Critical Literature Review

Writing Resources Center

http://wrc.uncc.edu

Writing Resources Center (WRC)Locations:

220 Fretwell109 Atkins Library

 Phone:

704-687-HELP (4357) E-mail:

wrchelp@uncc.edu

 

Web:http://wrc.uncc.edu

 Appointments:

http://rich65.com/uncc/

2

Purpose of a Critical Literature Review Establishes a foundation of prior research

Illustrates your breadth of knowledge

Discusses your position on the topic

Justifies why your research is necessary

Explains how your research contributes to the field

Keep an Open Mind

You may have to alter your topic if you have difficulty finding adequate information or are overwhelmed with information.

You may want to refine your topic as you read more about the subject and discover a niche to fill.

5

What to Consider as You Read

Note the General Nature of the Available Research

What research has been conducted?

What are the current trends in the field?

Scrutinize the Prior Research

Could the focus have been broadened or narrowed to yield more conclusive results?

Could the research have benefitted from a different methodology?

Was an idea overlooked or treated dismissively?

Identify an Area for Research

Is there a new problem to solve?

Is there a new solution to an old problem?

  Is there a need to re-examine an issue or continue work in an area?

Is this a breakthrough idea?

Writing the Review

6

Demonstrate a critical understanding of the work of others Provide fair, balanced information that addresses all sides

of the issue, including neutral or opposite perspectives Organize the text according to:

methodtheorychronologytheme

Rely on paraphrases and summaries more than direct quotations

Synthesize your interpretation of others’ work into a coherent, fluid expression of ideas

Synthesizing Information

Group like ideas together to form paragraphs and sections of the text

Present the research as an integrated representation of thoughts, not as a progression of sources

Weak Synthesis

Sexual harassment has many consequences. Adams, Kottke, and Padgitt (1983) found that some women students said they avoided taking a class or working with certain professors because of the risk of harassment. They also found that men and women students reacted differently. Their research was a survey of 1,000 men and women graduate and undergraduate students. Benson and Thomson’s study in Social Problems (1982) lists many problems created by sexual harassment. In their excellent book, The Lecherous Professor, Dziech and Weiner (1990) give a long list of difficulties that victims have suffered.

Neuman, W. Lawrence. (2003). Social research methods: qualitative and quantitative approaches, 5th ed, Allyn and Bacon, Boston.

Source: RMIT’s Study and Learning Centre

Stronger Synthesis

The victims of sexual harassment suffer a range of consequences, from lowered self-esteem and loss of self-confidence to withdrawal from social interaction, changed career goals, and depression (Adams, Kottke, and Padgitt, 1983; Benson and Thomson, 1982; Dziech and Weiner, 1990). For example, Adams, Kottke, and Padgitt (1983) noted that 13 percent of women students said they avoided taking a class or working with certain professors because of the risk of harassment.

Neuman, W. Lawrence. (2003). Social research methods: qualitative and quantitative approaches, 5th ed, Allyn and Bacon, Boston.

Source: RMIT’s Study and Learning Centre

Engineering Examples

Consult the bound dissertations housed in Atkins Library for examples more specific to engineering

Review the following websites for easily accessible samples on the Internet:

http://www.comcol.umass.edu/academics/deansbookcourse/pdfs/sample_lit_review.pdf

http://www.jstor.org/sici?sici=0022-0027%28199506% 2939%3A2%3C224%3AEIODAW%3E2.0.CO%3B2-2

Writing Tips

Include a strong topic sentence for each paragraph

Provide transitions between paragraphs or within paragraphs

Beware paragraphs that are too long or too short

Vary word choice and sentence structure

Avoid redundancy