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CSF 35104 FINAL YEAR PROJECT I

SEMESTER 1 SESSION 2019/2020

PROJECT REPORT

TITLE:

FUND MY BOOK

COURSE:

BACHELOR OF COMPUTER SCIENCE (SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT)

NAME:

MOHD SHAHIR BIN MOHAMAD SUHAIMI

MATRIC NUMBER:

BTAL17046545

SUPERVISOR

ENCIK AZWA BIN ABDUL AZIZ

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TABLE OF CONTENT

Chapter 1: Introduction 4

1.1 Background 4

1.2 Problem Statement 5

1.3 Objectives 6

1.4 Scope 7

1.5 Implementing and Planning 8

1.6 Limitation 9

1.7 Expected outcome 9

Chapter 2: Literature Review 10

2.1 Introduction 10

2.2 Related Research Paper 11

2.3 Crowdfunding Related With Peer To Peer Lending 13

2.4 Data Profiling and Data Mining 13

2.5 Logistic Regression Algorithm 14

2.6 Conclusion 15

Chapter 3: Methodology 16

3.1 Introduction 16

3.2 Project Methodology 17

3.2.1 Methodology Phase 18

3.3 Software And Hardware Requirement 20

3.3.1 Software 20

3.3.2 Hardware 21

3.4 Framework Design 22

3.5 Context Diagram 23

3.6 Data Flow Diagram 24

3.6.1 DFD Level 1 Login 25

3.6.2 DFD Level 1 Manage Project 26

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3.6.3 DFD Level 1 Manage Fund 27

3.6.4 DFD Level 1 Manage User 28

3.6.5 DFD Level 1 Manage Comment 29

3.7 Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) 30

3.8 Data Dictionary 31

References 33

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CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND

Once upon a time, the book industry in Malaysia was very popular. It is a thriving industry.

However, in recent years, the industry has suffered a drastic decline. This is due to various factors,

especially in terms of economic factors. Nowadays costs for printing and other costs of book

publishing are increasing. This causes new authors or small companies in the field to be unable to

publish their books due to insufficient capital. However, many books are still published, but they

involve only large companies and famous writer without thinking to the quality of the manuscript.

This is very detrimental to the book industry in Malaysia. Some new writers may have more great

ideas or talents but cannot show off. As a result, young talent or unpopular writers are ignored

even though their works are appraisable. Their idea is difficult to be accepted by mainstream book

publishers or might be considered as less priority.

Crowdfunding is the platform for Fund My Book project. Crowdfunding is the use of small

amounts of capital from a large number of individuals to finance a new business venture.

Crowdfunding makes use of the easy accessibility of vast networks of people through social

media and crowdfunding websites to bring investors and entrepreneurs together, with the potential

to increase entrepreneurship by expanding the pool of investors beyond the traditional circle of

owners, relatives and venture capitalis.

With the availability of Fund My Book, it can be a source of capital for writers to publish

their books. By using the crowdfunding platform, people can provide funding to writers in need.

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Fund My Book system will display information about writers in need of funds as well as

information on the book to be published. It also covers the amount of capital required. In

conclusion, the donor can know that the money he or she is donating is used correctly by the

recipient.

1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT

The book industry in Malaysia is very important. Although its performance is deteriorating,

it needs to be taken care of and repaired to ensure that the industry is not buried for a number of

reasons. Economic factors are one of the deteriorating factors of this industry, but they can be

restored.

New writers need to be guarded and harnessed their talent to keep the industry going.

Publishers can't just be concerned about profit alone. Various aspects need to be emphasized in

order to produce many talented writers while also promoting the Malaysian book industry and also

boost the reputation of Malaysia in the eyes of the world.

For donors, they are very concerned about some aspects. Especially in terms of the money

they donate. Nowadays, many donors are on the market and in the streets. however, donors cannot

guarantee the authenticity of the donated money. They may provide some documents as evidence,

but there are also counterfeit documents. It may be that the donated money is used in the right

direction and may be used in the wrong way. It is a sign of the donors and they are hesitant to

donate.

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In conclusion, the problems statement involves :

An increase in the number of writers and publishers of books suffering from a

shortage of capital to publish their books.

The decline of the book industry in Malaysia due to various factors.

Society is less aware of donation because it is to avoid being deceived by

irresponsible people.

