Current News Analysis

14-11-2016

A. GS1 Related

B. GS2 Related

1. India, Japan wrangle over N-pact note

http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/deal-or-no-deal-india-japan-

wrangle-over-npact-note/article9341159.ece

Category: Bilateral

Topic: India - Japan

Key Points:

Indian and Japanese officials continued to wrangle over the legality of a document

signed as part of the nuclear deal during Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s visit to Tokyo recently.

The document indicates a link between nuclear testing and the cancellation of the

deal. While government sources say the document is not legally binding, a Japanese

official insisted the document had been signed by the nuclear negotiators in the

presence of Prime Ministers Shinzo Abe and Narendra Modi, and hence legally

binding.

The ‘Note on Views and Understanding’ which was signed directly after the nuclear

cooperation agreement contains contentious clauses that effectively allow Japan to

invoke an emergency suspension of supplies if India were to test a nuclear weapon,

and to contest any compensation claims from India in court. India has traditionally

refused to link its nuclear trade with pre-conditions on testing, holding it is a matter of

nuclear sovereignty, and instead giving a voluntary moratorium on tests.

In response to questions about the differences, government sources said the note is

simply a record by the negotiators of respective views on certain issues, given

Japan’s special sensitivities as the only nation to have suffered a nuclear attack.

The wrangling over the Indo-Japan deal, which was hailed as a landmark agreement

casts a shadow similar to the controversy over the Indo-U.S. nuclear deal in

January 2015.

2. SC sets up panel on night shelters

http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/sc-sets-up-panel-on-night-

shelters/article9341053.ece

Category: Judiciary - Supreme Court

Topic: Judicial reforms

Key Points:

The Supreme Court has asked the government to respond on the lackadaisical

attitude shown by authorities to provide sufficient number of night shelters to the

poor and homeless in the towns and cities of northern States despite the availability

of funds. The Apex court said a careful consideration of the submissions of parties

and the material on record discloses that the destitute in urban areas continue to suffer

without shelters.

Noting the disparity between the claims of the government and the adverse reports of

the National Legal Services Authority - NALSA, the Bench observed that the city’s poor shiver in the winter cold as welfare measures like the National Urban

Livelihoods Mission - NULM scheme continue to remain a distant dream.

The court directed that a Committee headed by former Delhi High Court judge

Justice Kailash Gambhir be constituted to verify the availability of night shelters,

including if they are in compliance with the operational guidelines under the NULM

and to inquire into the reasons for slow progress in setting up shelter homes by the

States/Union Territories.

The committee shall further inquire about non-utilisation and/or

diversion/misutilisation of funds allocated for the scheme for providing shelters to

the urban homeless. The committee shall issue suitable recommendations to the States

to ensure that at least temporary shelters are provided for the homeless in urban areas

to protect them during winter season. The State governments shall ensure

compliance with the recommendations along the time frame indicated by the

committee.

3. U.K. & France back UNSC permanent seat for India

http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/uk-france-back-unsc-

permanent-seat-for-india/article9341815.ece

Category: International

Topic: Expansion of UNSC

Key Points:

India’s bid for a permanent seat in a reformed U.N. Security Council has received a

strong support from many U.N. member-states, including the U.K. and France.

Among the large number of nations supporting a permanent seat for India and other

emerging powers like Brazil and Germany were two veto-wielding permanent

members of the Council, the United Kingdom and France.

India’s Ambassador to the U.N. Syed Akbaruddin lamented the never-ending

carousel of discussions on UNSC reforms saying it is time to break the impasse to

urgently reform the U.N. body that is unresponsive to the current global situation.

German ambassador to the U.N. Harald Braun, speaking on behalf of the G4 Group

of Brazil, India, Japan and Germany, said Council reform was an urgent matter,

saying the Council must be rendered fit-for-purpose in order to face the current global

challenges of peace and security. He added that all regions must be adequately

represented to ensure legitimacy and effectiveness.

4. Powerful earthquake strikes New Zealand

http://www.thehindu.com/news/international/powerful-earthquake-strikes-

new-zealand-tsunami-warning-issued-casualties-feared/article9343355.ece

Category: International issues

Topic: Disasters

Key Points:

A powerful earthquake that rocked New Zealand triggered landslides and a small

tsunami, cracked apart roads and homes and left two people dead, but largely spared

the country the devastation it saw five years ago when a deadly earthquake struck the

same region. The magnitude 7.8 earthquake struck the South Island in a mostly rural

area that’s dotted with small towns. Near the epicenter, it opened up snaking fissures

in roads and sparked landslides.

The quake caused damage in Wellington, the capital, more than 200 kilometers to

the north. It was also strongly felt to the south in the city of Christchurch, which was

devastated by an earthquake in 2011 that killed 185 people.

C.GS3 Related

1. Move to cashless economy a key motive behind notes ban

http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-business/move-to-cashless-

economy-a-key-motive-behind-notes-ban/article9341783.ece

Category: Indian Economy

Topic: Impact of Demonetization

Key Points:

The withdrawal of 500 and 1,000 rupee notes may have come as a bolt from the

blue. But it appears to be a part of a calculated process set in motion way back in

January 2014. The fulcrum of that larger process revolves around addressing the

twin menace afflicting the decision-making exercise of the economy managers. The

unaccounted pockets of the economy and illegal notes together combine to render

policy initiatives ineffective and redundant.

The Raghuram Rajan-led Reserve Bank of India had sought to crack the whip on

this way back in January 2014 by deciding to withdraw completely from circulation

all bank notes issued prior to 2005. It provided enough time-window for the public

to exchange these currencies. The apex bank had said then that these notes were legal

tender but must be exchanged for new ones from banks.

The idea then was to replace the older notes with new ones with hugely beefed-up

security features. By withdrawing these notes, the RBI, it was pointed out, wanted to

weed out fake notes in the system if any and also ensure that faking becomes difficult

and costly by introducing new notes with tighter security features. The withdrawal of

notes issued prior to 2005 clearly aimed at ending the fake note menace which had

far greater implications from security point of view of a nation. The recent

demonetisation of Rs. 500 and Rs. 1,000 notes must be read as a continuation of this

larger process.

It is not about how much black money government could catch. It is about how much

unaccounted money this could bring into the system. This move also must be read in

tandem with several other initiatives of the authorities - both monetary and fiscal to

force people to come on board and embrace the formal system.

A Series of efforts to have a connected web by linking Aadhar number, PAN

number and bank account and the like have all been carefully calibrated to push a

steady movement towards an organized system. The prevalence of a vast space

outside the organised sector, it is pointed out, is making things difficult for the policy

planners to offer precisely workable prescriptions. On many an occasion, the RBI

bosses have stressed this limiting factor. Given all these, the de-monetisation cannot

be treated as an isolated exercise but must be viewed as a larger effort to push the

society into a cashless one.

Viewed from a holistic perspective, the latest move should be judged by the efficacy

or otherwise of the system to capture all sorts of financial transactions - small and

big ones alike. Hopefully, this could help bring in a sense of fairness and equity in the

economy. At the same time, one expects this to facilitate policy formulators arriving

at reasonably accurate diagnosis for the ills of the economy in a dynamic situation.

Card usage surges, micro-lending grinds to a halt –

The country’s micro finance sector (MFI), which essentially extends small loans to

the poor and weaker section of the society, is one of the worst hit by the

demonetisation move of the Centre. The micro finance sector extends loans and well

as accepts repayments in cash. With Rs.500 and Rs.1,000 notes being demonetised,

both business and recovery of loans have been impacted badly.

Microfinance Institutions Network (MFIN), the self regulatory body of micro

lenders has written to both the Finance Ministry as well as the banking regulator for

allowing them to accept Rs.500 and Rs.1, 000 bank notes.

Centre’s demonetisation move has led to a spike in the usage of debit and credit cards, especially in the small ticket size segment as currency notes are increasingly

becoming scarce in banks and ATMs.

2. Pune-based IISER researchers fabricate a flexible nanogenerator for wearable

electronics

http://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/science/pune-researchers-fabricate-a-

flexible-nanogenerator-for-wearable-electronics/article9338633.ece

Category: S&T

Topic: IISER Research

Key Points:

Researchers from Pune’s Indian Institute of Science Education and Research

(IISER) and the National Chemical Laboratory have produced a Nano-generator by

electrospinning a piezoelectric polymer directly into a flexible, conducting carbon

cloth. The carbon cloth was produced by the researchers by heating a piece of cotton

cloth at 800 degree C for several hours in an inert atmosphere.

Producing wearable electronics that uses a portable nanogenerator which generates

electric power when pressure or twist is applied got a shot in the arm. The

nanogenerator, which was fabricated by the researchers, produced 14 volts when

thumb pressure was applied.

Currently, there is considerable research emphasis to develop flexible or wearable

devices. Such devices should be portable, lightweight, shock-resistant, and

inexpensive. And the devices should ideally be powered by harvesting easily

available mechanical or vibration energy, making battery or related wiring redundant.

Piezoelectric materials, which can generate electrical power locally through stress or

flexing, are a great proposition in this regard.

To improve the piezovoltage of the polymer fibres, the researchers coated the fibres

with a stronger, inorganic ferroelectric material - BaTiO3 paste. In addition, the

ferroelectric material was also incorporated into the polymer to further enhance the

piezoelectric property. This was done right when the polymer was electrospun.

3. New light on dark matter

http://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/science/new-light-on-dark-

matter/article9338604.ece

Category: S&T

Topic: Space Research

Key Points:

German and Hungarian scientists have thrown some light on a type of dark matter

particle that has been postulated, known as the Axion. Dark matter is as mysterious as

it sounds, very little is known about; it makes up about 85 per cent of all the matter

in the universe.

The Scientists have established that Axions can have a mass between 50 and 1500

micro electron volts, making them some 10 billion times lighter than the electron. An

interesting fact is that these calculations were done numerically using a Bluegen/Q

super computer - JuQueen, housed in the Julich Supercomputer Centre in

Germany.

Dark matter is so known because it interacts weakly with matter and so is

notoriously difficult to detect. Yet, indirect proof of its existence comes from

observation of rapidly rotating galaxies, which cannot be held together merely by the

gravitational pull of the matter they contain there has to be a lot of invisible stuff

known as dark matter to prevent them from flying apart with the force of their own

energies. Such inferences imply that nearly 85 per cent of the universe is made of

dark matter; the known matter only contributes 15 per cent.

