Crime situation in South Africa

1 April 2016 - 31 March 2017

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introduction

Broad categories of crime

Methodology

Quality Improvement Initiatives

Crime Statistics Analysis

Serious Crime Classification

17 Community-Reported Serious Crimes

4 Crime Dependent on Police Action

Core Business Diversion

Strategic Approach

2

Introduction3

Police recorded crime statistics are derived from an administrative data

collection process.

All crimes are recorded as and when they are brought to the attention, or

detected by police, irrespective of when the crimes were committed.

A docket is opened for every crime brought to the attention of the police and

subsequently electronically transcribed on the Case Administrative System-CAS.

CAS numbers are allocated chronologically according to the month-year on

which the crime was reported.

Each reported crime incident is allocated a crime code, which are then

aggregated into Daily Summary of Serious Crime (DSSC) Code.

DSSC codes are used for classification and statistical reporting purposes.

Data Collection

INTRODUCTIONMethodology

4

The focus of this report is the raw number of counts per serious crime category,

they include 17 Community reported crimes and 4 Crimes dependent on police

action for detection .

All attempted crimes are included in the relevant categories.

Cases closed off as “Unfounded” in accordance with the Standing Order (G) 325

- closing of dockets, are excluded for crime statistics reporting purposes.

The annual report also provides percentage changes for each crime category.

Raw Figures

INTRODUCTIONMethodology

5

To enhance equitable comparisons of reported crimes across provinces the this

financial year Annual Crime report (2016/2017) will include population ratios per

hundred thousand.

The computation of ratios will cover only contact crimes, where the target is a

person i.e. Murder, Attempted Murder, Sexual Offences, Assault GBH, Common

Assault and Common Robbery.

Ratios

INTRODUCTIONMethodology

6

The source document for recording crime is a docket, and the counting unit is a

charge.

One docket may contain one or multiple charges i.e. there can be more than one

charge in one docket.

In case where multiple offences are committed within the same scenario, each

offence will be recorded in addition to the primary offence. These additional counts

also form part of the crime statistics (e.g. gang rape and common robbery).

Regardless of the manner in which the cases are closed (withdrawn by the

complainant or court and undetected), the recorded crime will still form part of the

crime statistics.

In this crime report the statistics represent the number of crime charges or counts

and not the number of registered case docket.

Crime Counting Rules

INTRODUCTIONMethodology

7

INTRODUCTIONCrime Data Quality Management

The quality assurance process is enhanced through SASQAF’s South African

National Statistics System (SANSS) framework of engagement. The latter has six

components namely Problem Identification, Diagnostic Assessment, Development

of Problem Solutions, Implementation of Solutions, SASQAF Self-Assessment and

SASQAF Independent Assessment.

Current crime statistics have complied fully with the first four components of the

framework and have currently reached the self-assessment stage.

Crime Statistics Management

8

INTRODUCTIONCrime Data Quality Management

The Clearance Committee assessed the previous two crime statistics publications

for quality. The findings of these assessments were presented to the Crime

Registrar for correction and implementation in the value chain of production.

The Crime Registrar has incorporated changes in line with the Clearance

Committee recommendations.

The SASQAF self–assessment process was undertaken during the current financial

year. The self–assessment is currently being discussed by the members of the

SANSS and feedback will be provided in due course.

Crime Statistics Management

9

• To ensure accurate reporting the reports will be revised to take into consideration

the changing of crime status during the course of the year.

• A draft crime statistics data dissemination policy has been developed to inform

the stakeholders about the advance release calendar and also clarify the terms

and conditions applicable to pre-release access. The draft document is still going

through a consultative process.