The problem of dishonestly using donations is increasing.

1.3 OBJECTIVES

Every project developed must have objectives to be implemented in order to solve the problems

stated in the beginning. Thus, there are some objectives stated in this Fund My Book system. The

objective are :

I. To design a system that can be a source of capital for authors to publish their books.

II. To implement a system that can encourage people to donate to the needy book

author.

III. To evaluate a system that can ensuring the book industry is restored and thriving.

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1.4 SCOPE

The system focuses on the writers who need the funds to publish their books. It also provides

opportunities for donated who want to donate and at the same time help book writers in need. Fund

My Book is driven by two types of users: creators and backers.

Creators = The writer who want to publish their book and backers are the ones who fund them.

The author will display all information related to the book he or she wishes to publish in the system.

Backers = Can view, like and comment. Backers may also choose to donate to anyone in the

system. Before that, backers need to log into the system.

Admin = The person that need to approve or reject the project from the creators. Admin also can

delete some selected user.

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1.5 IMPLEMENTING AND PLANNING

Gantt chart is used to describe activities and time scale that involves in implementing this project

as shown in Table 1.1

Table 1 : Gantt Chart

ACTIVITY WEEK

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

1.0 Project Introduction Phase

1.1 Title Proposal

1.2 Introduction

1.2.1 Problem Statement

1.2.2 Objective

1.2.3 Scope

1.2.4 Limitation of Work

1.2.5 Expected Result

1.2.6 Submission and Correction

2.0 Literature Review

2.1 Introduction

2.2 System Technique

2.3 Research Technique

2.4 Submission and correction

3.0 Design and Specification Phase

3.1 Project Methodology

3.2 Software and Hardware

3.3 Framework

3.4 Context Diagram

3.5 Dataflow Diagram

3.6 Entry Relationship Diagram

3.7 Data Dictionary

3.8 Submission and Correction

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1.6 LIMITATION

The limitation is that since the company or individual has got the funds for free there is this human

tendency to take it for granted anything which we get free and the individual may not do hard work

to take the company to new heights which would have been the case if his or her own funds were

invested.

1.7 EXPECTED OUTCOME

o Can be a source of capital for writers to publish their books.

o Can help provide funding for writers with limited ability to publish books while also

stabilizing the book industry in Malaysia.

o Be a crowdfunding system that is trusted by the public and lacks any elements that break

the law.

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CHAPTER II

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 INTRODUCTION

Crowdfunding is defined as an open call over the Internet for financial resources in the

form of a monetary donation, sometimes in exchange for a future product, service, or reward.

Crowdfunding uses web technologies and existing online payment systems to facilitate

transactions between creators (people who request funds) and funders (people who give money).

Crowdfunding platforms, such as RocketHub, Kickstarter, and IndieGoGo provide opportunities

for anyone with Internet access to pitch an idea to their social network and beyond and to gather

funding to realize their work. Ideas span across fields and vary in scope, from a jazz musician

seeking funds to embark on a tour, to an academic looking for money to write and self-publish a

book, to a product designer. Crowdfunding makes use of the easy accessibility of vast networks of

people through social media and crowdfunding websites to bring investors and entrepreneurs

together, with the potential to increase entrepreneurship by expanding the pool of investors beyond

the traditional circle of owners, relatives and venture capitalis.

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2.2 RELATED RESEARCH PAPER

No Title Author Objective Description

1

“Crowfunding

Culture.” Wi:

Journal of

Mobile

Culture (2012)

Sara

Bannerman

• Crowdfunding

as a potential

tool for

cultural

funding.

• Provides an

assessment of the

problems and

potentials of

crowdfunding in

the context of

cultural funding

in particular.

2

Valuation Of

Crowdfunding

: Benefits And

Drawbacks

(2013)

Loreta

Valanciene

1 , Sima

Jegeleviciute

2

• To broaden

the body of

knowledge

about

crowdfunding.

• Strengths of

crowdfunding: a

chance to test

marketability,

accessibility of

capital, benefits

for communities

• Weaknesses

include

administrative

and accounting

challenges, the

possibility of ideas

being stolen,

weaker investor

protection and

potential for

fraud, also,

crowdfunding is

exceptionally

internet based, so

investors might

lack advice.