Several candidate particles have been postulated that may constitute dark matter -

both highly massive and lightweight but none of the experiments have detected any

such particle so far, directly. Axions are particles proposed by extending quantum

chromodynamics (QCD) the theory that describes strong interactions, the way quarks

and gluons bond to form matter particles such as protons, neutrons etc.

Though they have been proposed and there are experiments to study them - for

instance, the Axion Dark Matter Experiment - ADMX, there has been no real handle

on these until now. The present work sets a mass bound on the axions, between 50

and 1500 micro electron volts. This would require that there exist ten million such

particles for every cubic centimetre of the universe. Also, because dark matter is not

evenly spread out, but occurs in clumps, there should be nearly a trillion axions per

cubic centimetre in the Milky Way our galaxy.

4. Indo-U.S. collaboration to focus on pelagic fish resources

http://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/science/indous-collaboration-to-focus-on-

pelagic-fish-resources/article9338579.ece

Category: S&T

Topic: Indo-U.S. Collaboration

Key Points:

The Ministry of Earth Sciences, India and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric

Administration - NOAA. U.S., are jointly working on a research collaboration

programme to use combined scientific and technical skills in enhancing the

observations of the Earth. The research would focus on prediction of pelagic fish

resources, especially sardines.

The small pelagic, Indian oil sardine, mackerel and anchovies, contribute almost

55 per cent of the marine fish catch from the south eastern Arabian Sea. Of this,

the sardine alone accounts for almost 16 per cent. Almost 90 per cent of the artisan

fishermen directly or indirectly rely on these fishes for their livelihood and so the

inter-annual variations in the availability of these fishes have a considerable impact

on the economy of the common men.

Increasing frequency and extent of harmful algal blooms in the coastal and

oceanic area of the Indian Exclusive zone is a cause for concern, as it disrupts

biogeochemical cycles and possibly enhances the oxygen minimum zones. This in

turn affects marine ecosystem processes such as energy flow and prey availability for

mid- and upper-trophic predators. Therefore, the understanding of formation

mechanisms of the harmful algal blooms, its spread and the environmental set-up

favouring their production is of utmost significance.

The institutions together would develop improved predictive capability for the small

pelagic of the south eastern Arabian Sea especially sardines and develop harmful

algal blooms monitoring and prediction system for the coastal oceanic occurrence.

There would be technological support and sharing of expertise for the development of

statistical forecast models on the abundance and distribution of small pelagic fishes

and biophysical models to relate plankton production to physical ocean dynamics.

D. GS4 Related

E. Important Editorials

The Hindu

1.The big deal with Japan

http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/editorial/the-big-deal-with-

japan/article9341052.ece

When India conducted its nuclear tests in 1998, Japan was the country that took it

the hardest: it put all political exchanges with India on hold, froze aid and

announced economic sanctions within hours.

A thaw in ties didn’t come until 2001, when sanctions were lifted. And then, in 2009, the two countries began an annual strategic dialogue. This has now come to fruition

with the signing of the nuclear cooperation agreement in Tokyo during Prime

Minister Narendra Modi’s visit. The deal is critical to India’s renewable energy plans.

Japanese companies that produce cutting-edge reactor technology were previously

not allowed to supply parts to India. In addition, Japanese companies have

significant holdings in their U.S. and French partners negotiating for nuclear reactors

now, and that would have held up the deals. This is Japan’s first nuclear deal with a non-signatory to the Non Proliferation Treaty and it recognises India’s exemplary record in nuclear prudence. It is indeed a much-needed moral boost as New Delhi

strives for membership in the Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG). The move will boost

the meagre, and dipping, bilateral trade of $15 billion, and lift the strategic military

and defence relationship.

There are several riders to this rosy prognosis, however. First, the nuclear deal has to

be approved by Japan’s Parliament. This will not be aided by unhelpful references

such as those made recently by Defence Minister Manohar Parrikar, about revisiting

India’s no-first-use nuclear weapons policy.

In Japan, Prime Minister Shinzo Abe may face criticism that he extracted too few

assurances from India on a nuclear test ban. In India, Mr. Modi may be criticised

for giving in too much, as a note slipped into the agreement now accepts an

emergency suspension of the deal if India tests a weapon.

The clock is ticking, and Mr. Abe must bring the deal to Parliament in early 2017

to ensure that the commercial agreement for Westinghouse’s six reactors in Andhra Pradesh that is due in June 2017 comes through. This will also coincide

with the next plenary of the NSG. Both New Delhi and Tokyo must also be wary of

the impact on Beijing of this new stage in their ties. China has been hedging against

deeper Japan-India ties in Asia by investing in its relationship with Russia and

Pakistan. As the two Asian rivals to China, India and Japan might need the

partnership even more in the days to come, as the U.S. President-elect has indicated

a lower level of interest in playing policeman in the region.

F. Concepts-in-News: Related Concepts to Revise/Learn:

1. Concepts-in-News: Related Concepts to Revise/Learn

Free Legal aid

National Legal Services Authority - NALSA

Demonetization

Micro-Finance institutions (MFI)

Pelagic fish resources

Dark Matter

Black money

Natural Disasters

2. BILLS/ACTS/SCHEMES/ORGS IN NEWS

BILLS/ACTS/SCHEMES/

ORGS IN NEWS

Links to Refer

Dark Matter

National Oceanic and

Atmospheric

Administration -

NOAA

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_matter

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Oceanic_and_Atmospheric_

Administration

3. Tags

Bluegen/Q super computer

NOAA

Demonetization

Practice Questions

Date: 14

th November, 2016

Category: Bilateral

Topic: Joint Collaboration on R&D Source: The Hindu Difficulty level: Medium Type: Factual

1. Recently, India signed an agreement with _____ to conduct research on prediction of

pelagic fish resources, especially sardines.

a) U.S.

b) Sweden

c) Norway

d) U.K.

Ans (a)

Date: 14

th November, 2016

Category: S&T

Topic: Space research

Source: The Hindu Difficulty level: Medium Type: Conceptual

2. Which of the following statements are correct regarding the dark matter w.r.t the Space

research?

(i) It makes up about 85 per cent of all the matter in the universe.

(ii) It does not emit or interact with electromagnetic radiation, such as light, and is

thus invisible to the entire electromagnetic spectrum.

a) (i) only

b) (ii) only

c) Both (i) and (ii)

d) Neither (i) nor (ii)

Ans (c)

Date: 14th November, 2016

Category: Indian Polity – Legal aid

Source: The Hindu Difficulty level: Medium Type: Factual

3. Which of the following statements are correct regarding the National Legal Services

Authority - NALSA?

(iii) It is a statutory body headed by the CJI

(iv) It is responsible for providing free legal services to eligible candidates and to

organize Lok Adalats for speedy resolution of cases.

a) (i) only

b) (ii) only

c) Both (i) and (ii)

d) Neither (i) nor (ii)

Ans (c)

Date: 14th November, 2016

Category: Multilateral organizations

Topic: G4 Source: The Hindu Difficulty level: Medium Type: conceptual

4. The main objective of the G4 nations is

a) Expansion of UNSC and its reforms

b) Non-Alignment towards the major blocs in geo-politics

c) International Financial reforms

d) Status-quo in UNSC

Ans (a)

Date: 14th November, 2016

Category: Multilateral - NSG

Difficulty level: Medium Type: Factual

5. Which of the following countries are not part of Nuclear Suppliers group – NSG?

a) India, Pakistan, China, New Zealand

b) India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka

c) India, Pakistan, South-Africa

d) India, Pakistan, China, Sri Lanka

Ans (b)

Comprehensive News Analysis

15-11-2016

B. GS2 Related

1. The breakthrough with Japan

http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/columns/the-breakthrough-with-japan/article9345876.ece

Category: International Relations Topic: India-Japan

Key Points:

Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s recent visit to Japan packed quite a punch:

from supporting India’s membership in the Nuclear Suppliers Group ( NSG) and rationalising the Mumbai- Ahmedabad bullet train timeline to the easing

of Indian student visas, training of 30,000 Indians in Japanese- style

manufacturing practices, and merging of India’s “ Act East Policy” with Japan’s “ Free and Open Indo- Pacific Strategy”

Even as Japanese business leaders and investors sought more “ free and open” investment climate and relaxation of land acquisition policies, Mr. Modi called for greater participation and engagement of Japanese industries in

India

The nuclear deal

But the signing of the civil nuclear deal was the biggest item on the agenda.

With this, Japan is making an exception to its rule of not conducting nuclear

commerce with any state that is not a signatory to the Nuclear

NonProliferation Treaty ( NPT)

Though this pact has been the subject of intense negotiations between the

two countries for the last six years, Mr. Modi and Japanese Prime Minister

Shinzo Abe’s personal ties managed to give it new momentum

Against the backdrop of China’s reluctance to support India’s candidacy for the membership of the NSG, the import of Indo Japanese nuclear cooperation

assumes great salience

This is a remarkable turnaround in many ways

After India tested nuclear weapons in 1998, Japan suspended economic

assistance for three years and froze all political exchanges

The former included halting aid for new projects, suspension of yen loans and

imposition of strict control over technology transfers

Tokyo called on the G8 countries to condemn the Indian and Pakistani

nuclear tests

2. Israeli President arrives on 6-day visit

http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/israel-president-reuven-rivlin-sixday-visit-to-

india/article9343436.ece

Category: International Relations Topic: India-Israel

Key Points:

Setting the stage for a prime ministerial visit from India in 2017, Israeli president

Reuven Rivlin arrived in India

The two nations are expected to sign 15 agreements. Before embarking on the visit,

Mr. Rivlin took to Twitter and wrote in Hindi that he would focus on industrial and

academic issues during his visit

Mr. Rivlin is likely to focus on agriculture cooperation between the two sides during

the visit

He is accompanied by Michael Mirilashvili, chairman of Watergen, one of the most

important futuristic companies of Israel that specialises in optimal use of water

resource

This is a special visit to celebrate our 25 years of diplomatic relations and we are

sure that India will fall in love with our loving and compassionate president,” said Anat Bernstein-Reich of India-Israel Chamber of Commerce

Mr. Rivlin is the second president of Israel to visit India in two decades

The first was Ezer Weizman who visited Delhi in 1997

Mr. Rivlin’s arrival will set in motion bilateral exchanges to mark twenty-five years of

formal diplomatic ties which was started in 1992 at the end of the Cold War

C. GS3 Related

1. Demonetisation and after

http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/editorial/demonetisation-and-

after/article9345884.ece

Category: Economy

Topic: Demonetisation

Key Points:

The long, anxious, and frustrating wait by people outside banks and ATMs

across the country over the last five days is an inevitable consequence of the

decision to demonetise notes of Rs. 500 and Rs. 1,000

The new Rs. 500 notes that hit the market on Monday could have been

released immediately after the announcement last week. Putting out new Rs.

