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Distributed Utility Shuttle Technology
John RazzanoASTE 527Fall 2010
Current NeedAging space shuttle fleet’s retirement is
imminent
If the ISS is going to continue operation there needs to be a replacement to get humans to orbit fast and reliably
Why waste all engineering and infrastructure currently in place for shuttle?
With a burgeoning worldwide space industry a global network of advanced air and space ports will be needed to manage the increased number of flights
DUSTMerge past, existing, and future technologies to
revamp the space shuttle program in 3 step process: Combine American Space Shuttle, Russian Buran, and
current technologiesCreate multiple versions of the shuttle, i.e. passenger
travel, scientific missions, cargo transport etc. Distribute manufacturing and communications around
the world Allow space faring and developing nations to work
together in a similar fashion as the ISS Incorporate private industry for cargo transport and
point-to-point earth travel
Not just a vehicle but a globalized architecture
Space Shuttle ProgramReusable high
payload capacity vehicle
Large, complex support system already in place
Expensive program that requires large long term investment
Total thrust of about 12,500 kN
Shuttle MythsCapsules are cheaper than STS
Currently capsules carry 3-4 crew STS capable of 8 up to 12 perhaps
Shuttle MythsShuttle concept and architecture is unsafe
Although ET and SRBs have failed in the past, the orbiter is the safest vehicles
Smooth ride and re-entry that capsules can never offer
STS evolution is expensive - Is it cheaper to start from clean slate and look for new paradigms or cheaper to insert new and maturing technologies into STS architecture
Shuttle is very expensive compared to capsules With a higher payload capacity is it really more
expensive when compared to these smaller vehicles
Soviet Buran Program Single liquid booster stage
Much smoother launch than the SRB provide on the space shuttle
Most powerful rocket ever created, 29,000 to 32,000 kN
Orbiter does not boost itself into orbit
Booster stage burns up on reentry
Only flown once program cancelled shortly after
Past, Current, and Latest Technologies
SSME is one of the best cryo systems ever made so why change it?
Utilize the Buran liquid booster system Russian Energia (heavy lifting system) can provide
smoother flight and more control than SRBs Capable of lifting 100 metric tons into orbit
The flight testing and design work has already been completed, no need to create a new vehicle and spend time and money doing this again
Update the foam insulation on the space shuttle with latest technology to prevent damage that has occurred in the past
Variations
Private IndustryCorporations such as
SpaceX and Virgin Galactic
Used for point-to-point suborbital travel and earth to LEO (ISS) cargo transportation
How to Build It?:Global Manufacturing
Instead of building the complete aircraft from the ground up in the traditional manner, final assembly would employ just 800 to 1,200 people to join completed subassemblies and to integrate systems
Boeing assigned its global subcontractors to do more assembly themselves and deliver completed subassemblies to Boeing for final assembly Intended to result in a leaner and simpler assembly
line and lower inventory Pre-installed systems reducing final assembly time
by three-quarters to three days.
Case Study: Boeing 787 Global Supply Chain
Unforeseen Problems Intended to shorten the production process,
787 subcontractors initially had difficulty completing the extra work They could not procure the needed parts, perform
the subassembly on schedule, or both, leaving remaining assembly work for Boeing to complete as "traveled work”
From the beginning of 2007 to 2008 the program was delayed 4 times
Global NetworkNetwork of worldwide spaceports built in
countries throughout the world
Will start in the more developed world and spread to countries that are part of the manufacturing network
Private corporations will be brought in main for cargo transport and point-to-point earth transport
Updated Global Tracking and Data Relay Satellite (TDRS)
First put into service in 1983
Goal to increase the amount of time that spacecraft were in communication with the ground and improve the amount of data that could be transferred3
Third generation network beginning to come online within the next 5 years
Global FAA needed
Way Forward Similar to ISS develop
global coalition to build and develop new shuttle program
Distribute the work throughout the world Perfect the shortcomings
of the Boeing distributed manufacturing method
Allow developing countries to contribute heavily to the network and future ISS operations
Questions
ReferencesBoeing Unveils 787 Final Assembly Factor
y Flow." Boeing. December 6, 2006.
"Boeing's Big Dream", Fortune Magazine, May 5, 2008, p. 182. (online version).
http://tdrs.gsfc.nasa.gov/