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Current state and potentialCurrent state and potential development of Russian upper air s rface meteorological andair, surface meteorological and climate monitoring networks.
•Oleg M. Pokrovskyg y•Main Geophysical Observatory,
Karbyshev str 7 St Petersburg 194021Karbyshev str.7, St. Petersburg, 194021, Russian Federation
e-mail: pokrov@main mgo rssi rue-mail: [email protected]
Outlines:• New Climate Change Tendencies in
Atmospheric Circulation Regimes in NorthAtmospheric Circulation Regimes in North-East Asia
• Current state of Russian RAOB network• Suggestion to RAOB optimal design in SubSuggestion to RAOB optimal design in Sub
Arctic Siberia• Current state of Russian SYNOP network• Finding in key areas to be covered by newFinding in key areas to be covered by new
SYNOP stations
Latest Network StatisticsLatest Network StatisticsSurf SYN SYN RAO RAO GUASurfmet total
SYNOP (R)
SYNOP (IR)
RAOB (R)
RAOB (IR)
GUAN
total (R) (IR) (IR)
1610 396 119 49 53 10
Closed stations -241Closed stations -241
Short Historical ExcursionShort Historical Excursion
RAOB in So iet PeriodRAOB in Soviet Period
Siberian RAOB configuration in 1970-1989
80
70
de
50
60
Latit
u
80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 18040
50
Longitude
RAOB Problems After 1998RAOB Problems After 1998• Statistics: 1999: 4-7 sondes per dayp y• 2000: 10-12 sondes per day• 2001: 16 19 sondes per day• 2001: 16-19 sondes per day• 2002: 22-24 sondes per day• BUT: main problem is absence of regularity:• 1999: only 2 stations provided daily regular datay p y g• 2002: only 15 stations provided daily regular
datadata
1999 O t b1999, October (Source: Meteo France database)
Daily Siberian sonde data available in October 1999y
70
80
60
Latit
ude
70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 17040
50
Latitude
2003 January (Source: Meteo France database)2003, January (Source: Meteo France database)
Daily Siberian sonde data available in January 2003Daily Siberian sonde data available in January 2003
70
80
60
70La
titud
e
80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 18040
50
80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180
longitude
January 2005January 2005
Sonde stations provided profiles twice per day (0 Z and 12 Z) in January 2005
80
2211322217 23330 23472
24125
60
Latit
ude
2255023330 23472
249592591326063 27199
2844528698
2957229634
30230
30758
31004
3254034009
40
31736
3197732150
3400934560
3485834880
40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180Longitude
January 2007January 2007
Siberian RAOB configuration provided everyday 0Z and 12Z profiles in January 2007 8080
70 2194624125
70
60
Latit
ude
23472
2395524688
24908
2540025703
2591328275 29231 29263 29282
295722961229634 2969829862
3005430230
30309 3037230554
3108860
5029839 29862 30554
30715 3075830935 30965
3173631873 32150
32540
50
60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190Longitude
4060 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190
40
January 2009
Regular RAOB at 31 stations in Siberia: January 2009Regular RAOB at 31 stations in Siberia: January 200980
20891
70
ude
20891 21824
24266
24641 246882472624908 24944
24959
2512325400 25428
25703
50
60
latit
u 24908 24944 25913300543023030309 30372
30554
30965
31004 31088
31300
3173632061
3238932540
100 120 140 160 180
50 31736
3197732150
100 120 140 160 180Longitude
RAOB network configuration in gJan 2010
Nominal Sonde Network
75
80
70
75
60
65
tude
55
60
latit
50
100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 19040
45
longitude
Complete in time (Green), Non-complete (Red) and Dead (Blue Crosses) Sonde reports for January, 2010
75
80
70
75
60
65
tude
55
60
latit
50
100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 19040
45
longitude
Problem of RAOB optimization
Sufficient RAOB networkДолгота
80 20292
70
2143220674
25042
0 9
24125 24266 25123 251732194621824
60
70
ирота
23955
25594
29282
2426623472
2333023552
2393328225
2450724817 2494430054 31004
24343
2495925913
2540024688
25954
25563
50
60
Ши
31168
32215
3055436096
28698
8 5
3151031369
3238932618
40
5031873
31977
32150
60 80 100 120 140 160 180
Рис. . Достаточная аэрологическая сеть на АТР: 42 станции (информативность пропорциональна размеру зв
40
O ti l i t l ti H500 RMS fi ldOptimal interpolation H500 RMS error fieldДолгота
80 20292 1080
70
8021432
20674
25042
20292
24125 25123 2517321946
2182485
10
70
80
60
70
ирота
23955
25594
29282
2412524266
2347223330
23552
23933
28225
24507
24817 2494430054 31004
24343
24959
25913
2540024688
25954
25563
65
60
70
50
60
Ши
3116829282
32215
30554
36096
28698
28225 31004
31510
31369
323893261845
50
60
40
5031873
31977
32150
5
25
40
50
60 80 100 120 140 160 180
Рис. . Поле ошибок восстановления поля Н500 (м) по данным достаточной аэрологической сети АТР из 42 ст
40 560 80 100 120 140 160 180
40
Climate GUAN
долгота
RUSSIAN GUAN in 2003
80
20674
23472
219822426622271
60широта
30230
325402869835121
23472
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 18040
34731
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180Рис. . Карта-схема сети ГУАН Росгидромета, включающей 10 станций
GUAN network in 2005
80
23921
242662347222550
20674
3108860
23921
2986235121