500 notes along the Rs. 2,000 notes would have placed much less strain on

those of the Rs. 100 denomination, which are anyway in short supply

Second, it appears that officials woke up a little late to the issue of

recalibrating ATMs. At least a day, if not more, was lost as banks realised

the ATMs would not be able to dispense the new notes

The communication with the public, who were in a state of panic, could

have been better, too

Thankfully, the Centre has woken up to ease the pressure on the system by

increasing withdrawal limits, allowing for petroleum outlets and hospitals to

accept the old series of notes until November 24 and pushing more cash

through post offices

The worst- affected are people in rural areas and villages where cash is king

and the banking system’s penetration is poor

The decision to relax cash- holding limits for banking correspondents, the

crucial link between banks and villages, to Rs. 50,000 and allowing them to

replenish multiple times a day should help in faster distribution. This ought

to have been done much earlier

The cash crunch of the last few days is certain to have an adverse impact

on consumption spending, especially in the rural areas, with the resultant

effect on the economy in the third quarter

2. The tragedy of the commons

http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/delhi-and-pollution-the-

tragedy-of-the-commons/article9345865.ece

Category: Environment

Topic: Pollution

Residents in the already polluted Capital experienced something of a turning

point on Diwali

The belaboured, particulate- loaded air was further bombed with firecrackers.

Some described the scene as a war zone with active shelling

The act of burdening common air further was almost like an act of violence

While pollution and other environmental degradation have physical impacts on

people, their emotional and psychological costs are often overlooked

In Delhi, for instance, the anxiety of knowing that the air is deadly is

adding to the physical challenges of living there

The time to consider psychological impacts of environmental degradation surely

is now

Inaction costs us

The environment is our habitat, and we make interventions in it for

habitation — air conditioning, heating, sunshades, and now, air purifiers

and air pollution masks. Dangers in the environment, such as pollution, are

usually looked at as medical cases

Sometimes, compensation is meted out for long term environmental damage or

spills

But the very idea of compensation following damage is transactional — it

suggests something broken can be healed

However, in the case of environmental damage the issue is more

problematic

It is difficult to compute the extent of environmental damage to both people

as well as ecosystems

It has also proved difficult to understand the costs society is likely to have in

the future

This has given rise to the idea of Precautionary Principle, which

suggests not carrying out an activity that is likely to seriously harm

the environment

Moving from a traditional view of paying for environmental damage after it

has occurred, new approaches are trying to suggest what scenarios would

occur if pollution or damage is caused ( before it occurs), and subsequently,

understanding the costs of inaction on the environmental front

A 2013 World Bank report said environmental degradation cost India 5.7 per

cent of its GDP in 2009

The report concluded that environmental degradation is actively harming the

economy

In terms of prevention, it made another equally important observation: after

a certain point of environmental degradation, clean- up becomes cripplingly

expensive, as we are witnessing in rivers Yamuna and Ganga today

Collective responsibility

Much of the Swachh Bharat ( Clean India) campaign focusses on not just

governance and municipal responsibility, but also personal habits

People are extolled not to litter, spit or destroy the environment

To a limited extent, the issue of tackling air pollution is also about individual

habits

Getting pollution checks on personal vehicles, not causing garbage fires and

not burning firecrackers are some of the most common ways individuals

combat air pollution

The only option out for public policy for environmental damage is to place

strong emphasis on individual and social cost of inaction

Further, the psychological costs of inaction have to be better explained

This could be through public announcements, popular outreach and education

D. GS4 Related

D. Important Editorials

Livemint: Improving India’s job creation ranking

http://www.livemint.com/Opinion/Nbr8ICcpgJbJJrBgyBROwJ/Improving-Indias-job-creation-ranking.html

Category: Indian Economy

Topic: Employment

Key Points:

This is the season of rankings

In the past few months, several reputed international organizations have assessed,

compared and ranked the performance of countries on different indicators on issues like

competitiveness, ease of doing business, hunger, youth development, gender gap, press

freedom and consumer confidence

There is none specifically on job creation

India has exceeded expectations on some, and has performed not so well on others

For instance, the World Economic Forum (WEF) ranked India at the 39th position on the

Global Competitiveness Index, an impressive jump of 16 places in a year

Despite such a jump, WEF cautions that India’s performance is low by global standards, and huge challenges lie ahead on the path to prosperity

This is reflected in the high average tariff that India is maintaining on its imports, low

level of factor accumulation, and relatively high incremental capital-output ratio

Among other factors, this is also due to a less than optimal domestic regulatory

environment and near absence of regulatory harmonization

This is one of the reasons why India moved up by only one notch on the World Bank’s recent ease of doing business ranking

However, the bank has recognized the government’s efforts towards a better business

growth environment

Also, India’s performance on social, education and health-related indices has been

abysmal. The WEF report on global gender gap reveals that on the indicator of women’s health, India is third last

Similarly, on the global hunger index, India lies among the bottom group of countries,

even below neighbours like Nepal, Myanmar and Bangladesh

Job creation

The number of jobs created in 2015 is much less than what it was a few years ago

As mechanization of agriculture and manufacturing is moving at a faster pace and the

services sector is becoming more skill-oriented, fewer jobs are being created which can

match the existing skill level of the vast majority

Consequently, it is not difficult to surmise that while India’s gross domestic product (GDP) is growing, such growth is increasingly becoming exclusionary.

India’s poor have traditionally been dependent on agriculture and manufacturing, which

have ceased to offer large-scale employment opportunities

Lack of quality and affordable healthcare and education robs the poor of opportunity to

compete with their well-off counterparts in the job market

As a result, the poor get stuck in unproductive agricultural activities and are under-

employed in the informal sector

All these challenges have resulted in India remaining a low middle-income country over

the last couple of decades

In order to improve its status to first become a high middle-income and then a high-

income country, it has to overcome the challenges of the middle-income trap

The two most important components on which the Indian economy should focus to create

jobs over the next few years are productive agriculture and mass manufacturing

Livemint: A large accumulation of small defeats http://www.livemint.com/Opinion/VJESo9Y5FnOk9SW84tYpbL/A-large-accumulation-of-small-defeats.html

Category: Environment

Topic: Pollution

Key Points:

The toxic haze that enveloped Delhi for two weeks after Diwali has diminished

But it would be foolhardy to think the moment has passed

How do we go on from here, knowing that next year, too, farmers will burn crop stubble,

people will burn garbage and burst Diwali firecrackers, diesel generators will remain in

use, environmentally harmful industry practices will prevail and private vehicles will still

be the preferred means of transport?

India produces about 62 million tonnes of solid waste annually, of which 75-80% is

collected, and only 22-28% is treated

The rest lands up in open dumpyards and landfills or is burnt

According to a 2016 study by the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, on Delhi’s air quality, the burning of municipal solid waste accounts for 7-8% of particulate matter

pollution

Landfills, on the other hand, release noxious methane fumes into the air and leachates

into the groundwater, presenting a permanent challenge to tackling pollution in cities

Yet landfills continue to be overlooked by flagship policies

The Swachh Bharat (Urban) scheme focuses on water, sanitation and hygiene, with scant

attention being paid to the solid waste coagulating unchecked in landfills

The National Urban Sanitation Policy 2008 was concerned with access to sanitation

facilities for the urban poor, but landfills remained outside that conversation

Landfills were limited to the ambit of the erstwhile Municipal Solid Wastes

(Management and Handling Rules), 2000

We need to move towards environmentally sound policymaking, and away from the

formulaic inter-governmental squabble that seems to pass for crisis management

Without this, a city, as Jeet Thayil describes in Narcopolis, isn’t much more than “a large

accumulation of small defeats”

F. CONCEPTS IN NEWS

1. Air Pollution

2. Black Money

3. Demonetisation

4. India-Israel

5. India - Japan

Tags:

Pollution, Civil Nuclear Deal, Demonetisation

G. BILLS/ACTS/SCHEMES/ORGS IN NEWS

The Companies (Amendment) Bill, 2016

http://www.prsindia.org/billtrack/the-companies-amendment-bill-2016-4232/

Practice Questions

Date: 15th November, 2016 Category: International Relations Topic: India-Japan Source: The Hindu Difficulty level: Moderate Type: Factual

1] Which of the following is/are true?

i. The Department of Industrial Policy & Promotion (DIPP), Ministry of Commerce & Industry, Government of India, has set up “Japan Plus”

ii. It is a special management team to facilitate and fast track investment proposals from Japan

a. Only 1 b. Only 2 c. Both 1 and 2 d. Neither 1 nor 2

Ans (c)

Date: 15th November, 2016 Category: Geography Topic: Pollution

Source: Hindu Difficulty level: Moderate Type: Factual

2] Which of the following is/are not correctly matched ?

i. Environmental pollution consists of five basic types of pollution, namely, air,

water, soil, noise and light

ii. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC), released from refrigerators, air-conditioners,

deodorants and insect repellents cause severe damage to the Earth’s environment which has also slowly damaged the atmosphere and depleted the ozone layer

leading to global warming

a. Only 1 b. Only 2 c. Both 1 and 2 d. Neither 1 nor 2

Ans(d)

Date: 15th November, 2016

Category: Environment Topic: Climate Change Source: The Hindu Difficulty level: Moderate Type: Factual

3] Which of the following is true?

i. The "Marrakesh Agreement" has no expiration date ii. Only 12 WTO members are parties to the Marrakesh Agreement

a. Only 1 b. Only 2 c. Neither 1 nor 2 d. Both 1 and 2

Ans(a)

Date: 15th November, 2016 Category: Economy Topic: Demonetisation

Source: The Hindu Difficulty level: Moderate Type: Factual

4] Which of the following best explains the concept of ‘Demonetisation’?

i. Demonetization is the act of stripping a currency unit of its status as legal tender

ii. Demonetization reduces the chances of hoarding of money, increase in parallel

economy and offers new ventures for producing fake currency in the economy

a. Only 1 b. Only 2 c. Both 1 and 2 d. Neither 1 nor 2

Ans(c)

Date: 15th November, 2016

Category: Geography

Topic: Israel

Source: The Hindu Difficulty level: Moderate Type: Factual

5] Which of the following countries does not border Israel?

a. Jordan b. Egypt c. Lebanon d. Iraq

Ans(d)

Current News Analysis

17-11-2016

A. GS1 Related

B. GS2 Related

1. Apex court refuses to lift ban on jallikattu

http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/apex-court-refuses-to-lift-ban-on-

jallikattu/article9354724.ece

Category: Polity and Governance

Topic: Judiciary

Key Points:

The Supreme Court rejecting the submissions made by the state government of Tamil Nadu to review a 2014 apex court judgment banning jallikattu.

