What causes winds?

Differences in air ____________ More of a difference in pressure = __________________ winds

Air ______________ @ EquatorAir ______________ @ Poles

You know… › Warm air _______________ = _________________ dense› Cool air _________________ = _________________ dense

Now understand…› Warm air = less dense = ______________ pressure› Cool air = more dense = ______________ pressure

Global Winds

Created by __________________ heating of ____________________ surface.

The movement of air between the ________________ and the ___________ produces global winds.

Coriolis effect produces patterns of air circulation called _________________ ____________.

Global Wind Belts

Major global wind systems:

_________________ easterlies, westerlies, and _______________ winds.

Doldrums

Where the _________________ winds meet around the _________________ Very little wind because the warm air rising = low pressure

Horse Latitudes

High pressure areas… 300N and 300S Very weak winds

o Name: _____________________~ Spanish ships were too heavy to move, therefore, they had to get rid of something...

o What do you think it was?o The _____________________!

Jet Streams

Bands of __________________ speed winds Upper ___________________ and lower ________________________

Blow from west to east at speeds of _________________________ km/hr. Help airplanes save fuel and time when traveling ____________________.

Local Winds

Have you ever flown a kite at the beach on a hot summer day? Even if there is no wind inland, there may be a cool breeze blowing in from the water toward the beach. This breeze is

an example of local winds! Local winds are winds that blow over _________________ distances. They are caused by _____________ heating of Earth’s surface within a __________ area. Types:

› ___________ breezes and ______________breezes› ______________________ breeze and ____________________ breeze

Sea Breeze (____________________________)

Land heats up faster than _______________. Hot air over land _____________ (Low Pressure), cool air over water falls (High Pressure). _____________ move from the water (High Pressure) to the land (Low Pressure).

Land Breeze (____________________________)

____________ cools off faster than water. _____________ air over land falls (High Pressure), warm air over water ______________ (Low Pressure). Winds move from the land (High Pressure) to the water (Low Pressure).

Valley Breeze (______________________________).

During the ________________the sun warms the air slopes, creating a valley breeze… at nightfall, the air along the _________________ slopes cools…

Mountain Breeze (___________________________)

This cool air moves down the slopes into the ________________, producing a mountain breeze!

Measuring Wind

Winds are described by their ______________ and __________________. Wind direction is determined with a wind _______________ – points in the direction the

wind is moving! Wind speed is measured with an _________________________. The increased cooling that a wind can cause is called the _________ __________ factor.