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Crowdsourcing citizen feedback to promote public accountabilityKfW Entwicklungsbank

DIE International Workshop “The Internet and New Social Media in Democracy“Bonn, 8.-9. April 2013

Maja Bott, Senior Economist E-Governance

Sector & Policy Division Governance

Crowdsourcing citizen feedback to promote public accountabilityTable of Contents

1 Crowdsourcing - a new panacea for social accountability and governance?

2 How to bring demand- and supply-side approaches together: issues in project design

3 Opportunities, challenges and risks in a fragile state environment

4 Pilot initiatives under preparation

Crowdsourcing - a new panacea for social accountability and governance?

Crowdsourcing – a definition

Inhouse Outsourcing Crowdsourcing

ICT- Growth in sub-saharan Africa: Cross-country comparison of cellphone usage

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Burk ina Faso Ghana Malawi Mali Mozambique

Rwanda Tanzania Togo Uganda Zambia

555Source: Weltbank World Development Indicators 2010: Percentage of mobile phone subscriptions as part of the population

Mob

ile c

ellu

lar s

ubsc

riptio

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er 1

00 p

eopl

e

TogoTansania

Mali

Mosambik

Ruanda

Uganda

Ghana

Malawi

Burkina

Sambia

ICT- Growth in sub-saharan Africa: Cross-country comparison of internet usage

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Burk ina Faso Ghana Malawi Mali MozambiqueRwanda Tanzania Togo Uganda Zambia

666Source: Weltbank World Development Indicators 2010: Percentage of mobile phone subscriptions as part of the population

Inte

rnet

use

rs p

er 1

00 p

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Burkina

TogoMalawi

Tansania

Mali

Mosambik

Ruanda

Uganda

Ghana

Sambia

How to bring demand- and supply-side approaches together: issues in project design

KfW Investment Project

PubliceAccountability

Platform

Local Media / NGOs

City administrations

Watchdog on government actions

support citizen reports validation

Citizen

Mobilize citizen to report & broadcast aggregate citizen reports & city follow up

Send SMS with their report or opinion

Performance-Premia formobilising citizens

Performance-based infrastructureinvestment funding

for measurable local accountability

increase

Act / Follow up on SMS & send feedback

React / follow up via city council meetings, other Media (esp. local radio)

Local Governance Crowdsourcing-Process

Receive SMS on Follow-up

Project Administrator

Receive SMS

Runs platform (incl. data base)

Public archive for progress monitoring

Supply SideDemand Side

Feedback LoopPerformance incentives

Local Level Citizen Feedback “heat map”

Relevant Project Information

Project components and citizen activity

stats

Project Level PageO

n Tr

ack:

PR

OJE

CT

Leve

l Example

Opportunities, challenges and risks in a fragile state environment

Opportunities and Risks

In General:

› Ongoing e-Governance reforms in almost all developing countries

› Improved compliance & transparency -> Reduction of space for corruption / misuse of funds through public accountability processes -> government reputation increase -> potentially increased access to funding

› Project monitoring cheaper, broader & real time

› Synergies with other government – donor cooperation programs

For the beneficiaries:

› Enhanced transparency of public services & increased opportunities for participation

› Direct beneficiary feedback / dialogue

› Improved management of linkage / referral / follow up services by different actors

Opportunities

In General:

› Politically sensitive areas / Conflict potential

› Design flaws -> Cost explosions

› WeakLeadership -> Project failure

› Often: underestimated needs for capacity development

› Flawed process-/communication design -> Potential benefits cannot be leveraged

For the beneficiaries:

› Digital Divide

› IT-security and data recovery

› Privacy & Mobbing

Risks

Pilot initiatives under preparation

Pilot initiatives under preparation

Togo: Establishment of mobile-enhanced e-accountability monitoring-system by citizensfor three secondary cities as part of a new decentralisatzion / city development projectStatus: feasibility study

13

Rwanda: Establishment of mobile-enhanced decentralization project progress monitoring-system by citizens as part of an existing decentralisatzion projectStatus: project preparation ongoing

Benin: Feasibility Study on potential establishment of mobile-enhanced governance monitoring-system by citizensStatus: feasibility study

E-Governance contact at KfW:

LAa2Maja BottSenior EconomistSector and Policy Division Governance

KfW BankengruppePalmengartenstrasse 5–960325 Frankfurt am MainTelefon/Phone +49 69 7431 - 4410Telefax/Fax +49 69 7431 - 3568Maja.bott@kfw.de

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Thank you!

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