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No Title Author Objective Description

3

System And

Method For

Managing

Crowdfundi

ng Platform

Information

(2014)

Aleksandr

Feldman

• To analyze

the collection,

management,

and provision

of

information

relating to

various types

of investment

platforms.

• A user interacts

with the system via

a web interface.

• The system may

store credentials

and other

information, such

as net worth and

data about

individuals current

investments.

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Crowdfundi

ng Based on

Action.

(2014)

Jedidiah S.

Cohen

• Disclosure

relates to

crowdfundin

g, and more

specifically to

crowdfundin

g based on

actions by

users and

others.

• A crowdfunding

platform can

receive an

indication that an

entity has

completed an

action.

• Examples of

actions include

making a

purchase,

Subscribing to a

service, joining an

entity's Social

network, etc.

Table 2 : Literature review

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2.3 CROWDFUNDING RELATED WITH PEER TO PEER LENDING

Crowdfunding is related to peer-to-peer lending in which individuals bid on microloans

sought by individual borrowers [1]. Like crowdfunding, few peer-to-peer lending sites existed

before 2005. The largest peer-to-peer lending website is Prosper.com which has raised $74.85

million in funding since its inception. To increase the number of projects funded, a handful of

marketing and communication scholars find strategies, such as the use of hard information in

product detail [2], extended narratives and concrete descriptions [3], endorsement by group leaders

[4], and building strong interpersonal connections [5], influences project funding success, defined

as reaching the funding goal.

2.4 DATA PROFILING AND DATA MINING

Some method is used to make sure the system more efficient and better. Firstly is data

profiling. Data profiling is an often-visual assessment that uses a toolbox of business rules and

analytical algorithms to discover, understand and potentially expose inconsistencies in data. The

amount of data is only one side of the equation – data quality is important, too. Data that isn’t

formatted right, standardized or correctly integrated with the rest of the database can cause delays

and problems that lead to missed opportunities, confused customers and bad decisions. Secondly

is data mining. Data mining is the process of sorting through large data sets to identify patterns

and establish relationships to solve problems through data analysis. The benefits of data mining

come from the ability to uncover hidden patterns and relationships in data that can be used to make

predictions that impact businesses.

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2.5 LOGISTIC REGRESSION ALGORITHM

Logistic regression is a statistical model that in its basic form uses a logistic function to model a

binary dependent variable, although many more complex extensions exist.

Why use logistic regression? : Method for binary classification problems (problem with two class

value).

Figure 1 : Measure of the unique effect of X on Y

It models the log odds of response variable y as a linear combination of the predictors in X:

The model is fit using maximum-likelihood estimation across the n training instances:

The goal of logistic regression : To correctly predict the category of outcome for individual cases

using the most parsimonious model

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2.6 CONCLUSION

This chapter reviewed on the related research paper. Algorithm that used in this system is logistic

regression algorithm. This include two methods which is data profiling and also data mining. This

study is more to focus for the development and guide to the successful of the project. The selection

of accurate technique is very important to make sure that system is successfully implemented and

achieved the objectives.

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CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

3.1 INTRODUCTION

In this chapter, it will be discussed about the methodology that used to develop this system.

In this chapter, it will explain more detail about every phases that involve on this project

development and also state what the system requirement. For the design it explain more about the

system functioning, the method that used to build this project, the designing of database and the

interface that are build.

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3.2 PROJECT METHODOLOGY

Figure 2 : Iterative and Incremental

The methodology that is used to develop Fund My Book System is iterative and

incremental model. The process of iterative model is cyclic, unlike the more traditional models

that focus on a rigorous step-by-step process of development. It involves planning phase, analysis

& design phase, implementation phase, testing phase and evaluation phase.

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3.2.1 METHODOLOGY PHASE

PHASE 1: PLANNING

In this phase of software development, the system related information is gathered and analyzed.

The collected requirements are then planned accordingly for developing the system. Those

requirements of the system are studied and gathered. Discussion with supervisor is held to discuss

more about the system. During this phase, Gantt Chart will produce as a timeline that is used as a

project management tool to illustrate how the project will run.