The court further held that jallikattu had nothing to do with the exercise of the fundamental right of religious freedom.

The court maintained that it runs counter to the concept of welfare of the animal, which is the basic foundation of the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act of 1960.

C.GS3 Related

1. ISRO adopts drought-hit Brahmasandra to help farmers

http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/karnataka/isro-adopts-droughthit-

brahmasandra-to-provide-better-quality-of-life-to-farmers/article9353958.ece

Category: Science and Technology

Topic: Space

Key Points:

Antrix Corporation Limited, which is the marketing arm of the Indian Space

Research Organisation (ISRO), has adopted the Brahmasandra village in the Sira

taluk of Tumakuru district.

This initiative is an effort to improve the quality of life of farmers and prevent

suicides caused by acute financial distress.

It is important to note that since the highest number of farmers had committed

suicide in the (Tumakura) district’s Sira taluk over the past two years, a village in

the Sira taluk was selected for the project to prevent farmers from committing

suicides.

The project seeks to improve agricultural productivity in the village with modern

methods.

The main objective of the programme is to create a sustainable model village.

This model village will have hi-tech skills, infrastructure, assets, support services

and market linkages to make agriculture a profitable occupation.

Among the goals is the intention to promote a vibrant village development

committee for post-project sustainability.

2. ATM recalibration starts, more pain ahead

http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-business/atm-recalibration-starts-

more-pain-ahead/article9354611.ece

Category: Indian Economy

Topic: Govt. Policies

Key Points:

It is an uphill task to physically recalibrate each and every one of the almost 2.5

lakh automated teller machines (ATM) in the country to enable them to dispense

the new Rs.500 and Rs.2,000 denomination currency notes.

This might mean that customers may have to contend with a longer wait to

withdraw cash as banks shut many of the ATMs to complete the recalibration.

The recalibration will happen in two phases.

First, at the central switch of a particular bank and second, at the ATM which has

to be done physically.

ATM maintenance companies would have to insert cassettes which are configured

according to the thickness of the new series notes.

3. E-commerce firms see 30% decline in cash on delivery orders post

demonetisation

http://www.thehindu.com/business/Industry/ecommerce-firms-see-30-decline-in-cash-

on-delivery-orders-post-demonetisation/article9354147.ece

Category: Indian Economy

Topic: Govt. Policies

Key Points:

In the wake of the recent demonetization initiative by the Government, E-

commerce companies, including Snapdeal and Shopclues, have seen up to 30 per

cent decline in cash on delivery (CoD) orders.

But, they believe that demonetisation and the push for digital payments will boost

the sector in the long run.

This is because CoD orders being returned is one of their biggest “pain-points.”

D. GS4 Related

E. Important Editorials

The Hindu

1. Against the odds

http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/editorial/kashmir-unrest-against-the-

odds/article9354140.ece

Category: Governance, Internal Security

Topic: Challenges to internal security

Key Points:

Recently, Class 12 students turned up in large numbers for their school-leaving

examinations in the Kashmir Valley.

It is important to note that successful conduct of these tests is crucial not just as

a signal that normalcy could be returning to Jammu and Kashmir but also as it is

important to secure the school year for students.

More than 30 schools have been attacked in recent months — in fact, recently,

teachers managed to prevent serious damage when a school in Baramulla district was

set ablaze.

Going forward, it is critical that, the State government rallies teachers and parents

sufficiently to build a constituency to insulate the school calendar from disruptions

imposed on the Valley.

2. A challenge and an opportunity

http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/editorial/a-challenge-and-an-

opportunity/article9354138.ece

Category: International Relations

Topic: Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing countries on India’s interests

Key Points:

China and Pakistan operationalised the trade route this week of the CPEC (China

Pakistan Economic Corridor), which would connect Kashgar and Gwadar.

It is important to note that many of the infrastructure and energy projects that are

part of CPEC, worth an estimated $46 billion, are already under way.

Of this $46 billion, $35-38 billion is committed in the energy sector, in gas, coal and

solar energy across Pakistan, with the combined expected capacity crossing 10,000

MW.

Challenges that Pakistan Faces

Domestically, critics have questioned the project’s viability, and some have even

accused China of launching a second “East India Company”. There are the security challenges in the western areas near the Gwadar port,

where militants ranging from Baloch nationalists to the Taliban and the Islamic

State have carried out attacks.

Systemic challenges include project delays in the CPEC’s first year. The World Bank has warned that this could prove to be an impediment to Pakistan’s overall growth.

Also, unless the Pakistan-India tensions are contained, sectors of the project

could be endangered- where Pakistani troops are engaged in providing security.

Further, the economic slowdown in China and the political instability in Pakistan

could impact the project’s future.

China now sees CPEC as a physical link between its One Belt, One Road (OBOR) project and the

Maritime Silk Route (MSR). It is important to note that India has refused to be a part of either the

One Belt, One Road (OBOR) project, or the Maritime Silk Route (MSR).

India would need to take a closer look at the security implications of the China-Pakistan clinch that is

fast drawing in Russia in the north, all the way to the Arabian Sea, while China is also planning a

floating naval base off Gwadar.

3. White is the new black

http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/white-is-the-new-black/article9354144.ece

Category: Indian Economy

Topic: Govt. Policies

Key Points:

On November 8 itself when the Government had come out with its recent

demonetization initiative, there was frenzied late-night shopping till midnight

especially in the upmarket malls. This is indicative that some sections of the

populace had money hoarded from unaccounted activity and wanted to get rid of

it while it was still legal tender.

From the next day onwards, there has been a rush to the banks to exchange

currency notes and to deposit money into savings accounts.

The other development is the reported spurt in deposits in Jan Dhan accounts. As

these accounts mostly belong to persons with low incomes, and often showed a

near-zero balance, it suggests that these deposits may be black income being

distributed among many agents.

It is important to note that demonetization can also affect the flow of income in

the future even when it is to be earned legally, in which case, it also punishes the

innocent.

Views on the transition are likely to be influenced by how one is placed in

relation to the income generation process.

For example, in Kerala, where many live directly or indirectly on monthly

remittances from West Asia and where undeclared income is rife, a relatively

aware local population is likely to see the demonetisation as justified and hurting

the rich.

However, in small-town northern India where households are dependent upon

daily earnings from the local economy, the populace is likely to be energised less

at the discomfiture of the rich as much as the loss of their own livelihood.

4. A pivot to China?

http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/columns/a-pivot-to-china/article9354116.ece

Category: International Relations

Topic: Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing countries on India’s interests

Key Points:

Background:

Till 1750, the Asian giants produced half of global economic output before

gunboats and colonisation reshaped trade, and subsequently production and

consumption.

There is now a consensus that the locus of global wealth is again going to be in

Asia.

Western analysts focus on the relative decline of the U.S. rather than on Asia’s re-

emergence.

Containment, relevant during the Cold War, is not proving effective in Asia with

China emerging as the largest global economy.

Alliances are also losing relevance in Asia as countries are gaining influence more

because of the strength of their economy than the might of the military.

Globalisation, driven by the ‘Washington Consensus’, dominated global policymaking, with the World Bank, International Monetary Fund and World

Trade Organisation as the institutional centres of gravity.

India and China- Opportunities:

China and India have much in common- both are civilisational states whose contours

were shaped by major snow-fed rivers. It is important to note that the Chinese civilisation has had a more secular

orientation than any other civilisation. In Indian political thought, authority was based on the interests of all. In both

civilisations, the king was regarded as guardian and not creator of the law. China took advantage of global value chains shaping long-term economic

calculations, redefining global power and securing a head start over India. It is also important to note that China will remain the world’s largest producer of

goods and India can be the largest producer of services.

Also, from an Asian perspective, it is important to note that the services sector will be the real driver of future growth in Asia.

Points in India’s Favour: India has the capacity for global leadership. India can be the hub of the new knowledge-based order, including new

pharmaceuticals and crop varieties, as it is the only country with both extensive endemic biodiversity and world-class endogenous biotechnology industry.

India can exhibit global leadership in software-led innovation India is developing low-cost solutions for urbanisation, governance, health and

education problems.

5. Violence that’s not gender-neutral

http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/violence-thats-not-

genderneutral/article9354133.ece

Category: Polity and Governance

Topic: Judiciary

Key Points:

The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005 (PWDVA) is a gender-

specific law enacted to protect women against domestic violence at the hands of men.

The core provision in this law is that complainants can only be women.

What does the law say?

The law restricts under Section 2(q) that complaints can only be filed against

adult males, or their relatives, who could be women. But it cannot be filed solely against the relatives of the husband.

In the recent judgment of the Supreme Court in Harsora v. Harsora , the

constitutionality of Section 2(q) was challenged.

The court, while referring to domestic violence, held that “it is clear that such violence is gender neutral. It is also clear that physical abuse, verbal abuse, emotional abuse and economic abuse can all be by women against other women.

The Indian Express

1. Russia withdraws backing for International Criminal Court treaty

http://indianexpress.com/article/world/world-news/russia-withdraws-backing-for-

international-criminal-court-treaty-4379338/

Category: International Relations

Topic: Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing countries on India’s interests

Key Points:

President Vladimir Putin signed an executive order on Wednesday removing Russia’s signature from the International Criminal Court’s founding treaty.

This move has piled pressure on the International Criminal Court, which is already reeling

from withdrawals by some African countries.

However, it is important to note that Russia never ratified the treaty, which it signed in

2000, meaning it never became a member subject to its jurisdiction.

The ICC had earlier angered Moscow by referring to Russia’s 2014 annexation of Ukraine’s Crimea as an armed conflict.

Currently, the ICC is examining allegations of war crimes committed by Russian and

Georgian forces during a brief 2008 war.

