Cultures in contact: SpainSpanish Immigration…PECI: SPANISH STRATEGIC PLAN FOR CITIZENSHIP AND INTEGRATIONhttp://www.mtin.es/es/sec_emi/IntegraInmigrantes/PlanEstrategico/Docs/PECIDEF180407.pdf

Topics: Immigration, Legal frame of migration, Integration policies in Spain and the European Union,…

1. Acceptance 2. Education

3. Employm.4. Housing

5. Social Services

6. Health7. Childhood and Youth8. Equity of treatment

9. Gender10. Participation

11. Social awareness12. Co-development

Cultures in contact

ACULTURA-TION

ASIMILATION INTEGRATION MULTICULT-URALITY

INTERCULT-URALITY

Changes and influences that occur in a culture due to its contact to another majority culture (de Herkovits, 1956).

Most of the times it involves the adoption of language, values, norms and cultural practices of the majority culture.

Proposal for the uniformation of the minority groups by the majority holding the powers of society.

First used in the US in the 1920’s to describe the process of integration of immigrant groups to the WASP culture (white, Anglo-Saxon, protestant)

Adaptation process through which:

The minority has the same rights, obligations and opportunities as the autochthonous citizens, without loosing their origin culture.

The majority has to accept and incorporate the necessary changes (institutional, ideological) for this to happen.

Orientation that reinforces the cultural diversity by recognizing it explicitly and publically.

Through the contact and interaction of the groups in the social sphere, the reality is modified and valued (Beltran, 2003).

However, it is a paradigm that has not yet been achieved in the public policies. Therefore, it remains as an ideal.

Cultures in contactINTERCULTURALITY AS A PROJECT:

- Valuing the ethnical differences of new immigrants - Open dialogue and interconnection between the groups.- Translation and intercultural mediation as strategies.- Promotion of heterogeneous society and mutual recognition.- Emphasis on the “affection community”, (antiracial and multilingual education, …)

Cultures in contact: ValenciaFOOTBALL AS A TOOL FOR INTERCULTURALITY

-“American Libertarian Cup” (2001)-“Integration Championship” (2002)-“Ecuadorian and Latin-American Immigrant Football League Rumiñahui”(onwards):

Integration of immigrants Psychological Refuge Public space for unity and participation Group and Individual recognition Positive psychosocial development (leisure) Reinforcement of family, neighborhood bonds.

“In order to find a place in the World, we need to wise up and use all the resources we have” (Levi-Strauss, La pensée sauvage, 1962)

Immigrant Football League (Valencia)However…

Huge economic efforts:* No public economic funding is conceded to this Football League up to now.* Impossibility to ask for bank loans due to the situation of immigrants (non documented immigrants

or “illegal”)

Autochthonous population claim that they make the parks dirty and they do hawking.

Tense relationship with the Public Administration, too.

Risk of segregation: isolation of the group: relatively closed micro-culture is formed .parallel spaces within the culture or ghettos. no participation of the autochthonous population.

“Collective wellbeing does not mean to force the several groups to be mixed up in the activities (e.g. sports), but it means to understand that each of these groups feels good being with whom they wish to be. From their own identity, they build up relationships with the rest of the community” (Heineman, Sports for Immigrants: A Tool for Integration?, 2002)

Football for Development and PeaceThe Global Nature of the Sport:• Very simple game to play• Rules of the game are simple and have changed very little• There are eleven positions in soccer which allows for people

of every physical condition to find a place on the pitch• Communication channels (especially radio and TV) have

prompted the expansion of the game globally• Football becoming a tool for national prestige and political

activismJerome Champagne, FIFA director for international relations

Football for Development and PeaceOrigins:• Football Hooliganism reached the most alarming crisis in

England in the 1980’s (violence, racism)• Emergence of an international community that used the sport

to address football-related violence (first in England through locally based associations to “educate” wild fans. This initiative quickly replicated throughout Europe in the late 1980’s.

• The media (particularly TV)• International organizations (FIFA, UN), governments, private

sector, which realized the power of the sport in promoting cultures of peace

Football for Development and PeaceFootball and Social Development Networks :

Football for Hope Movement (FIFA)• Establish a quality seal for sustainable human and social

development programs focusing on football as the central instrument in:

1- health promotion 2- peace building 3- children’s rights and education 4- social inclusion 5- the environment

Goals for Peace Project Principles:• Because its universality football is appealing to most youth• In addition to being a recreational activity, football may serve

educational purposes • Football integrates communities and provides a space for social

inclusion and participation • Positive behavior learned on the field may be replicated on daily life

Objectives: • Facilitate inclusion and integration of at-risk children • Foster self steam and empowerment • Challenge gender norms and promote cultures of peace• Enhance physical and mental health

Goals for Peace Project Modules:• Peace and conflict resolution (arts, Mandala, theater of the

oppressed)• Leadership• Teamwork • Compromise

Goals for Peace Project

• learned on the field may