PHASE 2: ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

In this phase, the details study of requirement for the system such as from the user, journals and

internet are important. There might be a change in requirement while in this phase to follow the

requirement that are gathered. An analysis is performed to point out the appropriate business logic,

database models and to know any other requirements of this particular stage. Then, it can start for

high-level and low-level activities. Moreover, the design stage also occurs in this phase of iterative

model, where the technical requirements are established that will be utilized in order to meet the

need of analysis stage. The coding for the system is decided and used to develop the system.

PHASE 3: IMPLEMENTATION

This is the third and the most important phase of the iterative model. Here, the actual

implementation and coding process is executed. All planning, specification, and design documents

up to this point are coded and implemented into this initial iteration of the project. To develop

Fund My Book System, the programming language that used is PHP and the server used is XAMPP

server. The database designed in MySQL.

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PHASE 4: TESTING

After the current build iteration is coded and implemented, testing is initiated in the cycle to

identify and locate any potential bugs or issues that may have been in the software. The system

need to be tested in order to detect any errors. It is also being tested to make sure the function is

working such as are the interface work and operate according to the what user need. The system

will also demonstrated to the user.

PHASE 5: EVALUATION

The final phase of the Iterative life cycle is the evaluation phase, where the entire team along with

the client, examine the status of the project and validate whether it is as per the suggested

requirements. After error detected, the system will be repaired. Evaluation is based on the user

feedback. There might be some feature will added or removed from the early planning phase.

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3.3 SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE REQUIREMENT

The project cannot be complete without software and hardware requirement. The requirement of

hardware and software are the most important part of the successful of the project. There are the

details of software and hardware requirement for Fund My Book System.

3.3.1 SOFTWARE

Software requirement of this project are:

I. Notepad++

For generate code for this system

II. XAMPP Server

Used for create the database of this system

III. Microsoft Office Word 2016

To prepare report of the system.

IV. Google Chrome

Platform to run this system.

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3.3.2 HARDWARE

Hardware requirement of this project are:

i. Laptop: Acer Aspire E 14 E5-476G-56GC

ii. Processor: Intel Core i5-8250U, @ 1.60 GHz up to 3.4GHz

iii. Memory: 8GB Ram

iv. Storage: 1TB HDD + 500 GB SSD

v. Operating System: Windows 10 Home Single Language

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3.4 FRAMEWORK DESIGN

This framework show how the system work in general way. It show the flow of how the user and

admin used the system. All the data in the system will saved in the database for the system. Figure

3 shows the framework for the system.

Figure 3: Framework design

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3.5 CONTEXT DIAGRAM

In context diagram, it explain the flow of the system based on main user and main process that

involve on the system functional. Figure 4 shows the context diagram.

Figure 4: Context diagram

Fund My Book process is at the center of the diagram. Three entities that Book Writer, Project

Funder and Admin are placed around the process. The Book Writer entity has four incoming data

that approved/rejected project, account confirmation, money transferred and report. Project Funder

has 2 incoming data that view the project and report. For Admin, it has outgoing data that give

permission to approve/reject the project.

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3.6 DATA FLOW DIAGRAM

Data flow diagram is a diagram that show the flow of the data on this system. It shows the data

will save on the database with specific table that created on the database. It also shows what kind

of information that will be input and output from the system, where the data from and stored.

Figure 5 shows the data flow diagram for Fund My Book system.

Figure 5: Data Flow Diagram

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3.6.1 DFD LEVEL 1 LOGIN

Figure 6: DFD Level 1 Login

The DFD level 1 Login is shown in figure 6. When book writer or project funder need to login,

they should enter their ID and password and the information will be verified. After that, the

database will check whether it is true or not. After success, it will notify the user.

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3.6.2 DFD LEVEL 1 MANAGE PROJECT

Figure 7: DFD level 1 manage project

Book writer can create new project. And that, they also can view the project. Admin can view the

project and approve/reject the project. All the database will stored in project record. The DFD level

1 manage project is shown in figure 7.

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3.6.3 DFD LEVEL 1 MANAGE FUND

Figure 8: DFD level 1 manage fund

Project funder can fund any amount of money to the book writer. Then, the detail of the fund will

stored in fund record. For bank, it will check the book writers’ bank account for update status.

After that, bank will update the total of fund from the project funder. Figure 8 shows the DFD

Level 1 Manage Fund.

