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REFERENCE NOTE .

No. 1 /RN/Ref./February /2015

For the use of Members of Parliament Not for Publication

CRIME SCENARIO IN INDIA

.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The reference material is for personal use of the Members in the discharge of their Parliamentary duties, and is not for publication. This

Service is not to be quoted as the source of the information as it is based on the sources indicated at the end/in the text. This Service does

not accept any responsibility for the accuracy or veracity of the information or views contained in the note/collection.

CRIME SCENARIO IN INDIA

INTRODUCTION

India is a Union of States and is governed by a written Constitution which was adopted

by the Constituent Assembly on 26 November 1949 and came into force on 26 January

19501. It consists of 29 States and 7 union Territories2. Due to its colonial heritage, India

follows the Anglo-Saxon common law system. Article 14 of the Constitution provides for

equality before the law. Article 21 guarantees protection of life and personal liberty. Article 20

provides protection against double jeopardy Article 39-A mandates the State to secure equal

justice for all. Article 50 provides for separation of the judiciary from the executive in the public

services of the State3.

‘Police’ and ‘Public Order’ are State subjects under the Seventh Schedule to the

Constitution of India and therefore, the State Governments are primarily responsible for

prevention, detection, registration and investigation of crime and for prosecuting the

criminals4.

CLASSIFICATION OF CRIMES

The Criminal Procedure Code (Cr.P.C.) classifies all the crimes into two categories:

(i) Cognizable - Sec.2(c) Cr.P.C. and (ii) Non-cognizable - Sec.2(l) Cr.P.C.

Cognizable Crimes

A Cognizable offence or case is defined as the one which an officer in-charge of a

police station may investigate without the order of a magistrate and effect arrest without

warrant. The Police have a direct responsibility to take immediate action on the receipt of a

complaint or of credible information in such crimes, visit the scene of the crime, investigate

the facts, apprehend the offender and arraign him before a Court of law having jurisdiction

over the matter. Cognizable crimes are broadly categorised as those falling either under the

‘Indian Penal Code (IPC)’ or under the ‘Special and Local Laws (SLL)’5.

As many as 66,40,378 Cognizable crimes were reported in the country during 2013

comprising 26.5 lakh cases registered under the IPC and 39.9 lakh cases registered under

1 www.gov.in

2 www.knowindia.gov.in

3 Crime in India by Shashi Shekhar Singh, (2006), Vista International Publishing House, Delhi, p.1

4 Lok Sabha Unstarred Question No.3211 dated 11.02.2014

5 India. Ministry of Home Affairs Report, Crime in India, 2013, p.15

2

the SLL. The ratio of IPC to SLL crimes varied from 1:2.2 in 2003 to 1:1.5 in 2013. In terms of

percentage, 60.1 per cent of total cases (IPC + SLL) during 2013 were reported under Special

and Local Laws and rest of the cases (39.9%) under the Indian Penal Code (IPC). Incidents

of Cognizable crimes in the country during the decade from 2003 to 20136 are given

at Annexure -I.

Non-Cognizable Crimes

Non-Cognizable crimes are defined as those which cannot be investigated by police

without the order of a competent magistrate. The Police do not initiate investigation in Non-

Cognizable crimes except with magisterial permission. First Schedule of the Cr.P.C. gives the

classification of the offences of the IPC into Cognizable and Non-Cognizable categories7.

Various crimes that are being registered and investigated by different law enforcement

agencies are broadly grouped under the following categories for statistical information system.

Broad classification of crimes under the Indian Penal Code (IPC)

i) Crimes against body: Murder, Attempt to commit murder, Culpable homicide not

amounting to murder, Kidnapping & Abduction, Hurt, Causing death by negligence;

ii) Crimes against property: Dacoity, Preparation and assembly to commit Dacoity,

Robbery, Burglary and Theft;

iii) Crimes against public order: Riots and Arson;

iv) Economic crimes: Criminal breach of trust, Cheating & Counterfeiting;

v) Crimes against women: Rape, Dowry death, Cruelty by husband or his relatives,

Assault on woman with intent to outrage her modesty, Insult to the modesty of

women and Importation of girls from foreign country;

vi) Crimes against children: Child rape, Kidnapping & Abduction of children, Procuration

of minor girls, Selling and Buying of girls for prostitution, Abetment of suicide,

Exposure & Abandonment, Infanticide and foeticide;

vii) Other IPC crimes8.

The detailed data of Cognizable Crimes (IPC) State-wise and Crime Head-wise is

given at Annexure- II and II-A).

6 Ibid, Ministry of Home Affairs Report, Crime in India, 2013, pp.17 & 23

7 Ibid, p.15

8 Op.cit, Crime in India by Shashi Shekhar Singh, p.6

3

Crimes under the Special and Local Laws (SLL)

i) Arms Act, 1959;

ii) Narcotic Drugs & Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985;

iii) Gambling Act, 1867;

iv) Excise Act, 1944;

v) Prohibition Act;

vi) Explosives & Explosive Substances Act, 1884 & 1908;

vii) Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act, 1956;

viii) Indian Railways Act, 1989;

ix) The Foreigners Act, 1946;

x) Protection of Civil Rights Act, 1955;

xi) Indian Passport Act, 1967;

xii) Essential Commodities Act, 1955;

xiii) Antiquities & Art Treasures Act, 1972;

xiv) Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961;

xv) Prohibition of Child Marriage Act 2006;

xvi) Indecent Representation of Women (Prohibition) Act, 1986;

xvii) Copyright Act, 1957;

xviii) Commission of Sati Prevention Act, 1987;

xix) SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989;

xx) Forest Act, 1927;

xxi) Other crimes (not specified above) under Special and Local Laws including

Cyber Laws under Information Technology Act, 20009.

