b e g i m x x j

i | ~ e j r i

r i y e x

j b l j i m

` b x g j m , '

M j i | ~

e j r ` x g j m j r i y e x j

b l j i m

` b x g j m , '

_ i y e x

j b l j i m

` b x g j m , ' ` r i


_ i y e x j b l j i m ` b x g j m , ' ` r i y e e w

i | ~ e j r i h

B j f ~ i x i m x 6 ` b j r i o i x t i i m

? < ` m h 2 1

Ø

M j w i x b j f ~ i x i m x 6 b j r i j ? < j r o i e j t -

Ø



?40 55


@bxgqgxw 2-?<

Brgg f`m`difimx `mh ìgmd ygbghi rgc


hgbygjm

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi ymhirx`mh&

gmd j o`gb brggf`m`difimx-

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi ymhirx`mhgmd

j ygbghi rgc ì&

fimx-

89 fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx

G xli begimx `mtir ―Wi‖ xj `mw j xli jeejtgmd pyixgjm% wjy fyx x`ci gx irg&

jyew mh jeejt y~;

L`qi wjy xljydlx j ljt xj bjffgx ygbghi:

Hj wjy l`qi ` ~e`m:

L`qi wjy hibghih tlim:

L`qi wjy iqir xrgih gx oijri:

L`qi wjy f`hi `rr`mdifimx òjyx tl`x ljyeh l`~~im `xirt`rh: ,Ajr i|&

`f~ei% ribimx tgee% ~e`m jr blgehrim':

Kyx òjyx iqirwjmi l` bjmghirih ygbghi% ljtiqir iixgmdew% `x jmi xgfi jr

`mjxlir- Ljtiqir% g xli begimx l` ` ~e`m j ygbghi% xli rgc g qirw lgdl-

Ryddixih fixljh;

Dgqi gm~yx jm brgg f`m`difimx0-

Lgdlegdlx xl`x xli fjx gf~jrx`mx cgee gm lie~gmd begimx djgmd xlrjydl brgg?-

g xj bri`xi ` xryxgmd rie`xgjmlg~ `mh lie~ xlif xiee xligr xjrw -

Dgqi gm~yx jm o`gb ygbghi ìfimx-2-

Hgby `mh i|~ejri q`rgjy j~xgjm jm ljt xj f`m`di ` begimx tlj g irgjyew8-

bjmghirgmd ygbghi-

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi





== ?4?



?42 55


Brgg f`m`difimx

Gx g ribjffimhih xl`x ` bjymieejr tlj gm‗x xr`gmih gm brgg f`m`difimx ljyeh riir beg&

imx gm brgg xj xr`yf` bjymieegmd bimxri- Ljtiqir% gx g gmiqgxòei xl`x x jfi x`di hyrgmd

bjymieegmd% ` bjymieejr tgee l`qi xj bjymie ` begimx gm brgg-

Jmi j xli xlgmd xl`x xr`yf`xgih ~ij~ei mh fjx lie~ye g xj oi òei xj xiee xli yee xjrw

j tl`x l`~~imih xj xlif xj m if~`xlgb egximir- _ififoir xj ~i`c xj fimxjr xir xli

igjm% j wjy b`m hiorgi ` tiee!

@igmd ygbghi rgc

G xli begimx `mtir ―Wi‖ xj `mw j xli jeejtgmd pyixgjm% wjy fyx x`ci gx irgjyew `mh

jeejt gx y~;

Hjm‗x oi b`rih xj `c ‒ wjy tjm‗x dgqi xli begimx `mw ghi`% oyx r`xlir xliw tgee iie riegiqih

xl`x jfijmi l` `cih! Kyx òjyx iqirwjmi l` bjmghirih ygbghi% ljtiqir iixgmdew% `x

jmi xgfi jr `mjxlir- Ljtiqir% g xli begimx l` ` ~e`m j ygbghi% xli rgc g qirw lgdl-

G wjy iie xli begimx g gm `mw t`w ` ~jgoei ygbghi rgc% xrw mjx xj ei`qi xlif jm xligr jtm

`xir xli bjymieegmd igjm- Imbjyr`di xli begimx xj ~i`c xj ` ~wbljejdgx jr hjbxjr% `mh

tèc tgxl xlif xj xli lièxl b`ri ~rjigjmè% g ~jgoei- @c xli begimx g wjy b`m bèe xryx&

ih rgimh jr `fgew fifoir xj bjfi `mh ixbl xlif% iqim g xliw l`qi xligr jtm xr`m~jrx-

G ~jgoei% xiee wjyr fimxjr `xir xli igjm- G èe iei `ge `mh gx g ` irgjy rgc% imbjyr`di

xli begimx xj ojjc xlifieqi gmxj ` ejbè lj~gxè jr begmgb jr xli mgdlx% `mh imyri xliw dix

xliri-




== ?48

@bxgqgxw 2-?7

Tlim xj riairHgh`bxgb gm~yx mh drjy~

hgbygjm

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi t`rimi j

xli gdm `mh wf~&

xjf j m|gixw% xri

`mh hi~rigjm-

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi t`rimi j

tlim xj riir begimx-

89 fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx

@ l`mhw ryei jr riirrgmd begimx xj ~wbljejdgx g tlim xli begimx‗ oil`qgjyr

jr ifjxgjm ei`h xj gdmgb`mx hwymbxgjm gm xtj jr fjri bjmxi|x j xl`x ~ir&

jm‗ egi i-d- ljfi% tjrc

Ryddixih fixljh;

Gm xli e`rdi drjy~% i|~ejri gmx`mbi jr bim`rgj tlim bjymieejr ljyeh riir0-begimx xj fjri i|~irgimbih ~rjigjmè-

