Upload
vanna
View
27
Download
0
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Cultural Evolution. Sources of cultural variation Proximal vs Distal Transmitted vs Evoked Biological vs Cultural evolution How do ideas spread? How have cultures been changing? Flynn Effect. Sweden – A dichotomous culture. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Citation preview
Cultural Evolution
• Sources of cultural variation
• Proximal vs Distal
• Transmitted vs Evoked
• Biological vs Cultural evolution
• How do ideas spread?
• How have cultures been changing?
• Flynn Effect
Sweden – A dichotomous culture
• Ideology: The body of ideas reflecting the social needs and aspirations of an individual, group, class, or culture
• Ethnotheory: The theories of a culture that inform and influence cultural practices
World cultures and life satisfaction
The Jante Law (Old Scandinavian value system)• “Folk theory” – 10 “commandments” for instilling in children self-
inhibition and conformity• Reflected in current Swedish “personality” traits – humility, lack
of confidence, shyness
1. Du skal ikke tro at du *er* noe.Thou shalt not presume that thou art anyone [important].
2. Du skal ikke tro at du er like saa meget som *oss*.Thou shalt not presume that thou art as good as us.
3. Du skal ikke tro at du er klokere en *oss*.Thou shalt not presume that thou art any wiser than us.
4. Du skal ikke innbille deg du er bedre enn *oss*.Thou shalt never indulge in the conceit of imagining that thou art better than us.
5. Du skal ikke tro du vet mere enn *oss*.Thou shalt not presume that thou art more knowledgeable than us.
The “Jante Law”
6. Du skal ikke tro du er mere enn *oss*.Thou shalt not presume that thou art more than us [in any way].
7. Du skal ikke tro at *du* duger til noe.Thou shalt not presume that that thou art going to amount to anything.
8. Du skal ikke le av *oss*.Thou art not entitled to laugh at us.
9. Du skal ikke tro at noen bryr seg om *deg*.Thou shalt never imagine that anyone cares about thee.
10. Du skal ikke tro at du kan lære *oss* noe.Thou shalt not suppose that thou can teach us anything.
Child’s Rights• Right of inheritance –
regardless of gender• Right to inherit property
from the biological father whether or not parents are married
• Right to be wanted• Right to a healthy
prenatal environment (free prenatal care – ALL Swedes receive)
• Healthy perinatal environment (newborns)
The summer homestuga
• Love of nature and tradition– Scandinavians invented orienteering; hiking,
canoeing, picking berries– Strong ties to farm life– Low power distance; horizontal individualists– Individualism = self-reliance
http://www.odebolt.net/stuga.html
600,000 in SwedenPrivacy essentialCommune with nature
• Individualism through self-development– Retreat to stuga for self-reflection, self-growth– Swedes are individualistic in order to promote personal growth, not gain advantages
over others– Swedes are insular; not as open, or “friendly” toward neighbors
• Equality– Allelamansratt – everyman’s right – camp, walk, canoe anywhere – nature belongs
to everyone– jamlikhet – egalitarianism – High level of feminism
http://www.lodgingcatalog.com
Leisure
More regular exercise, including elderly
No golf carts at courses
People used to walking everywhere
Skiing, Hiking, Camping – “Allelamansratten”
Computer use more popular among youth
Gardening
End of High School celebration – Norway and Sweden