The detailed data of Cognizable Crimes (SLL) State-wise and Crime Head-wise is

given at Annexure- III and III-A.

CRIME INCIDENCES (IPC + SLL) (Incidences: 66,40,378)

Total incidences of crime gives an absolute picture of the crime situation in the country

or the States/UTs. Comparative figures over a period of time indicate an increase or decrease

of the incidences of crime, requiring appropriate crime control efforts by the State Police.

9 Ibid, Crime in India by Shashi Shekhar Singh, pp.6 & 7

4

The incidents of IPC crimes during 2013 reported a higher growth of 54.3 per cent as

compared to 15.0 per cent population growth during the decade (2003-2013)10. Details are

given at Annexure- II and II-A and III and III-A.

CRIME RATE (IPC + SLL) (Crime rate: 540.4)

Population is one of the important factors influencing incidences of crime. A number of

socio-economic factors, besides population, could influence the crime situation at a particular

place. The present analysis of crime rate is restricted to the influence of population only.

Therefore, the analysis of crime rate of a particular State/UT shouldn’t be construed as the

sole indicator of crime position of that particular State/UT in relation to others. The ‘Crime rate’

defined as the ‘number of crimes’ reported per 1,00,000 population is universally taken as a

realistic indicator since it balances the effect of growth in population and size of State. The

rate of total Cognizable crimes in the country which showed a rising trend during the period

2003-2004 (from 514.4 in the year 2003 to 555.3 in the year 2004) and declined to 455.8 in

the year 2005 and again slightly decreased to 455.7 in the year 2006. However, it rose to

504.5 in 2007, 515.0 in 2008, 570.8 in 2009 and it, however, decreased to 569.3 in 2010,

516.7 in 2011, and further declined to 497.9 in 2012, thereafter it rose to 540.4 during 2013.

The sudden drop in crime rate from 555.3 in the year 2004 to 455.8 in the year 2005 may

be attributed to the exclusion of certain non-cognizable crimes by Kolkata Police in 2005 data,

which were being included inadvertently under the crime-head 'Other SLL crimes' prior to the

year 2005. The crime rate in respect of IPC crimes has increased by 9.6 per cent during

2013, from 196.7 in the year 2012 to 215.5 in the year 2013 and for SLL crimes, an increase

of 7.9 per cent was reported during 2013 over 2012 (from 301.2 in 2012 to 324.9 in 2013)11.

Details are given at Annexure - II and II-A and III and III-A.

COMPLAINTS RECEIVED BY POLICE

The total number of complaints received by the Police including oral, written, distress

call or the ones initiated suo-moto by the Police is being collected since 1999 in order to

assess the quantum of work load of police.

A total of 1,86,84,289 complaints were received by the Police in the country during the

year 2013 as compared to 1,07,82,638 complaints received during the year 2012 showing

10

op.cit, Ministry of Home Affairs Report, Crime in India, 2013, p.23 11

Ibid, pp.23 & 25

5

an increase of 73.3 per cent over 2012. 21.0 per cent of these were written complaints, 8.0

per cent were oral complaints, 20.3 per cent complaints were initiated by the Police and 50.8

per cent were distress calls reported over phones (Dial No.100). Nearly, 35.5 per cent of

these complaints were registered as Cognizable offences (66,40,378 out of 1,86,84,289

cases). The year-wise number of such complaints vis-à-vis actual number of Cognizable

crimes registered by the Police12 are given at Annexure-IV.

MEASURES TAKEN BY THE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT

Under the Seventh Schedule to the Constitution of India, ‘Police’ and ‘Public Order’ are

State subjects and, therefore, the State Governments are primarily responsible for prevention,

registration, detection and investigation of crime and prosecution of the perpetrators of crime

within their jurisdiction. However, the Ministry of Home Affairs supplements the efforts of the

State Governments by providing them financial assistance for modernization of the State

Police Forces in terms of weaponry, communication, equipment, mobility, training and other

infrastructure under the Scheme of Modernization of State Police Forces13.

The Union Government, attaches highest importance to the matter of prevention of

crime, and therefore, has continued to urge to the State Governments/Union Territory

Administrations to give more focused attention towards improving the administrations of

criminal justice system and taking such measures as are necessary for prevention and control

of crime. In this regard a number of advisories have been issued to the States from time to

time14.

12

Ibid, Ministry of Home Affairs Report, Crime in India, 2013, p.17 13

India. Ministry of Home Affairs Annual Report, 2013-14, p.69 14

op.cit. Question No.3211 dated 11.2.2014

6

Annexure-I

Incidence & Rate of Total Cognizable Crimes Under Indian Penal Code (IPC) And Special And Local Laws (SLL)(2003-2013)