Trgxi xli yddixgjm jm xli g~bl`rx oj`rh-?-

Dgqi gm~yx jm jxlir gmx`mbi tlim bjymieejr ljyeh riir-2-

Lgdlegdlx xl`x gx g ymixlgbè jr bjymieejr ,`mh ym`gr xjt`rh begimx' xj tjrc 8-

tgxl ~rjoeif jyxghi j xligr bj~i j ~r`bxgbi `mh bjf~iximbi-

Imbjyr`di hgbygjm mh hio`xi-9-

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi




?49 55


_iairrgmd

^rjoeif xl`x èt`w bèe ajr ~rjaigjmè lie~;

hi~rigjm mh*jr ygbghè xljydlxØ

i|xrifi xri% m|gixw jr ~`mgbØ

ymrijeqih drgi Ø

èbjljegf * hryd òyiØ

irgjy fihgbè ~rjoeifØ

i`xgmd hgjrhirØ

eidè ~rjoeifØ

`fgew hgbyexgi-Ø

@ej% bjmghir riairrgmd begimx tlim wjy ri gm xli `mw ja aje&

ejtgmd gxy`xgjm;

brgg gm wjyr jtm egi ‒ `fgew% rie`xgjmlg~% tjrc% ixb-Ø

jeejtgmd gdmgb`mx ejØ

bjffgxfimx xj jxlir joegd`xgjmØ

~lwgbè jr ifjxgjmè lièxl ~rjoeifØ

`m|gjy jr xriihØ

jqirtjrcih `x kjo jr xyhgi-Ø

A`bxjr xj bjmghir tlim riairrgmd ` begimx

Dix ` bei`r ghi` j tl`x xli ~rjoeif g oijri riirrgmd-Ø

Cmjt wjyr egfgx`xgjm `mh hj mjx dix jyx j wjyr hi~xl gm xirf j bjf~iximbi-Ø

Bljji wjyr tjrh b`riyeew- jgoei ~lrì gmbeyhi;Ø

Wjy fgdlx mh gx lie~ye xj‡u

Wjy fgdlx egci xj xèc tgxl‡u

Tjyeh wjy bjmghir xècgmd tgxl‡ :u




== ?41

G xlgmc gx fgdlx oi yiye jr wjy xj‡u

Hj mjx `w% ―Wjyu miih xj ii‖‡ jr ―Wjy fyx xèc ‡‖

Oi ljmix- Xiee xli ~irjm tlw wjy `ri mjx xli oix ~irjm jr tlw jfijmi ieiØ

fgdlx oi oixxir lie~ `x xl`x fjfimx-

Hj mjx iie jqirtliefih jr dygexw g wjy b`mmjx lie~-Ø

_iibx xli begimx‗ iiegmd `rjymh oigmd riirrih% if~`xlgbèew-Ø



?44 55


Ymhirx`mhgmd `m|gixw

G begimx g `m|gjy jr bjf~e`gm j m|gixw% bjymieejr bjyeh c xli jeejtgmd pyi&

xgjm xj ymhirx`mh tl`x xli begimx g iiegmd;

Wjy `w wjy `ri mirqjy * `m|gjy-Ø

Tl`x hji xl`x iie egci ifjxgjmèew:Ø

Ljt hji gx f`ci wjyr ojhw iie:Ø

Ljt ejmd l` xlg oiim djgmd jm:Ø

,G xlg g yhhim jr iqiri% riir xli begimx xj ` lièxl tjrcir-'

Tl`x g b`ygmd wjyr mirqjy iiegmd:Ø

@ri wjy b`rih j birx`gm gxy`xgjm jr xlgmd:Ø

Hj wjy qjgh xlii gxy`xgjm jr xlgmd% jr imhyri xlif:Ø

,Gmhgb`xi wf~xjf j ~ljog`- G iqghimx riir xj lièxl tjrcir-'

Hj wjy tjrrw ` ejx:Ø

Hj wjy iie wjyr tjrrgi `ri ymri`jmòei:Ø

B`m wjy bjmxrje xli tjrrgi:Ø

Tlim wjy `ri tjrrgih% hj wjy i|~irgimbi `mw j xlii;Ø

rixeimiu

hgbyexw bjmbimxr`xgmd jr yhhimew “djgmd oe`mc‗u

iiegmd grrgxòei jr ximiu

l`qgmd hgbyexw eii~gmdu

oibjfgmd xgrih i`gew-u

Hj xlii iiegmd f`ci jfi ~`rx j wjyr egi qirw hgbyex:Ø

,Rwf~xjf j dimirègih `m|gixw hgjrhir- _iir xj lièxl tjrcir-'




== ?4<

Wjy bjyeh impygri òjyx xli wf~xjf j ~jgoei ~`mgb hgjrhir ow `cgmd xli je&

ejtgmd pyixgjm;

@ri xliri xgfi tlim jfi j xli jeejtgmd l`~~im:

Wjyr li`rx ~jymh-Ø

Wjy ti`x% xrifoei% jr l`ci-Ø

Wjy iie wjy b`m‗x ori`xli ~rj~irew-Ø

Wjy iie ` g wjy `ri bljcgmd-Ø

Wjyr blix lyrx jr g ymbjfjrxòei-Ø

Wjy iie gbc xj wjyr xjf`bl-Ø

Wjy iie hg{{w% egdlx&li`hih% jr ` g wjy `ri djgmd xj `gmx-Ø

Wjy iie ` g xli gxy`xgjm g ymriè% jr xl`x wjy `ri jyxghi wjyrie% hix`blihØ

jfiljt-

Wjy `ri `r`gh j ejgmd bjmxrje jr djgmd br`{w-Ø

Wjy iie ` g wjy `ri hwgmd-Ø

Wjyr ojhw iie myfo gm ~e`bi% jr xliri g ` xgmdegmd iiegmd-Ø

Wjy lgqir jr yhhimew iie ljx-Ø

,Gmhgb`xi wf~xjf j ~`mgb hgjrhir- _iir xj lièxl tjrcir'