It is important to note that Russia is under international pressure over its campaign of air

strikes in Syria, with some human rights activists and U.S. officials accusing it of bombing

civilians and civilian targets.

Some important facts about the ICC

The ICC, is based in The Hague, Netherlands.

It was founded when 120 countries adopted its founding treaty in 1998.

The International Criminal Court (ICC) investigates and, where warranted, tries individuals

charged with the gravest crimes of concern to the international community: genocide, war

crimes and crimes against humanity.

2. Use by date

http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/editorials/fssai-food-safety-rules-packaged-food-

fortification-4379323/

Category: Polity and Governance

Topic: Govt. Initiatives, Food Security

Key Points:

Recently, the Food and Safety Authority of India (FSSAI) announced that it is working on

fortification standards for packaged food products such as cereals and biscuits.

What is fortification?

Fortification means bolstering the nutritional content of a food product by increasing

essential micronutrients such as minerals and vitamins.

The FSSAI has also issued draft guidelines for five fortified products — rice, wheat, salt, flour,

milk and edible oil.

From an Indian context, it is important to note that India has been long beset by the lack of

food safety standards. The new guidelines are a significant first step.

But, there are certain issues which need to be addressed. On one hand, the FSSAI, is

contemplating operationalising the guidelines for rice, wheat, salt, milk and edible oil, even

before issuing a final notification. On the other hand, the agency has not specified a deadline

for setting standards for packaged foods.

BusinessLine

1. Demonetisation is worth all the trouble

http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/opinion/demonetisation-will-benefit-

people/article9354030.ece

Category: Indian Economy

Topic: Govt. Policies

Key Points:

In the wake of the recent demonetization initiative, there have been different narratives

brought both in favour, and against the initiative in the public domain.

Those who have been facing hardships have argued that most of our population does not

have bank accounts or ATM cards.

The second point cited by them is that people were stranded without cash for a day or two.

But given the element of surprise so necessary for demonetisation, this sort of hardship for a

week or fortnight could not have been completely avoided.

The third point being raised is whether it is a sin to earn and spend in cash rather than go for

cashless transactions.

The fourth objection is subjecting the entire population to this dose of heavy ‘chemotherapy’. It is incorrect to believe that only few rich people hoard all the black money. It is important

to note that it is not just the rich, but also the upper middle class and middle class evade tax

wherever there is scope to do so.

F. Concepts-in-News: Related Concepts to Revise/Learn:

1. Concepts-in-News: Related Concepts to Revise/Learn

Demonetisation

FSSAI

Fortification

2. BILLS/ACTS/SCHEMES/ORGS IN NEWS

BILLS/ACTS/SCHEMES/ORGANISATIONS

IN NEWS

Links to Refer

The Food Safety and Standards Authority

of India http://www.fssai.gov.in/

3. Tags

Demonetisation

FSSAI

Fortification

Practice Questions

Date: 17

th November, 2016

Category: Polity and Governance

Topic: Govt. Initiatives Source: The Hindu

Difficulty level: Medium

Type: Factual

1. Consider the following statements,

1] Recently, the Food and Safety Authority of India (FSSAI) announced that it is working on

fortification standards for packaged food products such as cereals and biscuits.

2] ‘Fortification’ means bolstering the nutritional content of a food product by increasing

essential micronutrients such as minerals and vitamins.

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

a) 1 Only

b) 2 Only

c) Both 1 and 2

d) Neither 1 nor 2

Ans (c)

Date: 17th November, 2016

Category: International Relations

Topic: International Institutions

Source: The Hindu

Difficulty level: Medium

Type: Factual

2. Consider the following statements,

1] The ICC, is based in The Hague, Netherlands.

2] It was founded when 120 countries adopted its founding treaty in 1998.

3] The International Criminal Court (ICC) investigates and, where warranted, tries

individuals charged with the gravest crimes of concern to the international community:

genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity.

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

a) 1 and 2 Only

b) 2 and 3 Only

c) All, 1, 2 and 3

d) 1 Only

Ans (c)

Date: 17th November, 2016

Category: Polity and Governance

Topic: Social Justice, Judiciary Source: The Hindu

Difficulty level: Medium

Type: Factual

3. Consider the following statements,

1] The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005 (PWDVA) is a gender-specific law enacted to protect women against domestic violence at the hands of men. 2] The core provision in this law is that complainants can only be women.

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

a) 1 Only

b) 2 Only

c) Both 1 and 2

d) Neither 1 nor 2

Ans (c)

Date: 17th November, 2016

Category: International Relations

Topic: India and the Neighbourhood

Source: The Hindu

Difficulty level: Medium

Type: Factual

4. Consider the following statements,

1] India has refused to be a part of either the One Belt, One Road (OBOR) project, or the Maritime

Silk Route (MSR).

2] China sees CPEC as a physical link between its One Belt, One Road (OBOR) project and the

Maritime Silk Route (MSR).

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

a) 1 Only

b) 2 Only

c) Both 1 and 2

d) Neither 1 nor 2

Ans (c)

Date: 17th November, 2016

Category: International Relations

Topic: India and the Neighbourhood

Source: The Hindu

Difficulty level: Medium

Type: Factual

5. The port of Gwadar is in which of the following countries?

a) Pakistan

b) China

c) India

d) Sri Lanka

Ans (a)

Current News Analysis

18-11-2016

A. GS1 Related

B. GS2 Related

1. India hopes Bhutan will ratify vehicles pact

http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/india-hopes-bhutan-will-ratify-

vehicles-pact/article9357979.ece

Category: International Relations

Topic: India and the Neighbourhood

Key Points:

Bhutan’s National Council (NC) had disallowed the sub-SAARC motor vehicle zone among Bangladesh, Bhutan, India and Nepal (BBIN).

Despite this, India hopes Bhutan will join the grouping “at an early date”. It is important to note that India, Bangladesh and Nepal have already ratified the MVA.

Why did Bhuta s Natio al Cou il NC disapprove it?

There have been protests from the Opposition, mainly over environmental concerns of vehicular pollution.

In the 25-member National Council, the government faced sharp questions on the number of vehicles that would be allowed into the country via the Southern trading point of Phuentsholing and road capacities.

I dia s Positio

It is important to note that there have been excellent relations between the two countries. Also, India has been wary of leaning too heavily on the Bhutanese government to speed up

the BBIN ratification. This is because, it could offend the sensitivities of Bhutan which is a smaller neighbour.

2. India, U.S. review military projects

http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/india-us-review-military-projects/article9357980.ece

Category: International Relations

Topic: Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing countries on India’s interests

Key Points:

Recently, India and the U.S. reviewed the entire gamut of projects under the Foreign Military Sales route.

This development takes place as both sides look at closing key projects, including the purchase of M777 howitzers.

It is important to note that this is the first deal for artillery guns since the Bofors scandal in 1980s.

Further, defence sources have maintained that the deal for 145 American Ultra-Light Howitzers had been cleared recently by the Cabinet Committee on Security.

A number of key projects, including the one for 22 Predator Guardian drones, were discussed recently.

C.GS3 Related

1. Israel seeks FTA with India to boost trade

http://www.thehindu.com/business/israel-seeks-fta-with-india-to-boost-

trade/article9357907.ece

Category: Economy

Topic: International Trade

Key Points:

Recently, Israeli President Reuven Rivlin pitched for a bilateral free trade agreement with India and Israel.

He also wished to partner in India’s ‘Clean Ganga’ project and solar energy sector. The Israeli President also said that India was today the top trade partner for Israel

and exhorted business leaders to work closely together to create a stronger market in both countries.

How India can benefit from Israel?

It is important to note that Israel is a rain-deficit country. Israel has evolved technology solutions to meeting its water needs- its waste water

management know-how could be of immense use for India.

There is a great scope for bilateral cooperation in water treatment projects, optics, metals, aviation, diamonds and textiles.

There are several opportunities in agriculture, irrigation and pharmaceuticals for India and Israel to boost bilateral trade.

Currently, the bilateral trade between India and Israel is about $5 billion.

2. I dia is o - o ittal o arket e o o y tag for Chi a

http://www.thehindu.com/business/india-is-noncommittal-on-market-economy-tag-for-

china/article9357908.ece

Category: Economy

Topic: International Trade

Key Points:

India has maintained that it is not inclined to automatically grant the ‘Market Economy Status’ (MES) to China this December under World Trade Organisation (WTO) norms.

How will this affect India? Granting ‘Market Economy Status’ (MES) to China will severely curb the ability of nations

including India to impose anti-dumping duties on “unfairly priced” Chinese imports. By refusing China the ‘MES’, India has taken sides with the U.S. and European Union. India, U.S. and the European Union believe that unlike in 'market economies' where prices of

items are market determined (based on demand & supply conditions), there is still a significant government influence in the Chinese market.

D. GS4 Related

E. Important Editorials

The Hindu

1. After the storm

http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/editorial/after-the-storm-of-

demonetisation/article9357876.ece

Category: Indian Economy

Topic: Govt. Policies

Key Points:

It is important to note that when 86 per cent of currency notes in a country of 1.3

billion people are rendered illegal tender in a matter of hours, there is bound to be a

short-term disruption in daily lives.

This is particularly observed in India where much of India’s economic activity still takes place in the informal sector with no cheque payments.

This results not just in widespread direct and indirect tax evasion, but also in an

inability to assess the true state of the economy.

For example, while farmers’ income is not taxed, most of them now have a Kisan Credit Card, and no-frills bank accounts. Yet, the agricultural economy is still

controlled by middlemen and traders.

The middlemen and traders only make cash payments to farmers while reaping a

profit from the difference in prices from farm-gate to fork.

It is important to note that the introduction of the Goods and Services Tax will make

it tougher for such intermediaries to remain below the tax radar, though foodgrains

will be zero-rated under the tax regime.

2. A chance to recalibrate ties

http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/editorial/a-chance-to-recalibrate-

ties/article9357882.ece

Category: International Relations

Topic: India and the Neighbourhood

Key Points:

There has been a daily exchange of fire between Indian and Pakistani soldiers.

The DGMO channel has failed to quell exchanges that include artillery and

mortar fire. There are also no bilateral talks today at any level.

Further, Pakistan is yet to condemn the Uri attack in which 19 soldiers were

killed, while India has not put out a statement on the spate of terror attacks in

Balochistan.

There are also fears about the LoC firing spiralling out of control.