INTRODUCTIONCrime Statistics Dissemination

10

Dissemination policy

BROAD CATEGORIES OF CRIME

17 Community-Reported Serious Crimes

Contact Crimes

• Murder• Sexual Offences

Rape Contact Sexual Offences Attempted Sexual Offences Sexual Assault

• Attempted Murder• Assault GBH• Common Assault• Common Robbery• Robbery Aggravated including

the following TRIO Crimes: Carjacking Robbery – Residential Robbery –Non –Residential Robbery – CIT Robbery – Bank Truck Hijacking

Contact Related Crimes

• Arson• Malicious

damage to property

Property Related Crimes

• Burglary at residential premises

• Burglary at non-residential premises

• Theft of motor vehicle and motor cycle

• Theft out of or from motor vehicle

• Stock theft

Other Serious Crimes

• Other Theft• Commercial

Crime• Shoplifting

Trio Crimes

11

BROAD CATEGORIES OF CRIME

12

4 Crimes detected as result of Police action

• Illegal Possession of firearm and ammunition

• Drug Related Crimes

• Driving under the influence of alcohol and drugs

• Sexual offences detected as a result of police action

Crime Statistics Analysis

SERIOUS CRIME CLASSIFICATIONPercentage Contribution

17 Reported

Serious Crimes

83%

1 770 626

14

HIGHLIGHTS ON THE 4 CATEGORIES MAKING UP THE 17

COMMUNITY-REPORTED SERIOUS CRIMESOverview of Categories – Financial Year Comparison

15

HIGHLIGHTS ON THE 17 COMMUNITY-REPORTED

SERIOUS CRIMESTrend over ten year period

16

HIGHLIGHTS ON THE 17 REPORTED CRIMESProvincial Overview

17

18

HIGHLIGHTS ON THE 4 CATEGORIES MAKING UP THE 17 COMMUNITY-

REPORTED SERIOUS CRIMES

Provincial breakdown (total & percentage change)

Province Contact crimes

Contact-related crimes

Property-related crimes

Other Serious Crimes

17 Commreportedcrimes

Total Reds

Eastern Cape65 524- 2.6%

12 8102.5%

53 0973.9%

36 4613.5%

167 8921.1% 3

Free State37 741-8.2%

6 838-12.5%

29 733-2.9%

23 348-0.7%

97 660-5.2 %

0

Gauteng 171 466-0.8 %

34 023-3.7%

154 7612.5%

142 974-3.7%

503 224-0.8%

1

KwaZulu-Natal 95 153-2.8%

14 709-5.3%

83 492-3.3%

67 284-1.9%

260 638-2.9%

0

Limpopo 36 764-9.0%

7 352-10.6%

31 240-2.6%

28 5243.9%

103 880-3.9%

1

Mpumalanga 33 3812.0%

5 834-4.6%

36 6661.5%

27 0601.9%

102 9411.4%

3

Northern Cape 18 105-4.6%

3 103-4.7%

13 4071.5%

9 619-0.1%

44 234-1.9%

1

North West 35 4830.7%

6 064-0.2%

33 5036.5%

21 767-6.0%

96 8170.9%

2

Western Cape 114 704-1.8%

29 9970.1%

104 754-6.1%

112 239-3.7%

361 694-3.5%

1

Total RSA 608 321-2.4%

120 730-3.3%

540 653-0.5%

469 2762.0%

1 738 9801.8%

0

19

Contact crimesContact crime refers to those crimes in which the victims themselves are the targets

of violence or property is targeted and the victims in the vicinity during the

commission of the crime are subjected to threats of violence or the use of such

violence.

• Murder

• Sexual Offences

• Attempted Murder

• Assault GBH

• Common Assault

• Common Robbery

CONTACT CRIMESPercentage Change

20

CONTACT CRIMESTrend over ten year period

21

HIGHLIGHTS ON THE CONTACT CRIMESProvincial Overview

22

23

HIGHLIGHTS ON THE CONTACT CRIMES Provincial breakdown (total & percentage change)