Sl. No. Year Projected

Mid-Year Population (In Lakh)*

IPC

Incide

nce

SLL

Total

IPC

Rate

SLL

Total

Percentage of IPC Crimes to Total Cognizable Crimes

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

1 2003 10682 1716120 3778694 5494814 160.7 353.7 514.4 31.2

2

2004

10856

1832015

4196766

6028781

168.8

386.6

555.3

30.4

3

2005

11028

1822602

3203735

5026337

165.3

290.5

455.8

36.3

4

2006

11198

1878293

3224167

5102460

167.7

287.9

455.7

36.8

5

2007

11366

1989673

3743734

5733407

175.1

329.4

504.5

34.7

6

2008

11531

2093379

3844725

@

5938104

181.5

333.4

515.0

35.3

7

2009

11694

2121345

4553872+

+

6675217

181.4

389.4

570.8

31.8

8

2010

11858

2224831

4525917

6750748

187.6

381.7

569.3

33.0

9

2011

12102

2325575

3927154

6252729

192.2

324.5

516.7

37.2

10

2012 **

12134

2387188

3654371

6041559

196.7

301.2

497.9

39.5

11

2013

12288

2647722

3992656

6640378

215.5

324.9

540.4

39.9

12 PERCENTAGE CHANGE IN 2013 OVER 2003

15.0 54.3 5.7 20.8 34.1 -8.1 5.1 27.7

13 COMPOUND GROWTH RATE PER ANNUM

1.4 4.0 1.1 2.1 2.6 -0.3 0.7 1.9

* Source: Registrar General of India

** Actual Population As Per Population Census 2012 (Provisional) @ Andhra Pradesh excluded Motor Vehicle Act (Non-Cognizable) Cases from the year 2009.

++Variation in SLL crimes is due to less registration of M.V. Act (Cognizable) & Town Nuisance Act cases in Andhra Pradesh.

Source: India. Ministry of Home Affairs Report, Crime in India, 2013, p.194

7

Annexure-II

Incidence & Rate of Total Cognizable Crimes (IPC) In States & UTs During 2013

Sl. No.

State/UT Incidence of Total

Cognizable Crimes

Percentage Contribution to All-India Total

Mid-Year Projected

Population (In Lakh)**

Rate of Total Cognizable Crimes

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)

STATES:

1 ANDHRA PRADESH 218015 8.2 864.76 252.1

2 ARUNACHAL PRADESH 2776 0.1 12.74 217.9

3 ASSAM 87186 3.3 314.45 277.3

4 BIHAR 167455 6.3 1007.15 166.3

5 CHHATTISGARH 56870 2.1 250.18 227.3

6 GOA 4312 0.2 18.85 228.8

7 GUJARAT 157435 5.9 608.28 258.8

8 HARYANA 72098 2.7 264.05 273.0

9 HIMACHAL PRADESH 13750 0.5 69.39 198.2

10 JAMMU & KASHMIR 25390 1.0 120.59 210.5

11 JHARKHAND 48208 1.8 324.79 148.4

12 KARNATAKA 136689 5.2 608.24 224.7

13 KERALA 176334 6.7 351.11 502.2

14 MADHYA PRADESH 227453 8.6 748.65 303.8

15 MAHARASHTRA 234385 8.9 1162.06 201.7

16 MANIPUR 3178 0.1 25.16 126.3

17 MEGHALAYA 3259 0.1 26.92 121.1

18 MIZORAM 1709 0.1 10.32 165.6

19 NAGALAND 1216 0.0 23.10 52.6

20 ODISHA 71718 2.7 415.69 172.5

21 PUNJAB 36667 1.4 283.79 129.2

22 RAJASTHAN 196224 7.4 702.93 279.2

23 SIKKIM 851 0.0 6.29 135.3

24 TAMIL NADU 203579 7.7 683.99 297.6

25 TRIPURA 6210 0.2 37.14 167.2

26 UTTAR PRADESH 226445 8.6 2089.15 108.4

27 UTTARAKHAND 9546 0.4 102.71 92.9

28 WEST BENGAL 169535 6.4 913.92 185.5

TOTAL (STATES) 2558493 96.6 12046.40 212.4

UNION TERRITORIES

29 A & N ISLANDS 612 0.0 5.25 116.6

30 CHANDIGARH 4077 0.2 16.05 254.0

31 D & N HAVELI 314 0.0 3.92 80.1

32 DAMAN & DIU 246 0.0 2.97 82.8

33 DELHI 80184 3.0 197.14 406.7

34 LAKSHADWEEP 40 0.0 0.78 51.3

35 PUDUCHERRY 3756 0.1 15.34 244.9

TOTAL (UTs) 89229 3.4 241.45 369.6

TOTAL (ALL-INDIA) 2647722 100.0 12287.85 215.5

Source: India. Ministry of Home Affairs Report, Crime in India, 2013, p.200

8

Annexure-II A Incidence & Rate of Cognizable Crimes (IPC) Under Under different

Crime Headsand Percentage Changes During 2013 Sl. No.

Crime Head Year

2003 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)

1. MURDER (Sec.302 IPC)

32716 (3.1)

32766 (2.8)

32369 (2.8)

33335 (2.8)

34305 (2.8)

34434 (2.8)

2. ATTEMPT TO COMMIT MURDER (Sec. 307 IPC)

25942 (2.4)

28598 (2.5)

29038 (2.5)

29421 (2.5)

31385 (2.6)

35138 (2.9)

3. G.H. NOT AMOUNTING MURDER (Sec.304, 308 IPC)

4029 (0.4)

3863 (0.3)

3930 (0.3)

3782 (0.3)

3707 (0.3)

3620 (0.3)

4. RAPE @ (Sec.376 IPC)

15847 (3.1)

21467 (3.8)

21397 (3.8)

22172 (3.9)

24206 (4.1)

24923 (4.3)

CUSTODIAL RAPE 0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

2 (0.0)