This worry has increased in Pakistan because of the impending decision on who

will be the next army chief, and owing to tensions between Army Headquarters

and the Nawaz Sharif government.

India is concerned about a terrorist build-up across the LoC, with 18 infiltration

attempts reported in the past week.

It is against this backdrop, that Sartaj Aziz, who is the Foreign Affairs Advisor to

the Pakistan Prime Minister, has indicated that he will visit India for the Heart of

Asia donor conference on Afghanistan in early December.

This presents a window of opportunity to take the current tensions firmly in

hand, and assure regional leaders gathered at the conference that India and

Pakistan can sort out the concerns bilaterally.

3. Time to move towards a new litigation policy

http://www.thehind3. u.com/opinion/columns/a-pivot-to-china/article9354116.ece

Category: Polity and Governance

Topic: Judiciary

Key Points:

The Prime Minister, on the occasion of the Delhi High Court’s golden jubilee in October this year, raised the problem of excessive government litigation.

It is important to note that besides being a constraint on the public exchequer,

government litigation has contributed to judicial backlog, thus affecting justice

delivery in India.

Further, Government litigation reportedly constitutes nearly half of all litigation

in the Indian judiciary.

In the recent past, efforts in this direction were made when The Law Minister in

the United Progressive Alliance government had launched a “National Litigation Policy” (NLP) in 2010 to transform the government into a “responsible and efficient” litigant.

Failures of the NLP

The NLP appears to have been drafted on anecdotal notions of the problem,

instead of being an analytical policy document attempting to address the causes

of excessive government litigation.

The NLP 2010 fails to provide a yardstick for determining responsibility and

efficiency.

The NLP 2010 also creates “Empowered Committees” at the national and regional levels, apparently to regulate the implementation of the policy. But there

is ambiguity about their role and powers.

The NLP 2010 also lacks any form of impact assessment to evaluate actual impact

on reducing government litigation.

The Way Forward

The ongoing revision of the NLP needs to ensure certain critical features are not missed out: These

critical features include: a) it must have clear objectives that can be assessed b) the role of different

functionaries must be enumerated c) the minimum standards for pursuing litigation must be listed

out d) fair accountability mechanisms must be established e) the consequences for violation of the

policy must be provided f) a periodic impact assessment programme must be factored in.

4. Reaching the new normal

http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/indianepal-relations-reaching-the-new-

normal/article9357909.ece

Category: International Relations

Topic: India and the neighbourhood

Key Points:

Recently, President Pranab Mukherjee concluded a successful three-day state visit to

Nepal (November 2-4).

The last presidential visit was 18 years ago, by K.R. Narayanan in 1998.

Background of troubled events

From the beginning, it was clear that the Madhesis were unhappy with the new constitution.

The then Prime Minister K.P.S. Oli, blamed India for imposing an economic ‘blockade’ to pressure the government to accede to Madhesi demands.

Eventually, both sides pulled back but the damage was done.

I dia s Co tri utio to Nepal

India has substantial welfare schemes in Nepal covering solar electrification and drinking water supply to ex-servicemen’s villages, medical care and provision of ambulances to their associations, and education and scholarships for their children.

Mr. Mukherjee’s successful visit, comes after Mr. Prachanda’s official visit to India in September. This visit has helped stabilise India-Nepal relations.

The Indian Express

1. Here comes the sun

http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/editorials/international-solar-alliance-problems-

climate-change-paris-summit-energy-conservation-4381098/

Category: Polity and Governance

Topic: Govt. Initiatives

Key Points:

More than 20 countries came together to sign a framework agreement on the International

Solar Alliance (ISA).

From an Indian perspective, the ISA is significant.

India plans to generate 100 gigawatt (GW) of energy by 2022, which is an extremely

ambitious target considering that India’s installed solar energy capacity is less than 6 GW

and the world’s total installed solar power capacity is less than 200 GW. It is important to note that India receives more than 300 days of sunshine every year.

There are certain limitations to solar power- for example, it cannot be created during night

time, or when inclement weather or air pollution obscure the sun.

The ISA aims to develop cost-efficient solar technologies and applications.

It is also expected to mobilise $1 trillion for funding solar energy projects by 2030.

BusinessLine

1. Time to consolidate ties with Nepal

http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/todays-paper/tp-opinion/time-to-consolidate-ties-

with-nepal/article9358990.ece

Category: International Relations

Topic: India and the Neighbourhood

Key Points:

President Pranab Mukherjee paid a State visit to Nepal earlier this month.

I dia s Co tri utio to Nepal India has contributed extensively to economic development in Nepal and to opening its

higher educational institutions to Nepalese students.

Bhutan, has emerged as the most prosperous country in South Asia, because of the sale of

electricity from hydroelectric projects constructed with Indian cooperation. But, Nepal has

chosen to tie itself in knots thanks to a very slow progress in hydel projects with India.

Challenges

The real challenge India faces is from China. China is ready to use its diplomatic and financial muscle to erode Indian influence. China also seeks to ensure that disaffected Tibetans are not allowed shelter in Nepal, or given

space to enter India from Nepal.

F. Concepts-in-News: Related Concepts to Revise/Learn:

1. Concepts-in-News: Related Concepts to Revise/Learn

Market Economy Status (MES)

International Solar Alliance (ISA)

BBIN

2. BILLS/ACTS/SCHEMES/ORGS IN NEWS

BILLS/ACTS/SCHEMES/ORGANISATIONS

IN NEWS

Links to Refer

International Solar Alliance (ISA)

http://intsolaralliance.org/

3. Tags

Market Economy Status (MES)

International Solar Alliance (ISA)

BBIN

Practice Questions

Date: 18

th November, 2016

Category: Polity and Governance

Topic: Govt. Initiatives Source: The Hindu

Difficulty level: Medium

Type: Factual

1. Consider the following statements,

1] India plans to generate 100 gigawatt (GW) of energy by 2022

2] There are certain limitations to solar power- for example, it cannot be created during night

time, or when inclement weather or air pollution obscure the sun.

3] The International Solar Alliance (ISA) aims to develop cost-efficient solar technologies

and applications.

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

a) 1 and 2 Only

b) 2 and 3 Only

c) All 1, 2 and 3

d) 2 Only

Ans (c)

Date: 18

th November, 2016

Category: International Relations

Topic: India-Israel

Source: The Hindu

Difficulty level: Medium

Type: Factual

2. Consider the following statements, regarding ‘India- Israel’ bilateral relationship,

1] Israel has evolved technology solutions to meeting its water needs. Israel’s waste water management know-how could be of immense use for India. 2] There is a great scope for bilateral cooperation in water treatment projects, optics, metals, aviation, diamonds and textiles. 3] Currently, the bilateral trade between India and Israel is about $5 billion.

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

a) 1 and 2 Only

b) 2 and 3 Only

c) All 1, 2 and 3

d) 2 Only

Ans (c)

Date: 18th November, 2016

Category: Economy

Topic: International Trade Source: The Hindu

Difficulty level: Medium

Type: Factual

3. Consider the following statements,

1] India has maintained that it is not inclined to automatically grant the ‘Market Economy Status’ (MES) to China. 2] Granting ‘Market Economy Status’ (MES) to China will severely curb the ability of nations including India to impose anti-dumping duties on unfairly priced Chinese imports.

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

a) 1 Only

b) 2 Only

c) Both 1 and 2

d) Neither 1 nor 2

Ans (c)

Date: 18th November, 2016

Category: Geography

Topic: Various Parts of the World

Source: The Hindu

Difficulty level: Medium

Type: Factual

4. Consider the following statements,

1] The five Indian states that share a land border with Nepal are Uttarakhand, Uttar

Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal, and Sikkim.

2] The Tropic of Cancer does not pass through Nepal.

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

a) 1 Only

b) 2 Only

c) Both 1 and 2

d) Neither 1 nor 2

Ans (c)

Date: 18th November, 2016

Category: International Relations

Topic: India and the Neighbourhood

Source: The Hindu

Difficulty level: Medium

Type: Factual

5. Consider the following statements regarding the motor vehicle zone among Bangladesh, Bhutan, India and Nepal (BBIN),

1] Bhutan has not ratified the Motor Vehicle Agreement (MVA). 2] India, Bangladesh and Nepal have already ratified the MVA.

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

a) 1 Only

b) 2 Only

c) Both 1 and 2

d) Neither 1 nor 2

Ans (c)

Current News Analysis

19-11-2016

A. GS1 Related

B. GS2 Related

1. Sche e soo to grade CSIR scie tists’ perfor a ce

http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/scheme-soon-to-grade-

csir-scientists-performance/article9363055.ece

Category: Polity and Governance

Topic: Govt. Initiatives

Key Points:

Prime Minister, Narendra Modi, who is also the president of The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) is expected to soon clear a controversial proposal to grade the performance of CSIR scientists.

Brief Background of CSIR

The CSIR is a 75-year-old institution that has a large network of 38 laboratories spread across the country.

This large network of laboratories is involved in a wide range of research from battery technology and genomics to glass-making.

Over the years, the Council has emerged as India’s biggest publisher of research papers as well as the largest patentee.

What will the new system propose to do?

The new appraisal system will reduce the importance to research publications and gives greater weight to developing products.

The new system is a departure from the existing format of having scientists internally evaluated by their peers.

The new system proposes to encapsulate a scientist’s performance into a single equation.

2. India denies Pak. claims of submarine intrusion

http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/india-denies-pak-claims-of-submarine-

intrusion/article9362713.ece

Category: International Relations

Topic: Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing countries on India’s interests

Key Points:

Recently, Pakistan has claimed that it prevented Indian submarines from intruding into its territorial waters.

The Indian Navy has responded to this claim by categorically denying the statement of Pakistani navy.

A statement issued by the Pakistani Navy claimed that it had detected Indian submarines on November 14 and 16.

The exchange of words indicates rising tensions between New Delhi and Islamabad after both accused each other of ceasefire violations.

3. NSG membership for India seems unlikely this year

http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/nsg-membership-for-india-unlikely-this-

year/article9362347.ece

Category: International Relations

Topic: Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing countries on India’s interests

Key Points:

With the NSG meeting in Vienna ending inconclusively, India’s hopes of a membership at the Nuclear Suppliers Group this year were virtually dashed.

It is important to note that China’s push for a two-step process — to first identify the criteria for non-signatories to the Non Proliferation Treaty (NPT) — as both India and Pakistan are, was considered by the Nuclear Suppliers Group.