Province Murder AttMurder

SexualOffences

AssaultGBH

Common Assault

Robbery Aggr

Common Robbery

Total Red

Eastern Cape 3 628-0.6%

2 1102.8%

8 050-8.5%

23 241-6.4%

11 100-3.3%

13 6887.1%

3 7070.5%

3

Free State 950-4.3%

694-11.8%

3 488-11.2%

11 702-10.8%

13 568-10.7%

5 1477.7%

2 192-4.9%

1

Gauteng 4 1016.7%

4 8726.5%

9 5660.6%

39 684-7.3%

42 083-4.9%

53 7938.0%

17 367-3.8%

4

KwaZulu-Natal 4 0142.2%

3 914-3.1%

8 484-5.2%

26 824-6.4%

22 285-6.0%

22 3276.0%

7 305-2.9%

2

Limpopo 813-9.5%

829-5.3%

3 828-12.4%

12 948-8.4%

8 373-14.9%

6 7450.3%

3 228-8.9%

1

Mpumalanga 95411.1%

95119.3%

3 216-3.5%

10 896-4.1%

7 7120.8%

6 70211.8%

2 9507.4%

5

Northern Cape 344-7.5%

550-16.4%

1 587-7.7%

8 173-8.1%

4 440-3.4%

1 5058.5%

1 50611.7%

2

North West 901-0.7%

898-0.1%

4 3263.9%

12 731-6.5%

7 0211.1%

7 01711.7

2 5897.1%

3

Western Cape 3 3112.7%

3 387-1.7%

7 115-0.2%

24 417-4.4%

39 868-3.5%

24 0321.3%

12 5740.7%

3

Total 4 3 2 0 2 9 5

24

Types of Contact crimes

MURDERTrend over ten year period

25

MURDERProvincial Overview-Actual

26

MURDERProvincial Overview-Ratio

27

SEXUAL OFFENCESTrend over ten year period

28

SEXUAL OFFENCESProvincial Overview

29

30

Sub-Categories of Sexual Offence

Consist of the following crime types:

Rape

Sexual Assault

Contact Sexual Assault

Attempted Sexual Offences

RAPETrend over nine year period

31

RAPEProvincial Overview-Actual

32

RAPEProvincial Overview-Ratio

33

SEXUAL ASSAULTTrend over nine year period

34

SEXUAL ASSAULTProvincial Overview-Actual

35

ATTEMPTED MURDERTrend over ten year period

36

ATTEMPTED MURDERProvincial Overview

37

ASSAULT WITH THE INTENT TO CAUSE GRIEVIOUS

BODILY HARMTrend over ten year period

38

ASSAULT WITH THE INTENT TO CAUSE GRIEVOUS

BODILY HARM Provincial Overview

39

COMMON ASSUALTTrend over ten year period

40

COMMON ASSAULTProvincial Overview

41

COMMON ROBBERYTrend over ten year period

42

COMMON ROBBERYProvincial Overview

43

ROBBERY WITH AGGRAVATING CIRCUMSTANCES Trend over ten year period

44

ROBBERY WITH AGGRAVATING CIRCUMSTANCESOverview of Provinces

45

46

Sub-Categories of Robbery

Aggravating

Consist of the following crime types:

Carjacking

Robbery – Residential

Robbery – Non –Residential

Truck Hijacking

Robbery of Cash-in-Transit (CIT)

Bank Robbery

TRIO CRIMESPercentage Change

47

CARJACKINGTrend over ten year period

48

CARJACKINGProvincial Overview

49

ROBBERY AT RESIDENTIAL PREMISESTrend over ten year period

50

ROBBERY AT RESIDENTIAL PREMISESProvincial Overview

51

ROBBERY AT NON-RESIDENTIAL PREMISESTrend over ten year period

52

ROBBERY AT NON-RESIDENTIAL PREMISESProvincial Overview

53

54

HIGHLIGHTS ON THE TRIO CRIMES Provincial breakdown (total & percentage change)

Province Carjacking Robbery residential

Robbery non-residential

TRIO Crimes Total Red

EC 955-0.1%

2 1715.7%

2 3696.8%

5 4955.1%

3

FS 234-9.3

87513.2%

97328.7%

2 08216.5%

2

GP 8 61016.9%

8 73110.6%

7 1874.0%

24 52810.6%

3

KZN 3 02921.5%

4 2554.2%

2 9514.5%

10 2358.9%

3

LP 4592.0%

1 181-0.8%

1 750-2.9%

3 390-1.5%

1

MP 81028.8%

1 1385.4%

1 76412.9%

3 71213.5%

3

NC 29-38.8.4%

14234.0%

30417.8%

47515.6%

2

NW 3905.4%

1 29021.1%

1 4937.1%

3 17312.2%

3

WC 2 2018.3%

2 560-0.5%

1 889-4.3%

6 6501.1%

1

Total 7 7 7 2

TRUCK HIJACKINGTrend over ten year period

55

TRUCK HIJACKINGProvincial Overview

56

ROBBERY OF CASH IN TRANSITTrend over ten year period

57

ROBBERY OF CASH IN TRANSITProvincial Overview

58

BANK ROBBERYTrend over ten year period

59

BANK ROBBERYProvincial Overview

60

61

Contact-related crimesContact-related crime includes arson and malicious damage to property. These two

crimes are closely related and involve damage to or the destruction of the property of

another (often in order to punish such a person or entity) - or to damage one’s own

property for the purpose of insurance claims.