6 (0.0)

1 (0.0)

1 (0.0)

OTHER RAPE 15847 (3.1)

21467 (3.8)

21395 (3.8)

22166 (3.9)

24205 (4.1)

24922 (4.3)

5. KIDNAPPING & ABDUCTION (Sec.363-369, 371-372 IPC)

19992 (1.9)

30261 (2.6)

33860 (2.9)

38440 (3.2)

44664 (3.7)

47592 (3.9)

i) OF WOMEN & GIRLS @ 13296 (2.6)

22939 (4.1)

25741 (4.5)

29795 (5.2)

35565 (6.1)

38262 (6.5)

ii) OF OTHERS 6696 (0.6)

7322 (0.6)

8119 (0.7)

8645 (0.7)

9099 (0.8)

9330 (0.8)

6. DACOITY (Sec.395-398 IPC)

5303 (0.5)

4530 (0.4)

4586 (0.4)

4358 (0.4)

4285 (0.4)

4314 (0.4)

7. PREPARATION & ASSEMBLY FOR DACOITY (Sec.399-402IPC)

2302 (0.2)

3217 (0.3)

2850 (0.2)

2615 (0.2)

2895 (0.2)

3099 (0.3)

8. ROBBERY (Sec.392-394,397,398 IPC)

17512 (1.6)

20522 (1.8)

22409 (1.9)

23393 (2.0)

24700 (2.0)

27343 (2.3)

9. Burglary (Sec.449-452, 454, 455, 457-460 IPC)

92827 (8.7)

93742 (8.1)

92070 (7.9)

90179 (7.6)

92504 (7.6)

92892 (7.7)

10. THEFT (Sec.379-382 IPC)

245237 (23.0)

316761 (27.5)

324195 (27.7)

330312 (27.9)

340800 (28.2)

337407 (27.8)

(i) auto theft 69307 (6.5)

120032 (10.4)

140027 (12.0)

147475 (12.4)

151200 (12.5)

154351 (12.7)

(ii) other theft 175930 (16.5)

196729 (17.1)

184168 (15.7)

182837 (15.4)

189600 (15.7)

183056 (15.1)

11. RIOTS (Sec.143-145, 147-151, 153, 153A, 153B, 157, 158, 160 IPC)

57334 (5.4)

66018 (5.7)

62942 (5.4)

67571 (5.7)

68500 (5.7)

74633 (6.2)

12. CRIMINAL BREACH OF TRUST (Sec.406-409 IPC)

13432 (1.3)

16487 (1.4)

16326 (1.4)

16678 (1.4)

17457 (1.4)

17901 (1.5)

13. CHEATING (Sec.419,420 IPC)

47478 (4.4)

66579 (5.8)

72718 (6.2)

78999 (6.7)

87656 (7.2)

94203 (7.8)

14. COUNTERFEITING (Sec.231-254,489A- 489D IPC)

2055 (0.2)

2991 (0.3)

2935 (0.3)

2589 (0.2)

2307 (0.2)

2351 (0.2)

15. ARSON (Sec.435,436,438 IPC)

9365 (0.9)

9249 (0.8)

8736 (0.7)

8508 (0.7)

9064 (0.7)

11836 (1.0)

16. HURT (Sec.323-333,335-338 IPC)

261444 (24.5)

284969 (24.7)

279214 (23.9)

289022 (24.4)

302847 (25.0)

332324 (27.4)

17. DOWRY DEATHS@ (Sec.304B IPC)

6208 (1.2)

8172 (1.5)

8383 (1.5)

8391 (1.5)

8618 (1.5)

8233 (1.4)

18. ASSAULT ON WOMEN WITH INTENT TO OUTRAGE HER MODESTY@ (Sec.354 IPC)

32939 (6.4)

40413 (7.2)

38711 (6.8)

40613 (7.1)

42968 (7.3)

45351 (7.7)

19. INSULT TO THE MODESTY OF WOMEN@ (Sec.509 IPC)

12325 (2.4)

12214 (2.2)

11009 (1.9)

9961 (1.7)

8570 (1.5)

9173 (1.6)

20. CRUELTY BY HUSBAND OR HIS RELATIVES@ (Sec.498 IPC)

50703 (9.8)

81344 (14.6)

89546 (15.8)

94041 (16.4)

99135 (16.9)

106527 (18.2)

21. IMPORTATION OF GIRLS FROM FOREIGN COUNTRIES@ (Sec.366B IPC)

46 (0.0)

67 (0.0)

48 (0.0)

36 (0.0)

80 (0.0)

59 (0.0)

22. CAUSING DEATH BY NEGLIGENCE (Sec.304A IPC)

60672 (5.7)

92186 (8.0)

98532 (8.4)

106343 (9.0)

108890 (9.0)

107591 (8.9)

23. OTHER IPC CRIMES 700412 (65.6)

856963 (74.3)

865541 (74.0)

924072 (77.9)

966032 (79.8)

966244 (79.6)

TOTAL COGNIZABLE CRIMES UNDER IPC 1716120 (160.7)

2093379 (181.5)

2121345 (181.4)

2224831 (187.6)

2325575 (192.2)

2387188 (196.7)

Note : 1. Figures in brackets indicate rate of crime per lakh of population.

1. Due to paucity of space `C.H. not amounting to Murder' also includes `Attempt to Commit C.H.' under Section 308 IPC'.

2. Due to technical limitations, crime rate of crimes committed against children has been calculated on the basis of total population instead of

children population.