Some experts have suggested that if India has succeeded in negotiating with Japan, Australia and Canada, who are some of the formerly non-proliferation hardliners, the NSG is still a possibility by June 2017.

June 2017 is when the next plenary session of the NSG will be held.

4. New administration takes shape in U.S.

http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-international/new-administration-takes-shape-

in-us/article9363037.ece

Category: International Relations

Topic: Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing countries on India’s interests

Key Points:

President-elect Donald Trump is moving ahead with filling key posts in his administration. Mr. Trump is a foreign policy novice. His early moves on national security are being closely

watched both in the U.S. and overseas. He is reportedly considering a range of officials with varying degrees of experience to lead the

State Department and the Pentagon. Mr. Trump has also consulted with former Secretary of State Henry Kissinger, and sat down

with South Carolina Governor Nikki Haley. Nikki Haley is a potential contender to lead the State Department.

C.GS3 Related

1. Global unity to act on Paris climate deal

http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-international/global-unity-to-act-on-paris-climate-

deal/article9363092.ece

Category: Environment and Ecology

Topic: Climate Change

Key Points:

Recently, nearly 200 nations attending the COP22 summit adopted the Marrakech Action Proclamation.

Heads of state, and, delegations from other U.N. member countries issued the proclamation to signal a shift towards a new era of implementation and action on climate and sustainable development.

It is important to note that a ‘Climate Vulnerable Forum’, comprising a group of over 45 most vulnerable countries, was launched.

This ‘Climate Vulnerable Forum’ adopted an agenda for maintaining the target of limiting warming to 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels.

Further, the countries also called for an increase in volume, flow and access to finance for climate projects, alongside improved capacity and technology.

Nations, who are parties to the Kyoto Protocol (which does not include the U.S.), also encouraged the speedy ratification of the Doha Amendment.

2. Boeing to invest in new factory in India

http://www.thehindu.com/news/boeing-to-invest-in-a-brand-new-factory-in-

india/article9362160.ece

Category: Economy

Topic: Manufacturing, Industry

Key Points:

Boeing, an aerospace major, will invest in a brand new factory in India. This factory would create an entire aviation ecosystem for its fighter aircraft the F/A-18

Super Hornet. The F/A-18 Super Hornet is a multirole, dual seat aircraft, and is reported to be of interest to

India. This project would give a fillip to the ‘Make in India’ initiative. The project has been called a “crown jewel project” that includes indigenisation and tapping

into a supplier chain of vendors. This initiative will attempt to mirror the system around the Super Hornet production line at

St. Louis, U.S. This production line at St. Louis, U.S. is now supported by 800 vendors in 44 states and

employs 60,000 people.

3. States innovate to stave off labour unrest

http://www.thehindu.com/business/states-innovate-to-stave-off-labour-

unrest/article9362297.ece

Category: Economy

Topic: Labour, Industry

Key Points:

The recent demonetization initiative by the Government has severely affecting disbursal of salary to low-wage workers as they are paid mostly in cash.

But, states such as West Bengal and Assam have evolved a novel plan aimed at preventing any major labour unrest.

It is important to note that the norms following demonetisation have not capped the amount that government agencies can withdraw from a bank.

Thus, these States have asked employers in labour-intensive sectors such as tea plantations to deposit workers’ wages in a designated account.

As per the strategy, district collectors/district magistrates, who have been asked to implement the new exercise, will ensure timely payments to the workers.

It is important to note that the plantation industry is among the most labour-intensive sectors in the country as it employs about 33 lakh workers.

D. GS4 Related

E. Important Editorials

The Hindu

1. Justice beyond borders

http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/editorial/justice-beyond-

borders/article9362310.ece

Category: International Relations

Topic: Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing countries on India’s interests

Key Points:

Recently, Russia decided to quit the International Criminal Court (ICC).

It is important to view this as the outcome of the political undercurrents that have of

late strained its relations with the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO).

The International Criminal Court (ICC) had reported recently, stating that the 2014

annexation of Crimea from Ukraine amounted to an occupation.

As a reaction to this report, Russia has denied any role by its military, maintaining

that Crimea’s accession was authorised in a popular referendum. It is important to note that even South Africa had decided to walk out of the

International Criminal Court (ICC) in October this year.

2. Saying no to jallikattu, again

http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/editorial/saying-no-to-jallikattu-

again/article9362309.ece

Category: Polity and Governance

Topic: Judiciary, Govt. Initiatives

Key Points:

Jallikattu is a popular bull-taming sport held alongside annual harvest festivities

in rural Tamil Nadu.

Recently, the Supreme Court declined to review its 2014 judgment banning

Jallikattu.

In its original judgment, the Supreme Court had drawn on sound legal principles

to conclude that the need to prevent cruelty to animals overrides the

consideration that conducting the sport was necessary to preserve culture and

tradition.

Despite evidence that the game of Jallikattu caused distress and pain to the

animals, and even led to injuries and occasional fatalities, political leaders in the

State and sections of the public have often made the claim that jallikattu has

cultural and religious significance for the Tamil community.

The Indian Express

1. Agitation foretold

http://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/editorials/agitation-foretold-hong-kongs-legislative-

council-british-empire-china-ties-chinese-government-hong-kong-nationalism-4383102/

Category: International Relations

Topic: Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing countries on India’s interests

Key Points:

Hong Kong ceased to be a part of the British empire and joined with China in

1997.

When this happened, it was promised a large degree of autonomy, political and

economic, for 50 years.

Recently, two young legislators elected to Hong Kong’s legislative council (Legco), were disqualified.

This development has increased fears that the Chinese government will make its

presence felt in the city long before the 2047 deadline.

It is important to note that nationalist aspirations are increasing in Hong Kong.

Chinese Aggression

It is important to note that both internally and externally, the Chinese state has

displayed aggression and has been increasingly sensitive on issues of nationalism

and territorial and political control.

This has brought it into conflict with Japan, the US and its allies in the South

China Sea.

It is important to note that, in Hong Kong, we find the values of liberal political democracy.

These values have been bequeathed to it by a European tradition.

While, on the other hand, Chinese capitalism has been state and party-led, and the Chinese

political system hasn’t evolved ways to incorporate and accommodate democratic dissent.

BusinessLine

1. Moving towards a cashless society

http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/todays-paper/tp-opinion/moving-towards-a-

cashless-society/article9362959.ece

Category: Indian Economy

Topic: Govt. Initiatives

Key Points:

It is important to note that India is in the midst of a cash management crisis.

It is imperative on the Government to take adequate and quick steps to alleviate sufferings of

the common man.

Steps to be taken in the wake of demonetization

Restore calm and reduce the anxiety levels across the board by providing correct

information.

That adequate time is available for depositing the old currency in the accounts is to be

stressed.

Further points to be noted:

There has been a criticism of the lack of banking facilities for the poor and those living in

isolated villages, particularly in north east, hilly and tribal areas.

In fact, under the policy of financial inclusion, the RBI had made it mandatory for the banks

to open branches in every village with a population of 2,000 or more, allocated to them and a

large number of such branches have been opened.

A vast network of more than 1,50,000 post offices are spread across the length and breadth

of the country- many of these post offices have at least one computer terminal installed.

Making use of these outlets, India Post has made it easier, faster and safer for transfer of

money from one corner of the globe to the other.

The India Post Payments bank is to be launched shortly. In an effort to strengthen this

institutional network, a large number of banking correspondents are functioning, though

with some limitations.

Further, the numbers of point of sale (PoS) terminals have substantially gone up in the recent

past. But the scope still remains immense.

There have been examples of vegetable vendors and street food carts offering to accept cards

with small PoS machines.

F. Concepts-in-News: Related Concepts to Revise/Learn:

1. Concepts-in-News: Related Concepts to Revise/Learn

Non Proliferation Treaty (NPT)

Nuclear Suppliers Group

International Criminal Court (ICC)

2. BILLS/ACTS/SCHEMES/ORGS IN NEWS

BILLS/ACTS/SCHEMES/ORGANISATIONS

IN NEWS

Links to Refer

International Criminal Court (ICC)

https://www.icc-cpi.int/

3. Tags

Non Proliferation Treaty (NPT)

Nuclear Suppliers Group

International Criminal Court (ICC)

Practice Questions

Date: 19

th November, 2016

Category: Science and Technology

Topic: Institutions

Source: The Hindu

Difficulty level: Medium

Type: Factual

1. Consider the following statements,

1] The CSIR is a 75-year-old institution that has a large network of 38 laboratories spread across the country. 2] This large network of laboratories is involved in a wide range of research from battery technology and genomics to glass-making. 3] Over the years, the Council has emerged as India’s biggest publisher of research papers as well as the largest patentee.

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

a) 1 and 2 Only

b) 2 and 3 Only

c) All 1, 2 and 3

d) 2 Only

Ans (c)

Date: 19

th November, 2016

Category: Environment and Ecology

Topic: Climate Change

Source: The Hindu

Difficulty level: Medium

Type: Factual

2. Consider the following statements,

1] Recently, a ‘Climate Vulnerable Forum’, comprising a group of over 45 most vulnerable countries, was launched. This ‘Climate Vulnerable Forum’ adopted an agenda for maintaining the target of limiting warming to 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels.

2] U.S. has not ratified the Kyoto Protocol.

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

a) 1 Only

b) 2 Only

c) Both 1 and 2

d) Neither 1 nor 2

Ans (c)

Date: 19th November, 2016

Category: Geography

Topic: Various Parts of the World Source: The Hindu

Difficulty level: Medium

Type: Factual

3. Consider the following statements,

1] Romania, Bulgaria, Ukraine, Russia, Georgia and Turkey share a coast with the Black Sea.

2] The Danube river flows into the Black Sea.

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

a) 1 Only

b) 2 Only

c) Both 1 and 2

d) Neither 1 nor 2

Ans (c)

Date: 19th November, 2016

Category: International Relations

Topic: Important Institutions

Source: The Hindu

Difficulty level: Medium

Type: Factual

4. Consider the following statements,

1] South Africa and Russia have quit the International Criminal Court (ICC).

2] The International Criminal Court (ICC) investigates and, where warranted, tries individuals

charged with the gravest crimes of concern to the international community: genocide, war

crimes and crimes against humanity.

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

a) 1 Only

b) 2 Only

c) Both 1 and 2

d) Neither 1 nor 2

Ans (c)

Date: 19th November, 2016

Category: Geography

Topic: Agriculture

Source: The Hindu

Difficulty level: Medium

Type: Factual

5. Consider the following statements,

1] Coffee is majorly grown in three regions of India with Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil

Nadu forming the traditional coffee growing region of India.