Riqiri `m|gixw% tlgbl l`f~ir `m gmhgqghyè‗ dimirè egi ymbxgjmgmd% b`m `mh ljyeh

oi xri`xih tgxl fihgb`xgjm mh*jr tgxl ~wbljxlir`~w-



?47 55


Hi~rigjm

@ hi~rigqi hgjrhir g `m geemi xl`x gmqjeqi ~lwgbè ri`bxgjm% fjjh `mh xljydlx- Gx

gmyimbi ~irjm‗ i`xgmd mh eii~gmd lògx% xli t`w jmi iie ojyx jmiie mh xli t`w

jmi xlgmc ojyx xlgmd- @ hi~rigqi hgjrhir g mjx xli `fi ~`gmd oeyi fjjh- Gx g mjx

` gdm j ~irjmè ti`cmi jr ` bjmhgxgjm xl`x b`m oi tgeeih jr tglih `t`w- Tgxljyx xri`x&

fimx% wf~xjf b`m e`x jr tiic% fjmxl% jr wi`r- @~~rj~rg`xi xri`xfimx b`m lie~ fjx

~ij~ei tlj yir rjf hi~rigjm-

_jei ja xli bjymieejr

Gx g mjx y~ xj bjymieejr xj hg`dmji jr xri`x hi~rigjm% oyx xj r`xlir ribjdmgi xli gdm- G

xli begimx l` jfi j xli wf~xjf hibrgoih jm xli egx ojqi% xli bjymieejr ljyeh riir

xli ~irjm xj ` hjbxjr jr fimxè lièxl ~rjigjmè-

G xli hi~rigjm jr iiegmd j `hmi `ri mjx b`ygmd f`kjr hwymbxgjm gm q`rgjy wxif

j xli gmhgqghyè‗ egi tjreh% bjymieegmd f`w oi oimibgè oib`yi gx l` lie~ih xli begimx

xj xiee xligr xjrw xj `m ymgmqjeqih egximir% xligr iiegmd l`qi oiim ribjdmgih `mh xliw l`qi

oiim lie~ih xj i|~ejri t`w xj hiè tgxl xligr ~rjoeif-




== ?<>

@bxgqgxw 2-2>

Fw ifjxgjmè oyxxjm

Ryddixih fixljh;

I|~e`gm xl`x bjffjm xlifi gm xli Rjyxl @rgb`m bjymieegmd bjmxi|x `ri; LGQ* 0-

@GHR3 xr`yf`3 i| mh i|yègxw3 oiri`qifimx3 ~grgxyègxw mh riegdgjm-

I|~ejri ljt ~`rxgbg~`mx iie tjrcgmd tgxl begimx hiègmd tgxl xli òjqi ~rjo&?-

eif-

Gm drjy~ j xlrii% `c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj i|~ejri “begimx tlj tjyeh ~yl fw oyx&2-

xjm‗ jr “fw rih&`d xj~gb‗-

Gm xli e`rdi drjy~% hgby iiho`bc `mh rifgmh ~`rxgbg~`mx j xli gf~jrx`mbi8-

j y~irqggjm mh ~jgoew riirrè gm ybl bgrbyfx`mbi-

Rie&`t`rimi mh

drjy~ hgbygjm

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi t`rimi j

xligr ~irjmè egfgxgm bjymieegmd-

89 fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi




?<0 55


@bxgqgxw 2-20

I|~e`gm blèeimdi

Blèeimdi H`w 7

Ljfitjrc mh drjy~

hgbygjm

^`rxgbg~`mx riibxu

jm xligr i|~irgimbi

j xli gfye`xih

bjymieegmd igjm

ow fi`m j ` ei`rm&

gmd ejd-

^`rxgbg~`mx riu

`t`ri j bjffymgxw

y~~jrx rijyrbi-

9 fgmyxi

Ei`rmgmd ejd

Agee jyx xli ei`rmgmd ejd oìh jm wjyr i|~irgimbi gm xli gfye`xih bjymieegmd

igjm

Ajrfye`xi ` egx j ejbè y~~jrx rijyrbi `mh riirrè jrd`mg`xgjm% tgxl bjm&

x`bx hix`ge mh orgmd xjfjrrjt-

Ryddixih fixljh;

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj riibx jm xligr i|~irgimbi j xli gfye`xih bjymieegmd i&0-

gjm xjh`w-

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj yi xli ei`rmgmd ejd ~rjqghih gm xligr bjyri f`myè-?-

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj èj jrfye`xi ` egx j ejbè y~~jrx rijyrbi `mh riirrè2-

jrd`mg`xgjm% `mh xj orgmd gx xjfjrrjt-

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi





== ?<?

Ei`rmgmd ejd

@mtir xli jeejtgmd pyixgjm oìh jm xli gfye`xih bjymieegmd igjm wjy hgh xjh`w-

Joirqi wjyr iiegmd `mh xljydlx- @c wjyrie xli jeejtgmd pyixgjm ` wjy bjf~eixi

xli ejd-

Ei`rmgmd ~jgmx;

Tl`x hgh wjy ei`rm:Ø

Tlw g gx gf~jrx`mx:Ø



?<2 55


Ljt tgee xlg oi yiye gm xli yxyri:Ø





== ?<8

@bxgqgxw 2-2?

