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Cucumber Cropping Systems: Impacts on Weeds, Yield and Fruit Quality. Mathieu Ngouajio. Ohio GLVWG Feb 24, 2005. 2003 production in 1000 tons. U.S. Pickling Cucumber Production. 2003 U.S. acreage: 119,000 A Total Value: $178 million. Wide rows - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Cucumber Cropping Systems: Impacts on Weeds, Yield and
Fruit Quality
Ohio GLVWG Feb 24, 2005
Mathieu NgouajioMathieu Ngouajio
IN , 10.1 (2%)
Other States , 162.37 (25%)
MI , 180.9 (27%)NC, 80.04 (12%)
FL, 70.85 (11%)
TX, 42.4 (7%)
WI, 36.08 (6%)
OH, 27.94 (4%)
MD, 19.35 (3%)
SC, 18.4 (3%)
2003 production in 1000 tons
2003U.S. acreage: 119,000 A
Total Value: $178 million
Wide row spacing is Wide row spacing is one of the strategies one of the strategies proposed for proposed for management of management of Phytophthora in Phytophthora in picklespickles
Wide rows Wide rows Decrease relative Decrease relative
humidity within the humidity within the plant canopyplant canopy
Allow the soil to dry Allow the soil to dry fasterfaster
Low plant PopulationLow plant Population Low Yield?Low Yield?
Grower Row spacing (inches)
In row spacing (inches)
Plant population(plants/acre)
1 11 6.0 89,000
2* 14 3.0 150,000
3 18 4.8 72,000
4 30 4.7 45,000
5 30 6.0 35,000* Data from Research Station
Row spacing and plant populations used formachine harvest cucumbers in Michigan
Spacing used in Michigan: 11 to 30 inch rowsPlant populations: 35,000 to 150,000 plants/acre
Row spacing used in other states
State Row spacing (inches)
In row spacing (inches)
Plant population(plants/acre)
Kentucky 12-28 4-6 37,000-130,000
Maryland 20-28 2-3 75,000-150,000
North Carolina 24-28 3-5 45,000- 87,000
Oregon 18-30 2-4 75,000-120,000
Michigan 11-30 3-6 35,000-150,000
OhioOhio 36-4836-48 2-32-3 45,000-87,00045,000-87,000
Is the Ohio Information accurate?Is the Ohio Information accurate?
Source: Crop profiles mainly
Row spacing varies: From State to State From grower to grower within a State
Rows are: Narrower for machine harvest Wider for hand pick cucumbers
Low plant PopulationLow plant Population Low Yield?Low Yield?
Is it possible to increase row Is it possible to increase row spacing (reduce populations) and spacing (reduce populations) and maintain acceptable yield and fruit maintain acceptable yield and fruit quality?quality?
Between Row spacing In row spacing Target Populations/A
30” (76.2 cm)
6” (15.2 cm) 35,000
5” (12.7 cm) 41,000
4” (10.2 cm) 52,000
24” (61.0 cm) 6” 43,000
5” 52,000
4” 65,000
18” (45.7 cm) 6” 57,000
5” 69,000
4” 86,000
12” (30.5 cm) 6” 86,000
5” 103,000
4” 130,000
Row Spacing Plants/A %
12 x 5 Inch 103,000 100
18 x 5 Inch 69,000 65
24 x 5 Inch 52,000 50
30 x 5 Inch 41,000 40
Ground Cover by cucumber canopy
Took digital Photos Took digital Photos of plotsof plots
Use image analysis Use image analysis software to software to measure % ground measure % ground cover cover
Canopy dynamics Fruit yield by grade Vine weight Fruit number Fruit Quality
-Specific gravity-Firmness-Brix value (soluble solids)-Color-Seed size
Between Row Spacing (BRS)
Specific gravity
FirmnessFirmness
(g/ml) Lbs/Sq inchLbs/Sq inch
12” 0.97 131 c131 c
18” 0.98 136 bc136 bc
24” 0.97 143 a143 a
30” 0.96 139 ab139 ab
2004 Pickle Firmness
114
116
118
120
122
124
126
128
130
132
134
Bare ground Rye Sorghumsudangrass
Hairy Vetch
Cover Crop
Fru
it f
irm
nes
s (l
b/s
q i
nch
)
Between Row Spacing (BRS)
Sugar ColorColor Seed size
% (0 to 5)(0 to 5) mm
12” 3.2 2.8 c2.8 c 2.2
18” 3.1 3.4 b3.4 b 2.1
24” 3.1 3.5 b3.5 b 2.2
30” 3.2 4.6 a4.6 a 2.4
0 55
12” rows 30” rows
Fruits are greener and firmer with wide rows
Fruits from cover crop plots are firmer
Thanks to the organizers of the CongressThanks to the organizers of the Congress