2] The most commonly used coffee beans are Arabica and Robusta.

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

a) 1 Only

b) 2 Only

c) Both 1 and 2

d) Neither 1 nor 2

Ans (c)

Current News Analysis

20-11-2016

A. GS1 Related

1. Not clear if bull-taming practice evolved into jallikattu: Historian

http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/not-clear-if-bulltaming-

practice-evolved-into-jallikattu-historian/article9366117.ece

Category: Art and Culture

Topic: Art Forms

Key Points:

In Kotagiri, Tamil Nadu, rock paintings, dating back to the period between 3500 and 1500

BC, depict some sort of a bull-taming or bull-chasing exercise being carried out by the early

settlers in the Nilgiris.

Art historian K.T. Gandhi Rajan, believes that it was this practice that transformed into the

modern sport of jallikattu.

Art historian K.T. Gandhi Rajan asserts that neolithic stone axes were found in Karikkiyur, in

Kotagiri and the people of the south, especially Tamil Nadu, have a historical, cultural link

with bull-taming.

However, Dr. C. Maheswaran, an authority on archaeological findings and rock art in the Nilgiris, believes that although there was enough evidence of bull-taming in the form of rock art and other archaeological sources, it is unclear whether historical processes led to the practice later transforming into a sport.

It is important to note that the rock paintings dotted around the Nilgiris need to be protected for their intrinsic cultural value.

B. GS2 Related

1. WhatsApp governance works wonders for Bengaluru

http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/whatsapp-governance-

works-wonders-for-bengaluru/article9366124.ece

Category: Polity and Governance

Topic: E-Governance

Key Points:

In Bangalore, residents’ associations have been using social media to bridge the gap between citizens and those who govern them.

Whatsapp has become a tool to cut through the red tape and drive change. With this initiative, civic officials, traffic police and the local inspector are now just a text

away. Nowadays in Bangalore, almost every locality with an active Residents’ Welfare Association

has multiple WhatsApp groups. Members of these WhatsApp groups include officials from utility service providers such as

the Bruhat Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike (BBMP), water and electricity utilities, and the police.

2. India-U.S. clean energy cooperation will go on

http://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/energy-and-environment/indiaus-

clean-energy-cooperation-will-go-on/article9366061.ece

Category: International Relations

Topic: Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing countries on India’s interests

Key Points:

A high-ranking official in the Obama administration has assured that with the change in the United States administration, there wouldn’t be any impact on India-U.S. cooperation in the field of renewable energy.

Nisha Biswal, Assistant Secretary, South and Central Asian Affairs has maintained that “India- U.S. relations will have to move beyond government to government. India-U.S. relations are global, but it should also be local.”

3. Dalai La a visits Mo golia despite Chi a s o je tio s

http://www.thehindu.com/news/international/dalai-lama-visits-mongolia-despite-chinas-objections/article9366066.ece

Category: International Relations

Topic: Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing countries on India’s interests

Key Points:

The Dalai Lama recently met with Buddhist worshippers during a four-day visit to Mongolia. This visit goes against Beijing’s demands that he be barred from entering the country. China has maintained that it remains “firmly opposed to the anti-China separatist activities

by the Dalai Lama in any country, in any name, and in any capacity.”

China views the Dalai Lama as a devious separatist bent on breaking apart China. It is important to note that Mongolia is home to devout Buddhists, and is heavily dependent

on trade with China.

What the Dalai Lama wants?

The Dalai Lama has pressed for Tibetan autonomy rather than outright independence from China.

4. Sri La ka s Ta il leaders reje t Mittal s overpri ed steel houses for the war-hit

http://www.thehindu.com/news/international/sri-lankas-tamil-leaders-reject-mittals-overpriced-steel-houses-for-the-warhit/article9365680.ece

Category: International Relations

Topic: Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing countries on India’s interests

Key Points:

Recently, Sri Lankan Tamil leaders have rejected a proposed ArcelorMittal housing project

for the war-affected people in the North and East of the country. Leaders of the Tamil National Alliance (TNA), which is a coalition of political parties

representing Sri Lanka’s Northern Tamils — said they “strongly oppose” the project. They have deemed its cost and design unsuitable for the region. ArcelorMittal, which is a global steel major, owned by billionaire Lakshmi Mittal, was to

build 65,000 pre-fabricated houses for LKR 2.1 million each (approximately Rs. 9.7 lakh).

C.GS3 Related

1. What is Frankenfixation?

http://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/health/demystifying-science-what-is-

frankenfixation/article9365745.ece

Category: Science and Technology

Topic: Developments

Key Points:

‘Frankenfixation’ refers to the use of genetic modification to fix carbon dioxide into the soil.

It derives from the term popularised by critics of genetically modified foods, ‘Frankenfoods’.

2. A silken touch to healing

http://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/health/a-silken-touch-to-healing/article9365690.ece

Category: Science and Technology

Topic: Developments

Key Points:

It is important to note that the silk industry in India has been reeling under the impact of cheap imports from China.

Recently, a Bengaluru-based company has developed a silk protein-derived product. This silk protein-derived product can be used in place of traditional dressing for

wounds. The dressing is produced from cut cocoons after the silkworm has left the cocoon. Thus, it is a cleaner alternative to collagen dressings, which are currently the only

form of dressing other than skin grafts, which actively help in healing of wounds.

D. GS4 Related

E. Important Editorials

The Hindu

1. Owning up to the onus

http://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/health/owning-up-to-the-

onus/article9365697.ece

Category: Science and Technology, Economy

Topic: Developments, Pharmaceutical Industry

Key Points:

Recently, 13 pharmaceutical companies came up with a new road map, assigning to

themselves four key commitments that they will deliver by 2020 to reduce

antimicrobial resistance.

Some of the top names in drug production, including Pfizer, Merck, Novartis,

GlaxoSmithKline and Allergan, and Indian drug makers such as Cipla and

Wockhardt, have signed up to this scheme.

This development happens ahead of the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA)

High-Level Meeting on Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR).

This initiative reflects the companies’ intent to continue to proactively contribute to

the global efforts to address AMR.

2. Healthy children build healthy nations

http://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/health/healthy-children-build-healthy-

nations/article9365692.ece

Category: Polity and Governance

Topic: Health, Govt. Initiatives

Key Points:

There are some important facts to note- for example:

a) Our country is home to the largest child population in the world.

b) A substantial 41 per cent, around 450 million, are children.

c) Unfortunately, for their education, health and protection, a paltry 4 per cent

of the gross domestic product (GDP) is being spent.

d) Among the general category of patients in public hospitals, about 70 per cent

were once child labourers.

e) Around health indicators: Only 65.3 per cent of the under-five children fully

immunised. 80% of the children under three years of age are anaemic and

every 3 out of 5 children are malnourished.

Thus, a great deal of political and social will is required to prioritise children in budgetary

allocations.

Child labourers face the risk of manufacturers exploiting them as inexpensive labour.

It is important to note that the working children of today are virtually the liabilities of

tomorrow.

Further, it is important to note that there is a strong link between pollution and children’s cognitive function. Early exposure to toxic air has lifelong consequences for them.

The Way Forward

It is important that the Ministry of Health forges stronger partnerships with the

Ministry of Women and Child Development, Labour, Education, and other agents

involved with children.

Creating a shared value of children’s health across the various sectors is critical Private hospitals must be given the mandate to provide free health services to those

in need.

It would be ideal that schools facilitate regular health check-ups, vaccination

programmes and provide easy medical access to students.

IT should be used proactively to make progress in the medical field- they can be

adapted to maintain a central repository of health records, etc.

F. Concepts-in-News: Related Concepts to Revise/Learn:

1. Concepts-in-News: Related Concepts to Revise/Learn

Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR)

Frankenfixation

2. BILLS/ACTS/SCHEMES/ORGS IN NEWS

BILLS/ACTS/SCHEMES/ORGANISATIONS

IN NEWS

Links to Refer

The Child Labour (Prohibition and

Regulation) Amendment Bill, 2012

http://www.prsindia.org/billtrack/the-child-

labour-prohibition-and-regulation-

amendment-act-2012-2553/

3. Tags

United Nations General Assembly (UNGA)

Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR)

Jallikattu

Tamil National Alliance (TNA)

Practice Questions

Date: 20

th November, 2016

Category: Science and Technology

Topic: Developments Source: The Hindu

Difficulty level: Medium

Type: Factual

1. Consider the following statements,

1] Recently, a Bengaluru-based company has developed a silk protein-derived product that can be used in place of traditional dressing for wounds.

2] The dressing is produced from cut cocoons after the silkworm has left the cocoon and is a cleaner alternative to collagen dressings.

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

a) 1 Only

b) 2 Only

c) Both 1 and 2

d) Neither 1 nor 2

Ans (c)

Date: 20

th November, 2016

Category: Science and Technology

Topic: Developments Source: The Hindu

Difficulty level: Medium

Type: Factual

2. Consider the following statements,

1] ‘Frankenfixation’ refers to the use of genetic modification to fix carbon dioxide into the soil.

2] It derives from the term popularised by critics of genetically modified foods, ‘Frankenfoods’.

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

a) 1 Only

b) 2 Only

c) Both 1 and 2

d) Neither 1 nor 2

Ans (c)

Date: 20th November, 2016

Category: Geography

Topic: Various Parts of the World Source: The Hindu

Difficulty level: Medium

Type: Factual

3. Consider the following statements,

1] Mongolia is a landlocked country in Central Asia and East Asia, located between China and Russia.

2] The Gobi desert is a cold desert.

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

a) 1 Only

b) 2 Only

c) Both 1 and 2

d) Neither 1 nor 2

Ans (c)

Date: 20th November, 2016

Category: Geography

Topic: Natural Vegetation

Source: The Hindu

Difficulty level: Medium

Type: Factual

4. Shola forests are commonly found in

a) Vindhyas

b) Nilgiri

c) Lower Himalaya

d) Aravali

Ans (b)

Date: 20th November, 2016

Category: Geography

Topic: Various Parts of the World

Source: The Hindu

Difficulty level: Medium

Type: Factual

1. What divide separates India from Sri Lanka?

a) Palk Strait

b) Malacca Strait

c) Hormuz strait

d) Nine Degree Channel

Ans (a)