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Creating a heterozygous male
Hermaphrodite Parent genotype
Male Parent genotype X
Male gametesFemale gametes
Progeny genotype
Which progeny are you continuing with? Why?
Progeny phenotypesand ratios
Hermaphrodite Parent genotype
Male Parent genotype X
Male gametesFemale gametes
F1 Progeny genotype and ratios
F1 Progeny phenotypes
Linkage 1: Cross with Unlinked unc
+/+ ; unc/unc
Linkage 2: Selfing of hermaphrodite from unlinked cross
hermaphrodite
X self cross
gametes
Progeny genotype
Progeny phenotypes and ratios
Hermaphrodite Parent genotype
Male Parent genotype X
Male gametesFemale gametes
Progeny genotype
Progeny phenotypesand ratios
Linkage 1: Crossing with Linked unc
Which progeny are you continuing with? Why?
+ unc/ + unc
Linkage 2: Selfing of hermaphrodite from linked cross
hermaphrodite
X self cross
gametes
Progeny genotype
Progeny phenotypes and ratios
Mapping 1: Making the double mutant
hermaphrodite
X self cross
gametes
Progeny genotype
Progeny phenotypes and ratios
What if the genotype of the parent was + unc/+ unc?
Mapping 2: Making heterozygotes for mapping
Hermaphrodite Parent genotype
Male Parent genotype X
Male gametesFemale gametes
Progeny genotype
Progeny phenotypesand ratios
Why might you see Dpy Unc progeny?
Mapping 3: Test Cross
Hermaphrodite Parent genotype
Male Parent genotype X
Male gametesFemale gametes
Progeny genotype
Progeny phenotypesand ratios
ParentalRecombinant
Symbols to Know for Crosses
• a//a – a is the allele and // represents the chromatids – there are two for a diploid organism – sometimes written as /
• a b//a b – two different genes on the same chromosome
• a//a ; b//b – two different genes on different chromosomes
• X – symbolizes mating between two different individuals
• X - symbolizes a self cross – when the hermaphrodite worms fertilize their own eggs