3. @ Rate of crime has been worked out using female population (mid-year estimated / actual census) of the respective years.

9

Sl. No.

Crime Head Quinquennial Average (2008-12) (Q.A.)

2013 Percentage Change in 2013 (+) Increase / (-) Decrease Over

2003 Q. A. 2012

(1) (2) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13)

1. MURDER (Sec.302 IPC)

33442 (2.8)

33201 (2.7)

1.5

-0.7

-3.6

2. ATTEMPT TO COMMIT MURDER (Sec. 307 IPC)

30716 (2.6)

35417 (2.9)

36.5 15.3 0.8

3. G.H. NOT AMOUNTING MURDER (Sec.304, 308 IPC)

3780 (0.3)

3380 (0.3)

-16.1 -10.6 -6.6

4. RAPE @ (Sec.376 IPC)

22833 (1.9)

33707 (5.7)

112.7 47.6 35.2

CUSTODIAL RAPE 2 (0.0)

1 (0.0)

0.0 -50.0 0.0

OTHER RAPE 22831 (1.9)

33706 (5.7)

112.7 47.6 35.2

5. KIDNAPPING & ABDUCTION (Sec.363-369, 371-372 IPC)

38963 (3.3)

65461 (5.3)

227.4 68.0 37.5

i) OF WOMEN & GIRLS @ 30460 (2.6)

51881 (8.8)

290.2 70.3 35.6

ii) OF OTHERS 8503 (0.7)

7322 (0.6)

102.8 59.7 45.6

6. DACOITY (Sec.395-398 IPC)

4415 (0.4)

4539 (0.4)

-14.4 2.8 5.2

7. PREPARATION & ASSEMBLY FOR DACOITY (Sec.399-402IPC)

2935 (0.2)

3159 (0.3)

37.2 7.6 1.9

8. ROBBERY (Sec.392-394, 397, 398 IPC)

23673 (2.0)

31927 (2.6)

82.3 34.9 16.8

9. BURGLARY (Sec.449-452, 454, 455, 457-460 IPC)

92277 (7.8)

104401 (8.5)

12.5 13.1 12.4

10. THEFT (Sec.379-382 IPC)

329895 (27.8)

372622 (30.3)

51.9 13.0 10.4

(i) auto theft 142617 (12.0)

165690 (13.5)

139.1 16.2 7.3

(ii) other theft 187278 (15.8)

206932 (16.8)

17.6 10.5 13.0

11. RIOTS (Sec.143-145, 147-151, 153, 153A, 153B, 157, 158, 160 IPC)

67933 (5.7)

72126 (5.9)

25.8 6.2 -3.4

12. CRIMINAL BREACH OF TRUST (Sec.406-409 IPC)

16970 (1.4)

19627 (1.6)

46.1 15.7 9.6

13. CHEATING (Sec.419,420 IPC)

80031 (6.7)

107330 (8.7)

126.1 34.1 13.9

14. COUNTERFEITING (Sec.231-254,489A-489D IPC)

2635 (0.2)

2349 (0.2)

14.3 -10.8 -0.1

15. ARSON (Sec.435,436,438 IPC)

9479 (0.8)

9357 (0.8)

-0.1 -1.3 -20.9

16. HURT

(Sec.323-333,335-338 IPC)

297675

(25.1)

334669

(27.2)

28.0 12.4 0.7

17. Dowry Deaths@ (Sec.304B IPC)

8359 (0.7)

8083 (1.4)

30.2 -3.3 -1.8

18. Assault on women with intent to outrage her modesty@ (Sec.354 IPC)

41611 (3.5)

70739 (11.9)

114.8 70.0 56.0

19. INSULT TO THE MODESTY OF WOMEN@ (Sec.509 IPC)

10185 (0.9)

12589 (2.1)

2.1 23.6 37.2

20. CRUELTY BY HUSBAND OR HIS RELATIVES@ (Sec.498 IPC)

94119 (7.9)

118866 (20.1)

134.4 26.3 11.6

21. IMPORTATION OF GIRLS FROM FOREIGN COUNTRIES@ (Sec.366B IPC)

58 (0.0)

31 (0.0)

-32.6 -46.6 -47.5

22. CAUSING DEATH BY NEGLIGENCE (Sec.304A IPC)

102708 (8.7)

111517 (9.1)

83.8 8.6 3.6

23. OTHER IPC CRIMES 915770 (77.1)

1092625 (88.9)

56.9 19.3 13.1

TOTAL COGNIZABLE CRIMES UNDER IPC 2230464 (187.9)

2647722 (215.5)

54.3 18.7 10.9

Note: Figures in Brackets indicate rate of crime per lakh of population. @ Rate of crime has been worked out using female population (mid-year estimated / actual census ) of the respective years.

10

Annexure-III

Incidence & Rate of Total Cognizable Crimes (SLL) In States & UTs During 2013

Sl. No.