• Arson

• Malicious damage to property

CONTACT RELATED CRIMESTrend over ten year period

62

CONTACT RELATED CRIMESPercentage Change

63

64

HIGHLIGHTS ON THE CONTACT RELATED CRIMESProvincial Overview

64

65

HIGHLIGHTS ON THE CONTACT-RELATED CRIMES Provincial breakdown (total & percentage change)

Province Arson Malicious damage to Property

Total Contract-Related Crimes

Total Red

EC 74810.2%

12 0622.1%

12 8102.5%

2

FS 186-29.8

6 652-11.9%

6 838-12.5%

0

GP 724-27.0%

33 299-3.0%

34 023-3.7%

0

KZN 699-15.3%

14 010-4.8%

14 709-5.3%

0

LP 484-21.0%

6 868-9.8%

7 352-10.6%

0

MP 260-9.1%

5 574-4.3%

5 834-4.6%

0

NC 149-13.4%

2 954-4.2%

3 103-4.7%

0

NW 290-7.6%

5 7740.2%

6 064-0.2%

1

WC 7813.2%

29 2160.0%

29 9970.1%

1

Total 2 2 2

66

Types of Contact-related

crimes

ARSONTrend over ten year period

67

ARSONProvincial Overview

68

MALICIOUS DAMAGE TO PROPERTYTrend over ten year period

69

MALICIOUS DAMAGE TO PROPERTYProvincial Overview

70

Property-related crimesProperty-related crime refers to crimes during which tangible property of an

individual or institution is taken by criminal elements without permission and in the

absence of the owner or custodian of such property. This type of crime includes

burglary at both residential and non-residential premises, theft of motor vehicles and

motorcycles, theft out of or from motor vehicles and stock-theft.

• Burglary at Residential premises

• Burglary at Non-Residential premises

• Theft of motor vehicle and motor cycle

• Theft out of or from motor vehicle

• Stock theft71

PROPERTY RELATED CRIMESTrend over ten year period

72

73

PROPERTY RELATED CRIMESPercentage Change

74

HIGHLIGHTS ON THE PROPERTY RELATED CRIMESProvincial Overview

75

HIGHLIGHTS ON THE PROPERTY-RELATED CRIMES Provincial breakdown (total & percentage change)

