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MATERIALS FOR A BETTER LIFE – NOVA UNIVERSITY OF LISBOA
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Sirazul Haque, Manuel J. Mendes, Olalla S. Sobrado,Miguel Alexandre, Manuel Chapa, Hugo Águas, ElviraFortunato and Rodrigo Martins
CENIMAT-i3N
LisbonApril 2019
DESIGN OF PHOTONIC MICROSTRUCTURES FOR
OPTIMUM WAVE-OPTICAL LIGHT TRAPPING IN
PEROVSKITE SOLAR CELLS (PSCS)
Photovoltaics – our future main energy
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Perez et al. 2009, "A Fundamental Look At Energy Reserves For The Planet"
State-of-the-art in PV
Current Market Leader New Generations
Crystalline Si wafer-based solar cells
Record efficiency ~ 26%Theoretical limit ~30%
Thin-film wafer-free cells on inexpensive substrates
(recent record ~23.3% with Perovskites)
Epitaxially-grown multi-junction cells with III-V materials under high sunlight concentration(record efficiency ~45 %)
Lower Cost
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State-of-the-art in PV
Current Market Leader New Generations
Lower Cost
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• Theoretical limits almost reached! Efficiency cannot be improved further
• Still high price for most consumers
• No bendability/flexibility
➢ Insufficient light absorption due to low thickness →
efficiency bottleneck!
Light trapping with Wave Optics in PSCs
Motivation for light trapping in perovskitesolar cells
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A. Polman et al., Science (2016)
Advantages of dielectric photonics structures
Dielectric photonics structures able to block UV harmful radiation and can:
1) Suppress reflection
2) Concentrate their near-field light in the thin PV material
3) Enhance path length of light rays (far-field)
4) Increase angular acceptance
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S. Haque et al., Nano Energy (2019)
Photonic-enhanced thin-film PSCs
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Solar cell base-structure (planar reference):
Ag electrode (80 nm) / Spiro-OMeTAD (150 nm) / Perovskite (250-500 nm) / TiO2 (20 nm) / ITO (50nm)
Photonic-enhanced PSCs with Domes
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Light Trapping
Structure
500 nm Perovskite absorber
250 nm Perovskite absorber
JPH (mA/cm2) JPH (mA/cm2)
Planar ARC (Reference)
25.95 22.64
TiO2 Domes array 30.56 28.00
Photonic-enhanced PSCs with Voids
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Light Trapping
Structure
500 nm Perovskite absorber
250 nm Perovskite absorber
JPH (mA/cm2) JPH (mA/cm2)
Planar ARC (Reference)
25.9 22.6
TiO2 Voids array 31.3 28.6
Geometrical optics limits
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Light trapping(LT) in PSCs
500 nmPerovskite
250 nmPerovskite
JPH
(mA/cm2)JPH
(mA/cm2)
Planar ARC (Reference)
25.9 22.6
TiO2 Voids array 31.3 28.6
Enhancement 21% 27%
Analytical Lambertianformalism
500 nmPerovskite
250 nmPerovskite
JPH
(mA/cm2)
JPH
(mA/cm2
)
Without light trapping (planar)
28.2 25.5
Lambertian light trapping
35.3 33.3
Enhancement 25% 31%
Lambertian (ray-optics) formalism applied to PSCs:
S. Haque et al., Nano Energy (2019)
Photonic-enhanced PSCs
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Main conclusions :
➢ Attainable optical enhancementsin PSCs are not so high as thin-film Si, but still important toallow thickness reduction(flexibility)
➢ Front photonic structures canblock UV radiation and enhancered-NIR absorption → Besidesoptical improvements, we canhave stability improvements
250 nm Perovskite 500 nm Perovskite
S. Haque et al., Nano Energy (2019)
J PH
without
UV [
40
0-1
00
0 n
m]
Photonic-structured flexible PSCs
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S. Haque et al., Under Preparation
Solar cell base-structure (planar reference):
Au electrode (200 nm) / Spiro-OMeTAD (50 nm) / Perovskite (300-500 nm) / SnO2 (25 nm) / ITO (50nm)
AuSpiro-OMeTAD
PerovskiteSnO2
ITO
Photonic-structured PSCs
Photo-current enhancement and omnidirectionalangular response
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Light trapping(LT) in PSCs
500 nmPerovskite
300 nmPerovskite
JPH
(mA/cm2)JPH
(mA/cm2)
Planar ARC (Reference)
27.1 25.0
Photonic-structured PSCs
32.5 30.7
Enhancement 20% 23%
LambertianLimits
25% 28%
AuSpiro-OMeTAD
PerovskiteSnO2
ITO
Photonic-structured PSCs in superstrate configuration
S. Haque et al., Under Preparation
Thank you very much!
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Contact: [email protected]
Acknowledgements
This work was funded by FEDER funds, through the COMPETE 2020 Program, and national funds,through the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT-MEC), under the projects POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007688 (Reference UID/CTM/50025), ALTALUZ (Reference PTDC/CTM-ENE/5125/2014) and SUPERSOLAR (PTDC/NAN-OPT/28430/2017). The authors acknowledge partialfunding from the European Projects BET-EU (H2020-TWINN-2015, grant 692373) and APOLO(H2020-LCE-2017-RES-RIA, grant 763989). M. J. Mendes and O. Sanchez-Sobrado acknowledgefunding by FCT-MEC through the grants SFRH/BPD/115566/2016 and SFRH/BPD/114833/2016,respectively. S. Haque also acknowledges the support from the FCT-MEC through the AdvaMTech PhDprogram scholarship PD/BD/143031/2018.
This project has received funding from
the European Union’s Horizon 2020
research and innovation programme
under grant agreement No 763989.
This publication reflects only the
author’s views and the European Union
is not liable for any use that may be
made of the information contained
therein.