State/UT Incidence of Total Cognizable

Crimes

Percentage Contribution

to All-India Total

Mid Year Projected

Population** (In Lakh)

Rate of Total

Cognizable Crimes

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) STATES:

1 ANDHRA PRADESH 47690 1.2 864.8 55.1

2 ARUNACHAL PRADESH 142 0.0 12.7 11.1

3 ASSAM 2386 0.1 314.5 7.6

4 BIHAR 17506 0.4 1007.2 17.4

5 CHHATTISGARH 232949 5.8 250.2 931.1

6 GOA 3200 0.1 18.9 169.8

7 GUJARAT 255801 6.4 608.3 420.5

8 HARYANA 49145 1.2 264.1 186.1

9 HIMACHAL PRADESH 1983 0.0 69.4 28.6

10 JAMMU & KASHMIR 1517 0.0 120.6 12.6

11 JHARKHAND 5900 0.1 324.8 18.2

12 KARNATAKA 22710 0.6 608.2 37.3

13 KERALA 406848 10.2 351.1 1158.7

14 MADHYA PRADESH 91191 2.3 748.7 121.8

15 MAHARASHTRA 124124 3.1 1162.1 106.8

16 MANIPUR 752 0.0 25.2 29.9

17 MEGHALAYA 209 0.0 26.9 7.8

18 MIZORAM 564 0.0 10.3 54.7

19 NAGALAND 480 0.0 23.1 20.8

20 ODISHA 18466 0.5 415.7 44.4

21 PUNJAB 27616 0.7 283.8 97.3

22 RAJASTHAN 72155 1.8 702.9 102.6

23 SIKKIM 284 0.0 6.3 45.2

24 TAMIL NADU 493099 12.4 684.0 720.9

25 TRIPURA 336 0.0 37.1 9.0

26 UTTAR PRADESH 1916743 48.0 2089.2 917.5

27 UTTARAKHAND 168414 4.2 102.7 1639.7

28 WEST BENGAL 19618 0.5 913.9 21.5

TOTAL (STATES) 3981828 99.7 12046.40 330.5

UNION TERRITORIES 29 A & N ISLANDS 2046 0.1 5.3 389.7

30 CHANDIGARH 1355 0.0 16.1 84.4

31 D & N HAVELI 15 0.0 3.9 3.8

32 DAMAN & DIU 21 0.0 3.0 7.1

33 DELHI 6616 0.2 197.1 33.6

34 LAKSHADWEEP 22 0.0 0.8 28.2

35 PUDUCHERRY 753 0.0 15.3 49.1

TOTAL (UTs) 10828 0.3 241.45 44.8

TOTAL (ALL-INDIA) 3992656 100.0 12287.85 324.9

Source: India. Ministry of Home Affairs Report, Crime in India, 2013, p.202

11

Annexure-III A

Incidence & Rate of Cognizable Crimes Under Special and Local Laws (SLL) Under different Crime Heads and Percentage Changes During 2013

Sl. No.

Crime Head 2003 2008~~ 2009# 2010++ 2011 2012

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)

1. ARMS ACT 72804 (6.8)

77016 (6.7)

80109 (6.9)

75550 (6.4)

62329 (5.2)

55376 (4.6)

2. NARCOTIC DRUGS & PSYCHOTROPIC SUBSTANCES ACT

27913 (2.6)

30645 (2.7)

29401 (2.5)

29576 (2.5)

25785 (2.1)

29247 (2.4)

3. GAMBING 175298 (16.4)

156247 (13.5)

162218 (13.9)

157958 (13.3)

154335 (12.8)

140302 (11.6)

4. EXCISE ACT 137513 (12.9)

161691 (14.0)

186322 (15.9)

177081 (14.9)

144614 (11.9)

160528 (13.2)

5. PROHIBITION ACT 467216 (43.7)

361940 (31.4)

387029 (33.1)

385670 (32.5)

399257 (33.0)

416749 (34.3)

6. EXPLOSIVE & EXPLOSIVE SUBSTANCES ACT 3864 (0.4)

4067 (0.4)

4419 (0.4)

4021 (0.3)

3669 (0.3)

4027 (0.3)

7. IMMORAL TRAFFIC (P) ACT @ 5510 (1.1)

2660 (0.5)

2474 (0.4)

2499 (0.4)

2436 (0.4)

2563 (0.4)

8. INDIAN RAILWAYS ACT 40861 (3.8)

145 (0.0)

175 (0.0)

148 (0.0)

156 (0.0)

144 (0.0)

9. REGISTRATION OF FOREIGNERS ACT 1315 (0.1)

1524 (0.1)

1257 (0.1)

1204 (0.1)

1284 (0.1)

1519 (0.1)

10. PROTECTION OF CIVIL RIGHTS ACT 671 (0.1)

285 (0.0)

170 (0.0)

148 (0.0)

74 (0.0)

64 (0.0)

(i) PCR Act for SCs 634 (0.1)

279 (0.0)

168 (0.0)

143 (0.0)

67 (0.0)

62 (0.0)

(ii) PCR Act for STs 37 (0.0)

6 (0.0)

2 (0.0)

5 (0.0)

7 (0.0)

2 (0.0)

11. INDIAN PASSPORT ACT 555 (0.1)

1045 (0.1)

1249 (0.1)

937 (0.1)

869 (0.1)

953 (0.1)

12. ESSENTIAL COMMODITIES ACT 4201 (0.4)

9100 (0.8)

7622 (0.7)

7928 (0.7)

8654 (0.7)

6755 (0.6)

13. TERRORIST & DISRUPTIVE ACTIVITIES ACT 85 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

14. ANTIQUITIES & ART TREASURES ACT 37 (0.0)

34 (0.0)

36 (0.0)

57 (0.0)

71 (0.0)

59 (0.0)

15. DOWRY PROHIBITION ACT @ 2684 (0.5)

5555 (1.0)

5650 (1.0)

5182 (0.9)

6619 (1.1)

9038 (1.5)

