Cumulative BSLB Catch from Mostly found within 80Km radius of Halifax Outside 80Km small numbers found except Glenholme (45) First find outside of NS in Kouchibouquac Park, NB in Km Established in NS since early 90s; spread rate of about 4Km / year Flight mill experiment average flown was 2Km with max of 15Km Movement of infested firewood & logs can spread BSLB; most finds outside the CA are near mills, ports, and campgrounds. Susceptible Tree Species Susceptibility ranking: Red > White > Norway > Black. All spruce species are susceptible: Spruce < 10cm in diameter are not susceptible; the larger the diameter the greater the susceptibility. Stands with any spruce are susceptible; the greater the spruce percentage the more susceptible the stand. Weakened spruce are more susceptible than healthy; vigorous stands are less susceptible than stands with slow growth rates or are declining. Trees that are stressed by other insects, disease, wind, fire, drought, etc. are more susceptible to attack & establishment. BSLB Lifecycle Photo by: S. Sopow Photo by: G. Smith Photo by: S. Sopow Fall/winter Summer Spring Typically a 1-year life cycle. Healthy trees could delay development resulting in a 2-year life cycle. Adults emerge from May September with peak emergence in mid June. 95% of life cycle is under the bark; adults live for about 12 to 14 days. BSLB tends to re-infest the tree and once established the tree will die within 3 to 5 years. Can survive mean winter temperatures of -21C (native to western Siberia) Avg= 28.3 Min= 0.0 Max= 58.8 Avg= 21.1 Min= 0.0 Max= 54.7 Avg= 29.4 Min= 0.0 Max= 100 Avg= 33.2 Min= 0.0 Max= 100 Avg= 24.2 Min= 10.7 Max= 54.1 Avg= 27.0 Min= 13.6 Max= 54.1 Criteria: 1. Newly dead (1 year max) measured in Heavy and light unexplained resin 3. Tetropium sp. exit holes 4. Includes trees killed by BSLB in N=14N=40 N=8 Avg= 31.8 Min= 0.0 Max= 65.3 Avg= 28.5 Min= 13.6 Max= 53.7 Avg= 36.8 Min= 3.4 Max= 100 Avg= 31.9 Min= 0.0 Max= 68.4 Avg= 37.6 Min= 3.2 Max= 100 Avg= 25.9 Min= 3.2 Max= 43.9 BSLB Impacts