Covalent and Ionic Properties

8/2/2019 Covalent and Ionic Properties

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By:

Che syarifuddin

Luqman hakim

Mohd zuhdi

zulfikri


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Is the force of attraction between oppositelycharged ions

Compounds with ionic bonds form crystalswith a regular pattern of positive andnegative ions held together by the electricalforce of attraction

In chemical bonds, atoms can either transferor share their valence electrons. one or more

atoms lose electrons and other atoms gainthe electron.

Example of ionic bonds are those in the alkalihalides such as sodium chloride, NaCl.
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an interaction between adjacent nuclei and

shared electrons

Covalent compounds exist in the form of distinct

particles called molecules

The molecules of covalent compounds are held

together in clusters by weak forces generally

referred to as intermolecular forces

Intermolecular forces are much weaker forces

than the covalent bonds that hold the elements

together within the molecules or ionic bonds

that hold the positive and negative ions together

in crystals


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properties of

ionic andcovalent

compounds


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In order to melt an ionic compound, it is

necessary to break ionic bonds. Therefore,

ionic compounds usually have high melting

points. To melt a covalent compound, it isnt

necessary to break bonds. It is only

necessary to overcome the much weaker

intermolecular forces that hold the particlestogether. So, it has low melting point.


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Most covalent bond are gases or liquid or

solid oflow boiling point at room condition.

This is because the weak intermolecular

force. Ionic bond(compound) are solid at room

temperature. It has high boiling point

because the present of strong ionic bond.


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The particles in a volatile compound must be

held together by weaker forces so that some

can break away and travel through the air to

our noses.


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Ionic compounds tend to be soluble (or

dissolve in) water because water is a polar

compound that can exert enough force to

overcome the ionic bond and cause the ionsto go into solution.

In general covalent compounds are less

soluble in water. The tendency of

compounds to dissociate or ionize in watertells a great deal about the way in which

bonds hold the compound itself together


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Charged particles must be present and free

to move in order for an electric current to

flow. The amount of conduction by the

solution gives an indication of thecompounds ionic character. Indeed,

conduction or non-conduction by the solution

gives an indication of the bond type that

exists in the compound.


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Ionic bond

Covalent bond


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Ionic CompoundsCrystalline solids (made of ions)

High melting and boiling points

Conduct electricity when melted

Many soluble in water but not in nonpolar liquid

Covalent CompoundsGases, liquids, or solids (made of molecules)

Low melting and boiling points Poor electrical conductors in all phases

Many soluble in nonpolar liquids but not in water

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Covalent and Ionic Properties