Blibc jyx

Ryddixih fixljh;


i|~irgimbi-




Orgiw riibx * yff`rgi gfge`r gmhgqghyè i|~irgimbi gmxj drjy~ i|~irgimbi8-




i|~irgimbi

@ bjffjm drjymhu

g bri`xih fjmdx

~`rxgbg~`mx-

^`rxgbg~`mx l`qi ù

~`bi xj riibx jm

gdmgb`mx `bxjr

jyxghi xli drjy~

xl`x bjyeh gmyimbi

xli drjy~ ~rjbi-

^`rxgbg~`mx l`qi ù

~`bi xj riibx jm


`mh bjyri&rie`xih

i|~irgimbi-

?9 fgmyxi

Mjmi

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi




?<9 55


H`w xim; Imhgmd

@bxgqgxw 2-22


Ryddixih fixljh;





Gmqgxi ~`rxgbg~`mx xj l`ri xligr xljydlx òjyx xli blèeimdi ‒ cmjteihdi2-

òjyx rijyrbi ‒ mh hgby xligr mtir-


g ~~rj~rg`xi-



i|~irgimbi-

^`rxgbg~`mx l`qi ù

~`bi xj riibx jm

xli ~riqgjy iqimgmd

`mh xligr xljydlx

òjyx xli ~riqgjy

h`w `xir jfi xgfi

l` ~ìh-

^`rxgbg~`mx hif&u

jmxr`xi xligr dr`~

j xli blèeimdi jm

rijyrbi-

2> fgmyxi

Blèeimdi

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi





== ?<1

@bxgqgxw 2-28

Bjymieegmd ~jxir

Ryddixih fixljh;

Orgmd jeh f`d`{gmi% br`wjm jr bjejyrih ~im% xrgmd `mh jxlir f`xirgè xl`x0-

bjyeh oi yih gm `m `rxgxgb t`w-

Hgqghi ~`rxgbg~`mx gmxj fèe drjy~ `mh dgqi i`bl drjy~ ` ~gibi j g~bl`rx?-

~`~ir-

@c drjy~ xj f`ci ~jxir hi~gbxgmd ee xliw l`qi ei`rmih ojyx bjymieegmd gm2-

xlg tjrclj~% ygmd ~gbxyri% tjrh% f`d`{gmi ~gbxyri% ixb-

Imbjyr`di xlif xj gmbjr~jr`xi xli bjymieegmd fjhie% ` tiee ` cgee% ixlgb8-

`mh qèyi gm xligr ~jxir-

@eejt 2> fgmyxi jr ~jxir bjf~eixgjm-9-

Gm ` e`rdi drjy~% l`qi i`bl drjy~ ~riimx `mh xlim orgiw i|~e`gm xligr ~jxir-1-

^yx y~ jm xli tèe jr qgitgmd-

@rxgxgb fèe drjy~ tjrc

`mh hgbygjm

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi ymhirx`mhgmd

j xli òxr`bx `&~ibx j bjymieegmd-

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi tl`x xliw l`qi

ei`rmx gm xlg bjyri-

89 fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx ~`~ir% ~im%

jeh f`d`{gmi% xrgmd

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi




?<4 55


@bxgqgxw 2-29

_iqggjm ja bjymieegmd fjhie `mh `~~rj`bli

Ryddixih fixljh;

^yx y~ ` g~&bl`rx j ` oe`mc Id`m‗ fjhie `mh gmqgxi ~`rxgbg~`mx xj orgiw ee gm0-

`mh i|~e`gm i`bl bjmbi~x j xli fjhie-

Agee gm xli d`~ gm xligr cmjteihdi-?-

Hgby ljt ~`rxgbg~`mx iie òjyx xli fjhie-2-

Eibxyri mh hgbygjm

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi ymhirx`mhgmd

j bjymieegmd fjhie-

A`bgegx`xjr ìiu

~`rxgbg~`mx‗ ymhir&

x`mhgmd-

2> fgmyxi

Id`m‗ fjhie

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi





== ?<<

@ Fjhie ja Bjymieegmd



?<7 55


@bxgqgxw 2-21

X cgmd b`ri ja wjyriea `mh ~riqimxgmd oyrmjyx

Oyrmjyx; ^lwgbè `mh * jr ifjxgjmè i|l`yxgjm `xir ejmd&xirf jr gmximi

xri-

Rfèe&drjy~ hgbygjm

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi ymhirx`mhgmd

j xli gf~jrx`mbi j

ie&b`ri `mh xli ~ri&qimxgjm j oyrmjyx-

89 fgmyxi

Rie&b`ri tjrcliix% g~&

bl`rx

Ryddixih fixljh;

Gm fèe drjy~% `c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj or`gmxjrf èe xli xrijr xliw fgdlx im&0-

bjymxir bjymieejr mh xr`xidgi xj hhri xlii xrijr-

Gm xli e`rdi drjy~% x`ci iiho`bc `mh trgxi xlii jyx jm xli g~bl`rx oj`rh-?-

Orgiw hgby oyrmjyx mh riir ~`rxgbg~`mx xj xli2- Oyrmjyx pyixgjmm`gri gm xligr

f`myè jr yrxlir gmjrf`xgjm-

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi

A`bgegx`xjr‗

f`xirgè




== ?7>

Oyrmjyx pyixgjmm`gri

Xli fjri “wi‗ mtir wjy dgqi xj xli jeejtgmd pyixgjm% xli fjri egciew wjy `ri xj i|~irg&