Province Burglarynon-res

Burglary residential

Theft of mv and mc

Theft out/ from mv

Stock-theft

TotalProperty-related

Total Red

Eastern Cape 7 7553.8%

24 3852.0%

2 7392.3%

12 1958.6%

6 0233.7%

53 0973.9%

5

Free State 5 011-3.8%

14 635-4.5%

1 588-9.0%

4 822-1.1%

3 6776.1%

29 733-2.9%

1

Gauteng 17 1734.6%

63 661-2.0%

27 6743.9%

45 2667.5%

98720.7%

154 7612.5%

4

KZN 11 253-3.5 %

41 013-3.3%

8 413-3.0%

16 854-5.8%

5 9594.0%

83 492-3.3%

1

Limpopo 7 288-1.3%

15 984-1.4%

1 017-11.6%

4 995-10.3%

1 95611.4%

31 240-2.6%

1

MP 6 1582.4%

18 5071.9%

2 208-0.6%

6 926-6.0%

2 86722.7%

36 6661.5%

3

NC 2 4039.1%

6 5180.8%

219-11.0%

2 911-1.7%

1 3561.8%

13 4071.5%

3

NW 6 04213.7%

15 9082.2%

2 068-0.1%

6 2936.4%

3 19222.5%

33 5036.5%

4

W C 12 535-6.1%

46 043-3.2%

7 381-11.9%

37 910-8.6%

8852.8%

104 754-6.1%

1

Total 5 4 2 3 9 5

76

Types of Property-related

crimes

BURGLARY AT NON-RESIDENTIAL PREMISESTrend over ten year period

77

BURGLARY AT NON-RESIDENTIAL PREMISESProvincial Overview

78

BURGLARY AT RESIDENTIAL PREMISESTrend over ten year period

79

BURGLARY AT RESIDENTIAL PREMISESProvincial Overview

80

THEFT OF MOTOR VEHICLE AND MOTORCYCLETrend over ten year period

81

THEFT OF MOTOR VEHICLE AND MOTORCYCLEProvincial Overview

82

THEFT OF OUT OF OR FROM MOTOR VEHICLETrend over ten year period

83

THEFT OF OUT OF OR FROM MOTOR VEHICLE Provincial Overview

84

STOCK THEFTTrend over ten year period

85

STOCK THEFT Provincial Overview

86

87

Other serious crimesInclude all Serious Crimes not mentioned in the above categories

• Other Theft

• Commercial Crime

• Shoplifting

88

OTHER SERIOUS CRIMESPercentage Change

OTHER SERIOUS CRIMESTrend over ten year period

89

90

HIGHLIGHTS ON THE OTHER SERIOUS CRIMESProvincial Overview

91

HIGHLIGHTS ON OTHER SERIOUS CRIMES Provincial breakdown (total & percentage change)

Province All theft not mentioned elsewhere

Commercial crime

Shoplifting Total other serious crimes

Total Red

Eastern Cape 24 4864.5%

6 5676.7%

5 408-4.4%

36 4613.5%

2

Free State 15 623-4.4%

4 51113.2%

3 2141.2%

23 3480.7%

2

Gauteng 97 633-4.8%

24 1472.0%

21 194-4.3%

142 974-3.7%

1

KwaZulu-Natal 42 577-2.3%

12 4058.9%

12 302-9.9%

67 284-1.9%

1

Limpopo 20 7584.2%

4 0247.8%

3 742-1.5%

28 5243.9%

2

Mpumalanga 18 4570.2%

5 1498.8%

3 4541.7%

27 0601.9%

3

Northern Cape 7 104-2.9%

1 1086.8%

1 40710.3%

9 619-0.1%

2

North West 15 677-6.4%

3 914-7.1%

2 176-0.5%

21 767-6.0%

0

Western Cape 85 957-6.6%

11 7256.7%

14 5577.9%

112 239-3.7%

2

Total 3 8 4 2

92

Types of Other serious

crimes

ALL THEFT NOT MENTIONED ELSEWHERETrend over ten year period

93

ALL THEFT NOT MENTIONED ELSEWHEREProvincial Overview

94

COMMERCIAL CRIMESTrend over ten year period

95

COMMERCIAL CRIMESProvincial Overview

96

SHOPLIFTINGTrend over ten year period

97

SHOPLIFTING Provincial Overview

98

99

Crimes Detected As A Result

Of Police ActionCrime detected as a result of police action is usually not reported to the police largely

deployment of law enforcement personnel and employment of intelligence. The

crime is usually recorded after the apprehension of suspects in connection with the

illegal possession of firearms and ammunition, drug-related crimes, driving under the

influence of alcohol and/or drugs and sexual offences detected as a result of police

action.

CRIMES DETECTED AS A RESULT OF POLICE ACTIONTrend over ten year period

100

CRIMES DETECTED AS A RESULT OF POLICE ACTIONPercentage Change

101

CRIMES DETECTED AS A RESULT OF POLICE ACTIONProvincial Overview

102

103

HIGHLIGHTS ON CRIMES DETECTED AS A RESULT OF POLICE ACTIONProvincial breakdown (total & percentage change)

