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CSC208 Management Infromation Systems . Siti Nurbaya Ismail Faculty of Computer Science & Mathematics, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Kedah | [email protected] | http://www.sitinur151.wordpress.com | | A2-3039 | ext:2561 | 012-7760562 |. Introduction to Database. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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CSC208Management Infromation Systems
Siti Nurbaya IsmailFaculty of Computer Science & Mathematics,
Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Kedah| [email protected] | http://www.sitinur151.wordpress.com |
| A2-3039 | ext:2561 | 012-7760562 |
Introduction to Database
Introduction to Database1.1 Introducing Database1.2 A Logical View Of Data 1.3 Primary & Foreign Keys 1.4 Relationship
3
1.1 Introducing The Database Data and information
• Data?– Raw facts– Building blocks of information– Examples:
• AHMAD• 20011545789• AM228• CSC208
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1.1 Introducing The Database Data and information
• Information?– Produce by processing data– Reveal meaning of data– Examples:
• 20011545789 is UiTM Student Number for Ahmad who is currently studying in Faculty of Administrative Science & policy StudiesUiTM Kedah and is registerfor CSC208 (Management Information Systems) subject for semester September 2012 – January 2013
1.1 Introducing The Database Data and information
How do data and information relate?
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1.1 Introducing The Database A Glance of Database Concept
6
matrixNO name
2009292768 Jefry
2009631908 Farah
2009451782 Thohier
subjectno description
ITS232 Database
BEL123 Literature
registerID subjectNO matrixNO
123 ITS232 2009451782
124 ITS232 2009631908
studentregistersubject
7
1.1 Introducing The Database What is database?
Database• A shared collection of integrated computer structure designed to meet
various needs of an organization.– It houses:
• End-user-data : raw facts• Metadata: data about data
DBMS DataBase Management System A software that enable user to define, create, maintain and control access
to database– Possible to share data among multiple applications or users– Makes data management more efficient and effective– Examples:
• IBM DB2, MS Access, MySQL, ORACLE
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1.1 Introducing The Database What is database?
DBMS allows
Create Databa
se
Create Forms
Create Report
s
Sort Data
Retrieve Data
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1.1 Introducing The Database What is database?
The importance of database:
• Manage interactions between end users and database• Helps make data management more efficient and effective• Its query languages allows make quick answers to add-hoc queries• Provide end users better access to more and better managed data• Promote and integrated view of org’ operations big picture
10
1.1 Introducing The Database What is database?
Advantages of database:
• control of data redundancy• data consistency• more information from the same amount of data• sharing of data• improved data integrity• improved security• enforcement of standards• economy of scale• improved data accessibility and responsiveness• increased productivity• improved maintenance through data independence• improved backup and recovery services
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1.1 Introducing The Database What is database?
Disadvantages of database:
• complexity• size (space)• cost of DBMS• additional hardware cost• cost of conversion• performance• higher impact of failure
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1.2 A Logical View of DataTable and Their Characteristics
• Table: – two-dimensional structure composed of rows and columns– Contains group of related entities = an entity set
13
1.2 A Logical View of DataTable and Their Characteristics
Table
Attribuite / Fields
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1.3 Primary and Foreign Keys3.2 Keys: Types
•an attribute (or a combination of attributes) that uniquely identifies any given entity (row) Primary Key
(PK)
•an attribute whose values match primary key values in the related table Foreign key
(FK)
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1.3 Primary and Foreign Keys3.2 Keys: Types
Foreign Key
Primary Key
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1.3 Primary and Foreign Keys3.2 Keys: Types
Foreign Key
Primary Key
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1.4 Relationship(1:1) (1:m) (m:n)
• Relationship is a logical interaction among the entities in a relational database.
• Operate in both directions• There are 3 basic relationship in a database;
(1:1)
• one-to-one• should be rare in
any relational database
(1:m)
• one-to-many• relational
modeling ideal• should be norm in
any relational database design
(m:n)
• many-to-many• cannot be
implemented as such in the relational model
• m:n relationships can be changed into two 1:m relationships
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1.4 Relationship(1:1) (1:m) (m:n)
m
1
1.4 Relationship(1:1) (1:m) (m:n)
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