imbi oyrmjyx- @ bjri jqir 0> ~yx wjy gm ` lgdl&rgc drjy~-

Wi Mj

G `f gf~`xgimx jr grrgxòei tgxl jxlir-0-

E`xiew% G jby fjri jm x`c xl`m jm ~ij~ei-?-

G tjrrw ` ejx% `mh mh gx hgbyex xj eix dj j iqim fgmjr xlgmd-2-

G `f qirw ~irjrf`mbi&hrgqim-8-

G f bjf~ixgxgqi mh ddrigqi gm fw bxgjm-9-

Gx‗ hgbyex jr fi xj `bbi~x jr `c lie~ rjf jxlir-1-

G ~riir xj tjrc èjmi-4-

G l`qi hgbyexw hieid`xgmd x`c-<-

G iie G miqir l`qi imjydl xgfi-7-

G mh gx hgbyex xj rie`xi xj ~ij~ei-0>-

G qjgh hgbygmd ~rjoeif tgxl jxlir-00-G dgqi fjri xl`m G x`ci-0?-

Fw02- ~rjigjmè ghimxgxw g i|xrifiew gf~jrx`mx xj fi-

G mh gx hgbyex xj `w mj% `mh xly jxim iie jqirtjrcih-08-

G l`rhew iqir dix bjmxrybxgqi iiho`bc 09- jyxghi fw tjrc imqgrjmfimx-

G iie G‗f mjx ri`blgmd fw ~jximxgè-01-

G l`qi hgbyexw xryxgmd jxlir tgxl fw iiegmd-04-

G jxim l`qi xrjyoei tgxl bj&tjrcir * begimx * `fgew fifoir-0<-

Jxlir xlgmc G fjci `mh*jr hrgmc i|bigqiew-07-

G jxim i`x qirw `x-?>-

G l`qi `bli `mh ~`gm `mh ribyrrimx li`h`bli-?0-

G l`qi ximi fybei-??-

G jxim l`qi ` hrw fjyxl `mh*jr ti`xw ~èf-?2-

G l`qi ejx gmxirix gm i|-?8-

G l`qi eii~gmd ~rjoeif-?9-

,@h`~xih rjf Hymo`r&Crgdi Argx{% ?>>1'



?70 55


Riea&b`ri

Jmi j xli fjx iibxgqi t`w xj fgmgfgi xri g xj x`ci b`ri j wjyrie-

Xgbc xli jeejtgmd x`xifimx g xliw ri~riimx wjyr egixwei-

G i`x `x ei`x jmi oè`mbih fiè ` h`w-

G dix iqim xj igdlx ljyr j eii~ `x ei`x jyr mgdlx ` tiic-

G dgqi `mh ribigqi ìbxgjm ridye`rew-

G l`qi `x ei`x jmi rie`xgqi beji ow jm tljf G b`m riew-

G i|irbgi `x ei`x xtgbi ` tiic-

G hj mjx fjci-

G hrgmc itir xl`m qi èbjljegb hrgmc ` tiic-

G f xli `~~rj~rg`xi tigdlx jr fw ligdlx-

G l`qi `m gmbjfi `hipy`xi xj fiix o`gb i|~imi-

G dix xrimdxl rjf fw oiegi `mh qèyi-

G ridye`rew xximh beyo jr jbgè bxgqgxgi-

G l`qi ` mixtjrc j rgimh `mh `bpy`gmx`mbi-

G l`qi jmi jr fjri rgimh xj bjmhi gm òjyx ~irjmè f`xxir-

G `f òei xj ~i`c j~imew òjyx fw iiegmd tlim `mdrw jr tjrrgih-

G hj jfixlgmd jr ym `x ei`x jmbi ` tiic-

G `f òei xj jrd`mgi fw xgfi iibxgqiew-

G `f òei xj `w MJ tlim fw blihyei g yee-

G hrgmc itir xl`m xlrii by~ j bjii% xi`% jr jx hrgmc ~ir h`w-

G x`ci pygix xgfi jr fwie hyrgmd xli h`w-

Ljt f`mw xgbc hj wjy l`qi:

Wjy ljyeh l`qi fjri xl`m 9>) j xli oj|i blibcih tlim wjy l`qi bjf~eixih xli jrf-

Jxlirtgi% wjyr egixwei g mjx yeew ipyg~~gmd wjy xj iibxgqiew hiè tgxl xri j oigmd `

bjymieejr- B`m bl`mdi oi f`hi xj gf~rjqi wjyr egixwei:

_ixrgiqih rjf lxx~;**ttt-egiegmi?>>>-jrd*irqgbi




== ?7?

@bxgqgxw 2-24

Rxri f`m`difimx

Rxri; ~riyri jr ximgjm i|irxih jm wxif-

Rxri ri`bxgjm; ri~jmi xj ` xrijr-

Ryddixih fixljh;

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj bjf~eixi xli0- Bj~gmd ri~jmi xj xri `bxgqgxw gm xligr bjyri

f`myè-

Tlim mglih imbjyr`di iiho`bc jm ljt gmhgqghyè hgir gm xligr ri~jmi xj?-

xri- ,Mjxi; _igxir`xi xl`x xliri g mj rgdlx jr trjmd t`w xj hiè tgxl xri% jmew

iibxgqi jr bjmxrybxgqi t`w% `mh gmiibxgqi jr hixrybxgqi t`w% i-d- hrgmcgmd

èbjlje g gmiibxgqi mh hixrybxgqi-'

Dgqi gm~yx jm wf~xjf j jqir&xri jm xli g~&bl`rx-2-

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj trgxi hjtm t`w gm tlgbl8- xliw bjmxrybxgqiew hi&xri% `mh

imbjyr`di iiho`bc gm xli e`rdi drjy~-

Gmhgqghyè `bxgqgxw `mh

hgh`bxgb gm~yx

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi t`rimi j

xli `bx xl`x gmhgqghy&è bj~i tgxl xri

hgirimxew-


xri f`m`difimx

xr`xidgi-

2> fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi




?72 55


Bj~gmd ri~jmi xj xri

X ci ` it fgmyxi xj xlgmc ojyx xli fjx xriye iqimx xl`x l` l`~~imih xj wjy hyrgmd xli