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3.6.4 DFD LEVEL 1 MANAGE USER

Figure 9: DFD Level 1 Manage User

Figure 9 shows the DFD Level 1 Manage User for the system. Task for managing the user is for

admin. Admin can view user info. Then, the selected user that not has full criteria will deleted by

admin. The user information and the updated record is from user record database.

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3.6.5 DFD LEVEL 1 MANAGE COMMENT

Figure 10: DFD Level 1 Manage Comment

Every project funder can give comments on the project that they fund. They also can view the

comment. Every comment data stored in comment record. Figure 10 shows the DFD Level 1

Manage Comment.

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3.7 ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM (ERD)

ERD is a data model that shows a graphical representation of objects or concepts within an

information system or organization and also their relationship to another. Figure 11 below shows

the ERD for Fund My Book system.

Figure 11: Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD)

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3.8 DATA DICTIONARY

A data dictionary is a centralized repository of metadata. Metadata is data about data. Some

examples of what might be contained in an organization’s data dictionary include:

•The names of fields contained in all of the organization’s databases

•What database(s) each field exists in

•The sizes, e.g., LONG INT, DOUBLE, and CHAR(64), of all fields in the organization’s

databases.

•An explanation of what each database field means

Field name Data type Field size Explanation

User_id Varchar 20 User’s id

User_name Varchar 20 User’s name

User_password Varchar 20 Password

User_email Varchar 100 User’s email

User_address Varchar 100 User’s address

Bank_account Int 20 User’s bank account

Table 3: Data Dictionary for User

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Field name Data type Field size Explanation

Project_id Varchar 20 Project’s id

User_id Varchar 20 User’s id

Project_name Varchar 100 Project’s name

Project_description Text - Project’s description

Book_type Varchar 100 Book’s type

Project_goal Text - Project’s goal

Project_end Date - Project’s End date

Project_update Text - Project’s update

Current_money Varchar 100 Amount of money

Images Blob - Images

Video Blob - Video

Status Varchar 100 Status

Table 4: Data Dictionary for Project

Field name Data type Field size Explanation

User_id Varchar 20 User’s id

Project_id Varchar 20 Project’s id

Amount Varchar 100 Amount of fund

Fund_date Date - Fund date

Fund_time Time - Fund time

Fund_status Text - Fund status

Table 5: Data Dictionary for Fund

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REFERENCES

1. M. Lin, N. R. Prabhala, and S. Viswanathan, 2009. “Judging Borrowers By the Company

They Keep: Friendship Networks and Information Assymmetry in Online Peer-to-Peer

Lending,” in Western Finance Association 2009 Annual Meeting, San Diego, CA,.

2. M. Greiner and H. Wang, 2009. “The Role of Social Capital in People-to-People Lending

Marketplaces,” in ICIS 2009 Proceedings, Phoenix, Arizona.

3. L. Larrimore, L. Jiang, J. Larrimore, D. Markowitz, and S. Gorski, “Peer to Peer Lending,

2011. : The Relationship Between Language Features, Trustworthiness, and Persuasion

Succes,” Journal of Applied Communication Research, vol. 39, pp. 19-37.

4. J. Ryan, K. Reuk, and C. Wang,2007. “To Fund Or Not To Fund: Determinants of Loan

Fundability in the Prosper.com Marketplace,” .

5. T. Besley and S. Coates, 1995. “Group lending, repayment incentives, and social

collateral,” Journal of Development Economics, vol. 46.

6. Henry Sauermann, Chiara Franzoni and Kourosh Shafi , 2019. - Crowdfunding scientific

research: Descriptive insights and correlates of funding success.

7. Schwienbacher, A., Larralde, B., 2010. Crowdfunding of small entrepreneurial ventures.

SSRN Electronic Journal.

8. Belleflamme, P., Lambert, T., Schwienbacher, A., 2012. Crowdfunding: Tapping the Right

Crowd. SSRN eLibrary.

9. Kuppuswamy, V., Bayus, B.L., 2013. Crowdfunding creative ideas: the dynamics of

project backers in kickstarter. SSRN Electronic Journal.

10. Agrawal, A., Catalini, C., Goldfarb, A., 2010. The geography of crowdfunding. SSRN

Electronic Journal

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11. Burtch, G., Ghose, A., Wattal, S., 2011. An empirical examination of the antecedents and

consequences of investment patterns in crowd-funded markets. SSRN Electronic Journal.