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http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/. Medical Bioinformatics. Prof:Rui Alves [email protected] 973702406 Dept Ciencies Mediques Basiques, 1st Floor, Room 1.08 Website of the Course:http://web.udl.es/usuaris/pg193845/Courses/Bioinformatics_2007/ - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/
Medical Bioinformatics
Prof:Rui [email protected]
973702406Dept Ciencies Mediques Basiques,
1st Floor, Room 1.08Website of the
Course:http://web.udl.es/usuaris/pg193845/Courses/Bioinformatics_2007/ Course: http://10.100.14.36/Student_Server/
What is Medical Informatics?
What is Medical Bioinformatics? Medical informatics has to do with all
aspects of understanding and promoting the effective organization, analysis, management, and use of information in health care. MI emphasizes technology as an integral tool to help organize, analyze, manage, and use information.
What is Medical Informatics?
What REALLY is Medical Bioinformatics? The science of managing information for
health care, research, education, and administration by applying, integrating, and evaluating information technology along with its associated policies, procedures, and organizational cultures.
Three Legs of MI
Policy and Procedures
Technology
Culture
Technology Policy Culture
New database paradigmsNew ways of integrating InformationNew tools
How to organize information in DBsHow to integrate it and create tools for better diagnosticsHow and when to use new tools (e.g. Resource allocation)
How to convince MDs to use the technology
MI assisting in Medicine
Different tools and approaches of MI can help in the decision making process. Regulations/Privacy/Security Database/Literature Searching -- EMB Public Health Informatics Outcomes Research Standards Development Decision Support Electronic Medical Record’s Development Telemedicine Simulation
Tools for literature search/public health applications
Tools for literature search/public health applications
Problems
Changing the culture of medical doctors These tools will become more useful as
more people use them and input data Medical doctors are notorious for not
adapting to new tools that do not have an instant and direct effect on their practice and for not sharing information freely
MI assisting in Medicine
Different tools and approaches of MI can help in the decision making process. Regulations/Privacy/Security Database/Literature Searching -- EMB Public Health Informatics Outcomes Research Standards Development Decision Support Electronic Medical Record’s Development Telemedicine Simulation
Decision Making in Medicine
Decision Making obeys a hierarchy of evidence levels. Anecdotal Accounts Expert Opinion Consensus Opinion Retrospective Analysis Prospective Analysis (Open study) Single Blind Double Blind Placebo Controlled
MI assisting in Decision Making
Working in a clinic is very similar to monitoring a continuous process.
Let physicians do what they do best: Pattern recognition Examine & Interact with patients Collect and filter data Apply the art of medicine
Let computers do what they do best: Provide the physician with the right amount of
information they need WHERE and WHEN they need it
Keep track of ALL the details ALL of the time
The Fundamental Principle of Decision Theory
THE BAYES THOREM[New Knowledge] = [Experimentation] x [Old Knowledge]
Application: Making Diagnosis[Old Knowledge] - we know disease D prevalence, p(D)[New Knowledge] - we need to know if the patient has
disease D if he has symptom S, p(D|S)[Experimentation] - Bayes Theorem builds the Likelihood
Function: L(D|S) = p(S|D) / {p(S|D) p(D) + p(S|’D) p(‘D)}
Now this Likelihood Function modifies the Old Knowledge:p(D|S) = L(D|S) p(D)
Medical Decision Support to mention a few
Clinical SystemsFinancialMedical RecordsComprehensive
Diagnostic SystemsQMR, Iliad, DXPlain, etc.
Pharmaceutical Prescriptions
ResearchData Mining
Health System Modeling
Medical Decision SupportClinical Systems
Computerized Medical Record systems :TMR - CMR from Duke Medical Center
Pharmaceutical System for Multiple DrugTherapy in ICU, Pharm-X
Comprehensive system for VCU HealthSystem
Medical Decision SupportDiagnostic Systems
Knowledge Engineering, Expert Systems, AI
observationsknowledge base
decision mechanism diagnoses
explanations
feedback to adjust observations
UCI Arnau-Vilanova uses decision trees to assist in treatment of pacients, as do other units in the hospital.
Medical Decision SupportHealth Systems Modeling - 1
Primary Care Physician Supply - 1
Medical Decision SupportHealth Systems Modeling - 2
Primary Care Physician Supply - 2
Medical Decision SupportHealth Systems Modeling - 3
Primary Care Physician Supply - 3
Handbook of Medical Informatics
http://www.mieur.nl/mihandbook http://www.mihandbook.stanford.edu/
Handbook of Medical Informatics
Unfortunately lacks the details on the Internet
Next: Ester Vilaprinyo
Different tools and approaches or MI can help in the decision making process. Regulations/Privacy/Security Database/Literature Searching -- EMB Public Health Informatics Outcomes Research Standards Development Decision Support Electronic Medical Record’s Development Telemedicine Simulation