~`x fjmxl- Tgxl xlg iqimx gm fgmh% blibc ljt jxim wjy hgh i`bl j xli jeejtgmd xlgmd-

Xrgih xj ii xli ~jgxgqi ghi0-

Xjjc xlgmd jmi xi~ `x ` xgfi?-

Rxi~~ih o`bc xj ii xlgmd hgirimxew2-

Xjjc jfi ~jgxgqi `bxgjm8-

I|irbgih fjri9-

Xècih tgxl rgimh1-

Ci~x fw iiegmd xj fwie 4-

@xi fjri% fjcih bgd`rixxi% yih èbjlje<-

_iyih xj `bcmjteihdi xli ~rjoeif7-

0% ?% 2 ‒ Wjy xlgmc gx xlrjydl 8% 9% 1 ‒ Wjy x`ci `bxgjm 4% <% 7 ‒ Wjy `qjgh gx

Tl`x lie~ wjy xj hi&xri:

Miqir Rjfixgfi Jxim




== ?78

Xg~ ajr rihybgmd xri

Iqirwjmi l` hgirimx xrijr gm xligr egqi `mh iqirwjmi mh hgirimx fixljh iibxgqi gm

hiègmd tgxl xrijr- Liri ri jfi ghi` jr bjymieejr mh begimx;

X ec òjyx wjyr xrijr xj ` beji rgimh jr `fgew fifoir xl`x f w lie~ wjyØ

dix ` mit ~ir~ibxgqi jm ~rjoeif-

Kjgm ` y~~jrx drjy~-Ø

Egxim xj fygb-Ø

Cii~ ` kjyrmè-Ø

Dix ridye`r i|irbgi-Ø

^r`bxgbi ìrxgqi bjffymgb`xgjm ,ei`rm ljt xj `w mj'-Ø

Xrw dix òjyx g| xj mgmi ljyr j eii~ `x ridye`r xgfi-Ø

Xrw rie`|`xgjm xiblmgpyi ybl ` fihgx`xgjm `mh ori`xlgmd-Ø

T`xbl wjyr hgix; i`x ori`c`x% byx o`bc jm bìgmi% rihybi yd`r gmx`ci% `mhØ

xgbc xj ` ridye`r fiè ~e`m

Ejjc ~jgxgqiew x bl`mdi% gmxi`h j i`rgmd gx-Ø

@bcmjteihdi tlim ym~ei``mx gxy`xgjm ri oiwjmh wjyr bjmxrje-Ø

Pyixgjm mh riqgi gm`bbyr`xi jr grr`xgjmè ~irbi~xgjm-Ø

_ifgmh wjyrie j wjyr bbjf~eglfimxØ

Ejjc o`bc jm ` brgg ` ` ei`rmgmd j~~jrxymgxw-Ø

G gx g bjmxrybxgqi% cii~ hjgmd tl`x tjrc jr WJY!Ø

G xri x`rx mid`xgqiew ìbxgmd fjx `~ibx j ` ~irjm‗ egi% xlim xliw ljyeh ii ` ~w&

bljejdgx jr xlir`~w ` jjm ` ~jgoei-



?79 55


@bxgqgxw 2-2<

Ry~irqggjm `mh fimxjrgmd

Fimxjrgmd g mjx xlir`~w% oyx gf xj imbjyr`di ie&`t`rimi gm xli bjymieejr-

Ryddixih fixljh;

I|~e`gm xli ~rgmbg~ei j y~irqggjm `mh fimxjrgmd-0-

Lgdlegdlx xl`x fimxjrgmd g gmxidrè gm ~rjqghgmd jmdjgmd?- xr`gmgmd% ihyb`xgjm `mh

ifjxgjmè y~~jrx-

Hgxgmdygl oixtiim drjy~% gmhgqghyè `mh ~iir fimxjrgmd `mh xli oimix j 2-

i`bl xw~i-

_igxir`xi xli gf~jrx`mbi j ribjrh cii~gmd% ojxl jr bbjymxògegxw mh ` t`w8-

xj hiorgi-

Hgby bjmhimxgègxw j ribjrh mh t`w xj f`gmx`gm xlg-9-

Hgby xli bjymieejr‗ bì ~riimx`xgjm jrf`x gm jfi hix`ge-1-

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj hgby ljt xliw tgee mh fimxjrgmd gm xligr jrd`mg`xgjm-4-

Hgh`bxgb gm~yx `mh or`gm&

xjrf


j xli hgirimbi

oixtiim y~irqggjm`mh fimxjrgmd-

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi ymhirx`mhgmd

j hgirimx `~&

~rj`bli xj fimxjr&

gmd-

1> fgmyxi

Fimxjrgmd mjxi-

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi





== ?71

Rfèe&drjy~ hgbygjm

^`rxgbg~`mx hif&u

jmxr`xi t`rimi

j ljt xligr mitew

ei`rmx cgee b`m oi`~~egih tgxlgm xligr

jrd`mg`xgjm jr yxyri

b`riir-

2> fgmyxi

Aeg~&bl`rx

@bxgqgxw 2-27

Gmxidr`xgmd mit cgee gm xli jrd`mg`xgjm

Ryddixih fixljh;