16. PROHIBITION OF CHILD MARRIAGE ACT 63 (0.0)

104 (0.0)

5 (0.0)

60 (0.0)

113 (0.0)

169 (0.0)

17. INDECENT REPRESENTATION OF WOMEN (P) ACT @ 1043 (0.2)

1025 (0.2)

845 (0.1)

895 (0.2)

453 (0.1)

141 (0.0)

18. COPYRIGHTS ACT 5378 (0.5)

6036 (0.5)

6049 (0.5)

7889 (0.7)

6976 (0.6)

6151 (0.5)

19. COMMISSION OF SATI PREVENTION ACT @ 0 (0.0)

1 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

20. SC/ST (PREVENTION OF ATROCITIES) ACT 9388 (0.9)

12347 (1.1)

11859 (1.0)

11456 (1.0)

12496 (1.0)

13887 (1.1)

(i) Prevention of Atrocities Act for SCs 8048 (0.8)

11465 (1.0)

11037 (0.9)

10419 (0.9)

11342 (0.9)

12576 (1.0)

(ii) Prevention of Atrocities Act for STs 1340 (0.1)

882 (0.1)

822 (0.1)

1037 (0.1)

1154 (0.1)

1311 (0.1)

21. FOREST ACT 3707 (0.3)

5082 (0.4)

4802 (0.4)

6004 (0.5)

7448 (0.6)

6467 (0.5)

22. OTHER SLL CRIMES 2818588 (263.9)

3008176 (260.9)

3662181 (313.2)

3651654 (308.0)

3089516 (255.3)

2800232 (230.8)

23. TOTAL COGNIZABLE CRIMES UNDER SLL 3778694 (353.7)

3844725 (333.4)

4553872 (389.4)

4525917 (381.7)

3927154 (324.5)

3654371 (301.2)

Note : due to technical limitation, crime rate of crimes committed against children and SC/ST has been calculated on the basis of total population instead of children and SC/ST population respectively.

Source: India. Ministry of Home Affairs Report, Crime in India, 2013, pp.305-306

12

Sl. No.

Crime Head Quinquennial Average (2008-12)

(Q.A.)

2013 Percentage Change in 2013 (+) Increase / (-) Decrease

Over

2003 Q.A. 2012

(1) (2) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13)

1. ARMS ACT 70076 (6.0)

54362 (4.4)

-25.3 -22.4 -1.8

2. NARCOTIC DRUGS & PSYCHOTROPIC SUBSTANCES ACT

28931 (2.4)

34668 (2.8)

24.2 19.8 18.5

3. GAMBING 154212 (13.0)

131634 (10.7)

-24.9 -14.6 -6.2

4. EXCISE ACT 166047 (14.0)

175744 (14.3)

27.8 5.8 9.5

5. PROHIBITION ACT 390129 (32.9)

420113 (34.2)

-10.1 7.7 0.8

6. EXPLOSIVE & EXPLOSIVE SUBSTANCES ACT 4041 (0.3)

3875 (0.3)

0.3 -4.1 -3.8

7. IMMORAL TRAFFIC (P) ACT @ 2526 (0.2)

2579 (0.4)

-53.2

2.1 0.6

8. INDIAN RAILWAYS ACT 154 (0.0)

166 (0.0)

-99.6 8.1 15.3

9. REGISTRATION OF FOREIGNERS ACT 1358 (0.1)

2133 (0.2)

62.2 57.1 40.4

10. PROTECTION OF CIVIL RIGHTS ACT 148 (0.0)

87 (0.0)

-87.0 -41.3 35.9

(i) PCR Act for SCs 144 (0.0)

62 (0.0)

-90.2 -56.9 0.0

(ii) PCR Act for STs 4 (0.0)

25 (0.0)

-32.4 468.2 1150.0

11. INDIAN PASSPORT ACT 1011 (0.1)

933 (0.1)

68.1 -7.7 -21

12. ESSENTIAL COMMODITIES ACT 8012 (0.7)

5143 (0.4)

22.4 -35.8 -23.9

13. TERRORIST & DISRUPTIVE ACTIVITIES ACT 0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

-100.0 0.0 0.0

14. ANTIQUITIES & ART TREASURES ACT 51 (0.0)

34 (0.0)

-8.1 -33.9 -42.4

15. DOWRY PROHIBITION ACT @ 6409 (0.5)

10709 (1.8)

299.0 67.1 18.5

16. PROHIBITION OF CHILD MARRIAGE ACT 90 (0.0)

222 (0.0)

252.4 146.1 31.4

17. INDECENT REPRESENTATION OF WOMEN (P) ACT @

672 (0.1)

362 (0.1)

-65.3 -46.1 156.7

18. COPYRIGHTS ACT 6620 (0.6)

6087 (0.5)

13.2 -8.1 -1.0

19. COMMISSION OF SATI PREVENTION ACT @ 0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

0.0 -100.0 0.0

20. SC/ST (PREVENTION OF ATROCITIES) act 12409 (1.0)

15365 (1.3)

63.7 23.8 10.6

(i) Prevention of Atrocities Act for SCs 11368 (0.9)

13975 (1.1)

73.6 22.9 11.1

(ii) Prevention of Atrocities Act for STs 1041 (0.1)

1390 (0.1)

3.7 33.5 6.0

21. FOREST ACT 5961 (0.5)

20407 (1.7)

450.5 242.4 215.6

22. OTHER SLL CRIMES 3242352 (273.6)

3108033 (252.9)

10.3 -4.1 11.0

23. TOTAL COGNIZABLE CRIMES UNDER SLL 4101208 (346.0)

3992656 (324.9)

5.7 -2.6 9.3

1. Figures in brackets indicate rate of crime per lakh of population.

2. Rate less than 0.05 is also shown as 0.0.

3. # Andhra Pradesh excluded Motor Vehicle Act (Non-Cognizable) Cases from the year 2008

4. ++Variation in SLL crimes is due to less registration of M.V. Act (Cognizable) and Town Nuisance Act cases in Andhra Pradesh as clarified by them.