2869831088
325403023027459
40 60 80 100 120 140 160 18040
Russian GUAN Optimization
долгота
80
2067421982
60
широта
30230
23472
219822426622271
ш3254028698
35121
34731
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180Рис. . Карта-схема сети ГУАН Росгидромета, включающей 10 станций
40
2504220674
24266
2029280
22550259543108823955
24507
35121
60
40 60 80 100 120 140 160 18040
40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180Рис. . Карта опимальной сети ГУАН Росгидромета, включающая 10 станций
Surface meteo networkSurface meteo network configuration (Jan 2010)g ( )
Nominal (black) and closed (red) meteorological stations
80
70
75
65
tude
55
60latit
50
100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 19040
45
longitude
Meteo network: regular (green), irregular (red) reports and dead (blue crosses) stations for Jan, 2010
75
80
70
75
60
65
itude
55
60
lati
50
100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 19040
45
longitude
Analysis of information contentf t kof networks
based on meteorological fieldbased on meteorological field variabilityy
Surface SYNOP stations:complete in time and non-
complete observations
Summer Surface Air Variability (C) and SYNOP networks: green - regular data, red - irregular data (January, 2010)
80
70
75
65
70
ude
55
60
latit
u
45
50
80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190
longitude
40
Winter Surface Air Variability (C) and SYNOP networks: green - regular data, red - irregular data (January, 2010)
80
70
75
60
65
atitu
de
50
55
l
40
45
80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190
longitude
40
All available surface stations
Surface meteo networks: green triangles-regular synop, red rombes - irregular synop, black crosses-closed, black circles-nominal existed
SAT Variability and surface network configuration (winter)
75
80
70
75
60
65
itude
55
60lat
50
110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 19040
45
longitude
Surface meteo networks: green triangles-regular synop, red rombes - irregular synop, black crosses-closed, black circles-nominal existed
SAT Variability and surface network configuration (summer)
75
80
70
75
60
65
itude
55
60lat
50
110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 19040
45
longitude
Surface meteo networks: green triangles-regular synop, red rombes - irregular synop, black crosses-closed, black circles-nominal existed
SAT Variability and surface network configuration (spring)
75
80
70
75
60
65
itude
55
60lat
50
110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 19040
45
longitude
Surface meteo networks: green triangles-regular synop, red rombes - irregular synop, black crosses-closed, black circles-nominal existed
SAT Variability and surface network configuration (autumn)
75
80
70
75
60
65
itude
55
60lat
50
110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 19040
45
longitude
Surface meteo networks: green triangles-regular synop, red rombes - irregular synop, black crosses-closed, black circles-nominal existed
SAT Variability and surface network configuration (summer): Chukcha Peninsula
74
76
72
70
66
68
latit
ude
64
66
62
160 165 170 175 180 185 190 195longitude
60
SAT Variability and surface network configuration (winter): Chukcha Peninsula
Surface meteo networks: green triangles-regular synop, red rombes - irregular synop, black crosses-closed, black circles-nominal existed
74
Chukcha Peninsula
72
2198221982
7021978
21982
2503425042
2504425051
25062
25121 25123 25151 25173
25145
21965
25062
2517325123
66
68
latit
ude
25129 25138 25147
25248
25282
25325 25335 25356 25378 25399
25372
25145
2549625434
25138
25248
25399
25282
2532525356 25378
64
25428 25469
25526 25538
2555125561 25563
25591
25627 2564825677
25656
25621
254965 3
25568
25428
255632555125594
25677
62
25677
25745
2576725820
25932 2594125954 25956
25777
25858
25821
25956
25677
25745
2593225954
160 165 170 175 180 185 190 195longitude
60
25954 25956
Surface zonal wind variability (m/s): winter (0 and 12 h)
Zonal Wind Variability and surface network configuration (winter): Chukcha Peninsula
76
72
74
70
e
68Latit
ude
64
66
62
160 165 170 175 180 185 190 195Longitude
60
Surface meridional wind variability (m/s): winter (0 and 12 h). + -closed, o - up to 123 obs/month , triangles- more than 123 obs
Meridional Wind Variability and surface network configuration (winter): Chukcha Peninsula
76
72
74
70
e
68Latit
ude
64
66
62
160 165 170 175 180 185 190 195Longitude
60
Air Humidity Variability and surface network configuration (summer): Chukcha Peninsula
äî ëãî òà
76
74
70
72
68øèð
îòà
66
62
64
160 165 170 175 180 185 190 195Ðèñ. . Ï î ëå èçì åí ÷èâî ñòè î òí î ñèòåëüí î é âëàæí î ñòè (ã/êã) ï î äàí í û ì ðåàí àëèçà çà 0 è 12 ÷àñî â: çèì í èé ñåçî í + -closed, o - up to 123 obs/month , triangles- more than 1
60
Conclusions• Existed RAOB and SYNOP networks in
Siberia is not uniformly distributed thereSiberia is not uniformly distributed – there are several gaps in informatively important d idomains:Chukotka, Arctic coast, East Siberia (high latitudes)
• There is urgent necessity in additional e e s u ge t ecess ty add t o aobservations, especially in North-Eastern part of Siberia.part of Siberia.
THANK YOU N OUFOR YOUR ATTENTION
St. Petersburg