Gm fèe drjy~% imbjyr`di ~`rxgbg~`mx xj or`gmxjrf ghi` j 0- ljt xliw tgee `~&

~ew `mh gmxidr`xi xli cgee xliw l`qi ei`rmx gm xligr jrd`mg`xgjm * gmhgqghyè b`&

~`bgxw-

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj geeyxr`xi xligr ghi` jm ` ~gibi j g~bl`rx ~`~ir `mh xj ~ri&?-

imx gx xj xli e`rdir drjy~-

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi




?74 55


Xi`f oygehgmd gm xli

drjy~

^`rxgbg~`mx hifjm&u

xr`xi ymhirx`mhgmd

j dgqgmd `mh ribigq&gmd ~jgxgqi iiho`bc

`mh gx qèyi gm `

bjymieegmd bjmxi|x-

1> fgmyxi

@8 egmih ~`~ir jr i`bl

~`rxgbg~`mx

@bxgqgxw 2-8>

^jgxgqi aiiho`bc a`m

Ryddixih fixljh;

L`mh jyx ` ~gibi j egmih @8 ~`~ir xj i`bl ~`rxgbg~`mx ,`mh x`ci jmi jr wjyr&0-

ie'-

@c i`bl ~`rxgbg~`mx xj trgxi xligr m`fi jm xli ojxxjf j xli ~`~ir-?-

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj ~` xli ~`di xj xli ~irjm jm xligr rgdlx-2-

I`bl ~`rxgbg~`mx trgxi ` ~jgxgqi bjffimx òjyx xli ~irjm jm xli xj~ j xli8-

~`di% jeh gx jqir `mh ~ì gx jm-

@x xli imh% xli ~`di ljyeh riifoei ` `m-9-

Imbjyr`di ~`rxgbg~`mx xj ri`h jmi j xligr ~jgxgqi bjffimx `mh `c ljt xli1-

`bxgqgxw iex jr xlif-

Egmc gx xj dgqgmd begimx ~jgxgqi iiho`bc gm bjymieegmd-4-

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi





== ?7<

Trgxxim bjf~eixgjm j

^jx&fjhyei pyixgjm&

m`gri ‒ 2

Ei`rmir hifjm&u

xr`xi tl`x ei`rmgmdl` x`cim ~e`bi-

A`bgegx`xjr d`gm gm&u

gdlx gmxj ljt fybl

ei`rmgmd l` x`cim

~e`bi-

2> fgmyxi

Bj~gi j ^jx&fjhyei

pyixgjmm`gri 2

@bxgqgxw 2-80

^jx&fjhyei pyixgjmm`gri ‒ 2

Ryddixih fixljh;

L`mh jyx jx&fjhyei pyixgjmm`gri 2 xj i`bl ~`rxgbg~`mx-0-

@c ~`rxgbg~`mx xj `mtir xli fyexg~ei&bljgbi pyixgjmm`gri oìh jm xligr?-

ei`rmgmd xlrjydl xlg fjhyei-

^`rxgbg~`mx ljyeh mjx riir xj xligr f`myè xj `mtir pyixgjm jr hgby2-

xlif tgxl jxlir ~`rxgbg~`mx-


@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi




?77 55


^ri * ~jx&fjhyei pyixgjmm`gri ‒ 2


@hq`mbih if~`xlw g i|lgogxih tlim;0-

@ bjymieejr l`ri lg jr lir jtm i|~irgimbi tgxl ` begimx`-

@ bjymieejr b`m dyi tl`x xli begimx g iiegmd tgxljyx li`rgmd xli beg&o-

imx‗ xjrw

Xli bjymieejr egmc iiegmd `mh bjmximx xj dj oiwjmh yr`bi eiqie ri&b-

ibxgjm j iiegmd

Mjmi j xli òjqi-h-

?- Bjyeh bjymieejr tlj gm‗x xr`gmih gm xr`yf` bjymieegmd ii begimx gm brgg:

Mj`-

Wi-o-

Xli jeejtgmd pyixgjm `ri gf~jrx`mx xj `c gm ìgmd ygbghi rgc;2-

Hj wjy l`qi ` ~e`m j ljt xj bjffgx ygbghi:`-

L`qi wjy xljydlx òjyx tlim% tliri `mh ljt wjy tgee hj gx:o-

,`' `mh ,o'b-

Mjmi- @ bjymieejr ljyehm‗x dgqi xli begimx ghi` ow `cgmd pyixgjm-h-

8- Xli f`gm djè j brgg f`m`difimx gm bjymieegmd g xj;

Dgqi xli begimx rijyrbi jm ljt xj f`m`di xligr brgg`-

@c jeyxgjm&jbyih pyixgjm xj dyghi xli begimx jyx j xligr brggo-

Egxim xj xli begimx xiee lg yee xjrwb-

@ee j xli òjqi-h-

Riqiri `m|gixw% tlgbl% ìbx `m gmhgqghyè‗ egi ymbxgjmgmd b`m `mh ljyeh oi9-

xri`xih tgxl ~wbljxlir`~w mh*jr `~~rj~rg`xi fihgb`xgjm-

Xryi`-

Aèi-o-




== 2>>


E`bc j imirdw `mh fjxgq`xgjm xj hj mjrfè egi `bxgqgxgi`-


T`mxgmd xj xèc xj jfijmi ojyx ~rjoeifb-

,`' `mh ,o'-h-




I|irbggmdb-

@ee j xli òjqi-h-

<- Xli hgirimx bj~gmd ri~jmi xj xri `ri dimirèew;


Hgirimx fjmdx ~ij~eio-


Mjmi j xli òjqi-h-

7- Fimxjrgmd g;

Xli `fi ` ~wbljxlir`~w`-


Oigmd y~irqgihb-

@ee j xli òjqi-h-

0>- Fimxjrgmd gmqjeqi;


`@ drjy~ j bjymieejr xècgmd tgxl i`bl jxliro-

@ drjy~ j bjymieejr fiixgmd xjdixlir ymhir xli dygh`mbi j ` fim&b-

xjr

@ee j xli òjqi-h-



2>0 55


00- Hibrgoi 2 ~irjmègxw xr`gx j ` djjh bjymieejr;

0?- Hibrgoi 2 ~rgmbg~ei j bjymieegmd

02- Hibrgoi xli x`di `mh cgee j xli fjhie j bjymieegmd% gmbeyhgmd xli rjei j xli

begimx `mh bjymieejr `x i`bl x`di- Yi xli `xx`blih hr`tgmd j xli ljyi-





== 2>?