5. ## 2009 figures of newly enacted Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006 in place of Child Marriage Restraint Act, 1929 have been clubbed with Other SLL

crimes.

6. ~~ Compared to 2008 data published in the report of 2009, there is variation in 2008 figures of PCR Act, Excise Act, Immoral Traffic (P) Act, Essential

Commodities Act, Forest Act and Other SLL crimes due to revised data of 2008 furnished by Karnataka in 2010 only.

7. Revised data for 2008, 2009 and 2010 has been furnished to NCRB by Chhattisgarh state in 2012. Therefore, comparatively there may be difference in the old

published data of some of the crime heads in regards of these years.

8. Revised data for 2011 has been furnished by Jammu & Kashmir state for Sati Prevention Act after publication of the report. Hence, the data of 2011

may have variation in this report of column 8 for 2011.

9. @ Rate of crime has been worked out using female population (mid-year estimated / actual census) of the respective years.

13

Annexure-IV

Number of Complaints Received By Police & Cases Registered Under IPC & SLL During 2013

Sl. No.

State/UT

Category of Complaints Received No. of cases registered under Total

(Col.8 +

Col.9) Oral Written

Distress call over Phone/ Dial 100

Complaint Initiated

Suo-moto by Police

Total Complaints (Col. 3 to 6)

IPC SLL

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)

1 ANDHRA PRADESH 37424 110024 45300 72957 265705 218015 47690 265705

2 ARUNACHALPRADESH 0 2914 0 4 2918 2776 142 2918

ASSAM 88 88553 180 931 89752 87186 2386 89572

4 BIHAR 18548 161850 101 4462 184961 167455 17506 184961

5 CHHATTISGARH 140000 98210 8000 43609 289819 56870 232949 289819

6 GOA 2337 1996 350 2829 7512 4312 3200 7512

7 GUJARAT 120422 187436 28475 78298 414631 157435 255801 413236

8 HARYANA 1573 174321 169877 24627 370398 72098 49145 121243

9 HIMACHAL PRADESH 1563 11334 1099 2324 16320 13750 1983 15733

10 JAMMU & KASHMIR 3936 17683 194 5094 26907 25390 1517 26907

11 JHARKHAND 7216 45320 12 1560 54108 48208 5900 54108

12 KARNATAKA 22393 124356 38 17761 164548 136689 22710 159399

13 KERALA 115887 336674 59993 424564 937118 176334 406848 583182

14 MADHYA PRADESH 275233 31514 451 11446 318644 227453 91191 318644

15 MAHARASHTRA 372585 697902 32968 696387 1799842 234385 124124 358509

16 MANIPUR 0 3180 0 750 3930 3178 752 3930

17 MEGHALAYA 0 3216 0 270 3486 3259 209 3468

18 MIZORAM 5 2822 8 454 3289 1709 564 2273

19 NAGALAND 66 1141 204 355 1766 1216 480 1696

20 ODISHA 343 81496 0 8345 90184 71718 18466 90184

21 PUNJAB 4724 214045 143018 228 362015 36667 27616 64283

22 RAJASTHAN 4605 195289 502 67983 268379 196224 72155 268379

23 SIKKIM 42 1068 16 9 1135 851 284 1135

24 TAMIL NADU 56066 352470 3066 285076 696678 203579 493099 696678

25 TRIPURA 71 6358 0 117 6546 6210 336 6546

26 UTTAR PRADESH 7714 289586 105 1845783 2143188 226445 1916743 2143188

27 UTTARAKHAND 299 11708 0 165953 177960 9546 168414 177960

28 WEST BENGAL 217886 176084 2954 9466 406390 169535 19618 189153

TOTAL (STATES) 1411026 3428550 496911 3771642 9108129 2558493 3981828 6540321

UNION TERRITORIES:

29 A & N ISLANDS 409 210 29 2010 2658 612 2046 2658

30 CHANDIGARH 0 15849 84419 17 100285 4077 1355 5432

31 D & N HAVELI 104 1487 1543 14 3148 314 15 329

32 DAMAN & DIU 95 139 0 33 267 246 21 267

33 DELHI 75265 467806 8904862 17298 9465231 80184 6616 86800

34 LAKSHADWEEP 0 33 0 29 62 40 22 62

35 PUDUCHERRY 923 2946 0 640 4509 3756 753 4509

TOTAL (UTs) 76796 488470 8990853 20041 9576160 89229 10828 100057

TOTAL (ALL-INDIA) 1487822 3917020 9487764 3791683 18684289 2647722 3992656 6640378

*In some States/UTs only the Oral Complaints/Distress Call/Dial 100 which are converted into FIR are shown in column 3 and 5

Note: Some States/UTs have furnished the same figures for total complaints received (Col.7) and total cases registered (Col. 10) by

furnishing only the cognizable complaints in Col.7.

Source: India. Ministry of Home Affairs Report, Crime in India, 2013, p.193