Province Illegalpossession of firearms and ammunition

Drug-related crime

DUI and or drugs

Sexual offences detected

Totalcrimes detected

Total Red

Eastern Cape 204515.3%

17 7109.8%

6 090-7.0%

33728.5%

26 1826.0%

1

Free State 52712.4%

11 31417.6%

2 82815.5%

34637.8%

15 01517.4%

0

Gauteng 4 12614.6%

62 83713.3%

27 834-13.8%

60628.9%

95 4033.9%

1

KwaZulu-Natal 4 0002.4%

50 4298.8%

13 40311.2%

3 55838.9%

71 39010.0%

0

Limpopo 53316.9%

14 39327.7%

4 4206.7%

698-62.1%

20 04413.2%

1

Mpumalanga 1 13716.4%

11 51917.3%

4 20515.2%

41-55.9%

16 90216.3%

1

Northern Cape 10210.9%

5 13618.2%

7979.9%

49122.7%

6 08417.4%

0

North West 7358.4%

11 972-1.8%

2 562-0.8%

255193.1%

15 524-0.1%

2

Western Cape 2 9293.9%

107 37914.2 %

12 89510.0%

27413.2%

123 47713.5%

4

Total 0 1 3 2 1

104

Types of Crimes

Detected As A Result Of

Police Action

ILLEGAL POSSESSION OF FIREARMS AND AMMUNITIONTrend over ten year period

105

ILLEGAL POSSESSION OF FIREARMS AND AMMUNITION Provincial Overview

106

DRUG-RELATED CRIMETrend over ten year period

107

DRUG-RELATED CRIMEProvincial Overview

108

DRIVING UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF ALCOHOL OR DRUGSTrend over ten year period

109

DRIVING UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF ALCOHOL OR DRUGSProvincial Overview

110

SEXUAL OFFENCES DETECTED AS A RESULT OF POLICE

ACTIONTrend over six year period

111

SEXUAL OFFENCES DETECTED AS A RESULT OF POLICE

ACTION Provincial Overview

112

113

Core Business Diversion

CORE BUSINESS DIVERSION Public Order Incidents

114

PUBLIC ORDER RELATED INCIDENCES Peaceful: Break down per Province

NC

EC

115

PUBLIC ORDER RELATED INCIDENCES Unrest: Break down per Province

NC

EC

116

RSA

117

CRIME CATEGORY 2014/2015 2015/2016 2016/2017 Case Diff % Change

CONTACT CRIMES (CRIMES AGAINST A PERSON)

Murder 17805 18673 19016 343 1.8%

Sexual Offences 53617 51895 49660 -2235 -4.3%

Attempted murder 17537 18127 18205 78 0.4%

Assault with the intent to inflict grievous bodily harm 182556 182933 170616 -12317 -6.7%

Common assault 161486 164958 156450 -8508 -5.2%

Common robbery 54927 54110 53418 -692 -1.3%

Robbery with aggravating circumstances 129045 132527 140956 8429 6.4%

Total Contact Crimes 616973 623223 608321 -14902 -2.4%

SEXUAL OFFENCES

Rape 43195 41503 39828 -1675 -4.0%

Sexual Assault 6087 6212 6271 59 0.9%

Attempted sexual offences 2641 2573 2073 -500 -19.4%

Contact sexual offences 1694 1607 1488 -119 -7.4%

Sexual Offences 53617 51895 49660 -2235 -4.3%

Secret

Secret

RSA

118

CRIME CATEGORY 2014/2015 2015/2016 2016/2017 Case Diff % Change

PROPERTY-RELATED CRIMES

Burglary at non-residential premises 74 358 75 008 75 618 610 0.8%

Burglary at residential premises 253 716 250 606 246 654 -3 952 -1.6%

Theft of motor vehicle and motorcycle 55 090 53 809 53 307 -502 -0.9%

Theft out of or from motor vehicle 145 358 139 386 138 172 -1 214 -0.9%

Stock-theft 24 965 24 715 26 902 2 187 8.8%

Property-Related Crimes 553 487 543 524 540 653 -2 871 -0.5%

OTHER-SERIOUS CRIMES

All theft not mentioned elsewhere 360541 340372 328272 -12100 -3.6%

Commercial crime 67830 69917 73550 3633 5.2%

Shoplifting 71327 68786 67454 -1332 -1.9%

Other Serious Crimes 499698 479075 469276 -9799 -2.0%

17 Community-Reported Serious Crimes 1795947 1770626 1738980 -31646 -1.8%

CRIMES DETECTED AS A RESULT OF POLICE ACTION

Illegal possession of firearms and ammunition 15116 14772 16134 1362 9.2%

Drug-related crime 266902 259165 292689 33524 12.9%

Driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs 68561 76159 75034 -1125 -1.5%

Sexual Offences detected as a result of Police Action 6340 5830 6164 334 5.7%

Crime Detected As A Result Of Police Action 356919 355926 390021 34095 9.6%

Secret

Secret

END