08- Hibrgoi 2 ciw ieifimx j xli ghiè ~lwgbè ixxgmd jr bjymieegmd-

09- Tlim g gx hqgòei xj riir begimx:



2>2 55


@bxgqgxw 2-8?

Blibc jyx% iqèy`xgjm `mh blèeimdi

Blèeimdi H`w 0>

Ayrxlir wjyr bjymieegmd cmjteihdi ow ri`hgmd ojjc mh rxgbei-

Trgxxim i|irbgi mh

drjy~ hgbygjm

A`bgegx`xjr ymhir&u

x`mh ljt ~`rxgbg&

~`mx iie òjyx xlibjyri * fjhyei-

^`rxgbg~`mx l`qi `mu

j~~jrxymgxw xj dgqi

iiho`bc-

^`rxgbg~`mx ymhir&u

x`mh xli oimix j

bjmxgmyih bjymie&

egmd xr`gmgmd `mh

ri`hgmd-

2> fgmyxi

Ryddixih fixljh;

Gyi ~`rxgbg~`mx iiho`bc jrf `mh gmqgxi ~`rxgbg~`mx xj bjf~eixi gx- Bjeeibx0-

`mh `hh xj ~`rxgbg~`mx‗ ~jrxjegj-

X`ci orgi bjmbeyhgmd qiroè bjffimx rjf xli drjy~% xl`mc xlif jr xligr?-

~`rxgbg~`xgjm `mh tgl xlif tiee jr xli yxyri-

Imbjyr`di ~`rxgbg~`mx xj yrxlir xligr bjymieegmd cmjteihdi ow ri`hgmd ojjc2-

`mh `rxgbei% `mh `xximhgmd yrxlir bjyri jm ~ibgb bjymieegmd cgee-

Rl`ri bjymieegmd ojjc riirimbi% egxih oiejt-8-

@bx gq g xw

Jyxbjfi

X gfi




== 2>8

^`rxgbg~`mx aiiho`bc ajrf

M`fi; H`xi;

Tl`x ~ibx j xli bjyri l`qi wjy jymh lie~ye:

Tl`x ~ibx j xli bjyri l`qi wjy jymh ymlie~ye:

Ljt tjyeh wjy egci xj hiqiej~ yrxlir ` bjymieejr:

Ljt tjyeh wjy r`xi xli `bgegx`xjr:

Ljt hj wjy iie ojyx xli xr`gmgmd fixljh mh i|irbgi yih:

Ljt hj wjy iie ojyx xli jrd`mg`xgjm j xli bjyri:

@mw jxlir bjffimx:



2>9 55

_ i i r i m b i ` m h r i j y r b i D

Rblñm% K-% Djtir% E- Cjx{i% Q- ,?>>9'0- Ieifimx j Bjymieegmd- Tixljqim; _JBR-

Id`m% D- ,?>>?'?- Xli Rcgeeih Lie~ir- ^`bgb Drjqi% B@; Orjjc*Bjei-

_jdir% B-_- ,0790'2- Begimx&bimxrih Xlir`~w- Ojxjm% Ljydlxjm% Fgagm-

Cõoeir&_j- I- ,0717'8- Jm Hi`xl `mh Hwgmd- Mit Wjrc; F`bfgee`m-

L`fgexjm% _- Hgm`x% M- ,?>>1'9- Kyx`‗ Bjymieegmd L`mhojjc jr Lièxlb`ri ^rjigjmè-

^``re; Kyx`

Xje`m% K- ,?>>1'1- Rcgee gm îrjm&bimxrih Bjymieegmd `mh ^wbljxlir`~w- Ejmhjm; R`di ^yoeg&

b`xgjm-

Egmhjm% K- Egmhjm% E- ,?>>>'4- F`xirgmd bjymieegmd cgee- Ejmhjm; F`bfgee`m-

Iq`m% D- ,?>>4'<- Bjymieegmd cgee jr hyffgi- Blgblixir; Kjlm Tgeiw Rjm-

Ii% A- Ejti% _- ,?>>9'7- Rjeyxgjm Oygehgmd @~~rj`bl xj Xiei~ljmi Bjymieegmd; Gf~egb`xgjm mh Gmxidr`xgjm ,rixrgiqih qg` xli gmxirmix rjf xli Pyiime`mh Ymgqirgxw j Xiblmjejdw'

Bimxri jr xli Rxyhw j @GHR ,ymh`xih'0>- LGQ*@GHR Bjymieegmd Bjyri; A`bgegx`xjr‗ F`myè-

^rixjrg`; Ymgqirgxw j ^rixjrg`-

Lj~i% @- Xgffie% R- ,0778'00- Xr`gmgmd jr Xr`mjrf`xgjm- Dtiry% [gfoòti; F`foj

^ri-

Q`m Hwc% @- ,?>>9'0?- LGQ*@GHR B`ri `mh Bjymieegmd; @ Fyexghgbg~egm`rw @~~rj`bl- B`~i Xjtm;

î`rjm

_iairimbi ! rijyrbi

^`rx D;




== 2>1



2>4 55

_ i i r i m b i ` m h r i j y r b i D



Documents

Counselling Theory and Practice in South Africa (2011)